EP0980620A2 - Messagerie par reseaux telephoniques independante de l'heure d'appel - Google Patents

Messagerie par reseaux telephoniques independante de l'heure d'appel

Info

Publication number
EP0980620A2
EP0980620A2 EP98915061A EP98915061A EP0980620A2 EP 0980620 A2 EP0980620 A2 EP 0980620A2 EP 98915061 A EP98915061 A EP 98915061A EP 98915061 A EP98915061 A EP 98915061A EP 0980620 A2 EP0980620 A2 EP 0980620A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
telephone
code
message
call
caller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98915061A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0980620A4 (fr
Inventor
Shaul Shalev
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ultop Systems Ltd
Original Assignee
Ultop Systems Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from IL12070297A external-priority patent/IL120702A0/xx
Application filed by Ultop Systems Ltd filed Critical Ultop Systems Ltd
Publication of EP0980620A2 publication Critical patent/EP0980620A2/fr
Publication of EP0980620A4 publication Critical patent/EP0980620A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M9/00—Arrangements for interconnection not involving centralised switching
    • H04M9/06—Arrangements for interconnection not involving centralised switching involving combinations of interconnecting lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/57—Arrangements for indicating or recording the number of the calling subscriber at the called subscriber's set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M15/00—Arrangements for metering, time-control or time indication ; Metering, charging or billing arrangements for voice wireline or wireless communications, e.g. VoIP
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/02—Calling substations, e.g. by ringing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/22—Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing
    • H04M3/36—Statistical metering, e.g. recording occasions when traffic exceeds capacity of trunks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communicating data on land-line or cellular telephone networks.
  • Mobile services such as, for example, trucking, courier and delivery services are required to maintain some form of communication channel with their dispatcher in order to receive instructions on the one hand, and to update the dispatcher as to their location and service activities, on the other.
  • Stationary services such as, for example, vending machines, may also require a similar communication channel.
  • Such communication channels can be realized, for example, using existing telephone networks, both wired and cellular, radio communication equipment and pagers.
  • Customized pagers are particularly popular.
  • Such pagers use short messaging triggers in which each message is compressed to correspond to a given short code.
  • Services having a large fleet of monitored equipment such as vehicles, in the case of mobile equipment, or vending machines, in the case of stationary equipment, can reduce data communication costs by using customized pagers.
  • communication costs can only be minimized but not completely eliminated.
  • telephone messages can be coded, but again this can only minimize connect time costs, but not eliminate them.
  • IN - Intelligent Network A telephone network, land-line or cellular, based on intelligent network switches that generate signalling according to a predefined protocol which enables intelligent filtering of a call, depending on at least its source (caller) and its target (recipient) by generating a "ring" at the called station.
  • CN Conventional Network - A telephone network, land-line or cellular, which does not include intelligent network signalling of the switches.
  • Caller - a communicating party that places a call.
  • Beginning-of-Call the earliest event at which a receiver can detect a call.
  • Clock trigger - a signal during a call procedure taken as a reference point in time from which a duration of the call is measured.
  • any "ring” could be used as a clock trigger, as well as the beginning-of-call as defined above.
  • Message Code - a code specifying in sufficient details (upon decoding) the contents of a specific message.
  • Caller Identity Code - a code specifying in sufficient details the identification of a message source.
  • MAT Message Arrival Time
  • Message Time of Relevance (MTR) - the time of relevance of a message data. That is, the time at which the reported event happened.
  • IDM Identified Message
  • ACKnowledge (ACK) confirmation of correct receipt by a message recipient.
  • NACK Not ACKnowledge
  • Partial ACKnowledge (PACK) - recipient signal for a message that was received correctly but not in full.
  • AMP Active Messaging Party
  • PAP Passive Messaging Party
  • REG REGistration
  • Modem or Line Interface an electronic board which can receive and transmit calls and generate “rings” accordingly, including switching a given line response tone from Tree " to "busy " and vice-versa.
  • Busy /Free tone generator B/FTG - a module, hardware and/or software, which can command a line to switch from “free” to "busy” states or vice- versa.
  • the B/FTG can be a pure software module.
  • POL Polling
  • Line index - a number indicative of a telephone line.
  • a line index therefore also corresponds to the telephone number associated with the telephone line.
  • Time-out - a predetermined time allotted to a caller for transmitting the elements of a message code. If the time-out is exceeded then the message coding (encoding by the sender, decoding by the receiver) procedure is terminated.
  • Time-out procedure - a procedure for terminating a process after time-out has elapsed.
  • the telephone networks can be land-line or cellular, and the transmission of a call by a caller to a recipient can be via any medium including via satellite.
  • the invention in particular, pertains to the communicating of a code between two communicating parties.
  • the code will generally be either a caller identity code, identifying the caller, or a message code representative of a message.
  • No message code is transmitted in the generally accepted understanding of the term. That is, no stream of bits containing the message is actually transmitted from the caller to the recipient along a line, requiring the recipient to answer the call in order to receive the message. In accordance with the present invention a call is never answered.
  • the code is communicated by the recipient noting which recipient telephone lines are called and if more than one line is called in which order they are called.
  • the code is commumcated by the recipient noting from which caller telephone lines the at least one call is made and if more than one call is made in which order the calls are made.
  • the code is communicated by the recipient preparing at least one recipient telephone line in a given state and wherein the caller notes the state of the at least one prepared recipient telephone line.
  • the given state of a recipient telephone line is chosen from amongst the group that includes busy and free states.
  • the at least one call is received at a first time value and wherein the code is commumcated by the recipient noting which recipient telephone lines are called together with the elapsed time between the first time value and disconnection.
  • the at least one call is received at a first time value and wherein the code is commumcated by the recipient noting from which caller telephone lines the at least one call is made together with the elapsed time between the first time value and disconnection.
  • the first time value is the time at which a clock trigger of the call occurred.
  • the telephone networks are intelligent networks.
  • the telephone networks are conventional networks.
  • the network provides a caller identity code which is automatically transmitted on commumcation signals transmitted through the telephone networks when the caller places a call, and which is capable of being automatically decoded from the communication signals.
  • the caller if desired, further provides a caller identity code being provided by the caller calling recipient telephone lines indicative of the caller identity code.
  • a method for communicating that utilizes telephone networks, wherein telephone call are placed but not answered, the method comprising the following steps: placing at least one telephone call by a caller, whereby at least one telephone line is called; receiving at least one telephone call without answering the call by a recipient; and relating the at least one call of the caller to recipient called but not answered telephone number to a given code; the code being indicative of an identified message.
  • a method for communicating that utilizes telephone networks, wherein telephone call are placed but not answered, the method comprising the steps of: placing at least one telephone call by a caller, whereby at least one telephone number is transmitted; receiving at least one telephone number by a recipient in response to the transmitted at least one telephone number, without answering the placed at least one telephone call; and relating the received at least one caller telephone number to a given code; the code being indicative of an identified message.
  • a method for communicating that utilizes telephone networks, wherein telephone call are placed but not answered, and wherein a telephone line state determines authorization for continuation of the method for communicating, authorization being given if the telephone line state is in an "authorization-continue" state; the method comprising the steps of: placing at least one unanswered telephone call by an active caller to at least one passive caller telephone line and upon receiving "authorization-continue” state; placing a series of at least one unanswered telephone call by the active caller to the at least one passive caller line; and noting the telephone line states of the series of at least one unanswered telephone call, whereby a series of states indicative of a message code is obtained, the code being indicative of an identified message.
  • a method for communicating that exploits existing telephone networks, wherein telephone call are placed but not answered, and wherein the time from a first time value till disconnection of the call together with the called line number generates a code-element of a coded message; the method comprising the steps of: placing at least one telephone call by a caller, whereby at least one telephone line is called but not answered; receiving at least one telephone call without answering the call by a recipient; and noting the time from the first time value till disconnection of the call; and relating the at least one call of the caller to recipient called but not answered telephone number together with the time noted from the first time value till disconnection to a given code; the code being indicative of an identified message.
