EP0974678A1 - Procédé et acier pour la fabrication d'une enceinte chaudronnée, travaillant en présence d'hydrogène sulfuré - Google Patents
Procédé et acier pour la fabrication d'une enceinte chaudronnée, travaillant en présence d'hydrogène sulfuré Download PDFInfo
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- EP0974678A1 EP0974678A1 EP99401632A EP99401632A EP0974678A1 EP 0974678 A1 EP0974678 A1 EP 0974678A1 EP 99401632 A EP99401632 A EP 99401632A EP 99401632 A EP99401632 A EP 99401632A EP 0974678 A1 EP0974678 A1 EP 0974678A1
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- Prior art keywords
- steel
- enclosure
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- chemical composition
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/50—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the manufacture of boilers intended to work under pressure under conditions of risk of cracking under stress caused by H 2 S.
- boiled enclosures are used to treat gases having high H 2 S contents. These enclosures which work under pressure and contain flammable gases pose significant safety problems which are resolved by applying codified construction rules.
- codified construction rules by different standards or building codes, in particular the NACE MR 0175-97 standard and the codes of the ASME code type.
- H 2 S in particular in the presence of moisture, creates risks of rupture by stress corrosion, and the NACE standard defines conditions for partial pressure of H 2 S for which specific construction rules must be observed to guarantee the safety of the installations. These construction rules are also defined by the standard and are binding on builders.
- the NACE MR 0175-97 standard requires that materials must give satisfactory results when tested for cracking in the presence of hydrogen defined by standard NACE TM 0177-90, and indicates very generally the materials and the conditions of implementation likely to give satisfaction.
- For boilers it is theoretically possible to use carbon or low alloy steels, too both in the normalized state and in the quenched quenched state, provided that these contain less than 1% nickel and they have a hardness less than or equal to 22 HRC. Yes the enclosures or their components have been tensioned, the stress relieving must have been executed above 595 ° C. In addition, after assembly by welding of the components, the enclosures must be subjected to a post-welding heat treatment at a temperature above 620 ° C so as to obtain a hardness less than or equal to 22 HRC at all points.
- pressure vessels working under the risk of cracking under stress caused by H 2 S are manufactured using carbon and manganese steels in the standardized state whose guaranteed tensile strength Rm does not exceed not 485 MPa. This results in significant wall thicknesses and therefore heavy weights for the equipment thus constructed. The high weight is an annoyance, especially for the equipment installed on marine platforms.
- micro low carbon steels alloyed with vanadium or niobium obtained by controlled rolling. These steels achieve a guaranteed tensile strength level of around 550 MPa and a limit level guaranteed elasticity of around 450 MPa. On the one hand, these steels are not usable for making hot formed parts, on the other hand, they are only applicable only to thicknesses less than 40 mm.
- suitable welding conditions must be chosen, characterized in particular by a minimum preheating temperature and a welding energy per unit of minimum length.
- These welding conditions can be synthesized in the form of a cooling time between 800 ° C and 500 ° C of the weld bead or the area affected by the heat of welding (as defined in standard NF A 36- 000).
- this cooling time must be greater than a critical value which they have called “trc 800/500” (which will be defined more fully below), and which is a function of the steel used and of the constraints imposed by the building codes. Welding is all the more difficult to perform with reliability as this value is high.
- Tempered steels used in boilermaking have a trc 800/500 (critical cooling time between 800 ° C and 500 ° C) greater than 10 s, which is too important to allow these steels to be used in satisfactory conditions for manufacturing H 2 S resistant pressure vessels
- the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a means for manufacturing boilers, working in H 2 S medium, lighter than known speakers, while also being safe.
- the chemical composition of the steel is such that Nb + V ⁇ 0.02%; preferably also, it is such that: 0.04% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.09% Cr ⁇ 0.6% 0.2% ⁇ Mo ⁇ 0.5%
- the invention also relates to a boiler enclosure intended to work under pressure between - 40 ° C and 200 ° C under the conditions of risk of cracking under stress generated by H 2 S as defined by the standard NACE MR 0175-97.
- the steel has a martensitic or martensito-bainitic tempered structure containing less than 10% ferrite, and preferably not containing ferrite, a tensile strength Rm greater than or equal to 550 MPa, a yield strength greater than or equal at 450 MPa, an elongation A% greater than 17%, and a resilience KCV at - 40 ° C greater than or equal to 40 Joules,
- the hardness at all points of the surface of the enclosure is less than 248 HV.
