WO1998050632A1

WO1998050632A1 - Shaped block, especially a concrete block

Info

Publication number: WO1998050632A1
Application number: PCT/EP1998/002473
Authority: WO
Inventors: Rolf Scheiwiller
Original assignee: Rolf Scheiwiller
Priority date: 1997-05-02
Filing date: 1998-04-25
Publication date: 1998-11-12
Also published as: DE59810799D1; DE19718363A1; EP0979327A1; ATE259920T1; EP0979327B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a shaped block (1), especially a concrete block, for paving. The inventive block has groove-shaped recesses (9, 16) on the underside (8) for improved water drainage, said recesses being positioned preferably vertically on top of each other so as to form cross-shaped channels.

Description

"Molded stone, especially made of concrete"

The invention relates to a molded block, in particular made of concrete, according to the preamble of claim 1.

State of the art, problem:

With increasing density of buildings, the drainage of rainwater on streets or squares becomes more and more difficult. Paving stones with relatively large spacers and correspondingly wide joints can help here. Most of the time, however, such joints are either filled up for greening or closed by deposited dirt. This makes the outflow of water difficult. Since the paving stones are generally laid on a heavily compacted substructure in order to avoid later warping, the seepage properties are also reduced by such a compacted substructure.

EP 0 504 536 B1 has disclosed a shaped block which has continuous grooves on its underside or half grooves on the edge area on opposite side surfaces, which form cavities and in the laid state as

Water intake channels serve. From the top, ie from the step side of the paving stone, the water can pass in a known manner between the stones by means of spacers guaranteed joints flow into these rain grooves. Such a covering with such paving stones thus has a certain water storage capacity due to the grooves formed. This water storage capacity serves as a buffer for receiving a large amount of water, especially suddenly occurring, e.g. B. in cloudbursts, which can then slowly seep through the substructure. Vertical passage openings can also be provided on the top of the shaped block or on the side surfaces, which allow the water to drain into the grooves.

The formation of a plurality of grooves on the underside or on the side surfaces of the shaped block has the advantage of a large storage capacity for water and the advantage of saving weight. However, a large number of grooves deteriorate the contact surface for the substructure and the fracture stability of such stones. The molded block must accordingly be solid. Furthermore, the known shaped block is formed with grooves or half-grooves lying parallel to one another, with which long drainage channels for water can be formed with a corresponding installation type.

Object, solution and advantages of the invention;

The invention has for its object to develop such a known shaped block in such a way that with at least consistently good quality of water absorption, an increased strength of the shaped block against breakage and improved support options with the substructure are formed, while at the same time simplified production of such a shaped block.

This object is achieved on the basis of a molded block according to this category of claim 1 by the characterizing features of claim 1.

By the measures listed in the subclaims advantageous improvements and developments of the invention are possible.

The invention accordingly has the core idea that instead of a plurality of parallel grooves or half-grooves on the underside of the shaped block, now essentially groove-shaped recesses or cavities are used, which are at an angle of 90 ° to each other, i. H. form right-angled water drainage channels. At least one of these grooves is arranged in the lower region along a side surface of the shaped stone, so to speak as a half-groove, while the other groove is also arranged on an adjacent side surface similar to the first groove or as a groove penetrates the central region of the stone. The key is the vertical arrangement of the grooves to each other, so that the water can flow crisscross. The side grooves are therefore no longer arranged on two opposite stone flanks, but around a corner. The tunnel system thus created in the installed state consequently results in channels arranged criss-cross to one another. The alternative embodiment with an outer groove on the side wall and a water groove on the underside also takes place at right angles to one another. This also results in a crisscross water flow. Depending on the size of the stone, one or more transverse grooves can be provided on the underside.

The shaped blocks are expediently formed with lateral spacers in order to allow the formation of gaps for the water drainage. The spacers can also form interlocking elements, as is shown, for example, in EP 0 504 536 mentioned at the beginning.

However, the shaped blocks can also be designed without spacers, vertical channels from the top or vertical lateral grooves on the side surfaces Establish a connection to the lower cavities or grooves.