  • a method for communicating that utilizes telephone networks, wherein telephone call are placed but not answered, and wherein the time from a first time value till disconnection of the call together with the calling line number generate a code-element of a coded message; the method comprising the steps of: placing at least one telephone call by a caller, whereby at least one telephone line is called; receiving at least one telephone number by a recipient in response to the transmitted at least one telephone number, without answering the placed at least one telephone call; and noting the time from the first time value till disconnection of the call; and relating the received at least one caller telephone number together with the time noted from the first time value till disconnection to a given code; the code being indicative of an identified message.
  • the first time value is the time at which a clock trigger of the call occurred.
  • a system for communicating between a caller and a recipient via telephone networks comprising: (a) means for the caller placing at least one call from at least one caller telephone line to at least one recipient telephone line;
  • (c) means for determining a message from the communicated code.
  • the code is commumcated by the recipient noting which recipient telephone lines are called and if more than one line is called in which order they are called.
  • the code is communicated by the recipient noting from which caller telephone lines the at least one call is made and if more than one call is made in which order the calls are made.
  • the code is communicated by the recipient preparing at least one recipient telephone line in a given state and wherein the caller notes the state of the at least one prepared recipient telephone line.
  • the given state of a recipient telephone line is chosen from amongst the group of busy and free states.
  • the at least one call is received at a first time value and wherein the code is communicated by the recipient noting which recipient telephone lines are called together with the elapsed time between the first time value and disconnection.
  • the at least one call is received at a first time value and wherein the code is commumcated by the recipient noting from which caller telephone lines the at least one call is made together with the elapsed time between the first time value and disconnection.
  • the first time value is the time at which a clock trigger of the call occurred.
  • the telephone networks are intelligent networks.
  • the telephone networks are conventional networks.
  • the network provides a caller identity code which is automatically transmitted on communication signals transmitted through the telephone networks when the caller places a call, and which is capable of being automatically decoded from the commumcation signals.
  • the caller if desired, further provides a caller identity code being provided by the caller calling recipient telephone lines indicative of the caller identity code.
  • a system for communicating that utilizes telephone networks, wherein telephone call are placed but not answered, the system comprising: means for placing at least one telephone call by a caller, whereby at least one telephone line is called; means for receiving at least one telephone call without answering the call by a recipient; and means for relating the at least one call of the caller to recipient called but not answered telephone number to a given code; the code being indicative of an identified message.
  • a system for communicating that utilizes telephone networks , wherein telephone call are placed but not answered, the system comprising: means for placing at least one telephone call by a caller, whereby at least one telephone number is transmitted; means for receiving at least one telephone number by a recipient in response to the transmitted at least one telephone number, without answering the placed at least one telephone call; and means for relating the received at least one caller telephone number to a given code; the code being indicative of an identified message.
  • a system for communicating that utilizes telephone networks , wherein telephone call are placed but not answered, and wherein a telephone line state determines authorization for continuation of communicating, authorization being given if the telephone line state is in an "authorization-continue" state; the system comprising: means for placing at least one unanswered telephone call by an active caller to at least one passive caller telephone line and upon receiving "authorization- continue" state; means for placing a series of at least one unanswered telephone call by the active caller to the at least one passive caller line; and means for noting the telephone line states of the series of at least one unanswered telephone call, whereby a series of states indicative of a message code is obtained, the code being indicative of an identified message.
  • a system for communicating that exploits existing telephone networks, wherein telephone call are placed but not answered, and wherein the time from a first time value till disconnection of the call together with the called line number generates a code-element of a coded message;
  • the system comprising: means for placing at least one telephone call by a caller, whereby at least one telephone line is called but not answered; means for receiving at least one telephone call without answering the call by a recipient; and noting the time from the first time value till disconnection of the call; and means for relating the at least one call of the caller to recipient called but not answered telephone number together with the time noted from the first time value till disconnection to a given code; the code being indicative of an identified message.
  • a system for communicating that utilizes telephone networks, wherein telephone call are placed but not answered, and wherein the time from a first time value till disconnection of the call together with the calling line number generate a code-element of a coded message;
  • the system comprising the: means for placing at least one telephone call by a caller, whereby at least one telephone line is called; means for receiving at least one telephone number by a recipient in response to the transmitted at least one telephone number, without answering the placed at least one telephone call; and noting the time from the first time value till disconnection of the call; and means for relating the received at least one caller telephone number together with the time noted from the first time value till disconnection to a given code; the code being indicative of an identified message.
  • the first time value is the time at which a clock trigger of the call occurred.
  • An active messaging party is used in the system of the invention for transmitting message codes and a passive messaging party for receiving message codes and for preparing message codes for polling.
  • a typical such device is an automated point of service requiring status reports selected from at least one of the type and quantity of stock and service required for the automated point of service and faults and failures of the automated point of service that are required to be fixed.
  • Another typical such device is a manned point of service requiring status reports selected from at least one of the type and quantity of stock and service required for the manned point of service and faults and failures of the manned point of service that are required to be fixed.
  • Devices requiring status reports of values read from the device are also used in the system of the invention.
  • a typical such device is a utility meter.
  • Also used in a system in accordance with the invention are device commands for applying to a device having a given state.
  • the device command causes a change in the given state.
  • a typical such device command is a controller command for applying to an apparatus having a given state.
  • the controller command causing a change in the given state and the apparatus.
  • Typical examples of such apparatuses are e.g. water valves, traffic lights, electric current swithces and smart house controllers.
  • the ID or LINE number of a given public telephone-network subscriber is based on a unique number of ordered digits. The number of digits of such ID depends (mter alia) on the total number of the network subscribers and its expected growth rate.
  • the network operator together with the subscriber community have a clear preference to keep the line-number as short as possible.
  • many operators take into account that their infrastructure should be able to support a major change of the number system, such as adding a digit to current line-numbers in order to give room to an increase of an order of magmtude in subscriber number.
  • the infrastructure supporting most intelligent networks today particularly the digital ones can be switched from a given number of line -number-digits to a new one, having one character more, in no time, and the IDC coupled to the new numbers will be transmitted to the receiver with the extra digit(s) automatically.
  • the location which stores the caller ID (IDC) on the called ID and which further has free room is referred to herein as "extended identification code" (EIC).
  • the EIC refers to caller telephone number (CEIC) or recipient telephone number (REIC).
  • extended encoding message aspect a currently unused portion of the EIC in intelligent networks will be exploited for increasing the repertoire of messages transmitted between caller and recipient whilst obviating the need to increase correspondingly the number of lines that are allocated for transmitting the extended set of messages.
  • at least one character or other value (constituting a code element of a code portion) that resides in the currently unexploited section of the CEIC field (hereinafter “least significant portion “ (LSP)) is attached to the IDC section and thereby increase the number of messages that may be transmitted.
  • LSP least significant portion
  • the advantage of the proposed scheme resides mainly in its simplicity.
  • the intelligent exchange network will still refer only to the MSP and what remains to be done is for a dedicated device or module to access and extract the relevant LSP and decoding therefrom the desired message.
  • another code element may be an LSP attached to the receiver telephone number (constituting REIC) of the call assuming, of course, that also here there is available a section transparent to the intelligent network.
  • the LSP may be placed at any y location within the x available location.
  • message code may include a succession of elements at least one of which each includes an MSP + LSP where MSP stands for either or both of the called and receiver telephone number and the LSP constituted by one or more free locations. Each location may hold a digit or other code provided that the device that the code may be decoded i.e. it is possible to extract, decode and or obtain therefrom a desired message.
  • the elapsed time between the first time value and disconnection may constitute yet another code element of a code portion in order to further increase the repertoire of possible messages transmitted from the caller to recipient.
  • the order of the elements may, if desired, be significant for encoding messages.
  • This scheme may, if desired, be applicable to more than one line in which one or more telephone lines of the calling telephone lines may constitute a code element (or code elements) and/or one or more telephone lines of the receiving telephone lines may constitute a code element (or code elements), thereby significantly increasing the number of messages without requiring to likewise extend the associated infrastructure.
  • the encoding of messages may thus use in addition to code portion consisting of at least one code elements being an LSP in the manner specified, other types of code portion such as ringing time, calling telephone line receiving telephone line, and possibly others all as required and appropriate.
