EP0967149A1 - Dosage device - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a feeder shaft (52) with a vertical fill pipe (57) and a sliding closure cone (63) supporting blades (64) with rising pitch on its upper conical surface (66). The closure cone is rotated by a drive shaft (62) to convey material through the ring gap via the blades. The cone is adjusted with a small stroke for one open position, to free a small ring gap through which material is conveyed in small volumes by the rotating blades only; or adjusted with a large stroke, for a larger ring gap, through which material flows in larger volumes.

Description

The invention relates to a metering device for pourable, especially powdery material, with a feed shaft, a vertical to the lower end of the feed chute Filling pipe and one arranged at the lower end of the filling pipe, displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the filling pipe by means of a shaft Closing cone that in an open position Releases the annular gap at the lower end of the filling tube and in one Closed position on a ring surface or ring edge on the bottom The end of the filling pipe.

When filling bags with pourable material is one hand a quick filling of the sacks desired to the capacity a bottling plant, on the other hand is an accurate one Dosage required because fill quantities below the setpoint are not permitted and fill quantities with too large a spread over the Setpoint are not economically justifiable. The two demands after quick filling and precise dosing on the other hand, they are opposed to each other, since the former one large volume flow and the latter a small volume flow, if satisfactory results are to be achieved.

It is therefore state of the art to fill the sacks up to a certain filling quantity of 90 to 95% of the target quantity quickly to fill with a large flow, the scattering of the achieved result can be relatively large, and then ensure accurate filling with a small volume flow which is only a few percentage points above the target quantity of 100% lies.

Here it is possible, in addition to a first filling device, the the coarse filling causes a metering device to be used which can only generate one dosing flow for fine dosing, or a dosing device with a filling device for the Combine coarse filling, which is setting different large openings for coarse filling and fine dosing.

A problem with fine dosing is that powder Materials tend to bridge in narrow exit openings form, where appropriate, even at a high ballast Weight to prevent material from flowing off. Especially if the material is sticky in consistency as it is with Goods in the food sector such as cocoa powder, milk powder or the same is the case, it can be assumed that a reliable Drain in free flow from a narrow opening to the Fine dosing is practically impossible.

Proceeding from this, the present invention has the object based on providing a metering device that also poorly flowing materials in a fine stream for fine metering can measure. The solution to this is a dosing device which is characterized in that the closing cone a slope on an upward-facing cone surface having blading and that the closing cone for Conveying material through the annular gap using the blading can be driven to rotate by the shaft.

With the means provided thereby, it is possible to Setting very small annular gaps for small volume flows Represent fine dosing, with the all-round blading it is ensured that an undisturbed drain from the Annular gap is reliably given. Funding immediately in Annular gap avoids the risk that material is already in front of the Annular gap is compressed and it is thereby forced Tracking of uneven application of lumps or demolition quantities is coming. Here it is particularly possible, if necessary by controlling the drive speed of the locking cone during the fine metering process the mass flow when approaching to reduce the target filling. Usually will however, the rotary drive of the closing cone with the blading done at constant speed and at the moment of reaching the target filling of the closing cone against the ring edge or ring surface closed for immediate interruption of the metering flow become.

A first embodiment of the device according to the invention can go that a device for fine dosing only is created that is independent of a system for the coarse filling is used. Here, a device be chosen with a relatively short filling tube, because the one to be attached Sack is already mostly filled when it is from a rough filling station coming in the dosing station if required is pulled over the filling pipe. A metering device of this Art only needs between a closed position and an open position for fine dosing with a relatively small annular gap and simultaneous drive of the locking cone adjustable to be.

In a second embodiment, a metering device can be provided of the type according to the invention in combination with the bring the actual filling device to the rough filling. Here the filling tube is usually carried out so long that it to the bottom of an empty sack that goes over the filling tube is pulled, and that during the filling process of the sack is lowered below, so that the end of the filling tube is always on is a little above the level in the sack. Here it is required that the locking cone next to the closed position a first opening division with a large annular gap to accomplish of the coarse filling and with a second opening position Take up a small annular gap to carry out the fine dosing can.