The formation of two lateral grooves on two adjacent side surfaces, which are each designed as a type of continuous half grooves, is particularly advantageous. In a further development of the invention, further grooves can of course also be provided in the side area or on the underside of the shaped block.

The shaped blocks according to the invention are square, rectangular, trapezoidal or diamond-shaped in their cross section. This results in possible variations when laying such shaped bricks.

The shaped stone is particularly suitable for connection to a glued or applied natural stone surface, which gives the shaped stone an elegant design and a noble optical expression. The back concrete behind the natural stone slab can already be cut to a correspondingly smaller size in order to form the lateral grooves for the water drainage. Usually, however, the grooves are formed in the lower area of the back concrete.

The stone shape thus formed can also be easily used by rotating it through 180 °, i.e. H. with upward facing grooves. This creates drainage channels for water in the upper stone area. At the same time, there is a vibrating surface for vehicles in pedestrianized zones.

With the embodiments according to the invention, in particular the weight of the shaped stone can be reduced, since the stone height can be made lower than usual. Nevertheless, the shaped stones are suitable for an optimal water balance.

Further details and advantages of the invention emerge from the exemplary embodiments explained below.

Show in detail

La-lσ a first embodiment with the perspective view in Fig. La, the top view in Fig. Lb and the side view in Fig. Lc,

2a-2c a second embodiment in an analogous representation as Fig. La-lc,

3 is a laying example of the embodiment of FIG. 1,

4 is a laying example of the embodiment of FIG. 2,

5a - 5c another embodiment with trapezoidal stone shapes in the first embodiment,

6a-6c a trapezoidal shaped block in a second embodiment,

7a - 7c a diamond-shaped shaped block in the first embodiment and

8a-8c a diamond-shaped molded block in a second embodiment.

Description of the embodiments:

The first exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 a - 1 c shows a molded block 1 in a perspective view in FIG. 1 a, in a top view in FIG. 1 b and in a side view in FIG. 1 c. The shaped block has a square cross section accordingly the representation Fig. lb with a side length a, the height of the shaped block is indicated in Fig. lc with h.

The shaped block 1 has a top or top surface 1, a bottom or bottom surface 8 and four side surfaces 9-12. On the side surfaces 9 - 12 are

Spacers 13, which can be designed in different variations. These spacers 13 serve to form a joint between the laid shaped blocks, as can be seen in FIG. 3 for the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1. The spacers can of course also be made wider in order to form a certain interlocking between the stones (see EP 0 504 536 B1).

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 a - 1 c, the shaped block 1 has two intersecting half grooves or half grooves 14, 15, which are each located in the lower region of the side surfaces 9 and 10. The half-grooves 14, 15 meet at the corner point 17, ie in the lower region of the adjoining side surfaces 9 and 10. The height of the half-groove is designated by h ₂ , the width of the half-groove by b ₁ , where b _{α is} approximately = hh ₂ . The half-grooves 14, 15 are located only on the two adjacent side walls 9 and 10, while the further side walls 11 and 12 have no corresponding grooves.

From the laying example of the shaped block 1 in FIG. 3 in the group of runners, it can be seen that the grooves 14, 15 of a shaped block do not lie against one another with the corresponding grooves of an adjacent shaped block, but merely form aligned and intersecting channels. This creates a water distribution system that enables water to flow crisscross in the substructure of the shaped blocks.

The arrangement of the respective spacers is only entered symbolically in FIG. 3. Of course, the side walls touch each other with the spacers. Farther the spacers 13 can also be laid so as to abut one another in order to form even wider joints.

FIGS. 2a-2c show a further embodiment example of a shaped block 2 which has the same basic structure as the shaped block 1 in FIGS. La-lc. Please refer to the corresponding explanation.

The arrangement of a further groove 16, which runs transversely to the groove 15 in the central region of the underside 8 of the shaped block, differs from the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. The half-groove 15 on the side wall 10 is of the same design as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1. However, the half-groove 14 on the side wall 9 is missing.

The groove 16 can be arranged approximately on the plane of symmetry 18 of the shaped block 2. Further design variants can also provide a plurality of parallel grooves 16 on the underside 8 of the shaped block 2.

