EP0980503B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung eines gefriertrocknungsprozesses - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung eines gefriertrocknungsprozesses Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0980503B1 EP0980503B1 EP98922751A EP98922751A EP0980503B1 EP 0980503 B1 EP0980503 B1 EP 0980503B1 EP 98922751 A EP98922751 A EP 98922751A EP 98922751 A EP98922751 A EP 98922751A EP 0980503 B1 EP0980503 B1 EP 0980503B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- pressure
- chamber
- drying
- ice
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 63
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
- F26B5/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum the process involving freezing
Definitions
- Such a method is, for example, from DE-C-1 038 988 known.
- Freeze drying is a process for removing water from a water-containing frozen product, e.g. from pharmaceuticals and food.
- the process is generally carried out at an air pressure that is small is against the water vapor pressure at the selected temperature of the ice: For example, corresponds to an ice temperature of -20 ° C a water vapor pressure (in Equilibrium) of 1.03 mbar. So that the water vapor from the ice surface can flow into the drying chamber, the water vapor pressure in the Drying chamber can be significantly smaller than 1.03 mbar. e.g. e.g. 0.4 mbar. It is therefore advisable to use a pressure that is small compared to this pressure value, e.g. 0.05 mbar to choose. Freeze drying usually takes place in one Chamber instead, in which there are temperature-controlled shelves and one Evacuation device, e.g. one combined with a vacuum pump Ice condenser, is connected.
- Evacuation device e.g. one combined with a vacuum pump Ice condens
- the main characteristics of the course of the drying process are two drying phases. As long as crystallized (frozen) Water in the product is called this dry section Main or sublimation drying. If you close the in this phase Drying the shut-off device between the chamber and the Evacuation device for a short time (a few seconds) turns into the chamber of equilibrium water vapor pressure, that of the ruling Ice temperature corresponds. From the pressure increase can directly on the Ice temperature should be closed. This method of measuring the Ice temperature is known under the term barometric temperature measurement and described in DE-PS 10 38 988.
- the temperature of the product may be certain, usually well below Do not exceed 0 ° C to impair the Avoid quality and / or properties of the product.
- the ice cores present in the product become always smaller. In the area of dry marginal zones there are already higher ones Temperatures allowed.
- From DE-PS 10 38 988 is a method of the aforementioned Kind known.
- To determine the transition from main drying to Post-drying measurements are carried out on the medium which also serve to measure the ice temperature. To do this the shut-off times that only a few when measuring the ice temperature Seconds, significantly extended, to two minutes and more. If after shutdown times of this magnitude there is almost a constant difference between the operating pressure and the Saturation vapor pressure sets, it can be assumed that the solid ice has been completely removed from the goods, the main drying is finished. The shelf temperature and the pressure can be on those values are set at which the post-drying takes place should.
- a disadvantage of the described method is the considerable lengthening the cut-off time. If the main drying has not yet ended, then there is Danger of an extension of the blocking time to a no longer permitted Increasing the temperature of the ice-containing goods and thus destroying them in modern freeze drying systems for the pharmaceutical industry the value of a batch already exceeds the DM million mark. Threats to the Product must therefore be avoided at all costs.
- the present invention has for its object a method for Propose control of a freeze-drying process of the type mentioned at the outset, where the disadvantage of longer shut-off times between chambers and evacuation device no longer has to be accepted.
- this object is achieved in that the transition changes from the main drying to the subsequent drying characterizing the Pressure and / or the shelf temperature depending on a decrease the ice temperature.
- This procedure uses the Appearance from that while performing the main drying measured ice temperature values during the transition from main drying to become smaller after drying, which is obviously only apparent Changing the ice temperature is slight but can be done with help modern computers can be determined exactly.
- Control of the freeze drying process only measurements of the Ice temperature are carried out, which only short shut-off times there is a risk of thawing the product no more.
- the measurement of the ice temperature itself is expediently carried out after the start mentioned barometric temperature measurement, i.e. that from the increase in the Chamber pressure after separation of the chamber from its Evacuation device occurs, the ice temperature is derived.
