EP0986703B1 - Device for controlling an electromechanical setting device - Google Patents

Device for controlling an electromechanical setting device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0986703B1
EP0986703B1 EP98933511A EP98933511A EP0986703B1 EP 0986703 B1 EP0986703 B1 EP 0986703B1 EP 98933511 A EP98933511 A EP 98933511A EP 98933511 A EP98933511 A EP 98933511A EP 0986703 B1 EP0986703 B1 EP 0986703B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
controller
voltage
time
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98933511A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0986703A2 (en
Inventor
Christian Hoffmann
Richard Wimmer
Achim Koch
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1844—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
    • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
    • F02D13/0253—Fully variable control of valve lift and timing using camless actuation systems such as hydraulic, pneumatic or electromagnetic actuators, e.g. solenoid valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
    • F02D2041/001—Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2024—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit the control switching a load after time-on and time-off pulses
    • F02D2041/2027—Control of the current by pulse width modulation or duty cycle control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2051—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using voltage control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2058—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using information of the actual current value
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/123—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by ancillary coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
    • H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for controlling a electromechanical actuator according to the preamble of the independent Claim. It particularly affects one Actuator for controlling an internal combustion engine.
  • a known actuator (EP 0 400 389 A2) has an actuator and an actuator.
  • the actuator includes an electromagnet with a core and a coil.
  • the electromagnet is arranged in a housing.
  • An anchor plate is movable arranged to the first electromagnet and is by a spring biased into a predetermined rest position. Around the anchor plate from its rest position in contact with the first Bringing electromagnets to the coil with a pull-in current excited.
  • the pull-in current causes an electromagnetic Force the anchor plate against one by the spring caused force pulls on the electromagnet.
  • the actuator is assigned a two-point controller with hysteresis, its controlled variable is the current through the coil and its manipulated variable is a pulse-shaped voltage signal that is applied to the coil becomes.
  • EP 0 669 457 A1 describes a fuel injection device known in which a solenoid valve is provided at which the valve anchor plate is actuated by a control loop the control loop adjusts the voltage across the coil.
  • the actual value of the current is used as the control variable compared with one setpoint or several setpoints and used for regulation.
  • the power supply clocked depending on the supply voltage.
  • EP 0 067 936 A2 is a two-point controller known for an electromagnet of a printer hammer, the Switching thresholds depend on the supply voltage. The setpoint of the controller depends on the Supply voltage.
  • the object of the invention is a device for control of an electromechanical actuator that is simple and precise, especially timely, control of the actuator.
  • the invention is characterized by the features of the independent claim solved.
  • the solution is characterized by that a pulse width modulator is provided which the manipulated variable modulated depending on the supply voltage. So is a constant switching time regardless of fluctuations in the Supply voltage guaranteed.
  • the switching time is defined than the amount of time that is needed around the anchor plate from a predetermined rest position against one by the Spring caused spring force to contact the electromagnet bring to.
  • the constant switching time is an important one Advantage because the supply voltage, especially with one Motor vehicle, subject to major fluctuations.
  • Another The advantage is that on an expensive and complex voltage regulator can be dispensed with because the current flow in the Switch-on phase of the controller, i.e. before reaching the control range of the controller, on average regardless of the time Supply voltage is always the same, although only one controller done by the controller.
  • Actuator designed as a gas exchange valve and the actuator arranged in an internal combustion engine. So are constant Switching times of the gas exchange valve regardless of the supply voltage and thus a low-consumption and low-emission Operation of the internal combustion engine guaranteed.
  • An actuator 1 ( Figure 1) comprises an actuator 11 and an actuator, for example as a gas exchange valve and a shaft 121 and a plate 122 Has.
  • the actuator 11 has a housing 111 in which a first Electromagnet is arranged.
  • the first electromagnet has a first core 112. In an annular groove of the first A first coil 113 is embedded in the core 112.
  • the first Core 112 has a recess 114a, which acts as a guide for the Shaft 121 serves.
  • An anchor plate 115 is in the housing 111 movably arranged to the first core 112.
  • a first one Spring 116a tensions the anchor plate into a predetermined rest position R before.
  • Actuator 1 is rigidly connected to a cylinder head 21.
  • the cylinder head 21 is an intake port 22 and a cylinder 23 associated with a piston 24.
  • the piston 24 is coupled to a crankshaft 26 via a connecting rod 25.
  • a control device 4 is provided, the signals from sensors detected and control signals for the actuator 11 generated.