- the composition of the steel is such that Nb + V ⁇ 0.02%. It is also preferable that: 0.04% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.09% Cr ⁇ 0.6% 0.2% ⁇ Mo ⁇ 0.5%
- the thickness of the walls of the sheet metal enclosure can be between 50 mm and 300 mm.
- the chemical composition is such that Nb + V ⁇ 0.02%. It is also preferable that: 0.04% ⁇ C ⁇ 0.09% Cr ⁇ 0.6% 0.2% ⁇ Mo ⁇ 0.5%
- the steel is chosen so that the critical cooling time trc 800/500 is less than 10 s.
- the critical cooling time trc 800/500 is measured by a series B.O.P. (Bead On Plate) which consists of measuring the hardness under a bead on a 20 mm thick sample on which a weld bead was made by the submerged arc process, then a post-welding heat treatment consisting of holding at 620 ° C for 4 hours, this holding being preceded by a heating and followed by cooling both carried out at a speed less than 50 ° C / hour.
- B.O.P. Bead On Plate
- trc 800/500 we vary the energy of welding between 1 kJ / mm and 3 kJ / mm, which varies the cooling time tr 800/500 between 4s and 20s, then we draw the curve giving the hardness under bead as a function of the cooling time tr 800/500, and the time for determining cooling tr 800/500 for which the hardness under cord is 248 HV; this time is the critical cooling time trc 800/500.
- the hardness under cord is measured according to French standard NF A 81-460.
- the NACE standard refers to a lower hardness under cord at 22 HRC.
- HRC hardness measurement is often difficult to perform, more than in principle, it makes a local average of the hardness. It is better and more easy to carry out a Vickers hardness measurement, and because of the relationship between hardness Vickers and Rockwell C hardness, ensuring Vickers hardness less than or equal at 248 HV, a Rockwell C hardness of less than 22 HRC is guaranteed.
- the quenching is carried out after reheating above the AC 3 point of the steel by cooling with water, oil, blown air or air, depending on the thickness of the component.
- the heat treatment includes at least one tempering after quenching and carried out at a temperature generally greater than 550 ° C., and preferably less than 680 ° C.
- a tempering is carried out at a temperature above 680 ° C, it corresponds to an “intercritical” treatment. In this case, it can be necessary to control cooling as after quenching.
- the “post-welding” treatment is an income produced at a temperature greater than or equal to 595 ° C, and preferably greater than 620 ° C, but less than 680 ° C.
- the quenching treatment and income can be done before or after shaping, and income can be intended simply to facilitate shaping or on the contrary to impart to steel its final properties.
- the final properties of the steel itself are imparted by the post-welding treatment, and the pre-tempering temperature is lower than the post-welding treatment temperature.
- the post-welding treatment essentially serves to relax the enclosure and soften it areas affected by welding heat; the post-welding treatment must, then, be performed at a temperature below the tempering temperature.
- the temperature T PS of post-welding treatment making it possible to obtain a hardness under a bead of less than 248 HV (or 22 HRC) depends, in part on the parameter tr 800/500, it follows that it is preferable to simultaneously determine the conditions welding and post-welding treatment, which can be done by a few BOP tests on samples.
- steels having the following chemical compositions can be used: VS Yes Mn Or Cr Mo Cu V THIS AT 0.08 0.24 0.89 1.8 0.25 0.4 0.21 0.01 0.28 B 0.07 0.23 1.57 1.37 0.21 0.21 0.23 0.01 0.30 VS 0.06 0.23 1.72 1.77 0.11 0.21 0.24 0.01 0.31 D 0.06 0.23 1.32 1.6 0.26 0.25 0.2 0.01 0.28 E 0.06 0.16 0.9 1.87 0.25 0.4 0.21 0.01 0.25
- These steels can be quenched and then returned to 665 ° C to obtain a returned martensito-bainitic structure, free of ferrite having a hardness of between 195 and 210 HV.
- These steels have a critical cooling time trc 800/500 of less than 10 s, as shown by the following results, obtained using the method described above:
- a steel having the following composition can be used: VS Yes Mn Or Cr Mo Cu Al S P Sn Ace Sb THIS 0.04 0.14 1.20 0.85 0.18 0.29 0.72 0.02 0.002 0.006 0.015 0.014 0.001 0.26
- This steel has a critical cooling time trc 800/500 of less than 4 s.
