EP0986703A2 - Device for controlling an electromechanical setting device - Google Patents

Device for controlling an electromechanical setting device

Info

Publication number
EP0986703A2
EP0986703A2 EP98933511A EP98933511A EP0986703A2 EP 0986703 A2 EP0986703 A2 EP 0986703A2 EP 98933511 A EP98933511 A EP 98933511A EP 98933511 A EP98933511 A EP 98933511A EP 0986703 A2 EP0986703 A2 EP 0986703A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
actuator
time
voltage
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98933511A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0986703B1 (en
Inventor
Christian Hoffmann
Richard Wimmer
Achim Koch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0986703A2 publication Critical patent/EP0986703A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0986703B1 publication Critical patent/EP0986703B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1844—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
    • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
    • F02D13/0253—Fully variable control of valve lift and timing using camless actuation systems such as hydraulic, pneumatic or electromagnetic actuators, e.g. solenoid valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
    • F02D2041/001—Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2024—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit the control switching a load after time-on and time-off pulses
    • F02D2041/2027—Control of the current by pulse width modulation or duty cycle control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2051—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using voltage control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2058—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using information of the actual current value
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/123—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by ancillary coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
    • H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for controlling an electromechanical actuator according to the preamble of the independent claim. It relates in particular to an actuator for controlling an internal combustion engine.
  • a known actuator (EP 0 400 389 A2) has an actuator and an actuator.
  • the actuator includes an electromagnet with a core and a coil.
  • the electromagnet is arranged in a housing.
  • An armature plate is arranged to be movable relative to the first electromagnet and is biased by a spring m to a predetermined rest position.
  • the coil is excited with a pull-in current.
  • the pull-in current causes an electromagnetic force that pulls the armature plate against the electromagnet against a force caused by the spring.
  • the actuator is assigned a two-point controller with hysteresis, the controlled variable of which is the current through the coil and the manipulated variable is a pulse-shaped voltage signal which is applied to the coil.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device for controlling an electromechanical actuator which is simple and which ensures precise, in particular precise, control of the actuator.
  • the invention is solved by the features of the independent claim.
  • the solution is characterized in that a pulse width modulator is provided, which modulates the manipulated variable depending on the supply voltage. So a constant switching time is independent of fluctuations in the Supply voltage guaranteed.
  • the switching period is defined as the period of time that is required to bring the armature plate into contact with the electromagnet from a predetermined rest position against a spring force caused by the spring.
  • the constant switching time is an important advantage because the supply voltage, particularly in a motor vehicle, is subject to greater fluctuations.
  • Another advantage is that an expensive and complex voltage regulator can be dispensed with, since the current profile in the switch-on phase of the regulator, i.e. before the regulator reaches the control range, is always the same on average regardless of the supply voltage, although only one control by the Controller takes place.
  • Actuator designed as a gas exchange valve and the actuator m arranged in an internal combustion engine. This ensures constant switching times for the gas exchange valve regardless of the supply voltage and thus low-consumption and low-emission operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • Figure 1 shows an arrangement of an actuator with a first
  • Embodiment of the device according to the invention for controlling the control device in an internal combustion engine for controlling the control device in an internal combustion engine
  • FIG. 3 shows a further arrangement of a preferred embodiment of the control device with a further embodiment of the device according to the invention for controlling the control device.
  • An actuator 1 ( Figure 1) comprises an actuator 11 and an actuator, which is designed for example as a gas exchange valve and has a shaft 121 and a plate 122.
  • the actuator 11 has a housing 111 in which a first electromagnet is arranged.
  • the first electromagnet has a first core 112.
  • a first coil 113 is embedded in an annular groove of the first core 112.
  • the first core 112 has a recess 114a, which serves as a guide for the shaft 121.
  • An anchor plate 115 is movably arranged in the housing 111 relative to the first core 112.
  • a first spring 11 ⁇ a biases the anchor plate into a predetermined rest position R.
  • Actuator 1 is rigidly connected to a cylinder head 21.
  • An intake port 22 and a cylinder 23 with a piston 24 are assigned to the cylinder head 21.
  • the piston 24 is coupled to a crankshaft 26 via a connecting rod 25.
  • a control device 4 which detects signals from sensors and generates control signals for the actuator 11.
  • the sensors are preferably used as a position sensor 5, which detects a position X of the armature plate 115, as a first ammeter 7a, which detects the actual value I_AV1 of the current through the first coil 113, as a speed sensor 27, which detects the rotational speed N of the crankshaft 26 , or as a load detection sensor 28, which is preferably an air mass meter or a pressure sensor.