- the increasing chamber pressure is continuously 10 to measured a few hundred times per second. These measured values are one Computer fed.
- the values of the measured in the first seconds Pressure increase result in an increasing, approximately S-shaped curve, i.e. one Curve with a turning point. With the help of the calculator this curve continuously differentiated, i.e.
- the ongoing, short-term and relatively precise determination of the ice temperature allows very early fluctuations beyond the measuring accuracy to determine the ice temperature.
- fluctuations in the chamber pressure or the surface temperature excluded then indicate fluctuations in the Ice temperature for an inhomogeneous ice structure.
- Heat conduction and Water vapor transport are different in zones with very small or grown together large crystals. This also applies to during the Main drying of collapsed products, as water then takes place in some zones Ice is present. Fluctuations in the ice temperature can therefore occur Failure to freeze the product or excessive shelf temperature Clues.
- the invention further relates to a device for performing the method with the features according to claim 8.
- the freeze-drying device shown in Figure 1 comprises the chamber 1 with their footprints 2 and the capacitor 3 connected to them its condensation surfaces 4. On the shelves 2 there are containers (Vial 5) with freeze-dried product. The parking spaces are 2 temperable. They are part of a temperature control circuit 6 Feed pump 7 and refrigeration machine 8. During the heating phase, the Chiller switched off and the cooling / heating medium heated electrically (Heater 9) ..
- One of the closures of the vials 5 inside the chamber 1 and apparatus serving after drying is general designated 10.
- valve 11 Between chamber 1 and condenser 3 is the valve 11, which with Help of the drive 12 is actuated.
- the capacitor 3 is the Vacuum pump set 14.
- Control means are used to control the sequence of the freeze-drying process intended.
- a central controller 16 continuously provides information about the pressure in chamber 1 and the temperature of the shelves 2 fed. Pressure and temperature sensors 17, 18 are used for this purpose Temperature sensor 18 in the temperature control circuit 6 is shown. More appropriate it is when the exit of each of the shelves 2 with a temperature sensor is equipped.
- the controller 16 stands with the Vacuum pump set 14, the refrigerant evaporator 8 and the drive 12 of the Valve 11 in connection.
- the pressure control in chamber 1 is carried out by Switching the vacuum pump set 14 on and off or by controlled inlet from inert gas.
- the shelf temperature is determined using the refrigerator 8 or the heater 9 set.
- the controller 16 is assigned to the computer 21, to which the data from Pressure sensor 17 supplied signals are supplied.
- the computer 21 - as described above - the change in pressure over time (dp / dt) continuously monitored after the valve 11 has been shut off. Immediately after if the maximum of this value is exceeded, the controller 16 receives this Signal to end the cut-off time.
- the diagram according to FIG. 2 shows the chronological sequence of an example for recognize a freeze-drying process.
- Floor space temperature values are in the y direction and pressure values given.
- Dashed curve 23 shows the course of the chamber pressure.
- the dotted line 24 shows the course of the shelf temperature.
- the solid line 25 leaves the Detect continuously measured ice temperature values.
- dash-dotted line 26 indicates an average product temperature.
- a freeze-drying process of the type shown begins with the introduction of the frozen product into chamber 1.
- the chamber is then evacuated and the shelves are heated to the desired temperature.
- the main drying takes about 48 hours.
- the control pressure (curve 23) is kept at a certain pressure.
- the shelf temperature (curve 24) is also set to certain values.
- the surface temperature increases already after 24 hours. After the ice temperature drops, the pressure control is switched off. The shelf temperature will continue to increase.
- controller 16 and computer 21 can be used to determine the residual moisture. This is expediently carried out using a method as described in international patent application WO 96/25654. In this method, the residual moisture is obtained from measurements of the desorption rate DR.
- DR Desorbed water mass x100 Hours x mass of dry matter Water in% of dry matter per hour
- the desorption rate during the Post-drying phase measured at certain time intervals (e.g. 10 min)
- the computer calculates the time at which two or more of these measured values a desorption rate would be reached (desorption rate zero point), which the Desired residual moisture only by a tolerable small amount would change, and then the respective residual moisture from the computer temporal integration of the desorption rates from zero to Measurement time is determined.