  • the present invention provides thus for a method for sending an encoded message, selected from a set of at least one message, from at least one telephone line of a calling end to at least one telephone line of receiving end in an intelligent telephone network, comprising:
  • the invention provides for a system for sending an encoded message, selected from a set of at least one message, from at least one telephone line of a calling end to at least one telephone line of receiving end in an intelligent telephone network, comprising: (a) at the calling end, encoder for encoding the message so as to include at least a code portion which is transparent to the intelligent telephone network;
  • router for routing the encoded message via at least one call from at least one of said telephone line of the calling end to at least one of said telephone line of the receiving end; (c) at the receiving end, receiver for receiving but not answering the at least one call and decoding therefrom the encoded message.
  • the invention provides for use in a system of the kind specified: at the calling end, encoder for encoding the message so as to include at least a code portion which is transparent to the intelligent telephone network; router for routing the encoded message via at least one call from at least one of said telephone line of the calling end to at least one of said telephone line of the receiving end.
  • the invention further provides use in a system of the kind specified: at the receiving end, receiver for receiving but not answering the at least one call and decoding therefrom the encoded message.
  • time t on time interval “ ⁇ t” should be construed in the context of the description and appended claims as encompassing also substantially t and substantially ⁇ t.
  • the first time value is the time at which a clock trigger of the call occurred
  • the first time precedes or is delayed by ⁇ t in respect of said clock trigger event.
  • Fig. 1 is an illustrative block diagram of a commumcation scenario for the communication of data between two parties
  • Fig. 2 is an illustrative block diagram of a typical commumcation scenario wherein data is communicated between an operation center and a number of operating points;
  • Fig.3 is an illustrative block diagram showing a caller in commumcation with a recipient via telephone network
  • Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing the principal steps of the method of the invention in accordance with a broad aspect of the invention
  • Fig. 5 is an illustrative block diagram showing generally the modules of an active messaging party unit in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 6 is an illustrative block diagram showing generally the modules of a passive messaging party unit in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 7 is a flow chart showing the principle steps for caller identity code decoding by a receiver utilizing either intelligent or conventional network operations;
  • Fig. 8 is a flow chart showing the principle steps for caller identity code encoding by a caller utilizing either intelligent or conventional network operations;
  • Fig. 9 is a flow chart showing the principle steps of the receiver logic of a multi-line receiver for receiving a message code from a single line active messaging party;
  • Fig. 10 is a flow chart showing the principle steps of a single-line active messaging party logic for transmitting a message code to a multi-line receiver
  • Fig. 11 is a flow chart showing the principle steps of the receiver logic of a single-line receiver for receiving a message code from a multi-line active messaging party;
  • Fig. 12 is a flow chart showing the principle steps of a multi-line active messaging party logic for transmitting a message code to a single-line receiver
  • Fig. 13 is a flow chart showing the principle steps of a multi-line receiver logic for message code poling by a single-line caller
  • Fig. 14 is a flow chart showing the principle steps of a single-line caller logic for message code poling from a multi-line receiver
  • Fig. 15 is a flow chart showing the principle steps of the receiver logic of a single-line receiver for receiving a message code from a multi-line active messaging party
  • Fig. 16 is a flow chart showing the principle steps of a multi-line active messaging party logic for transmitting a message code to a single-line receiver.
  • Fig. 1 showing an illustrative block diagram of a communication scenario for the communication of data between two parties 10 and 12.
  • the communication medium 14 is a telephone network which can be cellular, wired or a combination of both.
  • the telephone network can be a conventional network or an intelligent network or a combination thereof.
  • Either of the parties may be an operation center or an operating point.
  • Communicating parties 10 and 12 may be provided with a plurality of telephone lines, (i.e. they are multi-line systems) or with one telephone line (i.e., they are single-line systems).
  • operation center 16 is a multi-line system and operating points 18 are single-line systems.
  • An operation center is typically, but not necessarily, manned by a dispatcher or service organizer, though it could be a fully automatic computerized system, whereas the operating points could be, for example, vending machines, utility meters, or mobile service personnel required to receive or poll messages from the operation center and to transmit messages to the operation center.
  • Data messaging between two single-line communicating parties is conducted more efficiently over intelligent networks.
  • data is communicated between communicating parties such as 10 and 12, or more specifically between operation center 16 and operating points 18, by a first party calling a telephone line, or telephone lines of a second party without the second party actually answering the call.
  • data is communicated by noting which telephone lines were called, or from which telephone lines the calling was made.
  • Data is also communicated by noting the time elapsed from the first telephone "ring " until disconnection.
  • Data is further communicated by noting the states of called lines, since by setting the called lines at "busy " or "free” a binary code is set up.
  • Fig. 3 shows a caller 20 in communication with a recipient 22 via telephone network 14.
  • Fig. 4 showing the principal steps of the method of the invention in accordance with a broad aspect of the invention for communicating between caller 20 and recipient 22 via telephone network 14.
  • caller 20 places at least one call from at least one caller telephone line to at least one recipient telephone line.
  • recipient 22 receives but does not answer the at least one call placed by the caller, whereby a code is communicated between the caller and the recipient.
  • a message is determined from the communicated message code, e.g. by looking up a look-up table correlating message codes with messages.
  • the code is communicated by recipient 22 noting which recipient telephone lines are called by caller 20 without answering the caller placed calls. Furthermore, if the caller places more than one call, the recipient also notes the order in which the recipient lines are called. The commumcated code is given by the recipient lines called, taking into consideration the order in which they are called. In order to illustrate the method in accordance with the first aspect of the invention, consider the case in which recipient 22 has ten telephone lines and caller 20 calls recipient telephone lines 2, 5, 9 and in that order.
  • each of the numbers from 1 to 10 and each combination of the numbers from 1 to 10 is related to a given message code, known to both caller 20 and recipient 22, then by noting that recipient telephones lines 2, 5, 9 were called, and in that order, recipient 22 has received a message from caller 20 via telephone network 14 without having answered the recipient called telephone lines. Another message would be related to the combination 5, 2, 9. Yet another message would be related to the combination 5, 2 and a further message to a single number, say 4. Therefore , messages can be commumcated between two communicating parties via a telephone network without requiring placed telephone call to be answered. This basic principle of the invention is also utilized in the other aspects of the invention described below.
  • the code is communicated by the recipient noting from which caller telephone lines the recipient lines are called. Furthermore, if the caller places more than one call, the recipient also notes the order in which the calls are made.
  • the further step of the recipient preparing at least one recipient telephone line in either a line-busy or a line-free state. For example, let there be five recipient lines and denote by "0" a line-busy state and by "1" a line-free state. Let the first, second, third, fourth and fifth recipient lines be set at 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, respectively.
  • the caller calls the recipient lines, starting from line one and ending with line five, and notes the state of each line. In this way the caller polls the code 0, 1, 1, 0, 1 from the recipient. A message is then determined from the polled code by relating the code to an a priori known message.
  • a code is commumcated by the recipient noting which recipient telephone lines are called together with the elapsed time between a clock trigger and disconnection.
  • a code is communicated by the recipient noting from which caller telephone line calls are made together with the elapsed time between a clock trigger and disconnection.
  • FIG. 5 showing an illustrative block diagram of the essential modules of an active messaging party unit 50 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Central processing unit 52 is a message code generator (i.e., it is an encoder). In most cases 52 operates as an interpreter transforming a message into an ordered list of telephone numbers to be dialed serially by Commumcation Controller 54 which utilizes at least one modem or line interface 56 connected to an associated line. It should be noted that a single modem or line interface is fully sufficient for the active messaging party unit's operation including the polling of a message from a passive messaging party. However, several modem or line interface's, each connected to its associated line, makes the active messaging party unit's operation more efficient, particularly when it is used as a receiver as well as a transmitter.
  • Intelligent Network-Data-Decoder 58 (relevant only for Intelligent Network operations) demodulates the caller identity code and message arrival time data, modulated by the network operator at the network switches, usually, but not necessarily, between the first and second rings, and transfers them both to communication controller 54 that filters out "illegal calling lines", that is, calling telephone numbers not registered as participating members of the connection-time free coding system. It should be noted that in the case of digital networks, the intelligent network data is decoded according to a data protocol used by the digital network.