  • other sensors can also be present.
  • a voltage source 8 is provided, which is preferably used as a generator, as a battery or as a parallel connection of the Generator and the battery is formed and which generates a supply voltage.
  • the control device 4 comprises a controller, which is preferably designed as a two-point controller 41 with hysteresis, the controlled variable of which is the current through the coil 113 and the manipulated variable is a voltage which is applied to the coil 113.
  • the manipulated variable which is a voltage signal over time, is modulated by a pulse width modulator 42 depending on the supply voltage.
  • the modulated voltage signal is then fed to a driver 7a, which amplifies it and feeds it to the first coil 113.
  • FIG. 2a shows the time course of the carrier signal S ⁇ of the pulse width modulator 42.
  • FIG. 2 b shows the time course of the modulated and amplified voltage signal U1.
  • FIG. 2 c shows the associated course of the actual value I_AV of the current through the first coil 113.
  • FIG. 2 d shows the course over time of the position X of the armature plate 115.
  • the setpoint value of the current through the first coil 113 is a predetermined catch current I_F.
  • the anchor plate 115 comes into contact with the first core 112.
  • the setpoint value of the current through the first coil 113 is a predetermined holding current I_H.
  • the two-point controller 41 with hysteresis accordingly specifies a voltage pulse as a voltage signal from the time ti to the time t 5 , which is modulated with the carrier signal S ⁇ and then amplified by the driver 7a, so that the curve shown in FIG Time ti to t_ results.
  • the coil 113 is acted upon by the amplified and modulated voltage signal U1.
  • the resulting actual value I_AV of the current can be clearly seen in FIG. 2c.
  • the actual value I_AV of the current fluctuates from a point in time ti to a point in time t 5 around the time profile (dotted curve), as it results when the supply voltage has the minimum value U_Min.
  • armature plate 115 comes into contact with first core 112. From time t 6 to time t 7 , setpoint value I_SP1 of the current through the coil is holding current I_H.
  • the time t 6 is preferably chosen so that it is as close as possible to the time t 5a .
  • the impact of the anchor plate 115 is preferably determined by evaluating the position X. In a simple embodiment, the time interval between the times ti and t 6 can also be an experimentally determined, predetermined value.
  • the setpoint value of the current through the first coil 113 changes from zero to the capture current I_F.
  • the supply voltage has the minimum value U_Min.
  • the pulse width T P of the carrier signal S ⁇ is therefore equal to the period T ⁇ .
  • the carrier signal S ⁇ accordingly has a constant value from the time t 8 to the time ti 2 .
  • the time profile of the modulated and amplified voltage signal Ul corresponds to the time t 8 to time t 2 the change in the amplitude of the voltage signal caused by the amplification, that is to say the time course of the manipulated variable of the two-point controller 41.
  • the anchor plate 115 comes into contact with the first core 112. From the point in time tioa to the point in time t X2 , the setpoint is I_SP1 of the current through the coil 113, the holding current I_H.
  • the switching time which is determined by the time required to bring the anchor plate from its open position, which corresponds to the rest position R in this exemplary embodiment, into its closed position C, ie in the system with the first electromagnet, is therefore independent of that Value of the supply voltage and m approximately constant.
  • the time interval between the times ti and t 5a and between the times t 8 and tio is approximately the same. This is an important advantage since a precise switching duration is a prerequisite for precise filling control for the cylinder 23
  • FIG. 3 shows a further arrangement of the preferred embodiment of the control device 1 with a further embodiment of the control device 4 'according to the invention.
  • the actuator 11 differs from that in FIG. 1 in that it has a second electromagnet with a second core 117 and a second coil 118.
  • the second core 117 has a recess 114b which also serves as a guide for the shaft 121.
  • the anchor plate 115 is movably arranged in the housing 111 between the first core 112 and the second core 117.
  • the first spring 116a and the second spring 116b bias the anchor plate into a predetermined rest position R.
  • control device 4 ′ additionally has a further two-point regulator 43 with hysteresis, the controlled variable of which is the current through the second coil 118 and the manipulated variable is a voltage that is applied to the second coil 118.
  • the two-point controller 43 generates a further voltage signal, which is fed to a further pulse width modulator 44 as a modulation signal.
  • the further voltage signal is modulated in the further pulse width modulator 44 in the same way as in the pulse width modulator 42 and then amplified by the driver 7b.
