EP0979327B1 - Shaped block, especially a concrete block - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a shaped block (1), especially a concrete block, for paving. The inventive block has groove-shaped recesses (9, 16) on the underside (8) for improved water drainage, said recesses being positioned preferably vertically on top of each other so as to form cross-shaped channels.

Description

The invention relates to a molded block, in particular from Concrete, according to the preamble of claim 1.

State of the art, problem:

With increasing density of buildings, the derivation of Rainwater on streets or squares more difficult. Paving stones with relatively large spacers and Correspondingly wide joints can help here. Most of the time, however, such joints either become greenery filled up or closed by deposited dirt. This makes the outflow of water difficult. Since the Paving stones in general on a heavily compacted Substructure to be laid to avoid later warping, are the seepage properties by such a compacted Substructure also lowered.

A molded block has become known from EP 0 504 536 B1, the continuous grooves on its underside or Half grooves on opposite side surfaces has, which form cavities and in the installed state as Water intake channels serve. From the top, d. H. of the' Stepping side of the paving stone can be known in the water Way through between the stones using spacers guaranteed joints flow into these rain grooves. On such covering with such paving stones thus has one certain water storage capacity through the grooves formed on. This water storage capacity serves as a buffer Recording a large, especially sudden amounts of water, e.g. B. with cloudbursts, which then can slowly seep through the substructure. It can too vertical openings at the top of the Form stone or be provided on the side surfaces, the one Allow water to drain into the grooves.

The formation of a variety of grooves on the bottom or on the side surfaces of the shaped block has the advantage a large storage capacity for water as well as the advantage the weight saving. A variety of grooves however deteriorates the contact surface to the substructure and the Fracture stability of such shaped stones. The stone must be massively trained accordingly. Furthermore, the well-known stone with parallel grooves or half-grooves, which, if appropriate Allow long drainage channels to be formed for water.

DE-U-9415777 is a molded block according to the preamble of claim 1 became known. In this cuboid Shaped stone will be at about half the height of the shaped stone Generous recesses or grooves formed as water-absorbing horizontal, large-volume channels inside of the shaped stone are formed. A derivative of the Surface water in the subsurface is with this shaped stone not provided.

Object, solution and advantages of the invention:

Starting from the closest prior art, the Invention based on the task of making it as simple as possible built stone to create an extraordinary good drainage of surface water allowed and its external appearance as conventional as possible to usual Paving stones is formed. The design should the measures for draining surface water like this simply be designed so that there are no elevated ones Molding costs are required in its manufacture and that moreover, the breaking strength of the molded block is not suffer from.

This task is based on a shaped block after this Genus of claim 1 by the characterizing features of Claim 1 solved.

By the measures listed in the subclaims advantageous improvements and developments of the invention possible.

The invention accordingly has the main idea that instead of several parallel grooves or Half-grooves on the underside of the shaped stone now in the Mainly groove-shaped recesses or cavities be used at an angle of 90 ° to each other stand, d. H. form right-angled water drainage channels. there is along at least one of these grooves in the lower area arranged on a side surface of the shaped block, as it were Half-groove, while the other groove also on one adjacent side surface similar to the first groove is or penetrates the central area of the stone as a groove. The key is the vertical arrangement of the grooves to each other, whereby the water can flow crisscross. The Side grooves are therefore no longer on two opposite Stone flanks, but arranged around a corner. The resulting tunnel system results in the installed state consequently crisscross channels. Also the alternative embodiment with one on the side wall outer groove and one on the bottom The water groove is arranged at right angles to each other. Consequently there is also a crisscross pattern here Water management. Depending on the size of the stone, a or several transverse grooves can be provided.

The shaped stones are expediently with lateral Spacers designed to form a joint for the To allow water drainage. The spacers also form interlocking elements like this shown for example in EP 0 504 536 mentioned at the outset is.

However, the shaped stones can also be used without a spacer be formed with vertical channels from the top or vertical lateral grooves on the side surfaces Connection to the lower cavities or grooves accomplish.

The formation of two lateral ones is particularly advantageous Grooves on two adjacent side surfaces, each as one Kind of continuous half grooves are formed. In Further development of the invention can of course also further grooves in the side area or on the underside of the Form stone can be provided.

The shaped blocks according to the invention are in their cross section square, rectangular, as trapezoidal shapes or in shape a diamond. This results in Possibilities of variation when laying such shaped stones.

The molded block is particularly suitable for connection with a glued or applied natural stone surface, which give the shaped stone a beautiful design and a noble one conveyed optical expression. The one behind the natural stone slab existing backing concrete can already be in the corresponding reduced in size to fit the side Form grooves for water drainage. Usually will however, the grooves formed in the lower area of the back concrete.