- the pressure vessel should have been built with 106 mm thick sheets. We thus obtained a gain of weight of 12%.
- tempered steel which makes it possible to obtain on sheets approximately the same tensile characteristics as above, and which has the following chemical composition: VS Yes Mn Or Cr Mo Cu Al V S P Sn THIS 0.075 0.245 1.32 0.509 0.147 0.212 0.17 0.018 0.047 0.0007 0.0088 0.009 0.26
- this steel has the drawback of having a very high critical cooling time trc 800/500, since for a cooling time of 10.4 s, the hardness under a bead is 262 HV after a post-welding treatment of 4h at 620 ° C, which does not meet the conditions imposed by the NACE standard.
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
- on fabrique des composants de l'enceinte chaudronnée en acier dont la
composition chimique comprend, en poids :
0,03 % ≤ C ≤ 0,15%
0 % ≤ Si ≤ 0,5%
0,4 % ≤ Mn ≤ 2,5 %
0,5 % ≤ Ni ≤ 3 %
0 % ≤ Cr ≤ 1%
0 % ≤ Mo ≤ 0,5%
0 % ≤ Al ≤ 0,07 %
0 % ≤ Ti ≤ 0,04 %
avec, de préférence Al + Ti ≥ 0,01 %
0 % ≤ B < 0,004%
0 % ≤ V ≤ 0,02 %
0 % ≤ Nb ≤ 0,05 %
Cu ≤ 1 %
S ≤ 0,015 %
P ≤ 0,03 %
le reste étant du fer et des impuretés résultant de l'élaboration, la composition chimique étant telle que CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40 < 0,35, et telle que le trc 800/500 soit inférieur à 10s, les composants étant trempés et revenus, après ou avant mise en forme, de façon à obtenir une structure martensitique ou martensito-bainitique revenue contenant moins de 10 % de ferrite, et de préférence ne contenant pas de ferrite, le revenu étant effectué à une température TR de préférence inférieure à 680°C,- après mise en forme des composants, on effectue éventuellement un détensionnement à une température supérieure ou égale à 595°C,
- on soude les composants de l'enceinte chaudronnée avec une énergie de soudage et des conditions de préchauffage tels que le temps de refroidissement tr 800/500 entre 800°C et 500°C de la zone affectée par la chaleur de soudage soit supérieur ou égal à 5 secondes,
- et on effectue un traitement thermique post-soudage à une température TPS supérieure à 595°C et inférieure à 680°C, et de préférence inférieure à 650°C, l'acier ayant alors une résistance à la traction supérieure ou égale à 550 MPa, une limite d'élasticité supérieure ou égale à 450 MPa, un allongement A % supérieur à 17 %, et une résilience KCV à - 40°C supérieure à 40 Joules, et la dureté en tous points de la surface de l'enceinte est inférieure à 248 HV.
0,04 % ≤ C ≤ 0,09 %
Cr ≤ 0,6 %
0,2 % < Mo < 0,5 %
0,03 % ≤ C ≤ 0,15%
0 % ≤ Si ≤ 0,5%
0,4 % ≤ Mn ≤ 2,5 %
0,5 % ≤ Ni ≤ 3 %
0 % ≤ Cr ≤ 1%
0 % ≤ Mo ≤ 0,5%
0 % ≤ Al ≤ 0,07 %
0 % ≤ Ti ≤ 0,04 %
avec, de préférence Al + Ti ≥ 0,01 %
0 % ≤ B < 0,004 %
0 % ≤ V ≤ 0,02%
0 % ≤ Nb ≤ 0,05 %
Cu ≤ 1 %
S ≤ 0,015 %
P ≤ 0,03 %
le reste étant du fer et des impuretés résultant de l'élaboration, la composition chimique étant telle que CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40 < 0,35 et telle que trc 800/500 soit inférieure à 10s. L'acier a une structure martensitique ou martensito-bainitique revenue contenant moins de 10 % de ferrite, et de préférence ne contenant pas de ferrite, une résistance à la traction Rm supérieure ou égale à 550 MPa, une limite d'élasticité supérieure ou égale à 450 MPa, un allongement A % supérieur à 17 %, et une résilience KCV à - 40°C supérieure ou égale à 40 Joules, De plus, la dureté en tous points de la surface de l'enceinte est inférieure à 248 HV.