  • the further modulated and corrected voltage signal is applied to the second coil 118.
  • the first or second coil only has to be acted upon with a significantly lower capture current I_F, since the spring-mass system can oscillate and only the losses due to friction have to be compensated for.
  • the actuator can also be designed as an injection valve.
  • the control device 4, 4 ' can be designed as a microcontroller, but it can also comprise a logic circuit or an analog circuit arrangement.
  • the controller or the further controller can also be designed, for example, as a single-point controller with a timing element or as a pulse width modulation controller.

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for controlling an electromechanical setting device, comprising a final setting element and a setting drive mechanism. Said setting drive mechanism comprises an electromagnet which has a core (112) and a coil (113). The setting drive also has a moveable anchor plate (115). A controller is provided, the control variable of said controller being the current through the coil (113) and the setting variable being a voltage which is applied to said coil. A source of voltage (8) is also provided to produce the supply current. A pulse duration modulator (42) modulates the setting variable in dependence on the supply voltage.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Einrichtung zum Steuern eines elektromechanischen StellgeratsDevice for controlling an electromechanical actuator
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zum Steuern eines elektromechanischen Stellgerats gemäß dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs. Sie betrifft insbesondere ein Stellgerat zum Steuern einer Brennkraftmaschine.The invention relates to a device for controlling an electromechanical actuator according to the preamble of the independent claim. It relates in particular to an actuator for controlling an internal combustion engine.
Ein bekanntes Stellgerat (EP 0 400 389 A2) hat ein Stellglied und einen Stellantrieb. Der Stellantrieb umfaßt einen Elektromagneten mit einem Kern und einer Spule. Der Elektromagnet ist m einem Gehäuse angeordnet. Eine Ankerplatte ist beweglich zu dem ersten Elektromagneten angeordnet und ist durch eine Feder m eine vorgegebene Ruheposition vorgespannt. Um die Ankerplatte aus ihrer Ruheposition m Anlage mit dem ersten Elektromagneten zu bringen, wird die Spule mit einem Anzugsstrom erregt. Der Anzugsstrom bewirkt eine elektromagnetische Kraft, die die Ankerplatte gegen eine durch die Feder bewirkte Kraft an den Elektromagneten zieht. Dem Stellgerat ist ein Zweipunkteregler mit Hysterese zugeordnet, dessen Regelgroße der Strom durch die Spule ist und dessen Stellgroße ein pulsformiges Spannungssignal ist, das an der Spule angelegt wird.A known actuator (EP 0 400 389 A2) has an actuator and an actuator. The actuator includes an electromagnet with a core and a coil. The electromagnet is arranged in a housing. An armature plate is arranged to be movable relative to the first electromagnet and is biased by a spring m to a predetermined rest position. In order to bring the armature plate out of its rest position in the system with the first electromagnet, the coil is excited with a pull-in current. The pull-in current causes an electromagnetic force that pulls the armature plate against the electromagnet against a force caused by the spring. The actuator is assigned a two-point controller with hysteresis, the controlled variable of which is the current through the coil and the manipulated variable is a pulse-shaped voltage signal which is applied to the coil.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Einrichtung zum Steuern eines elektromechanischen Stellgerats zu schaffen, die einfach ist und ein genaues, insbesondere zeitgenaues, steuern des Stellgerats gewährleistet.The object of the invention is to provide a device for controlling an electromechanical actuator which is simple and which ensures precise, in particular precise, control of the actuator.