  • Caller identity code / message code decoder 60 constructs the caller identity code (for CN operations only) and the incoming message code and transfer them to the IDM analyzer 62 (a processor) which gives the incoming message its full meaning, consisting of the message source and the message contents.
  • the message code both for incoming and outgoing messages, is preferably constructed from the most significant message element to the least significant message element. Utilizing this feature, a partial message can be decoded even when the messaging procedure has not been fully completed.
  • Passive messaging party polling controller 64 operates in conjunction with communication controller 54 to call a passive messaging party line by line to poll a specially prepared message.
  • Modules 52 through 64 define a pure active messaging party architec- ture.
  • Several extra lines comprising collectively a queuing module and collectively designated by the reference numeral 70 are used for queuing callers in order to avoid mixing of messaging procedures. It should be noted that each of the extra lines is coupled to a "busy"/"free” tone generator enabling communication controller 54 to change the line's state from “free” to "busy " and vice-versa.
  • queuing module 70 is not essential if active messaging party unit 50 does not operate under any circumstances as a polled party in an intelligent network sharing the polled lines with standard data lines.
  • the queuing module is also not essential in intelligent or conventional network operations when the active messaging party receives messages from a single communicating party (typically an operation center).
  • a single communicating party typically an operation center
  • queuing module 70 is always required when operating in conjunction with a conventional network.
  • an intelligent network queuing module 70 is required for acknowledgment and polling purposes only.
  • Queuing module 70 comprises a message-registration line 72, an acknowledge-registration line 74, an answer-line 76 and a polling-registration line 78.
  • the first line to be called by a caller is message-registration line 72. If the line is "free” then the caller can proceed with a desired messaging procedure, whereas if the line is "busy " , then the caller is unauthorized to continue with the messaging procedure and should re-call message-registration line 72 until it is "free” .
  • Polling-registration line 78 is for identifying the caller and signaling the receiver to prepare a message code relevant to the specific caller. It also blocks access for other con-current callers, through switching both message -registration line 72 and polling-registration line 78 to "busy" .
  • Answer-line 76 is used to check if there is a message waiting for the caller. If there is a message waiting then answer-line 76 will be set to "busy", following the caller's interrogation of the registration line.
  • Acknowledge-registration line 74 can be used for finalizing the messaging procedure by a request for an acknowledgment from the receiver, verifying that a correct message code has been received.
  • FIG. 6 showing an illustrative block diagram of the essential modules of a passive messaging party unit 80 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Combined central processing unit and non-volatile memory 82 decodes received message codes, and encodes messages for polling by an active messaging party. Message decoding is conducted utilizing a plurality of data lines 84 (N lines are shown in the figure) each connected to a modem or line interface 86 connected in turn to an associated line. Each of the data lines 84 is coupled to a "busy” I “free” tone generator enabling central processing unit 82 to change the line's state from “free” to "busy” and vice-versa. It is emphasized that the "busy"/"free” tone generators are required only if the receiver is to be polled. Data lines 84 are called serially by an active messaging party.
  • the first line called is the most significant element code and the last line called is the least significant element of the code.
  • the prefix of the code is the caller's identity code, while for intelligent network operations, the calls made by the active messaging party encode the message code only.
  • Queuing module 90 comprises a message-registration line 92, an acknowledge-registration line 94, an answer-line 96 and a polling-registration line 98. Queuing module 90 is used for queuing callers in order to avoid mixing of messaging procedures.
  • Each of the lines 92, 94, 96 and 98 is coupled to a "busy” I" free” tone generator enabling central processing unit 82 to change each one of the lines state's from “free” to “busy” and vice-versa.
  • Lines 92, 94, 96 and 98 are further coupled to modem or line interfaces 102, 104, 106 and 108, respectively.
  • the basic operation of lines 92, 94, 96 and 98 is identical to the basic operation of lines 72, 74, 76 and 78 and its description will therefore not be repeated.
  • the message code registration line is not used for intelligent network operations and the acknowledge registration and answer registration lines are used only if the receiver is a passive messaging party.
  • the polling registration line and the "busy" I "free" tone generators coupled to the N data lines 84 are only used for polling operations.
  • Intelligent network-data-decoder 110 is utilized in the case of intelligent network operations for extracting the caller identity code and message arrival time data, through demodulation or protocol decoding for digital networks, enabling on-line identification of the caller at each line called, and consequently several incoming message codes can be received and decoded simultaneously.
  • Passive messaging parties or an operation center acting mostly as a receiver of calls made by active messaging parties, are normally based on a multiple-line configuration where the number of lines per passive messaging party is based on the principle 'THE MORE THE BETTER" . More lines means greater flexibility in data transceiving procedures and/or shorter transceiving time per message. It should be noted that an active messaging party unit acting as a receiver can be based on the same architecture as that of a passive messaging part such as that shown in Fig. 6. Caller identification is essential as a first stage of any message code decoding.
  • An active messaging party transmitting to a receiver must identify itself to the receiver, and an active messaging party polling a message from another party, must identify itself, so that the other party can prepare a specific message for the current caller.
  • the caller identity code and the message arrival time are normally modulated on the carrier frequency of the communication signal transmitted through the telephone network, usually between the first and second incoming rings, and are directly extracted by a modem or line interface connected to the receiver line called by the caller.
  • Digital networks such as ISDN, for example, transmit the caller identity code as part of the "hand shake" communication protocol between the caller and the recipient.
  • a modem or line interface can be either a suitable modem or an electronic board tailored to extract the caller identity code and the message arrival time through demodulation.
  • the caller identity code is coded as a prefix to the message code.
  • the encoding of a caller identity code is based on a series of calls to the receiver incoming lines.
  • a caller identity code can be encoded by any pre-defined basis.
  • the caller identity code is given by the order in which the incoming lines are called. Assume, for example, that a receiver has ten incoming lines, denoted receiver lines 1 to 10. Assume also that a caller with caller identity code 1707 calls the receiver. In order for the caller to be identified, the caller will call receiver line- 1, then disconnect, then receiver line-7, then disconnect, then receiver line-10, then disconnect, and finally receiver line-7.
  • a receiver having only 10 lines can distinguish between up to 9 callers using one call for the caller identity code, or between up to 99, 999, 9999 callers using 2, 3, 4 calls for the caller identity code, respectively.
  • a receiver having 100 lines can distinguish between up to 99, 9999, 999999, 99999999 callers using 1 ,2 ,3 ,4 calls for the identity caller code, respectively.
  • the identity caller code encoding procedure must be preceded by calling the message code registration line, in the case of sending a message, or the polling-registration line, in the case of polling a message.
  • registration lines will be referred to collectively as registration lines, unless clarification is required as to which of the two lines is involved.
  • the registration line is "free” , then the caller is authorized to proceed with the caller identity code encoding procedure, and the receiver registration line will be switched to "busy” allowing the caller to continue after completion of the caller identity code encoding procedure with a messaging (or polling) procedure without another caller calling at the same time and interfering with the messaging procedure. If, on the other hand, the registration line is "busy” , then the caller is unauthorized to perform a messaging (or polling) procedure and the caller has to continue calling the registration line until it is "free” .
  • a registration line whether it be a message code registration line or a polling registration line, enforces "queuing" on asynchronous callers.
  • Fig. 7 showing a flow chart for caller identity code decoding by a receiver utilizing either intelligent or conventional network operations. If, 200, intelligent network operations are used then at step 202 the received intelligent network data is decoded by demodulation of the incoming call. For digital networks the received intelligent network data is decoded according to a data protocol used by the digital network. At step 204 the caller identity code and message arrival time are generated from the decoded data.
  • the identity code decoding procedure for an intelligent network is now complete and step 206 message decoding or encoding can begin, as required.
  • a registration line (either a message-registration line or a polling-registration line) is called.
  • a "busy"/"free” tone generator switches the registration line to "busy", 212. It is pointed out that if the multi-line receiver uses the same group of data lines for both receiving a message and for the polling procedure, then upon starting either a messaging or polling procedure both the message registration and the polling registration lines should be switched to "busy" until completion of the particular procedure.