  • the sensors are preferably used as a position transmitter 5, which detects a position X of the anchor plate 115 as a first ammeter 7a, which is the actual value I AV1 of the current the first coil 113 detected as a speed sensor 27, the Speed N of the crankshaft 26 detected, or as a load detection sensor 28, which is preferably an air mass meter or is a pressure sensor.
  • a load detection sensor 28 which is preferably an air mass meter or is a pressure sensor.
  • a voltage source 8 is provided, preferably as Generator, as a battery or as a parallel connection of the Generator and the battery is formed and the one supply voltage generated.
  • the control device 4 comprises one Regulator, which preferably as a two-point regulator 41 Hysteresis is formed, the controlled variable of the current through is the coil 113 and the manipulated variable is a voltage, which is applied to the coil 113.
  • the manipulated variable that is in the time course is a voltage signal is from a Pulse width modulator 42 depending on the supply voltage modulated.
  • the modulated voltage signal is then one Driver 7a fed, which amplifies it and the first coil 113 feeds.
  • FIG. 2a shows the time profile of the carrier signal S T of the pulse width modulator 42.
  • Figure 2 b shows the time course of the modulated and amplified voltage signal U1
  • Figure 2 c shows the associated Course of the actual value I_AV of the current through the first Coil 113.
  • Figure 2d shows the time course of the position X of the anchor plate 115.
  • the setpoint value of the current through the first coil 113 is a predetermined catch current I_F.
  • armature plate 115 comes into contact with first core 112.
  • the setpoint value of the current through first coil 113 is a predetermined holding current I_H.
  • the two-point controller 41 with hysteresis accordingly specifies a voltage pulse as a voltage signal from the time t 1 to the time t 5 , which is modulated with the carrier signal S T and then amplified by the driver 7a, so that the curve shown in FIG. 2b changes from the time t 1 to t 5 results.
  • the amplified and modulated voltage signal U1 is applied to the coil 113.
  • the resulting actual value I_AV of the current can be clearly seen in FIG. 2c.
  • the actual value I_AV of the current fluctuates from a time t 1 to a time t 5 around the time profile (dotted curve), as it results when the supply voltage has the minimum value U_Min.
  • the anchor plate 115 comes into contact with the first core 112 at the time t 5a. From the time t 6 to the time t 7 , the setpoint I_SP1 of the current through the coil is the holding current I_H. Time t 6 is preferably chosen so that it is as close as possible to time t 5a . The impact of the anchor plate 115 is preferably determined by evaluating the position X. In a simple embodiment, the time interval between the times t 1 and t 6 can also be an experimentally determined, predetermined value.
  • the setpoint value of the current through the first coil 113 changes from zero to the capture current I_F.
  • the supply voltage has the minimum value U_Min.
  • the pulse width T P of the carrier signal S T is therefore equal to the period T T.
  • the carrier signal S T accordingly has a constant value from the time t 8 to the time t 12 .
  • the time profile of the modulated and amplified voltage signal Ül corresponds to the voltage signal from time t 8 to time t 12 except for the change in amplitude caused by the amplification, that is to say the time profile of the manipulated variable of the two-point controller 41 to the system with the first core 112.
  • the setpoint I_SP1 of the current through the coil 113 is the holding current I_H.
  • the switching time which is determined by the time required to bring the armature plate from its open position, which corresponds to the rest position R in this exemplary embodiment, into its closed position C, that is to say in contact with the first electromagnet, is therefore independent of that Value of the supply voltage and approximately constant.
  • the time interval between the times t 1 and t 5a and between the times t 8 and t 10 is approximately the same. This is an important advantage, since a precise switching duration is a prerequisite for precise charge control for the cylinder 23.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further arrangement of the preferred embodiment of the actuator 1 with a further embodiment the control device 4 'according to the invention.
  • the actuator 11 differs from that in FIG. 1 in that that it has a second electromagnet with a second core 117 and a second coil 118.
  • the second Core 117 has a recess 114b, which also serves as a guide for the Shaft 121 serves.
  • the anchor plate 115 is in the housing 111 moveable between the first core 112 and the second core 117 arranged.
  • the first spring 116a and the second spring 116b tension the anchor plate in a predetermined rest position R before.
  • the control device 4 'differs from the control device according to FIG. 1, a further two-point controller 43 with hysteresis, whose controlled variable is the current through the second coil 118 and the manipulated variable is one Voltage that is applied to the second coil 118.
  • the two-point controller 43 generates a further voltage signal, another pulse width modulator 44 as a modulation signal is fed.
  • the further voltage signal is in the further pulse width modulator 44 as well as in the pulse width modulator 42 modulated and then by driver 7b strengthened.
  • the second coil 118 is modulated with the further one and corrected voltage signal.
  • the first or second coil only with a significantly lower capture current I_F be applied because the spring-mass system can oscillate and only losses due to friction can be compensated have to.
  • the actuator can also be used as an injection valve be trained.
  • the control device 4, 4 ' can be designed as a microcontroller, but it can also a logic circuit or an analog circuit arrangement include.
  • the controller or the further controller can for example also as a single-point controller with a timer or be designed as a pulse width modulation controller.