- the Post-drying characteristic values of pressure and Floor temperature then made when the ice temperature has changed by more than 2 to 3 ° C compared to a highest mean. Also increasing the shelf temperature during the main drying can be made depending on changes in ice temperature become. In the illustrated embodiment, this happens when the ice temperature by more than 1 ° C compared to the highest mean has changed.
- Figure 3 is a diagram in which the solid curve 28 shows the increase in Represents pressure after the valve is shut off between chamber 1 and capacitor 3 takes place.
- This curve is running by the computer 21 differentiated (dashed curve 29). This makes it possible to keep running determine the temporal change in the chamber pressure. As before described, the measurement can be stopped if the temporal Change in pressure exceeds a maximum.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Freezing, Cooling And Drying Of Foods (AREA)
Description
- bei dem eingefrorenes, in einer evakuierten Kammer auf temperierbaren Stellflächen befindliches Produkt zunächst einer Haupttrocknung und anschließend einer Nachtrocknung unterworfen wird,
- bei dem während der Haupttrocknung laufend die Temperatur des im zu trocknenden Produkt eingeschlossenen Eises gemessen wird und
- bei dem beim Übergang von der Haupttrocknung zur Nachtrocknung der Kammerdruck und/oder die Stellflächentemperatur verändert werden.
- Figur 1
- schematisch eine Einrichtung zur Durchführung eines Gefriertrocknungsprozesses,
- Figur 2
- ein Diagramm, das den Ablauf eines Gefriertrocknungsprozesses erkennen läßt und
- Figur 3
- ein weiteres Diagramm zur Erläuterung der Feststellung der Eistemperatur
Claims (8)
- Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Gefriertrocknungsprozesses,dadurch gekennzeichnet,bei dem eingefrorenes, in einer evakuierten Kammer auf temperierbaren Stellflächen befindliches Produkt zunächst einer Haupttrocknung und anschließend einer Nachtrocknung unterworfen wird,bei dem während der Haupttrocknung laufend die Temperatur des im zu trocknenden Produkt eingeschlossenen Eises gemessen wird undbei dem beim Übergang von der Haupttrocknung zur Nachtrocknung der Kammerdruck und/oder die Stellflächentemperatur verändert werden,daß die den Übergang von der Haupttrocknung zur Nachtrocknung kennzeichnenden Änderungen des Druckes und/oder der Stellflächentemperatur in Abhängigkeit von einem Absinken der Eistemperatur vorgenommen werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß auch während der Haupttrocknung Kammerdruck und/oder Stellfächentemperatur verändert werden und daß Änderungen dieser Art ebenfalls in Abhängigkeit von Änderungen der Eistemperatur vorgenommen werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Eistemperatur-Meßwerte jeweils mit den vorhergegangenen Meßwerten gemittelt werden und daß zur Feststellung einer bestimmten Änderung der Eistemperatur laufend der höchste der ermittelten Eistemperatur-Mittelwerte mit den aktuellen Werten der Eistemperatur verglichen werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Bestimmung der Eistemperatur laufend Messungen eines Druckanstiegs durchgeführt werden, welcher nach einer Absperrung der Kammer von ihrer Evakuierungseinrichtung stattfindet.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach der Absperrung der Kammer von ihrer Evakuierungseinrichtung der Kammerdruck laufend gemessen und diese Meßwerte einem Rechner zugeführt werden, daß der Rechner laufend die zeitliche Änderung des Druckes (dp/dt) feststellt und daß die Druckanstiegsmessung beendet und gleichzeitig die Verbindung zwischen Kammer und Evakuierungseinrichtung wieder hergestellt wird, wenn die zeitliche Änderung des Druckes ein Maximum erreicht hat.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Übergang von der Haupttrocknung zur Nachtrocknung die noch im zu trocknenden Produkt vorhandene Restfeuchte ermittelt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Restfeuchte aus Messungen der Desorptionsrate gewonnen wird, indem die Desorptionsrate während der Nachtrockenphase in bestimmten Zeitabständen (z.B. 10 min) gemessen wird, ein Rechner aus zwei oder mehreren dieser Meßwerte die Zeit errechnet, zu der eine Desorptionsrate erreicht wäre (Desorptionsraten-Nullpunkt), die die gewünschte Restfeuchte nur noch um einen tolerierbaren kleinen Betrag verändern würde, und danach die jeweilige Restfeuchte vom Rechner durch zeitliche Integration der Desorptionsraten vom Nullpunkt bis zum Meßzeitpunkt ermittelt wird.
- Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens zur Steuerung eines Gefriertrocknungsprozesses, nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 7, mit einer evakuierten Kammer mit temperierbaren Stellflächen, mit Mitteln zum Messen der Temperatur des im zu trocknenden Produkt eingeschlossenen Eises und zum Verändern des Kammerdruckes und/oder der Stellflächentemperatur dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung in an sich bekannter Weise mit einem Rechner (21) ausgerüstet ist und daß eine Steuerung (16) vorgesehen ist, die in Abhängigkeit von vom Rechner (21) gelieferten Werten den Druck in der Kammer (1) und/oder die Temperatur der Stellflächen (2) verändert.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19719398A DE19719398A1 (de) | 1997-05-07 | 1997-05-07 | Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Gefriertrocknungsprozesses |
| DE19719398 | 1997-05-07 | ||
| PCT/EP1998/002335 WO1998050744A1 (de) | 1997-05-07 | 1998-04-21 | Verfahren zur steuerung eines gefriertrocknungsprozesses |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0980503A1 EP0980503A1 (de) | 2000-02-23 |
| EP0980503B1 true EP0980503B1 (de) | 2001-07-11 |
Family
ID=7828961
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98922751A Expired - Lifetime EP0980503B1 (de) | 1997-05-07 | 1998-04-21 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung eines gefriertrocknungsprozesses |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6163979A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0980503B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2001525049A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19719398A1 (de) |
| DK (1) | DK0980503T3 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2161532T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1998050744A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016215844A1 (de) | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-01 | OPTIMA pharma GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gefriertrocknung |
Families Citing this family (34)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19936281C2 (de) * | 1999-08-02 | 2002-04-04 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Gefriertrocknung |
| US6543155B2 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2003-04-08 | National Agricultural Research Organization | Freeze-dried product and process and apparatus for producing it |
| DE60120346T2 (de) | 2001-03-01 | 2007-05-16 | Incorporated Administrative Agency National Agriculture And Bio-Oriented Research Organization, Tsukuba | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines gefriergetrockneten Produktes |
| DE10136498A1 (de) * | 2001-07-27 | 2003-02-06 | Steris Gmbh | Kammer für eine Gefriertrocknungseinrichtung |
| DE10218007A1 (de) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-11-06 | Bayer Ag | Gefriertrockenvorrichtung |
| JP2006507540A (ja) * | 2002-11-21 | 2006-03-02 | トランスフォーム・ファーマシューティカルズ・インコーポレイテッド | 凍結乾燥顕微鏡ステージ装置及びそれを用いた方法 |
| EP1651093B1 (de) * | 2003-07-30 | 2016-09-07 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | Verfahren zum betreiben einer geschirrspülmaschine mit wenigstens einem teilprogrammschritt "trocknen" |
| DE102004007526A1 (de) * | 2004-02-17 | 2005-09-01 | Oetjen, Georg-Wilhelm, Dr. | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Gefriertrocknung von Produkten |
| US7520670B2 (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2009-04-21 | John Jeffrey Schwegman | Wireless temperature sensing system for lyophilization processes |
| US20090175315A1 (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2009-07-09 | John Jeffrey Schwegman | Wireless temperature sensing system for lyophilization processes |