  • the receiver uses two separate groups of data lines, one for a messaging procedure and one for a polling procedure, then the queues for the two procedures are non- overlapping and separate, and only the registration line related to the particular procedure in question need by called and set to "busy" .
  • Step 214 the "TIME-OUT' procedure is turned on.
  • Step 216 is a declaration that a caller identity code comprising LI elements is to be decoded element by element.
  • the code element index / is set to zero.
  • Steps 220 to 230 define a loop in which the identity code elements are received.
  • the code element index is increased by 1 and at step 222 a check for "TIME-OUT' is made. If "TIME-OUT' is reached then at step 224 the identity code decoding procedure is terminated and the relevant registration lines (message code and/or polling) are set to "free”. If "TIME-OUT' is not reached then at step 226 the rn ' th receiver line rings.
  • the identity code decoding procedure for a conventional network is now complete and step 206 message decoding or encoding can begin, as required.
  • Fig. 8 showing a flow chart for caller identity code encoding by a caller utilizing either intelligent or conventional network operations. If, at 300, intelligent network operations are used then caller identity code encoding is intrinsic and no further action is required. In this case the caller identity code is modulated on the carrier frequency of the commumcation signal transmitted through the telephone network. For digital networks the transmitted intelligent network data is encoded according to a data protocol used by the digital network. Control is then transferred out of the caller identity code encoding process at step 302 to another process which could be message code encoding or decoding.
  • step 304 transfer is controlled either to polling registration, steps 306 to 310, or to message code registration, steps 312 to 316.
  • identity code encoding
  • the caller prepares the identity code to be encoded. This is done by defining a series of receiver lines to be called (LI, say) and, if time measurement is used, assigning to each line to be called a ringing period TR in accordance with a coding conversion table. It is emphasized that measurement of the ringing period is optional and when used adds an additional degree of freedom in building the message code.
  • Caller identity codes are preferably, but not necessarily, built with the first code - element being the most significant and the last code - element being the least significant. This approach ensures that if the end of the caller identity code is not communicated for some reason or other, then the receiver can at least know which caller called from within a group of callers all having the same code beginning.
  • Steps 326 to 340 define a loop in which the caller identity code elements are encoded.
  • the code element index is increased by 1 and at step 328 a check for "TIME-OUT' is made. If "TIME-OUT' is reached then at step 330 the caller identity code encoding procedure is terminated and caller disconnects and begins the encoding procedure from the beginning (step 304). If "TIME-OUT' is not reached then at step 332 the nith receiver line is called. If the nith receiver line is "busy” then at step 336 the caller disconnects and waits TB sees, before again calling the nith receiver line.
  • the caller waits K rings, or TRi sees before disconnecting. It should be noted that if time measurement is not used then on calling each receiver line, the caller would wait an identical time period (say T sees.) for each receiver line called and reached.
  • T time period
  • message codes have well defined structures.
  • Message codes are preferably, but not necessarily, built with the first code - element being the most significant and the last code - element being the least significant. This approach assures if the end of the message is lost then at least the important part of the message has been received. In accordance with this approach if related data is to be added to the basic message, it should suffix the message code.
  • a message code is related to a message through a data-base that relates specific telephone lines (i.e., specific line indices) to numbers, words, messages or combinations thereof.
  • a message code can have any number of elements, defined in the data-base by the first (most-significant) element.
  • a "code - structure" comprising “groups” and “sub-groups” should be constructed enabling each successive sub-group of the code, starting with the first element, to have a "decodable” and usable meaning.
  • connection time free data messaging Message code receiving and transmitting by connection time free data messaging will be illustrated in the following using examples based on commercial applications. In accordance with the invention, in all the examples, calls are placed but not answered. That is, use of the word “call” refers to a "connection-time free call” . Furthermore, in the following examples a slash "/" will be used to denote options. For example A/B/C, denotes either A, or B or C.
  • the first example is for connection time free receiving/transmitting of message codes from/to fully/semi automated point-of-service (for example, a vending machine).
  • fully/semi automated point-of-service for example, a vending machine.
  • an operation center controlling NA (number) points of service (or, points of sale), utilizes NO data lines, preferably of intelligent network operations, for receiving/transmitting data, excluding message registration lines, acknowledge registration lines, answer-lines and polling-registration line .
  • message (i) will require a single call to one of the 25 data lines. However, message (ii) will require two calls, the first specifying the failure and the second specifying the vending machine - motor number). Message (iii) will require three calls, the first specifying a refill demand, and the next two specifying the refill combination and quantities j, using the 25-basis coding (i.e., 25 lines or an integer number thereof), where the first out the two element code has a partial meaning.
  • 25-basis coding i.e., 25 lines or an integer number thereof
  • message codes for messages (i) and (ii) are based on a code having more than a single element (i.e., more than a single call) they do have a well defined meaning even after the messaging is interrupted after the first element was received.
  • Case-4 The operation center of the former example is a passive messaging party. Retrieving the parameter option needed for precise operation of the automated point of sale through polling will require 4 or 5 or 6 calls from the active messaging party to the passive messaging party, for 7 or 15 or 31 configuration options, respectively.
  • the second example is for connection time free receiving/transmitting of message codes from/to a mobile monitored service unit, such as a mobile service fleet unit.
  • a mobile monitored service unit such as a mobile service fleet unit.
  • messages received by the mobile monitored service unit contain two forms of instructions. The first is for directing the service unit to a specified location (out of a data base of NA locations, i.e., points of service) and the other is for performing a specified task (out of a list of NT tasks).
  • Each task has NR reporting mile-stones, which may be accompanied by a location measurement using a global positioning system (the location being determined to within an accuracy of AC) for determining the location of the service unit within a pre-defined marked area AR. Reporting the service unit location together with its stams, at a given communication frequency is a legitimate message code in this application.
  • the first call, or first message code element, in both cases is devoted to NT and NR, where the first mile-stone is reported by calling one of NT (20 in this case) specific lines, while the remaining NR-1 mile-stones which follow the first, utilize another (NR-1) lines, which in this case is 4. Any following calls, are used for reporting the mobile service unit's location.
  • Each call indicates a geographical region. Geographical regions can be marked out using series of squares, termed primary squares. These squares can then be divided into smaller squares, termed secondary squares, and in turn each secondary square can be divided into still smaller squares. Each line called corresponds to a given square.
  • the third example is for connection time free receiving/transmitting of message codes from/to a person who wishes to call and/or pay for a service or a product supplied by a server.
  • the latter is equipped with a connection time free transceiver and the relevant message decoding and encoding software.
  • This example is applicable e.g. for a motorist wishing to "check in'V'out" to/of "on” or “off- street” parking, or receive a service, such as car wash, or pay for gas products in a gas station, or any telephone user who wishes to purchase a well defined product or service from either a vending machine or a delivery service.
  • Other applications are, of course, applicable, all as required and appropriate.
  • An operation center controlling NA (number) points of service (or, points of sale), utilizes NO data lines, preferably of intelligent network operations, for receiving and transmitting data, excluding acknowledge lines.
  • a manned user of the system can call for a service/a product utilizing one of the following alternative modes: - if the message is a single element code and no time dependence is related to the decoding - then the user of system does not necessarily use a dedicated terminal but rather utilize a telephone (cellular or wire line) owned by him/her and follow the instruction "to purchase a service/product (name) from this vender call number ###### and disconnect" if the message is a multi element code (or time dependent code) a dedicated terminal connected to the wire line or cellular device should be used, preferably instructing the user, e.g. using menus, how to select the order, (d) Three typical messages will be considered:
  • the last element code of the message has a double meaning - a) supply the products/services to the caller and - b) receive the price for the transaction, as agreed in advance for messages (i) and (iii) and upon completion of the transaction for message (ii).
  • Such price can be charged through billing files defining by each transaction, and supplied for collection to the public network operator providing the communication services to the identified caller or to billing entities as agreed between the parties (for example, credit card companies).
  • message (i) may require more than a single call to the data line, unless the caller after placing the message will indicate by another means, i.e., pressing a key on a vending machine, the i.d. of the product or service selected.