0,04 % ≤ C ≤ 0,09 %
Cr ≤ 0,6 %
0,2 % ≤ Mo ≤ 0,5%
0,03 % ≤ C ≤ 0,15 %
0 % ≤ Si ≤ 0,5%
0,4 % ≤ Mn ≤ 2,5 %
0,5 % ≤ Ni ≤ 3 %
0 % ≤ Cr ≤ 1 %
0 % ≤ Mo ≤ 0,5 %
0 % ≤ Al ≤ 0,07 %
0 % ≤ Ti ≤ 0,04 %
avec, de préférence Al + Ti ≥ 0,01 %
0 % ≤ B ≤ 0,004 %
0 % ≤ V ≤ 0,02 %
0 % ≤ Nb ≤ 0,05 %
Cu ≤ 1 %
S ≤ 0,015 %
P ≤ 0,03 % le reste étant du fer et des impuretés résultant de l'élaboration, la composition chimique étant telle que CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40 < 0,35, l'acier ayant un trc 800/500 inférieur à 10s.
0,04% ≤ C ≤ 0,09%
Cr ≤ 0,6 %
0,2 % ≤ Mo ≤ 0,5%
- de 0,03 % à 0,15 % , et de préférence moins de 0,09 % de carbone pour obtenir une résistance à la traction suffisante tout en permettant d'obtenir une dureté sous cordon inférieure à 248 HV après traitement thermique après soudage,
- de 0 % à 0,5 % de silicium pour désoxyder,
- de 0,4 % à 2,5 % de manganèse pour obtenir une résistance à la traction suffisante tout en permettant l'adoucissement des zones affectées par la chaleur de soudage et en améliorant la résilience à basse température des structures bainitiques, lorsque le métal en contient,
- de 0,5 % à 3 % de nickel pour améliorer la trempabilité, ce qui est nécessaire pour obtenir les propriétés mécaniques souhaitées pour de fortes épaisseurs, tout en permettant l'adoucissement des zones affectées par la chaleur de soudage et en améliorant la résilience à basse température des structures bainitiques, lorsque le métal en contient,
- moins de 1 %, et de préférence, moins de 0,6 % de chrome, cet élément est favorable à l'obtention de bonnes caractéristiques mécaniques après revenu, mais rend difficile l'obtention d'une dureté sous cordon inférieure à 248 HV,
- moins de 0,5 % de molybdène, pour les mêmes raisons que le chrome, mais, de préférence plus de 0,2 % pour faciliter l'obtention des caractéristiques mécaniques après un revenu important,
- éventuellement, jusqu'à 0,02 % de vanadium et jusqu'à 0,05 % de niobium ; de préférence, la somme des teneurs en vanadium et niobium ne doit pas dépasser 0,02 % ; ces éléments permettent d'améliorer les caractéristiques mécaniques mais rendent difficile l'obtention d'une dureté sous cordon après traitement thermique après soudage inférieure à 248 HV,
- moins de 1 % de cuivre ; cet élément est en général une impureté apportée par les matières premières ; il peut également être ajouté pour augmenter les caractéristiques mécaniques de traction par un effet de durcissement structural en présence de nickel ; mais, en trop grande quantité, il rend difficile le formage à chaud,
- de 0 % à 0,07 % d'aluminium pour désoxyder et fixer l'azote toujours présent, au moins à titre de résidu de l'élaboration,
- éventuellement jusqu'à 0,04 % de titane pour fixer l'azote,
- de préférence, la somme des teneurs en aluminium et titane doit être supérieure à 0,01 %, notamment pour contrôler la taille du grain,
- éventuellement jusqu'à 0,004 % de bore pour augmenter la trempabilité,
De plus, l'acier est choisi pour que le temps de refroidissement critique trc 800/500 soit inférieur à 10s.
- la résistance à la traction Rm de l'acier soit supérieure ou égale à 550 MPa,
- la limite d'élasticité Re de l'acier soit supérieure ou égale à 450 MPa,
- l'allongement A% de l'acier soit supérieur ou égal à 17 %,
- la résilience KCV de l'acier, à - 40°C soit supérieure ou égale à 40 Joules (moyenne de 3 essais),
- et la dureté en tous points de l'enceinte soit inférieure à 248 HV.