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for controlling an electromechanical setting device, comprising a final setting element and a setting drive mechanism. Said setting drive mechanism comprises an electromagnet which has a core (112) and a coil (113). The setting drive also has a moveable anchor plate (115). A controller is provided, the control variable of said controller being the current through the coil (113) and the setting variable being a voltage which is applied to said coil. A source of voltage (8) is also provided to produce the supply current. A pulse duration modulator (42) modulates the setting variable in dependence on the supply voltage.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zum Steuern eines elektromechanischen Stellgeräts gemäß dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs. Sie betrifft insbesondere ein Stellgerät zum Steuern einer Brennkraftmaschine.The invention relates to a device for controlling a electromechanical actuator according to the preamble of the independent Claim. It particularly affects one Actuator for controlling an internal combustion engine.

Ein bekanntes Stellgerät (EP 0 400 389 A2) hat ein Stellglied und einen Stellantrieb. Der Stellantrieb umfaßt einen Elektromagneten mit einem Kern und einer Spule. Der Elektromagnet ist in einem Gehäuse angeordnet. Eine Ankerplatte ist beweglich zu dem ersten Elektromagneten angeordnet und ist durch eine Feder in eine vorgegebene Ruheposition vorgespannt. Um die Ankerplatte aus ihrer Ruheposition in Anlage mit dem ersten Elektromagneten zu bringen, wird die Spule mit einem Anzugsstrom erregt. Der Anzugsstrom bewirkt eine elektromagnetische Kraft, die die Ankerplatte gegen eine durch die Feder bewirkte Kraft an den Elektromagneten zieht. Dem Stellgerät ist ein Zweipunkteregler mit Hysterese zugeordnet, dessen Regelgröße der Strom durch die Spule ist und dessen Stellgröße ein pulsförmiges Spannungssignal ist, das an der Spule angelegt wird.A known actuator (EP 0 400 389 A2) has an actuator and an actuator. The actuator includes an electromagnet with a core and a coil. The electromagnet is arranged in a housing. An anchor plate is movable arranged to the first electromagnet and is by a spring biased into a predetermined rest position. Around the anchor plate from its rest position in contact with the first Bringing electromagnets to the coil with a pull-in current excited. The pull-in current causes an electromagnetic Force the anchor plate against one by the spring caused force pulls on the electromagnet. The actuator is assigned a two-point controller with hysteresis, its controlled variable is the current through the coil and its manipulated variable is a pulse-shaped voltage signal that is applied to the coil becomes.

Aus der EP 0 669 457 A1 ist eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung bekannt, bei der ein Magnetventil vorgesehen ist, bei dem die Ventilankerplatte durch einen Regelkreis betätigt wird, wobei der Regelkreis die Spannung an der Spule einstellt. Hierbei wird als Regelgröße der Ist-Wert des Stroms mit einem Sollwert bzw. mehreren Sollwerten verglichen und zur Regelung eingesetzt. Zusätzlich wird die Stromversorgung in Abhängigkeit von der Versorgungsspannung getaktet. EP 0 669 457 A1 describes a fuel injection device known in which a solenoid valve is provided at which the valve anchor plate is actuated by a control loop the control loop adjusts the voltage across the coil. The actual value of the current is used as the control variable compared with one setpoint or several setpoints and used for regulation. In addition, the power supply clocked depending on the supply voltage.

Weiterhin ist aus der EP 0 067 936 A2 ein Zweipunkt-Regler für einen Elektromagneten eines Druckerhammers bekannt, dessen Schaltschwellen abhängig sind von der Versorgungsspannung. Der Sollwert des Reglers ist dabei abhängig von der Versorgungsspannung.Furthermore, EP 0 067 936 A2 is a two-point controller known for an electromagnet of a printer hammer, the Switching thresholds depend on the supply voltage. The setpoint of the controller depends on the Supply voltage.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Einrichtung zum Steuern eines elektromechanischen Stellgeräts zu schaffen, die einfach ist und ein genaues, insbesondere zeitgenaues, steuern des Stellgeräts gewährleistet.The object of the invention is a device for control of an electromechanical actuator that is simple and precise, especially timely, control of the actuator.