The width b _{2 of} the groove 16 is approximately twice the width b _{x of} the groove 15 or the groove 14 in FIG. 1. The groove 16 is accordingly formed by a semicircular cross section with the diameter b ₂ or h ₂ .

As can be seen from the comparison of Fig. La, 2a, the height h _{3 of} the spacers 13 on side surfaces with lower half-grooves 14, 15 turns out to be smaller than the height h ₄ of spacers 13 'on those side surfaces which do not have half grooves in their lower Have range. This can be seen from the side surfaces 9, 10 in Fig. 2a. The other side surfaces 11, 12 have longer spacers 13 ', since they have no lower half-grooves.

FIG. 4 shows an example of laying the shaped stones 2 according to FIG. 2 in a runner association, the grooves 15, 16 of adjacent stones again not adjoining each other, but on the are respectively arranged on the opposite side, so that in turn there are flush, cross-shaped channels.

4 can of course also be laid modified in the cross structure. In this case, the grooves 16 of adjacent stones would be aligned with one another.

The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 5a-5c shows a corresponding representation of a shaped block 3 with a trapezoidal cross section. Analogously to the first exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 a - lc, two adjacent side surfaces 9, 10 each have half-grooves 14, 15 in their lower region. The two other side surfaces 11, 12 in turn have no water guide grooves.

The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 6a-6c is designed in an analogous form to FIGS. 2a-2c, but with a shaped block 4 with a trapezoidal cross-section as described for FIG. 5. The lateral half-groove 15 is accordingly assigned a central groove 16, as is described in relation to FIG. 2. The groove 16 can in turn be located in the region of the plane of symmetry 18.

The embodiment variants according to FIGS. 5 and 6 are again varied in the embodiment variants according to FIGS. 7 and 8, but with shaped stones 5, 6 with a diamond-shaped cross section. The shaped block 5 in FIGS. 7a-7c in turn has half-grooves 14, 15 on its two adjoining side surfaces 9, 10. In contrast, the shaped block 6 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 8a-8c has a central groove 16 which is perpendicular to the lateral groove 15. The grooves 14, 15 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 accordingly run parallel to the respective side wall 9, 10. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8, the groove 16 is arranged perpendicular to the groove 15, ie not parallel to the side walls 9, 11. However, the groove 16 can also be arranged parallel to the side walls 9, 11. All of the exemplary embodiments can have an upper natural stone plate 19 which, with the back concrete 20 lying behind it, z. B _{9 are} glued. In the exemplary embodiments, the height h ₅ or the thickness h _{5 of} the natural stone slab 19 is made much smaller than the height h _{s of} the back concrete layer 20. The spacers 13, 13 ′ also have a remaining distance h _{7 from} the lower edge of the natural stone slab 19.

The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown and described. Rather, it also includes all modifications and further training in the context of property rights claims.

Claims

Expectations!

1. molded block, in particular made of concrete, for a paving stone covering which is provided with means for a water drain from the top of the molded block, characterized in that on at least one side surface (9, 10) of the molded block (1 - 6) an open at the bottom Cavity is formed, which extends over the entire length of the side surface (9, 10), at least one further cavity being provided which is approximately perpendicular to the first cavity and the cavities open into one another.

2. Shaped stone according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavities (14 - 16) are designed as half-grooves (14, 15) in the region of the side wall (9, 10) or as a groove on the underside (8) of the shaped stone, two Grooves are perpendicular to each other.

3. Shaped stone according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that several grooves are provided on the underside (8) of the shaped stone, which open into a side groove (15) on a side wall (10).

4. Shaped stone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the side surfaces (9 - 12) at least partially spacers (13, 13 ') to form a stone joint between the laid stones, the spacers are preferably toothed or non-toothed.

5. Shaped stone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the side surfaces and / or the top of the shaped stone have approximately vertically extending through channels which lead to the cavities or grooves on the underside of the shaped stone.

6. Molded stone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a square or rectangular cross section.

7. molded block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the molded block has a trapezoidal or diamond-shaped cross section.

8. Shaped stone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an upper natural stone slab is applied.

9. molded block according to claim 8, characterized in that cavities for a water channel are formed below the natural stone slab.