C | Si | Mn | Ni | Cr | Mo | Cu | V | CET | |
A | 0,08 | 0,24 | 0,89 | 1,8 | 0,25 | 0,4 | 0,21 | 0,01 | 0,28 |
B | 0,07 | 0,23 | 1,57 | 1,37 | 0,21 | 0,21 | 0,23 | 0,01 | 0,30 |
C | 0,06 | 0,23 | 1,72 | 1,77 | 0,11 | 0,21 | 0,24 | 0,01 | 0,31 |
D | 0,06 | 0,23 | 1,32 | 1,6 | 0,26 | 0,25 | 0,2 | 0,01 | 0,28 |
E | 0,06 | 0,16 | 0,9 | 1,87 | 0,25 | 0,4 | 0,21 | 0,01 | 0,25 |
C | Si | Mn | Ni | Cr | Mo | Cu | Al | S | P | Sn | As | Sb | CET |
0,04 | 0,14 | 1,20 | 0,85 | 0,18 | 0,29 | 0,72 | 0,02 | 0,002 | 0,006 | 0,015 | 0,014 | 0,001 | 0,26 |
- limite d'élasticité Rp0,2 = 495 MPa
- résistance Rm = 555 MPa
- allongement A % = 29 %
- striction Z % = 79 %
- résilience Charpy V (moyenne de trois essais):
KCV à - 20°C > 286 J
KCV à - 40°C > 263 J
- traction en travers de la soudure à la température ambiante : Rm 584 MPa avec rupture dans le métal de base,
- traction dans le métal déposé, sens long, à la température ambiante : Rp0,2 = 591 MPa; Rm = 667 MPa ; A = 24 % ;
- résiliences Charpy V à - 40°C :
- en métal déposé = 66 J
- en ZAT = 257 J
- dureté HV10 mesurées en travers de la soudure au quart-épaisseur :
- métal de base = 181 à 192 HV
- ZAT = 216 à 221 HV
- métal déposé = 228 à 242 HV
C | Si | Mn | Ni | Cr | Mo | Cu | Al | V | S | P | Sn | CET |
0,075 | 0,245 | 1,32 | 0,509 | 0,147 | 0,212 | 0,17 | 0,018 | 0,047 | 0,0007 | 0,0088 | 0,009 | 0,26 |
Claims (14)
- Procédé de fabrication d'une enceinte chaudronnée destinée à travailler sous pression entre - 40 °C et 200 °C dans les conditions de risque de fissuration sous contrainte engendrés par l'H2S telles que définies par la norme NACE MR 0175-97 caractérisé en ce que :on fabrique des composants de l'enceinte chaudronnée en acier dont la composition chimique comprend, en poids :
0,03 % ≤ C ≤ 0,15%
0 % ≤ Si ≤ 0,5%
0,4 % ≤ Mn ≤ 2,5 %
0,5 % ≤ Ni ≤ 3 %
0 % ≤ Cr ≤ 1 %
0 % ≤ Mo ≤ 0,5%
0 % ≤ Al ≤ 0,07 %
0 % ≤ Ti ≤ 0,04 %
0 % ≤ B < 0,004 %
0 % ≤ V ≤ 0,02 %
0 % ≤ Nb ≤ 0,05 %
Cu ≤ 1 %
S ≤ 0,015 %
P ≤ 0,03 % le reste étant du fer et des impuretés résultant de l'élaboration, la composition chimique étant telle que CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40 < 0,35 et telle que trc 800/500 soit inférieur à 10 s, les composants étant trempés et revenus, après ou avant mise en forme, de façon à obtenir une structure martensitique ou martensito-bainitique contenant moins de 10 % de ferrite,après mise en forme des composants, on effectue éventuellement un détensionnement à une température supérieure ou égale à 595°C,on soude les composants de l'enceinte chaudronnée avec une énergie de soudage et des conditions de préchauffage tels que le temps de refroidissement tr 800/500 entre 800 °C et 500 °C de la zone affectée par la chaleur soit supérieur ou égal à 5 secondes,et on effectue un traitement thermique post-soudage à une température TPS supérieure à 595°C et inférieure à 680°C, l'acier ayant alors une résistance à la traction supérieure ou égale à 550 MPa, une limite d'élasticité supérieure ou égale à 450 MPa, un allongement A % supérieur à 17 %, et une résilience KCV à - 40°C supérieure à 40 Joules, et la dureté en tous points de la surface de l'enceinte est inférieure à 248 HV. - Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la composition chimique de l'acier est telle que Nb + V ≤ 0,02 %
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que la composition chimique de l'acier est telle que :
0,04% ≤ C ≤ 0,09%
Cr ≤ 0,6 %
0,2 % ≤ Mo ≤ 0,5% - Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce que la composition chimique de l'acier est telle que : Al + Ti ≥ 0,01 %.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé en ce que la température TR de revenu est inférieure à 680 °C.