  • the most significant portion of the message will define the request to make an electronic transaction paid by the caller, and the least significant part, defined by the pressed key will identify the requested product or service and their value.
  • Message (ii) utilizing the same mechanism, will require either two calls, one to start the purchase or service procedure and another one to end it.
  • the user can, sometime, halt it manually allowing the smart controller "on site” to sense the stop signal.
  • the "end of process” message may be more relevant to electronic transactions such as parking, while the "stop” key may be more relevant to electronic transactions such as gas refueling).
  • Message (iii) in this case cannot be commumcated efficiently.
  • a message code sent by an active messaging party is a code, built as a series of receiver incoming line numbers preferably ordered from the "most" to the "least” significant element of the code, where each "element" of the code corresponds to the line index, , of the receiver line called.
  • Message code encoding and decoding procedures are based on the following assumptions: (al) The communicating parties have at their disposal a pre-defined data base of MM messages and associated message codes.
  • the receiving party utilizes N lines for receiving message codes, each line being characterized by a line index .
  • the messaging procedure can be finalized by a request for an acknowl- edgment from the receiver, verifying that a correct message code has been received. Such acknowledgment is accomplished in one of two ways depending on the nature of the receiver. If the receiver is a passive messaging party, then messaging procedure has to be preceded by caller registration, which is performed by the caller calling the passive messaging party's acknowledge registration line informing the passive message party that the caller is interested in receiving an acknowledgement for its message. If the acknowledge registration line is "busy" then the caller should continue calling until it is "free”. After registration an acknowledge, not acknowledge or partial acknowledge message code will be waiting for the caller through the "busy" I" free" states of the passive messaging party's answer line.
  • the receiver is an active messaging party it can send a relevant message code to the caller regarding the messaging procedure success.
  • a partial message can be extracted from a code where each element marks a sub-group of the former element.
  • the message sent by an active messaging party must be preceded the identity code serial encoding procedure described above. Therefore, only one active messaging party can communicate with a given passive messaging party at a time.
  • the message code registration line must be in the "busy " state, denoting that the passive messaging party is occupied and cannot receive new messages from a different caller.
  • the message registration line is switched to the "free" state and the receiver is ready for receiving a new message code.
  • the acknowledge line should be interrogated by the caller so that the identity code formerly established will not be lost. This is in complete contrast to the case of intelligent network operation, where the caller identity code is modulated on the carrier frequency of the communication signal.
  • the efficiency of a 100-line conventional network receiver is about a factor of five to six times higher as compared to a single 100-line system. Namely, it can receive five times more calls per time unit.
  • MM denotes the total number of message codes used
  • MI denotes the number of elements in a message code.
  • TV denotes the number of possible time values (rounded off) measured from a clock trigger till disconnection.
  • Fig. 9 showing the principle steps of the receiver logic of a multi-line receiver for receiving a message code from a single line active messaging party.
  • a message code is received by the multiline receiver from a single-line messaging party.
  • MM is the total number of message codes used, and OM is the number of different element code values. If, at 402, MM ⁇ OM (i.e., a single code element defines the message) then control is transferred to step 448. Step 450 distinguishes between two cases.
  • MM total number of message codes used (MM) is less than the number of receiver indexed lines (N) then, in addition to the line index ni of the line called, measurement of the ringing period TRi, for line ni, is required in order to define the message code (steps 456 and 458). If on the other hand, MM > N then the line index ni of the line called suffices to define the message code (step 452). At step 454 the caller identity code, the message code and message arrival time are defined. Control is then transferred to step 430 which was described above.
  • the received message code is built element-by-element from the first element to the MIth element.
  • the first element is the most significant element of the message code and the MIth element is the least significant element.
  • a "time-out" procedure is initialized and at step 410 the message code element index j is initially set to zero.
  • the incoming message code is built in the loop defined by the steps 410 through 418, where the jth element of the message code is given by nj and TRj. It should be noted that if time measurement is not used then the jth element of the message code is given by nj only.
  • the loop ends at step 418 as soon as all the message code elements have been received, assuming that "time-out" was not registered during the process. It is assumed that the receiver knows how many code elements to expect. This can be achieved in a number of ways. For example, it can be agreed upon in advance that the first element received also indicates the total number of elements that the receiver can expect to receive. In accordance with this approach the total number of elements that the receiver can expect to receive is given by M ⁇ (nl), where nl is index of the first receiver line called.
  • the message code is decoded by comparing the message code elements received with a conversion table that associates message code elements with messages or parts thereof and the caller is identified with the message by noting the callers identity code and the message arrival time.
  • step 412 If at step 412 "time-out" terminated the procedure before all the code elements were received, then there arise two possibilities regarding the number of code elements received. These two possibilities are checked at step 422. If at least one code element was received (i.e., j > 1), then at steps 424 and 426 a partial message is determined from the received message code elements, the caller is identified with the partial message by noting the callers identity code and the message arrival time and a partial acknowledge message code is prepared. If on the other hand no message code element was received (i.e., j ⁇ 1), then at step 428 a not acknowledge message code is prepared.
  • step 430 control is transferred to step 431 and the multi-line receiver sends an appropriate acknowledge message code (i.e. , acknowledge, not acknowledge or partial acknowledge) to the single-line caller.
  • the single-line caller (who is an active messaging party) has to obtain the state of the message received by the multi-line receiver by calling the multi-receiver's acknowledge registration and answer lines as described in steps 432 through 440.
  • a decision is made as to whether the single-line active messaging party is interested in polling a message from the multi-line receiver. If the polling registration line is called within TP seconds then it is understood that polling is required 446. If on the other hand the polling registration line was not called within TP seconds then polling is not required and the message registration line, in the case of conventional network operations only, is switched to "free" and the receiver is ready for the next message.
  • Fig. 10 showing the principle steps of a single-line active messaging party logic for transmitting a message code to a multi- line receiver.
  • the active messaging party's identity code IDC
  • a code messaging procedure is triggered. If, at 502, MI ⁇ OM, a message can be communicated by calling a single receiver line (i.e., a single code element defines the message). In this case, at step 554, the multi-line receiver's line defining the message, say the nith line is called.
  • step 556 control is transferred to step 558, where the caller disconnects and waits TB sees, before again calling the multi-line receiver's nith line. If the nith line is "free” then at step 560 the caller waits k rings or TRi sees, before disconnecting. Again, if time measurement is not used then the single-line active messaging party waits for the same time period, say T sees., before disconnecting, independent of which receiver line is called. At step 562 the caller proceeds to the acknowledgement procedure, starting at step 530.
  • a message can only be communicated by calling a number of receiver lines (i.e., a more that one code element defines the message).
  • the receiver lines to be called defining the code elements of the required message code are specified.
  • the first element is the most significant element of the message code and the last element is the least significant element.
  • the "time-out" procedure is initialized and at step 508 the message code element index j is initially set to zero. At step 510 the value of the index j is increased by 1. At step 512 the receiver line corresponding to the jth code element of the message code is dialed. If, at step 514, the dialed line is "busy” then control is transferred to step 516 and the active messaging party disconnects for TB sees, before re-dialing. If on the other hand the dialed line is not "busy” then control is transferred to step 518 and the active messaging party waits either for TRj sees., or for kj rings before disconnecting. It should be noted that if time measurement is not used then the active messaging party waits for the same time period, say T sees., for each line called before disconnecting.
  • message code acknowledgement i.e., acknowledge, not acknowledge or partial acknowledge
  • the multi-line receiver is not an active messaging party, then the single-line active messaging party caller has to obtain acknowledgement of the state of the message received by the multi-line receiver by calling the multi-receiver's acknowledge registration and answer lines as described in steps 532 through 550.
  • step 520 If at step 520 ; ⁇ MI and "TIME-OUT' has not been reached, 522, then the next line is called (steps 510 to 520 are repeated). If at 522 "TIME-OUT' has been reached, then if at least one line is called, 524, a partial acknowledge message code is prepared, 526. If, on the other hand, no lines were called then the procedure is aborted, 528, and if desired should be restarted.
  • the encoding is based on the fact that each active messaging party has several calling lines from which a message code can be built. As this case is limited to intelligent network operation, the caller identity code is extracted directly from the call signal. However, since each caller employs many lines, the decoding link between the call and the message code is a multiple step procedure, summarized below.