Die Erfindung wird durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs gelost. Die Losung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß ein Pulsbreitenmodulator vorgesehen ist, der die Stellgroße abhangig von der Versorgungsspannung moduliert. So ist eine konstante Schaltdauer unabhängig von Schwankungen der Versorgungsspannung gewährleistet. Die Schaltdauer ist definiert als die Zeitdauer, die benotigt wird um die Ankerplatte von einer vorgegebenen Ruheposition entgegen einer durch die Feder bewirkte Federkraft zur Anlage mit dem Elektromagneten zu bringen. Die konstante Schaltdauer ist ein gewichtiger Vorteil, da die Versorgungsspannung, insbesondere bei einem Kraftfahrzeug, größeren Schwankungen unterliegt. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist, daß auf einen teueren und aufwendigen Spannungsregler verzichtet werden kann, da der Stromverlauf in der Einschaltphase des Reglers, also vor Erreichen des Regelbereichs des Reglers, im zeitlichen Mittel unabhängig von der Versorgungsspannung immer gleich ist, obwohl nur eine Steuerung durch den Regler erfolgt.The invention is solved by the features of the independent claim. The solution is characterized in that a pulse width modulator is provided, which modulates the manipulated variable depending on the supply voltage. So a constant switching time is independent of fluctuations in the Supply voltage guaranteed. The switching period is defined as the period of time that is required to bring the armature plate into contact with the electromagnet from a predetermined rest position against a spring force caused by the spring. The constant switching time is an important advantage because the supply voltage, particularly in a motor vehicle, is subject to greater fluctuations. Another advantage is that an expensive and complex voltage regulator can be dispensed with, since the current profile in the switch-on phase of the regulator, i.e. before the regulator reaches the control range, is always the same on average regardless of the supply voltage, although only one control by the Controller takes place.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dasIn an advantageous embodiment of the invention
Stellglied als Gaswechselventil ausgebildet und das Stellgerat m einer Brennkraftmaschine angeordnet. So sind kontante Schaltdauern des Gaswechselventils unabhängig von der Versorgungsspannung und damit ein verbrauchsarmer und emissionsar- mer Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine gewährleistet.Actuator designed as a gas exchange valve and the actuator m arranged in an internal combustion engine. This ensures constant switching times for the gas exchange valve regardless of the supply voltage and thus low-consumption and low-emission operation of the internal combustion engine.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteranspruchen gekennzeichnet.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.
Ausfuhrungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind anhand der schematischen Zeichungen naher erläutert. Es zeigen:Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the schematic drawings. Show it:
Figur 1 eine Anordnung eines Stellgerats mit einer erstenFigure 1 shows an arrangement of an actuator with a first
Ausfuhrungsform der erfmdungsgemaßen Einrichtung zum Steuern des Stellgerats m einer Brennkraftmaschine,Embodiment of the device according to the invention for controlling the control device in an internal combustion engine,
Figur 2 Signalverlaufe, aufgetragen über die Zeit t, Figur 3 eine weitere Anordnung einer bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsform des Stellgerats mit einer weiteren Ausfuhrungsform der erfmdungsgemaßen Einrichtung zum Steuern des Stellgerats. Elemente gleicher Konstruktion und Funktion sind figurenübergreifend mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.2 shows waveforms, plotted over time t, FIG. 3 shows a further arrangement of a preferred embodiment of the control device with a further embodiment of the device according to the invention for controlling the control device. Elements of the same construction and function are provided with the same reference symbols in all figures.
Ein Stellgerät 1 (Figur 1) umfaßt einen Stellantrieb 11 und ein Stellglied, das beispielsweise als ein Gaswechselventil ausgebildet ist und einen Schaft 121 und einen Teller 122 hat. Der Stellantrieb 11 hat ein Gehäuse 111, in dem ein erste Elektromagnet angeordnet ist. Der erste Elektromagnet hat einen ersten Kern 112. In einer ringförmigen Nut des ersten Kerns 112 ist eine erste Spule 113 eingebettet. Der erste Kern 112 hat eine Ausnehmung 114a, die als Führung des Schafts 121 dient. Eine Ankerplatte 115 ist in dem Gehäuse 111 beweglich zu dem ersten Kern 112 angeordnet. Eine erste Feder llβa spannt die Ankerplatte in eine vorgegebene Ruheposition R vor.An actuator 1 (Figure 1) comprises an actuator 11 and an actuator, which is designed for example as a gas exchange valve and has a shaft 121 and a plate 122. The actuator 11 has a housing 111 in which a first electromagnet is arranged. The first electromagnet has a first core 112. A first coil 113 is embedded in an annular groove of the first core 112. The first core 112 has a recess 114a, which serves as a guide for the shaft 121. An anchor plate 115 is movably arranged in the housing 111 relative to the first core 112. A first spring 11βa biases the anchor plate into a predetermined rest position R.
Das Stellgerät 1 ist mit einem Zylinderkopf 21 starr verbunden. Dem Zylinderkopf 21 ist ein Ansaugkanal 22 und ein Zy- linder 23 mit einem Kolben 24 zugeordnet. Der Kolben 24 ist über eine Pleuelstange 25 mit einer Kurbelwelle 26 gekoppelt.Actuator 1 is rigidly connected to a cylinder head 21. An intake port 22 and a cylinder 23 with a piston 24 are assigned to the cylinder head 21. The piston 24 is coupled to a crankshaft 26 via a connecting rod 25.