- Enceinte chaudronnée destinée à travailler sous pression entre - 40°C et 200 °C dans les conditions de risque de fissuration sous contrainte engendrés par l'H2S telles que définies par la norme NACE MR 0175-97 caractérisé en ce que :elle est constituée d'un acier dont la composition chimique comprend, en poids :
0,03 % ≤ C ≤ 0,15%
0 % ≤ Si ≤ 0,5%
0,4 % ≤ Mn ≤ 2,5 %
0,5 % ≤ Ni ≤ 3 %
0% ≤ Cr ≤ 1 %
0 % ≤ Mo ≤ 0,5%
0 % ≤ Al ≤ 0,07 %
0 % ≤ Ti ≤ 0,04 %
0 % ≤ B < 0,004 %
0 % ≤ V ≤ 0,02 %
0 % ≤ Nb ≤ 0,05 %
Cu ≤ 1 %
S ≤ 0,015 %
P ≤ 0,03 % le reste étant du fer et des impuretés résultant de l'élaboration, la composition chimique étant telle que CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40 < 0,35 et telle que tr 800/500 soit inférieur à 10 s,l'acier a une structure martensitique ou martensito-bainitique contenant moins de 10 % de ferrite,la résistance à la traction Rm de l'acier est supérieure ou égale à 550 MPa,la limite d'élasticité Re de l'acier est supérieure ou égale à 450 MPa,l'allongement A% de l'acier est supérieur ou égal à 17 %,la résilience KCV de l'acier, à - 40°C est supérieure ou égale à 40 Joules,et la dureté en tous points de la surface de l'enceinte est inférieure à 248 HV. - Enceinte chaudronnée selon la revendication 6 caractérisée en ce que la composition de l'acier est telle que Nb + V ≤ 0,02 %.
- Enceinte chaudronnée selon la revendication 6 ou la revendication 7 caractérisée en ce que la composition de l'acier est telle que :
0,04 % ≤ C ≤ 0,09 %
Cr ≤ 0,6 %
0,2 % ≤ Mo ≤ 0,5% - Enceinte chaudronnée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8 caractérisée en ce que la composition chimique de l'acier est telle que :
Al + Ti ≥ 0,01 %. - Enceinte chaudronnée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9 caractérisée en ce que son épaisseur de paroi est comprise entre 50 mm et 300 mm.
- Acier pour la fabrication d'enceintes chaudronnées destinée à travailler sous pression entre - 40°C et 200°C dans les conditions de risque de fissuration sous contrainte engendrés par l'H2S telles que définies par la norme NACE MR 0175-97 caractérisé en ce que sa composition chimique comprend, en poids :
0,03 % ≤ C ≤ 0,15%
0 % ≤ Si ≤ 0,5%
0,4 % ≤ Mn ≤ 2,5 %
0,5 % ≤ Ni ≤ 3 %
0 % ≤ Cr ≤ 1 %
0 % ≤ Mo ≤ 0,5%
0 % ≤ Al ≤ 0,07 %
0 % ≤ Ti ≤ 0,04 %
0 % ≤ B < 0,004 %
0 % ≤ V ≤ 0,02 %
0 % ≤ Nb ≤ 0,05 %
Cu ≤ 1 %
S ≤ 0,015 %
P ≤ 0,03 % le reste étant du fer et des impuretés résultant de l'élaboration, la composition chimique étant telle que CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40 < 0,35, l'acier ayant un trc 800/500 inférieur à 10 s. - Acier selon la revendication 11 caractérisé en ce que sa composition chimique est telle que Nb + V ≤ 0,02 %.