Die Erfindung wird durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs gelöst. Die Lösung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß ein Pulsbreitenmodulator vorgesehen ist, der die Stellgröße abhängig von der Versorgungsspannung moduliert. So ist eine konstante Schaltdauer unabhängig von Schwankungen der Versorgungsspannung gewährleistet. Die Schaltdauer ist definiert als die Zeitdauer, die benötigt wird um die Ankerplatte von einer vorgegebenen Ruheposition entgegen einer durch die Feder bewirkte Federkraft zur Anlage mit dem Elektromagneten zu bringen. Die konstante Schaltdauer ist ein gewichtiger Vorteil, da die Versorgungsspannung, insbesondere bei einem Kraftfahrzeug, größeren Schwankungen unterliegt. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist, daß auf einen teueren und aufwendigen Spannungsregler verzichtet werden kann, da der Stromverlauf in der Einschaltphase des Reglers, also vor Erreichen des Regelbereichs des Reglers, im zeitlichen Mittel unabhängig von der Versorgungsspannung immer gleich ist, obwohl nur eine Steuerung durch den Regler erfolgt.The invention is characterized by the features of the independent claim solved. The solution is characterized by that a pulse width modulator is provided which the manipulated variable modulated depending on the supply voltage. So is a constant switching time regardless of fluctuations in the Supply voltage guaranteed. The switching time is defined than the amount of time that is needed around the anchor plate from a predetermined rest position against one by the Spring caused spring force to contact the electromagnet bring to. The constant switching time is an important one Advantage because the supply voltage, especially with one Motor vehicle, subject to major fluctuations. Another The advantage is that on an expensive and complex voltage regulator can be dispensed with because the current flow in the Switch-on phase of the controller, i.e. before reaching the control range of the controller, on average regardless of the time Supply voltage is always the same, although only one controller done by the controller.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Stellglied als Gaswechselventil ausgebildet und das Stellgerät in einer Brennkraftmaschine angeordnet. So sind kontante Schaltdauern des Gaswechselventils unabhängig von der Versorgungsspannung und damit ein verbrauchsarmer und emissionsarmer Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine gewährleistet.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention Actuator designed as a gas exchange valve and the actuator arranged in an internal combustion engine. So are constant Switching times of the gas exchange valve regardless of the supply voltage and thus a low-consumption and low-emission Operation of the internal combustion engine guaranteed.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are in marked the subclaims.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind anhand der schematischen Zeichungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Anordnung eines Stellgeräts mit einer ersten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zum Steuern des Stellgeräts in einer Brennkraftmaschine,
Figur 2
Signalverläufe, aufgetragen über die Zeit t,
Figur 3
eine weitere Anordnung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Stellgeräts mit einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zum Steuern des Stellgeräts.
Elemente gleicher Konstruktion und Funktion sind figurenübergreifend mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the schematic drawings. Show it:
Figure 1
an arrangement of an actuator with a first embodiment of the device according to the invention for controlling the actuator in an internal combustion engine,
Figure 2
Waveforms, plotted over time t,
Figure 3
a further arrangement of a preferred embodiment of the actuator with a further embodiment of the device according to the invention for controlling the actuator.
Elements of the same construction and function are provided with the same reference symbols in all figures.

Ein Stellgerät 1 (Figur 1) umfaßt einen Stellantrieb 11 und ein Stellglied, das beispielsweise als ein Gaswechselventil ausgebildet ist und einen Schaft 121 und einen Teller 122 hat. Der Stellantrieb 11 hat ein Gehäuse 111, in dem ein erste Elektromagnet angeordnet ist. Der erste Elektromagnet hat einen ersten Kern 112. In einer ringförmigen Nut des ersten Kerns 112 ist eine erste Spule 113 eingebettet. Der erste Kern 112 hat eine Ausnehmung 114a, die als Führung des Schafts 121 dient. Eine Ankerplatte 115 ist in dem Gehäuse 111 beweglich zu dem ersten Kern 112 angeordnet. Eine erste Feder 116a spannt die Ankerplatte in eine vorgegebene Ruheposition R vor.An actuator 1 (Figure 1) comprises an actuator 11 and an actuator, for example as a gas exchange valve and a shaft 121 and a plate 122 Has. The actuator 11 has a housing 111 in which a first Electromagnet is arranged. The first electromagnet has a first core 112. In an annular groove of the first A first coil 113 is embedded in the core 112. The first Core 112 has a recess 114a, which acts as a guide for the Shaft 121 serves. An anchor plate 115 is in the housing 111 movably arranged to the first core 112. A first one Spring 116a tensions the anchor plate into a predetermined rest position R before.