With good flowm, z. B. granular or granular Material, can drain through the large annular gap in the in the first opening position under your own weight, while displacement by blading only is required if the annular gap for fine dosing is reduced is. If the bad trickle or sticky material can be measured to avoid interference, especially bridging in the longer filling tube, a helix or screw can be provided, at least during coarse filling, d. H. when setting the locking cone to large annular gap, is driven. The helix or snail can be connected to a hollow shaft, which is the shaft for Drives the locking cone and independently of it a second drive motor is driven. During the fine dosing process, d. H. once the locking cone is in position for the small annular gap is the drive preferably stop the helix or screw.

According to the invention, the blading is on an upper conical surface arranged of the closing cone. In a first preferred Embodiment provides this cone surface continued downwards also represents the sealing surface, which can be achieved by lifting the Cone against a lower ring edge of the filling tube. The locking cone can be lowered up to a point where the cross-sectional area of the annular gap is almost the cross-sectional area corresponds to the filling pipe.

In a second possible embodiment, the closing cone has a second counter cone surface on its underside, which the Closing surface forms and in a deepest position against a reducing the free cross section of the filling tube, in particular inner conical counter surface. The latter Execution is more suitable for such devices that exclusively for fine dosing, but not for coarse filling are provided because the maximum size of the annular gap here is limited.

The closing cone is preferably adjusted by that the shaft firmly connected to a drive motor for the locking cone together with this opposite the frame and the feed chute. If an open position with a large annular gap and a metering position with a small annular gap are to be represented, a first actuating cylinder is preferably which is fixed, the path between the open position with a large annular gap and the metering position with cause a small annular gap and at least a second Actuating cylinder made up by the first actuating cylinder in total is moved, the stop of the sealing cone on the ring edge or ring surface for the closed position. Are preferred two first and second actuating cylinders diametrically opposite each other in the ratio shaft of the locking cone.

In a preferred embodiment, the closing cone is in two parts built, with an upper wear-resistant tip and a existing from softer material such as plastic or the like Sealing surface forms.

For food, e.g. Milk powder to make it last longer it is common to blow nitrogen into the bag before filling. To do this also with the device in question to be able to, the wave of Closing cone designed as a hollow shaft, which is outside the feed shaft is surrounded by a gas inlet sleeve and on a gas outlet opening in the lower end in the center of the cone having.

Fig. 1

zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in einer ersten Ausführung für eine Öffnungsstellung für Dosierzwecke

a) im Vertikalschnitt in geschlossener Stellung

b) in einer vergrößerten Einzelheit mit zusätzlich eingezeichneter Öffnungsstellung;

Fig. 2

zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Dosiervorrichtung in einer zweiten Auführung für zwei Öffnungsstellungen

a) im Vertikalschnitt in einer Öffnungsstellung mit großem Ringspalt

b) in einem vertikalen Teilschnitt in einer Dosierstellung mit kleinem Ringspalt;

Fig. 3

zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in einer dritten Ausführung für zwei Öffnungsstellungen mit einem Schließkegel im Vertikalschnitt;

Fig. 4

zeigt die Vorrichtung nach Figur 3 in um 90° gedrehter Darstellung

a) in Öffnungsstellung mit großem Ringspalt

b) in einer Einzelheit mit dem Dosierkegel in Dosierstellung und in Draufsicht;

Fig. 5

zeigt die Vorrichtung nach Figur 3 und 4 mit vergrößerten Einzelheiten im Vertikalschnitt mit einem Schließkegel in Dosierstellung mit kleinem Ringspalt.

Further details can be found in the subclaims and the drawing description below, which relates to the attached preferred exemplary embodiments.

Fig. 1

shows a device according to the invention in a first embodiment for an open position for dosing purposes

a) in vertical section in the closed position

b) in an enlarged detail with an additionally drawn open position;

Fig. 2

shows a metering device according to the invention in a second performance for two open positions

a) in vertical section in an open position with a large annular gap

b) in a vertical partial section in a metering position with a small annular gap;

Fig. 3

shows a device according to the invention in a third embodiment for two open positions with a closing cone in vertical section;

Fig. 4

shows the device of Figure 3 rotated by 90 °

a) in the open position with a large annular gap

b) in a detail with the dosing cone in the dosing position and in plan view;

Fig. 5

shows the device of Figures 3 and 4 with enlarged details in vertical section with a closing cone in the metering position with a small annular gap.