Eine Steuereinrichtung 4 ist vorgesehen, die Signale von Sensoren erfaßt und Stellsignale für den Stellantrieb 11 er- zeugt. Die Sensoren sind vorzugsweise als ein Positionsgeber 5, der eine Position X der Ankerplatte 115 erfaßt, als ein erster Strommesser 7a, der den Istwert I_AV1 des Stroms durch die erste Spule 113 erfaßt, als ein Drehzahlgeber 27, der die Drehzahl N der Kurbelwelle 26 erfaßt, oder als ein Lasterfas- sungssensor 28, der vorzugsweise ein Luftmassenmesser oder ein Drucksensor ist, ausgebildet. Neben den erwähnten Sensoren können auch weitere Sensoren vorhanden sein.A control device 4 is provided which detects signals from sensors and generates control signals for the actuator 11. The sensors are preferably used as a position sensor 5, which detects a position X of the armature plate 115, as a first ammeter 7a, which detects the actual value I_AV1 of the current through the first coil 113, as a speed sensor 27, which detects the rotational speed N of the crankshaft 26 , or as a load detection sensor 28, which is preferably an air mass meter or a pressure sensor. In addition to the sensors mentioned, other sensors can also be present.
Eine Spannungsquelle 8 ist vorgesehen, die vorzugsweise als Generator, als Batterie oder als eine Parallelschaltung des Generators und der Batterie ausgebildet ist und die eine Versorgungsspannung erzeugt. Die Steuereinrichtung 4 umfaßt einen Regler, der vorzugsweise als ein Zweipunktregler 41 mit Hysterese ausgebildet ist, dessen Regelgröße der Strom durch die Spule 113 ist und dessen Stellgröße eine Spannung ist, die an der Spule 113 angelegt wird. Die Stellgröße, die im zeitlichen Verlauf ein Spannungssignal ist, wird von einem Pulsbreitenmodulator 42 abhangig von der Versorgungsspannung moduliert. Das modulierte Spannungssignal wird dann einem Treiber 7a zugeführt, der es verstärkt und der ersten Spule 113 zuführt.A voltage source 8 is provided, which is preferably used as a generator, as a battery or as a parallel connection of the Generator and the battery is formed and which generates a supply voltage. The control device 4 comprises a controller, which is preferably designed as a two-point controller 41 with hysteresis, the controlled variable of which is the current through the coil 113 and the manipulated variable is a voltage which is applied to the coil 113. The manipulated variable, which is a voltage signal over time, is modulated by a pulse width modulator 42 depending on the supply voltage. The modulated voltage signal is then fed to a driver 7a, which amplifies it and feeds it to the first coil 113.
In Figur 2 sind Signalverläufe aufgetragen über die Zeit t. Figur 2a zeigt den zeitlichen Verlauf des Trägersignals Sτ des Pulsbreitenmodulators 42. Das Trägersignal Sτ ist eine Impulsfolge mit einer Periodendauer Tτ und einer Pulsbreite TP, die abhangt von der Versorgungsspannung. Hat die Versorgungsspannung den Maximalwert U_Max, so hat die Pulsbreite TP einen minimalen Wert (z.B. 0,8 • Tτ ) . Hat die Versorgungs- Spannung hingegen den Minimalwert U_Min der Versorgungsspannung, so hat die Pulsbreite TP einen maximalen Wert (z.B TP = Tτ) . Hat die Versorgungsspannung einen Wert zwischen dem Maximalwert U_MAX und dem Minimalwert U_MIN, so ist der Wert der Pulsbreite TP zwischen dem minimalen und dem maximalen Wert.In Figure 2, waveforms are plotted over time t. FIG. 2a shows the time course of the carrier signal S τ of the pulse width modulator 42. The carrier signal S τ is a pulse train with a period T τ and a pulse width T P , which depends on the supply voltage. If the supply voltage has the maximum value U_Max, the pulse width T P has a minimum value (for example 0.8 • T τ ). If, on the other hand, the supply voltage has the minimum value U_Min of the supply voltage, the pulse width T P has a maximum value (eg T P = T τ ). If the supply voltage has a value between the maximum value U_MAX and the minimum value U_MIN, the value of the pulse width T P is between the minimum and the maximum value.
Figur 2 b zeigt den zeitlichen Verlauf des modulierten und verstärkten Spannungssignals Ul. Figur 2 c zeigt den zugehörigen Verlauf des Istwertes I_AV des Stroms durch die erste Spule 113. Figur 2d zeigt den zeitlichen Verlauf der Position X der Ankerplatte 115.Figure 2 b shows the time course of the modulated and amplified voltage signal U1. FIG. 2 c shows the associated course of the actual value I_AV of the current through the first coil 113. FIG. 2 d shows the course over time of the position X of the armature plate 115.