- Acier selon la revendication 11 ou la revendication 12 caractérisé en ce que sa composition chimique est telle que :
0,04 % ≤ C ≤ 0,09%
Cr ≤ 0,6 %
0,2 % ≤ Mo ≤ 0,5% - Acier selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 13 caractérisé en ce que : Al + Ti ≥ 0,01%.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9809271A FR2781506B1 (fr) | 1998-07-21 | 1998-07-21 | Procede et acier pour la fabrication d'une enceinte chaudronnee travaillant en presence d'hydrogene sulfure |
FR9809271 | 1998-07-21 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0974678A1 true EP0974678A1 (fr) | 2000-01-26 |
EP0974678B1 EP0974678B1 (fr) | 2004-04-28 |
Family
ID=9528825
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99401632A Expired - Lifetime EP0974678B1 (fr) | 1998-07-21 | 1999-07-01 | Procédé pour la fabrication d'une enceinte chaudronnée, travaillant en présence d'hydrogène sulfuré |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6322642B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0974678B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2000054026A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20000011781A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE265553T1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2278407A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69916717T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2220020T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2781506B1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2847273A1 (fr) * | 2002-11-19 | 2004-05-21 | Usinor | Piece d'acier de construction soudable et procede de fabrication |
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FR2866352B3 (fr) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-12-16 | Trefileurope | Fil de forme en acier trempe-revenu pour conduites en mer |
FR2886314B1 (fr) * | 2005-05-26 | 2007-07-20 | Industeel France | Acier pour coques de sous-marins a soudabilite renforcee |
CA2644892C (fr) * | 2006-03-16 | 2015-11-24 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Plaque d'acier pour soudage a l'arc sous flux en poudre |
EP1905857B1 (fr) | 2006-09-29 | 2013-08-14 | EZM Edelstahlzieherei Mark GmbH | Acier à haute résistance et utilisations d'un tel acier |
WO2008070710A1 (fr) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-12 | Noble Advanced Technologies | Procédé de fabrication d'un panneau métallique soude dote d'un fini de surface de haute qualité |
US8691030B2 (en) * | 2007-06-18 | 2014-04-08 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Low alloy steels with superior corrosion resistance for oil country tubular goods |
CA2750291C (fr) | 2009-01-30 | 2014-05-06 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Tole forte d'acier laminee a chaud a resistance elevee a la traction presentant une excellente resistance de hic et son procede de fabrication |
CN102301026B (zh) | 2009-01-30 | 2014-11-05 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | 低温韧性优良的厚壁高强度热轧钢板及其制造方法 |
WO2012051514A1 (fr) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-19 | Lummus Technology Inc. | Structure résistante à la fissuration par fatigue dans la distribution d'hydrogène |
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- 1999-07-01 EP EP99401632A patent/EP0974678B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-01 DE DE69916717T patent/DE69916717T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-07-01 AT AT99401632T patent/ATE265553T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-07-16 KR KR1019990028899A patent/KR20000011781A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-07-20 CA CA002278407A patent/CA2278407A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1999-07-21 US US09/358,662 patent/US6322642B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2847273A1 (fr) * | 2002-11-19 | 2004-05-21 | Usinor | Piece d'acier de construction soudable et procede de fabrication |
WO2004048631A1 (fr) * | 2002-11-19 | 2004-06-10 | Industeel Creusot | Piece d’acier de construction soudable et procede de fabrication |
AU2003294049B2 (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2008-10-16 | Industeel France | Weldable steel building component and method for making same |
US7754031B2 (en) | 2002-11-19 | 2010-07-13 | Industeel Creusot | Weldable steel building component and method for making same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE265553T1 (de) | 2004-05-15 |
CA2278407A1 (fr) | 2000-01-21 |
JP2000054026A (ja) | 2000-02-22 |
DE69916717D1 (de) | 2004-06-03 |
FR2781506A1 (fr) | 2000-01-28 |
FR2781506B1 (fr) | 2000-08-25 |
ES2220020T3 (es) | 2004-12-01 |
EP0974678B1 (fr) | 2004-04-28 |
KR20000011781A (ko) | 2000-02-25 |
DE69916717T2 (de) | 2005-05-04 |
US6322642B1 (en) | 2001-11-27 |
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