Das Stellgerät 1 ist mit einem Zylinderkopf 21 starr verbunden. Dem Zylinderkopf 21 ist ein Ansaugkanal 22 und ein Zylinder 23 mit einem Kolben 24 zugeordnet. Der Kolben 24 ist über eine Pleuelstange 25 mit einer Kurbelwelle 26 gekoppelt.Actuator 1 is rigidly connected to a cylinder head 21. The cylinder head 21 is an intake port 22 and a cylinder 23 associated with a piston 24. The piston 24 is coupled to a crankshaft 26 via a connecting rod 25.

Eine Steuereinrichtung 4 ist vorgesehen, die Signale von Sensoren erfaßt und Stellsignale für den Stellantrieb 11 erzeugt. Die Sensoren sind vorzugsweise als ein Positionsgeber 5, der eine Position X der Ankerplatte 115 erfaßt, als ein erster Strommesser 7a, der den Istwert I AV1 des Stroms durch die erste Spule 113 erfaßt, als ein Drehzahlgeber 27, der die Drehzahl N der Kurbelwelle 26 erfaßt, oder als ein Lasterfassungssensor 28, der vorzugsweise ein Luftmassenmesser oder ein Drucksensor ist, ausgebildet. Neben den erwähnten Sensoren können auch weitere Sensoren vorhanden sein.A control device 4 is provided, the signals from sensors detected and control signals for the actuator 11 generated. The sensors are preferably used as a position transmitter 5, which detects a position X of the anchor plate 115 as a first ammeter 7a, which is the actual value I AV1 of the current the first coil 113 detected as a speed sensor 27, the Speed N of the crankshaft 26 detected, or as a load detection sensor 28, which is preferably an air mass meter or is a pressure sensor. In addition to the sensors mentioned there may also be other sensors.

Eine Spannungsquelle 8 ist vorgesehen, die vorzugsweise als Generator, als Batterie oder als eine Parallelschaltung des Generators und der Batterie ausgebildet ist und die eine Versorgungsspannung erzeugt. Die Steuereinrichtung 4 umfaßt einen Regler, der vorzugsweise als ein Zweipunktregler 41 mit Hysterese ausgebildet ist, dessen Regelgröße der Strom durch die Spule 113 ist und dessen Stellgröße eine Spannung ist, die an der Spule 113 angelegt wird. Die Stellgröße, die im zeitlichen Verlauf ein Spannungssignal ist, wird von einem Pulsbreitenmodulator 42 abhängig von der Versorgungsspannung moduliert. Das modulierte Spannungssignal wird dann einem Treiber 7a zugeführt, der es verstärkt und der ersten Spule 113 zuführt.A voltage source 8 is provided, preferably as Generator, as a battery or as a parallel connection of the Generator and the battery is formed and the one supply voltage generated. The control device 4 comprises one Regulator, which preferably as a two-point regulator 41 Hysteresis is formed, the controlled variable of the current through is the coil 113 and the manipulated variable is a voltage, which is applied to the coil 113. The manipulated variable that is in the time course is a voltage signal is from a Pulse width modulator 42 depending on the supply voltage modulated. The modulated voltage signal is then one Driver 7a fed, which amplifies it and the first coil 113 feeds.