Von einem Zeitpunkt tx bis t _ ist der Sollwert des Stroms durch die erste Spule 113 ein vorgegebener Fangstrom I_F. Zum Zeitpunkt t5a kommt die Ankerplatte 115 zur Anlage mit dem ersten Kern 112. Von dem Zeitpunkt t6 bis t7 ist dann der Sollwert des Stroms durch die erste Spule 113 ein vorgegebener Haltestrom I_H. Der Zweipunktregler 41 mit Hysterese gibt demnach vom Zeitpunkt ti bis zum Zeitpunkt t5 als Spannungs- signal einen Spannungspuls vor, der mit dem Trägersignal Sτ moduliert wird und dann von dem Treiber 7a verstärkt wird, so daß sich der in Figur 2b dargestellte Verlauf vom Zeitpunkt ti bis t_ ergibt. Die Spule 113 wird mit dem verstärkten und modulierten Spannungssignal Ul beaufschlagt. In Figur 2c ist der daraus resultierende Istwert I_AV des Stroms deutlich erkennbar. Der Istwert I_AV des Stroms schwingt von einem Zeitpunkt ti bis zu einem Zeitpunkt t5 um den zeitlichen Verlauf (gepunktete Kurve) , wie er sich ergibt, wenn die Versorgungsspannung den Minimalwert U_Min aufweist.From a point in time t x to t _, the setpoint value of the current through the first coil 113 is a predetermined catch current I_F. At time t 5a , the anchor plate 115 comes into contact with the first core 112. From time t 6 to t 7 , the setpoint value of the current through the first coil 113 is a predetermined holding current I_H. The two-point controller 41 with hysteresis accordingly specifies a voltage pulse as a voltage signal from the time ti to the time t 5 , which is modulated with the carrier signal S τ and then amplified by the driver 7a, so that the curve shown in FIG Time ti to t_ results. The coil 113 is acted upon by the amplified and modulated voltage signal U1. The resulting actual value I_AV of the current can be clearly seen in FIG. 2c. The actual value I_AV of the current fluctuates from a point in time ti to a point in time t 5 around the time profile (dotted curve), as it results when the supply voltage has the minimum value U_Min.
Zum Zeitpunkt t5a kommt die Ankerplatte 115 zur Anlage mit dem ersten Kern 112. Von dem Zeitpunkt t6 bis zu dem Zeitpunkt t7 ist der Sollwert I_SP1 des Stroms durch die Spule der Haltestrom I_H. Der Zeitpunkt t6 ist vorzugsweise so ge- wählt, daß er möglichst nahe bei dem Zeitpunkt t5a liegt. Das Auftreffen der Ankerplatte 115 wird vorzugsweise durch ein Auswerten der Position X ermittelt. In einer einfachen Ausführungsform kann der zeitliche Abstand zwischen den Zeitpunkten ti und t6 auch ein experimentell bestimmter fest vor- gegebener Wert sein.At time t 5a , armature plate 115 comes into contact with first core 112. From time t 6 to time t 7 , setpoint value I_SP1 of the current through the coil is holding current I_H. The time t 6 is preferably chosen so that it is as close as possible to the time t 5a . The impact of the anchor plate 115 is preferably determined by evaluating the position X. In a simple embodiment, the time interval between the times ti and t 6 can also be an experimentally determined, predetermined value.
Zu einem Zeitpunkt t8 wechselt der Sollwert des Stroms durch die erste Spule 113 von null auf den Fangstrom I_F. Von dem Zeitpunkt t8 bis zu einem Zeitpunkt ti2 hat die Versorgungs- Spannung den Minimalwert U_Min. Die Pulsbreite TP des Trägersignals Sτ ist demnach gleich der Periodendauer Tτ. Das Trägersignal Sτ hat demnach vom Zeitpunkt t8 bis zu dem Zeitpunkt ti2 einen konstanten Wert. Der der zeitliche Verlauf des modulierten und verstärkten Spannungssignals Ul ent- spricht vom Zeitpunkt t8 bis zum Zeitpunkt tχ2 bis auf die durch die Verstärkung bewirkte Änderung der Amplitude dem Spannungssignal, also dem zeitlichen Verlauf der Stellgroße des Zweipunktreglers 41. Zu dem Zeitpunkt kommt die Ankerplatte 115 zur Anlage mit dem ersten Kern 112. Von dem Zeit- punkt tioa bis zu dem Zeitpunkt tX2 ist der Sollwert I_SP1 des Stroms durch die Spule 113 der Haltestrom I_H.At a time t 8 , the setpoint value of the current through the first coil 113 changes from zero to the capture current I_F. From the time t 8 to a time t i2 , the supply voltage has the minimum value U_Min. The pulse width T P of the carrier signal S τ is therefore equal to the period T τ . The carrier signal S τ accordingly has a constant value from the time t 8 to the time ti 2 . The time profile of the modulated and amplified voltage signal Ul corresponds to the time t 8 to time t 2 the change in the amplitude of the voltage signal caused by the amplification, that is to say the time course of the manipulated variable of the two-point controller 41. At that point in time, the anchor plate 115 comes into contact with the first core 112. From the point in time tioa to the point in time t X2 , the setpoint is I_SP1 of the current through the coil 113, the holding current I_H.