| US20060275863A1 (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2006-12-07 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for preserving xanthophyll in algal cell |
| DE102005024536A1 (de) | 2005-05-28 | 2006-11-30 | Hans-Georg Hof | Horizontale Gefriertrocknungsanlage |
| US20070098591A1 (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-03 | Georg Frinke | Method and apparatus for low energy vaporization of liquid oxidizing agents or solutions |
| EP1903291A1 (de) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-03-26 | Ima-Telstar S.L. | Verfahren und System zur Steuerung eines Gefriertrocknungsverfahrens |
| IT1397930B1 (it) * | 2009-12-23 | 2013-02-04 | Telstar Technologies S L | Metodo per monitorare l'essiccamento primario di un processo di liofilizzazione. |
| US8810394B2 (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2014-08-19 | Medtronic, Inc. | Reservoir monitoring for implantable fluid delivery devices |
| US9687603B2 (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2017-06-27 | Medtronic, Inc. | Volume monitoring for implantable fluid delivery devices |
| US8434240B2 (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2013-05-07 | Millrock Technology, Inc. | Freeze drying method |
| EP2674712B1 (de) * | 2011-02-08 | 2020-08-19 | Kyowa Vacuum Engineering, Ltd. | Berechnungsverfahren und berechnungsvorrichtung der temperatur an sublimationsfront, einer unterteiltemperatur und der sublimationsrate eines in einer gefriertrocknungsvorrichtung zu trocknenden stoffes |
| US8549768B2 (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2013-10-08 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Methods for freeze drying |
| DE102012007422B4 (de) * | 2012-04-16 | 2024-02-08 | Martin Christ Gefriertrocknungsanlagen Gmbh | Verfahren zur Gefriertrocknung von Substanzen und Anlage zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens |
| US8904664B2 (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2014-12-09 | Mimedx Group, Inc. | Dehydration device and methods for drying biological materials |
| EP2945639B1 (de) | 2013-01-18 | 2020-09-30 | MIMEDX Group Inc. | Verfahren zur behandlung von herzkrankheiten |
| US10206977B1 (en) | 2013-01-18 | 2019-02-19 | Mimedx Group, Inc. | Isolated placental stem cell recruiting factors |
| US9121637B2 (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2015-09-01 | Millrock Technology Inc. | Using surface heat flux measurement to monitor and control a freeze drying process |
| WO2015109329A1 (en) | 2014-01-17 | 2015-07-23 | Mimedx Group, Inc. | Method for inducing angiogenesis |
| US10605527B2 (en) | 2015-09-22 | 2020-03-31 | Millrock Technology, Inc. | Apparatus and method for developing freeze drying protocols using small batches of product |
| ES2774058T3 (es) * | 2017-04-21 | 2020-07-16 | Gea Lyophil Gmbh | Un liofilizador y un método para inducir la nucleación en los productos |
| EP3775740B1 (de) * | 2018-04-10 | 2025-07-30 | IMA Life North America Inc. | Gefriertrocknungsverfahren und ausrichtungsgesundheitsüberwachung |
| US12022745B2 (en) * | 2021-05-16 | 2024-06-25 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Progressive thermal drying chamber for quantum circuits |
| WO2023286137A1 (ja) * | 2021-07-12 | 2023-01-19 | 株式会社アルバック | 凍結乾燥装置及び凍結乾燥方法 |
| CN116972601B (zh) * | 2023-09-22 | 2023-12-08 | 昆海生物技术(三亚)有限公司 | 一种白番茄真空冷冻干燥装置及其冷冻干燥方法 |
| WO2025157968A1 (de) | 2024-01-25 | 2025-07-31 | Iq-Mobil Gmbh | Steuerung oder regelung eines gefriertrockners auf grundlage einer erfassung eines charakteristischen temperaturanstiegs in bezug auf wenigstens eine stichproben-vial einer mehrzahl von einem gefriertrocknungsprozess unterworfenen vials |