In Figur 2 sind Signalverläufe aufgetragen über die Zeit t. Figur 2a zeigt den zeitlichen Verlauf des Trägersignals ST des Pulsbreitenmodulators 42. Das Trägersignal ST ist eine Impulsfolge mit einer Periodendauer TT und einer Pulsbreite TP, die abhängt von der Versorgungsspannung. Hat die Versorgungsspannung den Maximalwert U_Max, so hat die Pulsbreite TP einen minimalen Wert (z.B. 0,8 • TT). Hat die Versorgungsspannung hingegen den Minimalwert U_Min der Versorgungsspannung, so hat die Pulsbreite TP einen maximalen Wert (z.B TP = TT). Hat die Versorgungsspannung einen Wert zwischen dem Maximalwert U_MAX und dem Minimalwert U_MIN, so ist der Wert der Pulsbreite TP zwischen dem minimalen und dem maximalen Wert.In Figure 2, waveforms are plotted over time t. FIG. 2a shows the time profile of the carrier signal S T of the pulse width modulator 42. The carrier signal S T is a pulse sequence with a period T T and a pulse width T P , which depends on the supply voltage. If the supply voltage has the maximum value U_Max, the pulse width T P has a minimum value (for example 0.8 • T T ). If, on the other hand, the supply voltage has the minimum value U_Min of the supply voltage, the pulse width T P has a maximum value (for example T P = T T ). If the supply voltage has a value between the maximum value U_MAX and the minimum value U_MIN, the value of the pulse width T P is between the minimum and the maximum value.

Figur 2 b zeigt den zeitlichen Verlauf des modulierten und verstärkten Spannungssignals U1 Figur 2 c zeigt den zugehörigen Verlauf des Istwertes I_AV des Stroms durch die erste Spule 113. Figur 2d zeigt den zeitlichen Verlauf der Position X der Ankerplatte 115.Figure 2 b shows the time course of the modulated and amplified voltage signal U1 Figure 2 c shows the associated Course of the actual value I_AV of the current through the first Coil 113. Figure 2d shows the time course of the position X of the anchor plate 115.

Von einem Zeitpunkt t1 bis t6 ist der Sollwert des Stroms durch die erste Spule 113 ein vorgegebener Fangstrom I_F. Zum Zeitpunkt t5a kommt die Ankerplatte 115 zur Anlage mit dem ersten Kern 112. Von dem Zeitpunkt t6 bis t7 ist dann der Sollwert des Stroms durch die erste Spule 113 ein vorgegebener Haltestrom I_H. Der Zweipunktregler 41 mit Hysterese gibt demnach vom Zeitpunkt t1 bis zum Zeitpunkt t5 als Spannungssignal einen Spannungspuls vor, der mit dem Trägersignal ST moduliert wird und dann von dem Treiber 7a verstärkt wird, so daß sich der in Figur 2b dargestellte Verlauf vom Zeitpunkt t1 bis t5 ergibt. Die Spule 113 wird mit dem verstärkten und modulierten Spannungssignal U1 beaufschlagt. In Figur 2c ist der daraus resultierende Istwert I_AV des Stroms deutlich erkennbar. Der Istwert I_AV des Stroms schwingt von einem Zeitpunkt t1 bis zu einem Zeitpunkt t5 um den zeitlichen Verlauf (gepunktete Kurve), wie er sich ergibt, wenn die Versorgungsspannung den Minimalwert U_Min aufweist.From a point in time t 1 to t 6 , the setpoint value of the current through the first coil 113 is a predetermined catch current I_F. At time t 5a , armature plate 115 comes into contact with first core 112. From time t 6 to t 7 , the setpoint value of the current through first coil 113 is a predetermined holding current I_H. The two-point controller 41 with hysteresis accordingly specifies a voltage pulse as a voltage signal from the time t 1 to the time t 5 , which is modulated with the carrier signal S T and then amplified by the driver 7a, so that the curve shown in FIG. 2b changes from the time t 1 to t 5 results. The amplified and modulated voltage signal U1 is applied to the coil 113. The resulting actual value I_AV of the current can be clearly seen in FIG. 2c. The actual value I_AV of the current fluctuates from a time t 1 to a time t 5 around the time profile (dotted curve), as it results when the supply voltage has the minimum value U_Min.

Zum Zeitpunkt t5a kommt die Ankerplatte 115 zur Anlage mit dem ersten Kern 112. Von dem Zeitpunkt t6 bis zu dem Zeitpunkt t7 ist der Sollwert I_SP1 des Stroms durch die Spule der Haltestrom I_H. Der Zeitpunkt t6 ist vorzugsweise so gewählt, daß er möglichst nahe bei dem Zeitpunkt t5a liegt. Das Auftreffen der Ankerplatte 115 wird vorzugsweise durch ein Auswerten der Position X ermittelt. In einer einfachen Ausführungsform kann der zeitliche Abstand zwischen den Zeitpunkten t1 und t6 auch ein experimentell bestimmter fest vorgegebener Wert sein.The anchor plate 115 comes into contact with the first core 112 at the time t 5a. From the time t 6 to the time t 7 , the setpoint I_SP1 of the current through the coil is the holding current I_H. Time t 6 is preferably chosen so that it is as close as possible to time t 5a . The impact of the anchor plate 115 is preferably determined by evaluating the position X. In a simple embodiment, the time interval between the times t 1 and t 6 can also be an experimentally determined, predetermined value.