The stone shape thus formed can also be easily by a Use 180 ° rotation, d. H. with pointing upwards Grooves. As a result, drainage channels for Water formed. At the same time there is a vibrating surface for Vehicles in pedestrianized areas.

In particular, with the embodiments according to the invention the weight of the shaped stone can be reduced because of the stone height can be trained lower than usual. Still they are Shaped stones suitable for an optimal water balance.

Further details and advantages of the invention emerge from the exemplary embodiments explained below.

Fig. 1a - 1c

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel mit der perspektivischen Ansicht in Fig. 1a, der Draufsicht in Fig. 1b und der Seitenansicht in Fig. 1c,

Fig. 2a - 2c

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel in analoger Darstellung wie Fig. 1a - 1c,

Fig. 3

ein Verlegebeispiel des Ausführungsbeispiels nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 4

ein Verlegebeispiel des Ausführungsbeispiels nach Fig. 2,

Fig. 5a - 5c

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel mit trapezförmigen Steinformen in erster Ausführungsvariante,

Fig. 6a - 6c

ein trapezförmiger Formstein in zweiter Ausführungsvariante,

Fig. 7a - 7c

ein rautenförmiger Formstein in erster Ausführungsvariante und

Fig. 8a - 8c

ein rautenförmiger Formstein in zweiter Ausführungsvariante.

Show in detail

1a-1c

a first embodiment with the perspective view in Fig. 1a, the top view in Fig. 1b and the side view in Fig. 1c,

2a-2c

a second embodiment in an analogous representation as Fig. 1a - 1c,

Fig. 3

1 shows a laying example of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 4

2 shows a laying example of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2,

5a-5c

another embodiment with trapezoidal stone shapes in the first embodiment,

6a-6c

a trapezoidal shaped stone in a second embodiment,

7a-7c

a diamond-shaped stone in the first embodiment and

Figures 8a-8c

a diamond-shaped stone in a second variant.

Description of the embodiments:

The first exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 a - 1 c shows a molded block 1 in a perspective view in FIG. 1 a, in a top view in FIG. 1 b and in a side view in FIG. 1 c. The shaped block has a square cross section as shown in FIG. 1b with a side length a. The height of the shaped block is indicated by h ₁ in FIG. 1c.

The shaped block 1 has an upper or upper surface 7, one Bottom or bottom surface 8 and four side surfaces 9-12 on. On the side surfaces 9 - 12 are Spacers 13, which are designed in different variations could be. These spacers 13 are used to form a Joint between the laid shaped stones, as can be seen from the Fig. 3 for the embodiment of Fig. 1 results. Of course, the spacers can also be wider be designed to have a certain interlocking between the To form stones with each other (see EP 0 504 536 B1).

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 a - 1 c, the shaped block 1 has two intersecting half grooves or half grooves 14, 15, which are each located in the lower region of the side surfaces 9 and 10. The half-grooves 14, 15 meet at the corner point 17, ie in the lower region of the adjoining side surfaces 9 and 10. The height of the half-glasses is designated by h ₂ , the width of the half-glasses by b ₁ , where b _{1 is} approximately = ½ h ₂ . The half-grooves 14, 15 are located only on the two adjacent side walls 9 and 10, while the further side walls 11 and 12 have no corresponding grooves.

From the laying example of the shaped block 1 in Fig. 3 in Runners' association can be seen that the grooves 14, 15 a Formstones not with the corresponding grooves one adjoining shaped blocks but only form aligned and intersecting channels. So is one Water distribution system created, which is a criss-cross running water in the substructure of the shaped stones.

In Fig. 3 the arrangement of the respective spacers is only symbolically entered. Of course they touch Side walls each with the spacers. Farther the spacers 13 can also be pushed against each other to form even wider joints.

2a-2c is another embodiment of a Shaped stone 2 shown, the same in its basic form is like the molded block 1 in Figs. 1a - 1c. On the the corresponding explanation is referred to.

It is different from the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1a-1c the arrangement of a further groove 16 which is transverse to the half-groove 15 in middle area of the bottom 8 of the shaped block. The Half-groove 15 on the side wall 10 is designed the same as in the embodiment of FIG. 1. However, the Half-rims 14 on the side wall 9.

The groove 16 can approximately on the plane of symmetry 18 of the Form stone 2 may be arranged. Other versions can also several, parallel grooves 16 on the Provide the bottom 8 of the shaped block 2.

The width b _{2 of} the groove 16 is approximately twice that of the width b _{1 of} the half-groove 15 or half-groove 14 in FIG. 1. The groove 16 is accordingly formed by a semicircular cross section with a diameter b ₂ or h ₂ .