  • the receiver If the receiver is an active messaging party it will send an acknowledge, not acknowledge or partial acknowledge message code to the caller.
  • the caller will interrogate the receiver for an acknowledge message code.
  • the receiver If the receiver is a passive messaging party not having acknowledge registration and answer lines but the caller is the only messaging source calling the receiver at that time, then the receiver will switch its single line to "busy" for T seconds if acknowledge or partial acknowledge are the relevant responses or leave it "free” if not acknowledge is the relevant response, and the caller will interrogate the receiver immediately upon completion of the messaging procedure for that signal.
  • TR denotes a ringing period, i, j indices of message code elements
  • TRj denotes a ringing period for the jth message code element, IDC defined in general as a code specifying in sufficient details the identifica- tion of a message source, and with reference to Fig. 11 this means the identity of the caller and the line called from by that caller.
  • Fig. 11 showing the principle steps of the receiver logic of a single-line receiver for receiving a message code from a multiline active messaging party.
  • a call is received from a multi-line active messaging party.
  • the message code to be received is known to be based on KI code elements decoded from caller identity code (IDC) values.
  • IDC caller identity code
  • a call is received and the caller identity and the caller's calling line are identified and the ringing period TR is measured. Again it is emphasized that measurement of the ringing period is optional and when used adds an additional degree of freedom in building the message code.
  • the decoding session will not be "ON” and at step 604 control is transferred to step 606 and the "time-out" procedure is initialized for the current caller, whereby the decoding session for the current caller is declared "ON".
  • the first code element of the message code is taken to be a number related to the caller identity and the line called from by that caller, and the index i is set equal to 1.
  • step 614 control is transferred to step 616 and the receiver will send an appropriate acknowledgement message code to the caller which will be one of, acknowledge, not acknowledge or partial acknowledge message codes. Control is then transferred to step 618 where the receiver waits for the next call. If, however, the receiver is not an active messaging party then at step 614 control is transferred to step 620 and the receiver waits for an acknowledge message code interrogation by the caller. The receiver, of course, prepares an appropriate acknowledge message code for the caller on its registration lines. Clearly then, if the receiver is not an active messaging party, and the caller has to receive an acknowledge message code, then the receiver cannot be a single line receiver. Following step 620 control is transferred to step 618 and at step 622 "TIME-OUT' is checked for the current decoding sessions. If "TIME-OUT' has not been reached then control is returned to step 600.
  • step 624 a check is made to see if, for the current caller, message code elements have been received or not. If no message code elements have been received for the current caller then at step 626 the message receiving procedure is aborted for that caller and control is transferred to step 614 for relaying a not-acknowledge message code to the caller. If some, but not all, message codes have been received from the current caller then the caller's message code can be partially decode, 628, after which control is transferred to step 614 for relaying a partial-acknowledge message code to the caller. Following this control is transferred to step 618 and then on to step 622.
  • step 604 If at step 604 a decoding session is "ON" for the current caller then control is transferred to step 630 and the index i of the former decoded element of the current caller is checked and then at step 632 j is defined as 1+i. At step 634 the jth code element is related through a data-base code conversion table to the caller identity and the line called from by that caller.
  • step 636 a check is made if all the code elements have been received. If all the code elements have been received then at step 612 the received message code is ready for decoding after which acknowledgement through steps 614 to 620 is performed, as described above.
  • a multi-line active messaging party generates a message code transmission utilizing intelligent network operations.
  • a message code using KI elements is encoded.
  • Each code element is represented by one of the caller's line numbers accompanied by the call ringing period, TR.
  • the message code is built with the first code element being the most significant message element, and the last code element (the Kith) being the least sigmficant message element.
  • the "time-out" procedure is initiated.
  • the index i is set to zero.
  • the value of the index is increased by 1.
  • the multi-line active messaging party calls the receiver from the line assigned to the ith code element.
  • the state of the receiver line is checked. If it is "busy” then at step 722 the caller disconnects and waits for TB sees, before returning to step 712. If on the other hand the receiver line is not "busy” then the caller waits TRi sees, before disconnecting, 716.
  • the code element index is checked.
  • Kith element has been sent, then the complete message code has been sent, 720, and the process continues with the acknowledge/polling procedures, steps 730, 732 and 734. If at step 718 the Kith element has not yet been sent then control is transferred to step 708 and the process continues.
  • step 710 If at step 710 "time-out" is reached then the number of code elements transmitted is checked at step 724. If no code elements have been transmitted then at step 724 the procedure is aborted, 726, and will have to be restarted at step 702. If, however, at least one element has been transmitted then the message has been partially sent, 728, and at step 729 the partially sent message is checked to see if it is sufficient or not. If the partial message sent is considered not sufficient then the procedure is aborted, 726. If the partial message sent is considered sufficient then the process continues with the acknowledge/polling procedures, steps 730, 732 and 734.
  • Figs. 9 to 12 also cover the special case of a single-line caller calling a single-line recipient, with Figs. 10 and 12 covering the special case of a single- line active messaging party transmitting a message to a single-line receiver and Figs. 9 and 11 covering the special case of a single-line recipient receiving a message from a single-line active messaging party.
  • These special cases are for intelligent network operation only.
  • the message code element is based on a period of time elapsed from a clock trigger of the receiver until disconnection of the "ringing" process.
  • the caller identity code is directly extracted from the call.
  • the decoding link between the call and the message code is a multi-step procedure, summarized below:
  • step (f) if the receiver is a passive messaging party - generate an acknowledge code (as a "busy” signal ) for a predefined period of time after receiving the last code element, or a not acknowledge code (as a "free” signal ) whenever relevant; or (g) if the receiver is an active messaging party - call the sender for a connection time free transmittal of an acknowledge message code or a not acknowledge message code by generating a "busy" signal or a "free” signal as in step (f).
  • connection free time message by the sender is conducted as follows:
  • the conventional network procedure must start with caller identification encoding by the active messaging party before the receiver is able to encode the message code.
  • the caller identification is modulated on the carrier frequency of the communication signal transmitted through the telephone network, usually between the first and second incoming rings, and is directly extracted by a modem or line interface connected to the receiver line called by the caller.
  • Fig. 13 showing the principle steps of a multi-line receiver logic for message code polling by a single-line caller (active messaging party).
  • the passive messaging party's polling registration line is called and the caller is identified.
  • access to the multi-line receiver is blocked to other con-current callers by switching the polling line to "busy” . If there is a message waiting for the current caller, 804, then the answer line is switched to "busy" , 806, for T sees., thereby indicating to the interrogating caller that a message is waiting.
  • step 808 the active messaging party calls the receiver's answer- line within T sees
  • step 810 the "time-out" procedure is initiated. If at step 804 no message is waiting for the current caller then the caller waits for T sees. and control is transferred to step 836. Similarly, if the active messaging party does not call the receiver's answer-line within T sees, at step 808 then control is also transferred to step 836.
  • step 836 the polling procedure is terminated and all the receiver lines including the polling and message code registration lines are set to "free” . The polling procedure has to be restarted and is open to all callers.
  • message encoding is generated as a binary code utilizing "busy” and “free” states of the incoming N lines of the passive messaging party. Initially, all the incoming N lines are set to “free” .
  • a check is made to see if number of code elements K (binary bits) comprising the message code is greater or less than N. If K ⁇ N then the number of lines is large enough to allow encoding and at step 840 the required message code is built by switching L of the N lines to "busy”.
  • a check is made for "time-out”. If "tz ' me- out" is reached then the procedure is terminated at step 836.
  • the loop given by the steps 818 to 832 describes the encoding of the message code in J cycles, at step 820, with preset scan time allowing the caller enough time to call the incoming receiver lines and an acknowledgement each cycle that the message code of that cycle has been read, at step 832. Again, when the procedure is completed or terminated due to "time-out” , all the receiver lines are switched to "free” to allow for the next messaging procedure to start, at step 836.
  • FIG. 14 showing the principle steps of a single-line caller logic for message code polling from a multi-line receiver.