Zu einem Zeitpunkt t8 wechselt der Sollwert des Stroms durch die erste Spule 113 von null auf den Fangstrom I_F. Von dem Zeitpunkt t8 bis zu einem Zeitpunkt t12 hat die Versorgungsspannung den Minimalwert U_Min. Die Pulsbreite TP des Trägersignals ST ist demnach gleich der Periodendauer TT. Das Trägersignal ST hat demnach vom Zeitpunkt t8 bis zu dem Zeitpunkt t12 einen konstanten Wert. Der der zeitliche Verlauf des modulierten und verstärkten Spannungssignals Ül entspricht vom Zeitpunkt t8 bis zum Zeitpunkt t12 bis auf die durch die Verstärkung bewirkte Änderung der Amplitude dem Spannungssignal, also dem zeitlichen Verlauf der Stellgröße des Zweipunktreglers 41. Zu dem Zeitpunkt kommt die Ankerplatte 115 zur Anlage mit dem ersten Kern 112. Von dem Zeitpunkt t10a bis zu dem Zeitpunkt t12 ist der Sollwert I_SP1 des Stroms durch die Spule 113 der Haltestrom I_H.At a time t 8 , the setpoint value of the current through the first coil 113 changes from zero to the capture current I_F. From time t 8 to time t 12 , the supply voltage has the minimum value U_Min. The pulse width T P of the carrier signal S T is therefore equal to the period T T. The carrier signal S T accordingly has a constant value from the time t 8 to the time t 12 . The time profile of the modulated and amplified voltage signal Ül corresponds to the voltage signal from time t 8 to time t 12 except for the change in amplitude caused by the amplification, that is to say the time profile of the manipulated variable of the two-point controller 41 to the system with the first core 112. From the time t 10a to the time t 12 , the setpoint I_SP1 of the current through the coil 113 is the holding current I_H.

Die Schaltdauer, die durch die Zeitdauer bestimmt ist, die benötigt wird um die Ankerplatte von ihrer Offenposition, die in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel der Ruheposition R entspricht, in ihre Schließposition C, d. h. in Anlage mit dem ersten Elektromagneten, zu bringen, ist demnach unabhängig von dem Wert der Versorgungsspannung und in etwa konstant. So ist der zeitliche Abstand zwischen den Zeitpunkten t1 und t5a und zwischen den Zeitpunkten t8 und t10 in etwa gleich. Dies ist ein gewichtiger Vorteil, da eine präzise Schaltdauer eine Voraussetzung für eine genaue Füllungssteuerung für den Zylinder 23 ist.The switching time, which is determined by the time required to bring the armature plate from its open position, which corresponds to the rest position R in this exemplary embodiment, into its closed position C, that is to say in contact with the first electromagnet, is therefore independent of that Value of the supply voltage and approximately constant. The time interval between the times t 1 and t 5a and between the times t 8 and t 10 is approximately the same. This is an important advantage, since a precise switching duration is a prerequisite for precise charge control for the cylinder 23.

In Figur 3 ist eine weitere Anordnung der bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Stellgeräts 1 mit einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Steuereinrichtung 4' dargestellt. Der Stellantrieb 11 unterscheidet sich zu dem in Figur 1 dadurch, daß er einen zweiten Elektromagneten aufweist mit einem zweiten Kern 117 und einer zweiten Spule 118. Der zweite Kern 117 hat eine Ausnehmung 114b, die auch als Führung des Schafts 121 dient. Die Ankerplatte 115 ist in dem Gehäuse 111 beweglich zwischen dem ersten Kern 112 und dem zweiten Kern 117 angeordnet. Die erste Feder 116a und die zweite Feder 116b spannen die Ankerplatte in eine vorgegebene Ruheposition R vor.FIG. 3 shows a further arrangement of the preferred embodiment of the actuator 1 with a further embodiment the control device 4 'according to the invention. The actuator 11 differs from that in FIG. 1 in that that it has a second electromagnet with a second core 117 and a second coil 118. The second Core 117 has a recess 114b, which also serves as a guide for the Shaft 121 serves. The anchor plate 115 is in the housing 111 moveable between the first core 112 and the second core 117 arranged. The first spring 116a and the second spring 116b tension the anchor plate in a predetermined rest position R before.

