EP0978696A1 - Wärme-oder Kältemaschine mit einem verdampfbaren Wärmteträgerfluid - Google Patents
Wärme-oder Kältemaschine mit einem verdampfbaren Wärmteträgerfluid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0978696A1 EP0978696A1 EP98114545A EP98114545A EP0978696A1 EP 0978696 A1 EP0978696 A1 EP 0978696A1 EP 98114545 A EP98114545 A EP 98114545A EP 98114545 A EP98114545 A EP 98114545A EP 0978696 A1 EP0978696 A1 EP 0978696A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- container
- heat
- transfer fluid
- heat transfer
- machine according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/02—Compression-sorption machines, plants, or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
- F25B17/08—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
- F25B39/026—Evaporators specially adapted for sorption type systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a Heat or cooling machine with an evaporable heat transfer fluid.
- the absorption refrigerator gets by.
- Man uses a chemisorption material (usually an ammonia solution) in an absorber container that is in a cooling phase the coolant vapors are absorbed and used in a regeneration or Heating phase releases liquid coolant again.
- chemisorption material usually an ammonia solution
- the object of the invention is a machine Specify the type mentioned at the beginning, their energy efficiency significantly improved compared to that of an absorption refrigerator compared to a compression refrigerator allowed to achieve a larger temperature difference.
- this object is achieved by that a container in a porous structure is a chemisorbent material contains a controllable inlet for heat transfer fluid is provided in the container and that the Vapor space of this container on the outlet side via a compressor is connected to a heat sink.
- Such a porous material (silica gel) is known per se from DE-43 05 264-A, which is impregnated with a water-selective sorption material (CaCl 2 ).
- a container 1, also referred to below as a sorbent container contains an open pore Carrier material made with a selective water sorbent material is impregnated.
- the impregnated porous material fills the entire volume of this container, for example.
- On this container is the suction inlet of a compressor 2 connected, the output of which opens into a heat sink 3.
- This heat sink 3 can be in a first embodiment Be condenser in which a cooling coil 4 for extraction the resulting heat and thus the condensation of the Compressor supplied steam serves.
- this heat sink for short or long term storage of Thermal energy also contain a porous support material that is impregnated with water sorption material. In the latter Fall would have to cycle through the absorbed water Heat supply can be expelled.
- the water formed passes through a controllable Valve 12 in a collector 5 and is from there by short-term Opening a valve 6 into a tank 7 if necessary derived.
- a valve 13 serves to vent the collector and is open during the emptying of the collector 5.
- Out the tank 7 is steam if necessary by opening a Valve 8 pressed into the sorbent container 1.
- a vacuum pump is connected to the container 1 via a valve 11 10 connected with the at the start of operations Machine or during operation permanent gases if required can be removed from the system.
- the permanent gas pressure should always be at or below 1 mbar. Even the collector 5 should be permanently gas-free, which is indicated by a valve 14 provided connection to the vacuum pump 10 is reached.
- the device according to the invention works as follows: First, it is assumed that it is a heating machine, for example for seasonal energy storage in container 1. In winter, the condenser 3 supplies heat to a consumer via the cooling coil 4, while the container 1 has a temperature of, for example 25 ° C. By supplying water vapor via the valve 8, the average loading of the porous material is set, for example, to 0.34 grams of water in 1 gram of the porous material. From the isosteric field of the vapor pressure p with respect to the temperature T for various loads (FIG. 2) of the sorption material with water, a vapor pressure in the container 1 of about 10 mbar results for the sorption material CaCl 2 , for example. The saturation line S is the upper limit of the isostere field.
- the compressor 2 pumps water vapor into the condenser 3 at a pressure of 23 mbar, where it condenses.
- the heat of condensation is removed via the cooling coil 4, and the condensate flows into the collector 5.
- the valve 6 is periodically opened briefly in order to drain water into the tank 7.
- the tank 7 should also use heat sources available in winter (domestic waste water, solar heating or an electric heater) to the highest possible Temperature and thus a high vapor pressure can be brought.