Die Schaltdauer, die durch die Zeitdauer bestimmt ist, die benotigt wird um die Ankerplatte von ihrer Offenposition, die in diesem Ausfuhrungsbeispiel der Ruheposition R entspricht, in ihre Schließposition C, d. h. m Anlage mit dem ersten Elektromagneten, zu bringen, ist demnach unabhängig von dem Wert der Versorgungsspannung und m etwa konstant. So ist der zeitliche Abstand zwischen den Zeitpunkten ti und t5a und zwi- sehen den Zeitpunkten t8 und tio in etwa gleich. Dies ist ein gewichtiger Vorteil, da eine präzise Schaltdauer eine Voraussetzung f r eine genaue Fullungssteuerung für den Zylinder 23The switching time, which is determined by the time required to bring the anchor plate from its open position, which corresponds to the rest position R in this exemplary embodiment, into its closed position C, ie in the system with the first electromagnet, is therefore independent of that Value of the supply voltage and m approximately constant. The time interval between the times ti and t 5a and between the times t 8 and tio is approximately the same. This is an important advantage since a precise switching duration is a prerequisite for precise filling control for the cylinder 23
In Figur 3 ist eine weitere Anordnung der bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsform des Stellgerats 1 mit einer weiteren Ausfuhrungsform der erfmdungsgemaßen Steuereinrichtung 4' dargestellt. Der Stellantrieb 11 unterscheidet sich zu dem m Figur 1 dadurch, daß er einen zweiten Elektromagneten aufweist mit ei- nem zweiten Kern 117 und einer zweiten Spule 118. Der zweite Kern 117 hat eine Ausnehmung 114b, die auch als Fuhrung des Schafts 121 dient. Die Ankerplatte 115 ist in dem Gehäuse 111 beweglich zwischen dem ersten Kern 112 und dem zweiten Kern 117 angeordnet. Die erste Feder 116a und die zweite Feder 116b spannen die Ankerplatte in eine vorgegebene Ruheposition R vor.FIG. 3 shows a further arrangement of the preferred embodiment of the control device 1 with a further embodiment of the control device 4 'according to the invention. The actuator 11 differs from that in FIG. 1 in that it has a second electromagnet with a second core 117 and a second coil 118. The second core 117 has a recess 114b which also serves as a guide for the shaft 121. The anchor plate 115 is movably arranged in the housing 111 between the first core 112 and the second core 117. The first spring 116a and the second spring 116b bias the anchor plate into a predetermined rest position R.
Die Steuereinrichtung 4' weist im Unterschied der Steuereinrichtung gemäß Figur 1 noch zusatzlich einen weiteren Zwei- punktregier 43 mit Hysterese auf, dessen Regelgroße der Strom durch die zweite Spule 118 ist und dessen Stellgröße eine Spannung ist, mit der die zweite Spule 118 beaufschlagt wird. Der Zweipunktregler 43 erzeugt ein weiteres Spannungssignal, das einem weiteren Pulsbreitenmodulator 44 als Modulationssignal zugeführt wird. Das weitere Spannungssignal wird in dem weiteren Pulsbreitenmodulator 44 genauso wie in dem Pulsbreitenmodulator 42 moduliert und dann von dem Treiber 7b verstärkt. Die zweite Spule 118 wird mit dem weiteren modulierten und korrigierten Spannungssignal beaufschlagt.In contrast to the control device according to FIG. 1, the control device 4 ′ additionally has a further two-point regulator 43 with hysteresis, the controlled variable of which is the current through the second coil 118 and the manipulated variable is a voltage that is applied to the second coil 118. The two-point controller 43 generates a further voltage signal, which is fed to a further pulse width modulator 44 as a modulation signal. The further voltage signal is modulated in the further pulse width modulator 44 in the same way as in the pulse width modulator 42 and then amplified by the driver 7b. The further modulated and corrected voltage signal is applied to the second coil 118.
Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel muß die erste oder zweite Spule jeweils nur mit einem wesentlich geringeren Fangstrom I_F beaufschlagt werden, da das Feder-Masse-System schwingfähig ist und nur die Verluste durch Reibung kompensiert werden müssen.In this embodiment, the first or second coil only has to be acted upon with a significantly lower capture current I_F, since the spring-mass system can oscillate and only the losses due to friction have to be compensated for.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt. Beispielsweise kann das Stellglied auch als Einspritzventil ausgebildet sein. Die Steuereinrichtung 4, 4' kann als ein Mikrocontroller ausgebildet sein, sie kann aber ebenso eine Logikschaltung oder eine Analogschaltungsanord- nung umfassen. Der Regler oder der weitere Regler können beispielsweise auch als ein Einpunktregler mit einem Zeitglied oder als ein Pulsweitenmodulations-Regler ausgebildet sein. The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments. For example, the actuator can also be designed as an injection valve. The control device 4, 4 'can be designed as a microcontroller, but it can also comprise a logic circuit or an analog circuit arrangement. The controller or the further controller can also be designed, for example, as a single-point controller with a timing element or as a pulse width modulation controller.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Einrichtung zum Steuern eines elektromechanischen Stellgeräts, das ein Stellglied und einen Stellantrieb hat mit ei- ner beweglichen Ankerplatte (117) und mit einem Elektromagneten, der einen Kern (112) und eine Spule (113) hat, wobei ein Regler vorgesehen ist, dessen Regelgröße der Strom durch die Spule (113) ist und dessen Stellgröße eine Spannung ist, die an der Spule (113) angelegt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet,1. Device for controlling an electromechanical actuator which has an actuator and an actuator with a movable armature plate (117) and with an electromagnet which has a core (112) and a coil (113), a controller being provided, whose controlled variable is the current through the coil (113) and whose correcting variable is a voltage which is applied to the coil (113), characterized in that
- daß eine Spannungsquelle (8) vorgesehen ist, die eine Versorgungsspannung erzeugt, und- That a voltage source (8) is provided which generates a supply voltage, and
- daß ein Pulsbreitenmodulator (42) vorgesehen ist, der die Stellgröße abhängig von der Versorgungsspannung moduliert.- That a pulse width modulator (42) is provided which modulates the manipulated variable depending on the supply voltage.
2. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stellglied einen weiteren Elektromagneten aufweist, der einen weiteren Kern (117) und eine weitere Spule (118) hat und der in einem vorgegebenen Abstand zu dem Elektromagne- ten angeordnet ist, daß ein weiterer Regler vorgesehen ist, dessen Regelgröße der Strom durch die weitere Spule (118) ist und dessen Stellgröße eine Spannung ist, die an der weiteren Spule (118) angelegt wird, und2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator has a further electromagnet, which has a further core (117) and a further coil (118) and which is arranged at a predetermined distance from the electromagnetic, that another Regulator is provided, the controlled variable of which is the current through the further coil (118) and the manipulated variable is a voltage which is applied to the further coil (118), and
- daß ein weiterer Pulsbreitenmodulator (44) vorgesehen ist, der die Stellgröße abhängig von der Versorgungsspannung moduliert.- That a further pulse width modulator (44) is provided, which modulates the manipulated variable depending on the supply voltage.
3. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stellglied als Gaswechselventil ausgebildet ist.3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the actuator is designed as a gas exchange valve.
4. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Regler als Zweipunktregler (41, 43) mit Hysterese ausgebildet ist. 4. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the controller is designed as a two-point controller (41, 43) with hysteresis.
EP98933511A 1997-06-06 1998-05-12 Device for controlling an electromechanical setting device Expired - Lifetime EP0986703B1 (en)

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DE19723931A DE19723931A1 (en) 1997-06-06 1997-06-06 Device for controlling an electromechanical actuator
DE19723931 1997-06-06
PCT/DE1998/001318 WO1998055748A2 (en) 1997-06-06 1998-05-12 Device for controlling an electromechanical setting device

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US6297941B1 (en) 2001-10-02
WO1998055748A2 (en) 1998-12-10

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