  • a trigger for a single-line active messaging party polling a message from a multi-line receiver is set on.
  • the receiver's polling registration line is called until it "free” .
  • the caller waits Tl sees, and then disconnects and then at step 910 calls the receiver's answer-registration line.
  • the state of the receiver's answer-registration line is checked. If the line is "free” then there is no message waiting for the caller and at step 914 the procedure is terminated. If the line is "busy” then there is a message waiting for the caller, 916, and the "time-out" procedure is initiated at step 918.
  • step 920 the maximum number of code elements, K, is compared with the number of receiver incoming lines, N. If K ⁇ N then the number of incoming receiver lines is large enough to hold the complete message code and control is transferred to step 922 where the line index i is set equal to zero and the polling process for a one cycle polling procedure begins. In the loop defined by steps 924 to 936 the message code is polled line-by-line as follows.
  • the line index, is set to 1, then the nith line of the receiver is called, 926, and a check is made for the state of the line, 928, if it is "free", 930, the caller waits for T2 sees, and then disconnects, whereas if the line is "busy” , 932, the caller waits for T3 sees, and then disconnects. Following disconnection a check is made to see if the last coded line has been called, 934. If the last coded line has not been called then a check for "TIME-OUT' is made, 936. If "TIME-OUT' has not been reached, then control is returned to step 924 and the next coded line is called.
  • Step 920 If at step 920 it is found that K > N, then the N receiver lines are not sufficient to hold the complete message code. In this case the message code is divided into a number of successive cycles where J defines the number of cycles required to poll the message code.
  • Steps 956 to 980 are identical to the steps 924 to 946 for polling a message in one cycle. However, to steps 956 to 980, are added steps 950 to 954 and steps 982 and 983 which cause the single cycle polling procedure to be repeated J times.
  • the present invention has been described and illustrated with a certain degree of particularity. However, it should be understood that various alterations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed.
  • FIGs. 15 and 16 illustrate an example of one line which serves for transmittal of messages between sender and receiver whilst utilizing the CEIC approach of the invention, i.e. an LSP that constitutes a code element that is attached to the IDC value and as explained before, this is only one out of many possible variants according to the invention.
  • Figs. 15 and 16 are essentially identical to Figs. 11 and 12 with minor modifications.
  • the blocks which are subject to modifications are designated in the same reference numerals as the counterpart block in Figs. 11 and 12 with the addition of an apostrophe.
  • the remaining blocks are identical and therefore will not be further explained herein.
  • Fig. 16 a transmittal sequence is shown where in block 700' the code elements consist now of MSP and LSP constituent as well as code elements relating to ringing time.
  • MSC is encoded using Ki elements.
  • Ki elements Each element represented by an LSP value appended to the sender's single MSP number in the sender IDC that is transmitted over the network.
  • the entire process continues as described in Fig. 12 with the exception that if time out has not been expired (block 712') the EIC code element (MSP and LSP) is transmitted to the receiver.
  • Fig. 15 which resembles Fig. 11, the procedure of receiving the combined MSP and LSP is described in block 600':
  • the MSC element i is determined according to the so obtained code element LSP j and the code element TR j (assuming that the session is on).
  • the so extracted LSP j and TR j constitute the first LSP and ringing time elements, respectively, and the time out counting for the session is triggerred. It is, of course, not required that every call will include both LSP and Ti ringing period constituents, but for the sake of clarity, consider the following example, where only LSP and ringing period code element are regarded.
  • the three LSPs code elements form part of a code portion and likewise the three ringing periods form part of a code portion of a code that corresponds to a given message (from a set of messages) that may be extracted by utilizing e.g LUT).
  • the order which the code elements are encoded may, if desired, be significant for determining the corresponding message.
  • the sequence: LSP 1 T l in the first call; LSP 2 T 2 in the second call represents a different message than the sequence LSP 2 T 2 in the first call; LSP 1 T 1 in the second call.
  • other parameters such as caller telephone line, receiver telephone line may also be used to further increase the number of combinations which obviously increase the repertoire of messages.
  • LSP j T- ⁇ for one recipient corresponds to a first message whereas the same combination LSP j T for a different recipient corresponds to a second message.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de communication entre un appelant et un destinataire via des réseaux de téléphone, comprenant les étapes suivantes: l'appelant transmet un appel à partir d'une ligne de téléphone d'appelant vers une ligne de téléphone de destinataire; le destinataire reçoit l'appel mais ne répond pas, ce qui entraîne la communication d'un code entre l'appelant et le destinataire. L'étape suivante consiste à déterminer un message à partir du code communiqué.
EP98915061A 1997-04-18 1998-04-14 Messagerie par reseaux telephoniques independante de l'heure d'appel Withdrawn EP0980620A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL12070297A IL120702A0 (en) 1997-04-18 1997-04-18 Connection time free data messaging through wired/wireless networks
IL12070297 1997-04-18
IL12145197 1997-08-01
IL12145197A IL121451A0 (en) 1997-04-18 1997-08-01 Connection time free data messaging through wired/wireless networks
PCT/IL1998/000178 WO1998048562A2 (fr) 1997-04-18 1998-04-14 Messagerie par reseaux telephoniques independante de l'heure d'appel

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EP0980620A2 true EP0980620A2 (fr) 2000-02-23
EP0980620A4 EP0980620A4 (fr) 2003-01-22

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CN (1) CN1264514A (fr)
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BR (1) BR9808685A (fr)
CA (1) CA2287431A1 (fr)
EA (1) EA199900949A1 (fr)
HU (1) HUP0002246A2 (fr)
ID (1) ID27322A (fr)
IL (1) IL121451A0 (fr)
NO (1) NO995027L (fr)
PL (1) PL338392A1 (fr)
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DE19842272A1 (de) * 1998-09-16 2000-03-23 Punkt Ges Fuer Software Mbh S Verfahren zur nicht gebührenpflichtigen Informationsübertragung über Telefonleitungen
FI109390B (fi) * 1999-12-30 2002-07-15 Sonera Oyj Yhteysaikakortti
FR2812997B1 (fr) * 2000-08-11 2003-01-17 Nadim Massoud Procede et installation d'interrogation telephonique
CN105323058A (zh) * 2014-06-27 2016-02-10 上海明波通信技术股份有限公司 一种传递信息的方法
CA2927391C (fr) 2015-04-13 2019-12-31 Nathan Stewart Ewing Gestion de codes d'autorisation provenant de plusieurs sources
CN106488004A (zh) * 2016-07-04 2017-03-08 南开大学 一种基于振铃时间间隔编码的通信方法

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EP0674419A2 (fr) * 1994-03-22 1995-09-27 AT&T Corp. Système de communication pour traiter des informations d'identification d'appel

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JPS61201549A (ja) * 1985-03-04 1986-09-06 Toshiba Corp 電話端末メツセ−ジ通信方式
US5553125A (en) * 1991-01-11 1996-09-03 Nokia Mobile Phones (U.K.) Limited Telephone apparatus with calling line identification
US5369691A (en) * 1993-03-04 1994-11-29 Utilex, Inc. Telephonic information communication method and apparatus
US5652783A (en) * 1995-06-29 1997-07-29 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for selectively encoding digital messages in a communication system

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EP0674419A2 (fr) * 1994-03-22 1995-09-27 AT&T Corp. Système de communication pour traiter des informations d'identification d'appel

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See also references of WO9848562A2 *

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PL338392A1 (en) 2000-10-23
EP0980620A4 (fr) 2003-01-22
KR20010006526A (ko) 2001-01-26
HUP0002246A2 (hu) 2000-10-28
ID27322A (id) 2001-03-22
NO995027D0 (no) 1999-10-15
IL121451A0 (en) 1998-02-08
CA2287431A1 (fr) 1998-10-29
CN1264514A (zh) 2000-08-23
WO1998048562A3 (fr) 1999-01-28
TR199902603T2 (xx) 2000-04-21
NO995027L (no) 1999-12-20
AU6932998A (en) 1998-11-13
WO1998048562A2 (fr) 1998-10-29
EA199900949A1 (ru) 2000-06-26
JP2002503409A (ja) 2002-01-29

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