- heat sources available in winter domestic waste water, solar heating or an electric heater
- the device works as a refrigerator. It is assumed that refrigerated goods are thermally mixed with the container 1 is coupled, for example inside this container lies. This refrigerated goods should be at a temperature of 5 ° C be held even though it generates heat or through heat imperfect insulation enters container 1, then there is a vapor pressure in container 1 of approximately 2 mbar a load of 0.34 as above. With a compressor 2, its compression ratio e.g. has the value 11.5 a pressure of 23 mbar in the condenser 3 again. The heat of condensation can be via an air-cooled condenser 4 are discharged, so that the condensate back in expires the collector.
- the line 15 between the valve 8 and the tank 7 extend to the bottom of the tank. If as shown the tank is below the container 1, would also be a pump (not shown) required to supply the water to lift into the container.
- a cooling coil 4 a water-absorbing material such as Provide in container 1 that the delivered by the compressor Steam is absorbed for a period of time.
- the Water absorption capacity of the sorbent material can the pressure increase in the compressor can be fully utilized. First if the water intake despite that by the compressor generated higher pressure towards the saturation must by Heat supply to expel the water, for example by a solar collector (not shown).
- valve Bypass line between the input and the output of the Compressor 2 to be provided. If in the heat sink 3 the water sorption material in comparison to container 1 very much is dry, the suction effect of this material and is sufficient mechanical compression is unnecessary. By switching on the compressor then becomes the work area as opposed to a normal absorption refrigerator greatly expanded before the sorption material can be regenerated in the heat sink 3 got to.
- the drive motor for the compressor is preferably on Three-phase motor controlled by a frequency converter becomes.
- the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments described above. This applies in particular with regard to the numerical information on temperatures, pressures and loading.
- silica gel with CaCl 2 it is also possible to use alumina or hygroscopic salts as the sorption material and, instead of water, ammonia or alcohols as the heat transfer fluid (sorbate).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
- Wärme- oder Kältemaschine mit einem verdampfbaren Wärmeträgerfluid, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Behälter (1) in einer porösen Struktur ein Chemisorptionsmaterial enthält, daß ein steuerbarer Einlaß (8) für Wärmeträgerfluid in den Behälter vorgesehen ist und daß der Dampfraum dieses Behälters ausgangsseitig über einen Verdichter (2) mit einer Wärmesenke (3) verbunden ist.
- Maschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wärmesenke (3) als Kondensator (4) ausgebildet ist, aus dem die Wärme entnommen wird.
- Maschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wärmesenke (3) aus einer mit einem Chemisorptionsmaterial imprägnierten porösen Struktur besteht und Mittel zur intermittierend zyklischen Austreibung des Wärmeträgerfluids aufweist.
- Maschine nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verdichter mit einer Umgehungsleitung versehen ist, in der ein steuerbares Ventil (9) sitzt.
- Maschine nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Tank (7) für flüssiges Wärmeträgerfluid vorgesehen ist, in den das gemäß Anspruch 2 ausgetriebene oder gemäß Anspruch 3 gebildete flüssige Fluid gelangt und aus dem der steuerbare Einlaß (8) gespeist wird.
- Maschine nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verdichter (2) in die Wärmesenke (3) baulich integriert ist und seine Verlustwärme an diesen abgibt.
- Maschine nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Wärmeträgerfluid aus der Gruppe ausgewählt wird, die Wasser, Ammoniak und Alkohole enthält.
- Maschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Behälter (1) als Flachbehälter ausgebildet ist, der mindestens einen Teil der Wände eines Kühlraums definiert.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98114545A EP0978696B1 (de) | 1998-08-03 | 1998-08-03 | Wärme- oder Kältemaschine mit einem verdampfbaren Wärmeträgerfluid |
DE59808826T DE59808826D1 (de) | 1998-08-03 | 1998-08-03 | Wärme- oder Kältemaschine mit einem verdampfbaren Wärmeträgerfluid |
AT98114545T ATE243832T1 (de) | 1998-08-03 | 1998-08-03 | Wärme- oder kältemaschine mit einem verdampfbaren wärmeträgerfluid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98114545A EP0978696B1 (de) | 1998-08-03 | 1998-08-03 | Wärme- oder Kältemaschine mit einem verdampfbaren Wärmeträgerfluid |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0978696A1 true EP0978696A1 (de) | 2000-02-09 |
EP0978696B1 EP0978696B1 (de) | 2003-06-25 |
Family
ID=8232398
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98114545A Expired - Lifetime EP0978696B1 (de) | 1998-08-03 | 1998-08-03 | Wärme- oder Kältemaschine mit einem verdampfbaren Wärmeträgerfluid |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0978696B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE243832T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59808826D1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7152413B1 (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2006-12-26 | Anderson R David | Thermal energy transfer unit and method |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4183734A (en) * | 1977-06-01 | 1980-01-15 | Cjb Developments Limited | Adsorption heat pump |
GB2083905A (en) * | 1980-09-10 | 1982-03-31 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Heat storage process and system |
DE3331826A1 (de) * | 1983-09-01 | 1985-03-21 | ATP - Arbeitsgruppe Technische Photosynthese GmbH & Co Produktions KG, 1000 Berlin | Chemische waermepumpe mit mechanischer oder elektrischer energieeinspeisung |
DE3936717A1 (de) * | 1988-11-03 | 1990-05-10 | Lavie Ram | Kuehlkreisprozess unter verwendung von dampf-kompression |
EP0443620A2 (de) * | 1990-02-23 | 1991-08-28 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Wärmepumpe |
DE9213616U1 (de) * | 1991-11-29 | 1992-12-10 | Dornier Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen | Periodisch arbeitende Absorptionsmaschine |
JPH0571887A (ja) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-03-23 | Technol Res Assoc Super Heat Pump Energ Accum Syst | 蓄熱方法 |
JPH05223478A (ja) * | 1991-03-11 | 1993-08-31 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | ケミカル蓄熱装置 |
JPH0634230A (ja) * | 1992-07-21 | 1994-02-08 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 冷熱発生装置 |
DE4305264A1 (de) | 1990-06-15 | 1994-08-25 | Inst Kataliza Sib Otdel Rossij | Wärmeakkumulierendes Material und seine Anwendung |
-
1998
- 1998-08-03 DE DE59808826T patent/DE59808826D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-08-03 EP EP98114545A patent/EP0978696B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-03 AT AT98114545T patent/ATE243832T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4183734A (en) * | 1977-06-01 | 1980-01-15 | Cjb Developments Limited | Adsorption heat pump |
GB2083905A (en) * | 1980-09-10 | 1982-03-31 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Heat storage process and system |
DE3331826A1 (de) * | 1983-09-01 | 1985-03-21 | ATP - Arbeitsgruppe Technische Photosynthese GmbH & Co Produktions KG, 1000 Berlin | Chemische waermepumpe mit mechanischer oder elektrischer energieeinspeisung |
DE3936717A1 (de) * | 1988-11-03 | 1990-05-10 | Lavie Ram | Kuehlkreisprozess unter verwendung von dampf-kompression |
EP0443620A2 (de) * | 1990-02-23 | 1991-08-28 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Wärmepumpe |
DE4305264A1 (de) | 1990-06-15 | 1994-08-25 | Inst Kataliza Sib Otdel Rossij | Wärmeakkumulierendes Material und seine Anwendung |
JPH05223478A (ja) * | 1991-03-11 | 1993-08-31 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | ケミカル蓄熱装置 |
JPH0571887A (ja) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-03-23 | Technol Res Assoc Super Heat Pump Energ Accum Syst | 蓄熱方法 |
DE9213616U1 (de) * | 1991-11-29 | 1992-12-10 | Dornier Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen | Periodisch arbeitende Absorptionsmaschine |
JPH0634230A (ja) * | 1992-07-21 | 1994-02-08 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 冷熱発生装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 395 (M - 1451) 23 July 1993 (1993-07-23) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 675 (M - 1526) 13 December 1993 (1993-12-13) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 254 (M - 1605) 16 May 1994 (1994-05-16) * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7152413B1 (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2006-12-26 | Anderson R David | Thermal energy transfer unit and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE243832T1 (de) | 2003-07-15 |
DE59808826D1 (de) | 2003-07-31 |
EP0978696B1 (de) | 2003-06-25 |
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