Die Steuereinrichtung 4' weist im Unterschied der Steuereinrichtung gemäß Figur 1 noch zusätzlich einen weiteren Zweipunktregler 43 mit Hysterese auf, dessen Regelgröße der Strom durch die zweite Spule 118 ist und dessen Stellgröße eine Spannung ist, mit der die zweite Spule 118 beaufschlagt wird. Der Zweipunktregler 43 erzeugt ein weiteres Spannungssignal, das einem weiteren Pulsbreitenmodulator 44 als Modulationssignal zugeführt wird. Das weitere Spannungssignal wird in dem weiteren Pulsbreitenmodulator 44 genauso wie in dem Pulsbreitenmodulator 42 moduliert und dann von dem Treiber 7b verstärkt. Die zweite Spule 118 wird mit dem weiteren modulierten und korrigierten Spannungssignal beaufschlagt.The control device 4 'differs from the control device according to FIG. 1, a further two-point controller 43 with hysteresis, whose controlled variable is the current through the second coil 118 and the manipulated variable is one Voltage that is applied to the second coil 118. The two-point controller 43 generates a further voltage signal, another pulse width modulator 44 as a modulation signal is fed. The further voltage signal is in the further pulse width modulator 44 as well as in the pulse width modulator 42 modulated and then by driver 7b strengthened. The second coil 118 is modulated with the further one and corrected voltage signal.

Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel muß die erste oder zweite Spule jeweils nur mit einem wesentlich geringeren Fangstrom I_F beaufschlagt werden, da das Feder-Masse-System schwingfähig ist und nur die Verluste durch Reibung kompensiert werden müssen.In this embodiment, the first or second coil only with a significantly lower capture current I_F be applied because the spring-mass system can oscillate and only losses due to friction can be compensated have to.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt. Beispielsweise kann das Stellglied auch als Einspritzventil ausgebildet sein. Die Steuereinrichtung 4, 4' kann als ein Mikrocontroller ausgebildet sein, sie kann aber ebenso eine Logikschaltung oder eine Analogschaltungsanordnung umfassen. Der Regler oder der weitere Regler können beispielsweise auch als ein Einpunktregler mit einem Zeitglied oder als ein Pulsweitenmodulations-Regler ausgebildet sein.The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments. For example, the actuator can also be used as an injection valve be trained. The control device 4, 4 ' can be designed as a microcontroller, but it can also a logic circuit or an analog circuit arrangement include. The controller or the further controller can for example also as a single-point controller with a timer or be designed as a pulse width modulation controller.

Claims (4)

  1. Device for controlling an electromechanical actuator, which has a final controlling element and a positioning drive with a movable armature (117) and with an electromagnet which has a core (112) and a coil (113), whereby a controller is provided whose control variable is the current through the coil (113) and whose correcting variable is a voltage applied to the coil (113), whereby
    a voltage source (8) is provided which generates a supply voltage, and
    a pulse width modulator (42) is provided,
    characterised in that the pulse width modulator modulates the correcting variable based on a step change in the setpoint value of the controller at least until the actual value of the controller relative to the supply voltage reaches the setpoint value.
  2. Device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the final controlling element has a further electromagnet, which has a further core (117) and a further coil (118) and which is arranged at a given distance from the electromagnet, in that a further controller is provided whose control variable is the current through the further coil (118) and whose correcting variable is a voltage which is applied to the further coil (118), and in that a further pulse width modulator (44) is provided which modulates the correcting variable relative to the supply voltage.
  3. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the correcting variable takes the form of a gas exchange valve.
  4. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the controller takes the form of a two-state controller (41, 43) with hysteresis.
EP98933511A 1997-06-06 1998-05-12 Device for controlling an electromechanical setting device Expired - Lifetime EP0986703B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE19723931 1997-06-06
DE19723931A DE19723931A1 (en) 1997-06-06 1997-06-06 Device for controlling an electromechanical actuator
PCT/DE1998/001318 WO1998055748A2 (en) 1997-06-06 1998-05-12 Device for controlling an electromechanical setting device

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EP0986703A2 EP0986703A2 (en) 2000-03-22
EP0986703B1 true EP0986703B1 (en) 2002-10-02

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JP2002506566A (en) 2002-02-26
DE59805814D1 (en) 2002-11-07
WO1998055748A2 (en) 1998-12-10
US6297941B1 (en) 2001-10-02
DE19723931A1 (en) 1998-12-10
EP0986703A2 (en) 2000-03-22

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