As can be seen from the comparison of FIGS. 1a, 2a, the height h _{3 of} the spacers 13 on side surfaces with lower half-grooves 14, 15 is smaller than the height h ₄ of spacers 13 'on those side surfaces which do not have half grooves in their lower Have range. This can be seen from the side surfaces 9, 10 in Fig. 2a. The remaining side surfaces 11, 12 have longer spacers 13 ', since they have no lower half-grooves.

4 shows a laying example of the shaped blocks 2 Fig. 2 in the group of runners, again the grooves 15, 16th not adjacent stones, but on the are each arranged on the opposite side, so that again aligned, cross-shaped channels result.

4 can of course also be used modified to be laid in the cross structure. In this case the grooves 16 of adjacent stones would be aligned with one another.

The embodiment of FIGS. 5a-5c shows one corresponding representation of a shaped block 3 with a trapezoidal shape Cross-section. Analogous to the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1a-1c again have two adjoining side surfaces 9, 10 each have half-grooves 14, 15 in their lower region. The two other side surfaces 11, 12 in turn have none Water guide grooves.

6a-6c is in analog form to Fig. 2a - 2c formed, but with a shaped stone 4 with trapezoidal cross section as described in FIG. 5. The lateral half-groove 15 is accordingly a central groove 16 assigned as described for FIG. 2. The groove 16 can in turn be located in the area of the plane of symmetry 18.

5 and 6 are again varies in the design variants according to FIGS. 7 and 8, however with shaped stones 5, 6 with a diamond-shaped Cross-section. The shaped block 5 in FIGS. 7a-7c again on its two adjoining side surfaces 9, 10 each have half-grooves 14, 15. In contrast, the Shaped stone 6 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 8a-8c middle groove 16 which is perpendicular to the lateral groove 15 stands. The half-grooves 14, 15 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 accordingly run parallel to the respective side wall 9, 10. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8, the groove 16 is vertical to half-glasses 15, d. H. not parallel to the side walls 9, 11 arranged. However, the groove 16 can also be parallel to the Side walls 9, 11 may be arranged.

All of the exemplary embodiments can have an upper natural stone slab 19 which, with the back concrete 20 lying behind it, z. B. are glued. In the exemplary embodiments, the height h ₅ or the thickness h _{5 of} the natural stone slab 19 is made much smaller than the height h _{6 of} the back concrete layer 20. The spacers 13, 13 ′ are also at a distance h _{7 from} the lower edge of the natural stone slab 19.

The invention is not limited to that shown and described Embodiments limited. Rather, it includes everyone Modifications and further training in the context of Patent claims.

Claims (9)

1. A shaped block, made from concrete, for a paving stone surface which is provided with means for water run-off from the upper side to the under side of the shaped block, wherein formed on a lateral face (9, 10) of the shaped block (1 - 6) in its lower region is a recess (14, 15) which is open to the base, runs roughly horizontally and which extends over the entire length of the lateral face (9, 10), and wherein at least one further recess (14 - 16) which is open to the base and runs roughly horizontally is provided and the recesses are connected to one another,
   characterised in that the shaped block (1) comprises only two recesses (14 - 16), which are disposed either at two mutually adjacent lateral faces (9, 10) or at just one lateral face (10) and as a recess (16) in the region of the under side (8) of the shaped block,
   and in that all lateral faces (9 - 12) comprise spacers (13, 13') for forming a block joint, extending over the entire height of the lateral face (9, 10), between the laid shaped blocks.
2. A shaped block according to Claim 1,
   characterised in that the recesses (14 - 16) are constructed as half-grooves (14, 15) in the region of the side walls (9, 10) or as a channel on the under side (8) of the shaped block, with two channels being perpendicular to one another.
3. A shaped block according to Claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that several grooves, which discharge in a lateral groove (15) on a side wall (10), are provided on the under side (8) of the shaped block.
4. A shaped block according to one of the above-mentioned Claims,
   characterised in that the lateral faces and/or the upper side of the shaped block comprise through-channels extending roughly vertically, which lead to the recesses or grooves on the under side of the shaped block.
5. A shaped block according to one of the above-mentioned Claims,
   characterised in that it comprises a square or rectangular cross section.
6. A shaped block according to one of the above-mentioned Claims,
   characterised in that the shaped block comprises a trapezoidal or rhombic cross section.
7. A shaped block according to one of the above-mentioned Claims,
   characterised in that an upper natural stone plate is applied.
8. A shaped block according to Claim 7,
   characterised in that recesses for a water channel are formed beneath the natural stone plate.
9. A shaped block according to Claim 2,
   characterised in that the half-grooves (14, 15) opening into one another in the corner region of two adjacent lateral faces (9, 10) have a width b₁ and a height h₂, where b₁ ≅ ½ h₂.

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