| WO2025181265A1 (en) * | 2024-03-01 | 2025-09-04 | Gea Lyophil Gmbh | Method for controlling af freeze-drying process and freeze drying apparatus suited therefor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1038988B (de) * | 1956-08-22 | 1958-09-11 | Leybold Hochvakuum Anlagen | Steuerungsverfahren einer Gefriertrocknung und Vorrichtung zu seiner Ausfuehrung |
| US2994132A (en) * | 1956-08-22 | 1961-08-01 | Neumann Karlheinz | Freeze drying apparatus |
| DE1135828B (de) * | 1959-01-10 | 1962-08-30 | Leybold Hochvakuum Anlagen | Gefriertrocknungsverfahren und -vorrichtung |
| FR1236607A (fr) * | 1959-06-11 | 1960-07-22 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle et la régulation de la congélation et dudégel de différentes substances, et notamment pour le contrôle et la régulation d'opérations de congélation-dessiccation |
| AU135466A (en) * | 1966-02-08 | 1967-08-10 | Abbott Laboratories | Freese drying method and apparatus |
| GB1190319A (en) * | 1968-08-15 | 1970-05-06 | George Jarvis Tooby | Method for Dehydrating Materials |
| DE2104499A1 (de) * | 1971-02-01 | 1972-08-10 | Leybold Heraeus Gmbh & Co Kg | Steuerung und/oder Überwachung von Prozessen in Abhängigkeit vom Dampfdruck, insbesondere bei der Gefriertrocknung |
| US3964174A (en) * | 1975-06-06 | 1976-06-22 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Controlled humidity freeze drying process |
| GB1587409A (en) * | 1976-10-04 | 1981-04-01 | Boc Ltd | Freeze drying |
| US4780964A (en) * | 1987-11-30 | 1988-11-01 | Fts Systems, Inc. | Process and device for determining the end of a primary stage of freeze drying |
| US5035065A (en) * | 1988-06-03 | 1991-07-30 | Parkinson Martin C | Method and apparatus using molecular sieves for freeze drying |
| US5154007A (en) * | 1989-08-17 | 1992-10-13 | Board Of Regents University Of Texas System | Method and apparatus for cryopreparing biological tissue |
| US5367786A (en) * | 1990-11-06 | 1994-11-29 | Jennings; Thomas A. | Method and apparatus for monitoring the processing of a material |
| FR2685065B1 (fr) * | 1991-12-12 | 1994-03-04 | Guy Beurel | Procede de regulation de lyophilisation. |
| DE4334902C2 (de) * | 1993-10-13 | 1998-07-02 | Martin Christ Gefriertrocknung | Gefriertrocknungsanlage |
| FR2719656B1 (fr) * | 1994-05-03 | 1996-07-26 | Agronomique Inst Nat Rech | Procédé et dispositif de contrôle de la lyophilisation sous vide. |
| WO1996025654A1 (de) * | 1995-02-14 | 1996-08-22 | Georg Wilhelm Oetjen | Verfahren zur ermittlung der restfeuchte während der nachtrocknung in einem gefriertrockenprozess |
-
1997
- 1997-05-07 DE DE19719398A patent/DE19719398A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-04-21 JP JP54766598A patent/JP2001525049A/ja active Pending
- 1998-04-21 EP EP98922751A patent/EP0980503B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-21 DK DK98922751T patent/DK0980503T3/da active
- 1998-04-21 DE DE59801008T patent/DE59801008D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-21 US US09/423,477 patent/US6163979A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-21 WO PCT/EP1998/002335 patent/WO1998050744A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1998-04-21 ES ES98922751T patent/ES2161532T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016215844A1 (de) | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-01 | OPTIMA pharma GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gefriertrocknung |
| DE102016215844B4 (de) | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-29 | OPTIMA pharma GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gefriertrocknung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK0980503T3 (da) | 2001-10-22 |
| US6163979A (en) | 2000-12-26 |
| JP2001525049A (ja) | 2001-12-04 |
| WO1998050744A1 (de) | 1998-11-12 |
| EP0980503A1 (de) | 2000-02-23 |
| DE19719398A1 (de) | 1998-11-12 |
| DE59801008D1 (de) | 2001-08-16 |
| ES2161532T3 (es) | 2001-12-01 |
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