In Figure 1 is a frame 51 for suspension of the invention Device shown only hint. In these a feed shaft 52 is inserted, which has a feed nozzle 53 has a bunker or feeder for material at the top can connect. A lid 54 closes the funnel-shaped top Shaft 52. At the lower end of the feed shaft 52 closes itself via a connecting piece 55 with a connecting ring 56 via a counter ring 58 by means of a union nut 75 Filler tube 57 on. In the axial direction of the filling tube 57 is in the lid 54 a shaft bushing 61 is provided directly. By this enters a shaft 62 from above into the feed shaft and in the filler pipe, which is guided in a hollow shaft 84. At the lower end of the shaft 62 is a closing cone 63 with a Blades 64 screwed on.

As can be seen better in detail, this closing cone forms 63 an upper cone surface 66 and an opposite lower cone surface 67. The closing cone is essentially constructed in two parts and comprises a head part 68 made of hardened Material as well as a sealing part screwed onto the shaft 62 69 made of softer sealing material. On the filling tube 57 is a Welded connection ring 70, the one with an end ring 71st is connected by means of a union nut 72. In the end ring 71 an inner ring 73 is welded in, the inner one Ring surface 65 forms. The lower cone surface 67 sits on this of the closing cone 63 sealingly, while the upper conical surface 66 carries only the blading 64. Like in the Representation of a second position of the closing cone 63 can be seen, in which this is not shown in section, is a Annular gap in this version by pulling shaft 62 upwards open. The annular gap is open in the position shown the delivery rate that is suitable for fine dosing is set. The material is rotated by means of the Blading promoted through the annular gap. This device is only intended for fine dosing.

The shaft 62 is within the hopper 52 through the Guided hollow shaft 84 and emerges from this hollow shaft 84 free out. There it is connected via a bearing 89 to a connector 83 an actuating cylinder 81 connected. The actuating cylinder 81 is on a gear 85 of a drive motor 86 with rods 82 and attached a flange plate 80 and serves to open and Closing the closing cone 63.

The hollow shaft is driven by the gear 85 via a key 137. The shaft 62 is a dowel 138 from the Hollow shaft 84 driven. Through a hollow shaft groove 139 Axially displaceable shaft 62. The aforementioned hollow shaft 84 is vertical through the gear 85 of the drive motor 86 performed and is driven by the latter. On the hollow shaft 84, an agitator 87 is seated within the feed shaft 52 and also a coaxial to the shaft 62 and with the Hollow shaft 84 connected conveyor spiral 88, which is difficult here flowable material for the opened closing cone 63 promotes.

FIG. 2 shows a frame 11, which is only indicated, in which an at least partially funnel-shaped feed shaft 12 is suspended. The shaft has a feed nozzle 13, the one with a bunker for material or a material feed shaft can be connected. Otherwise, the shaft closed with a cover plate 14. The shaft has one at the bottom Circular opening 15 which is bordered by an annular flange 16. At the Ring flange 16 is a relatively short vertical on both sides screwed open fill tube 17 by means of a counter flange 18. The cover plate has vertically above the circular opening 15 14 a circular opening 19, which by means of a cover 20th is closed. A shaft bushing 21 is in the cover 20 provided, through which a vertical shaft 22 passes is. At the lower end of the shaft is a closing cone 23 on the Screwed shaft 22, the largest diameter of which is larger than the lower open diameter of the filling pipe 17. On its after The cone surface 26 facing upwards has the closing cone 23 with blading 24 with a slope, in the example shown four shovel blades. The largest diameter of the blading is smaller than the open inside diameter of the filling pipe 17, so that the closing cone 23 with the blading 24th can extend so far into the filling tube 17 until its overhead Conical surface 26 on the lower ring edge 25 of the filler pipe 17th finally applies. A line indicates that the Closing cone 23 including the blades 24 in two parts is constructed, namely from a head part 28 and a sealing part 29. At the top of the shaft 22 is by means of a Shaft coupling 36, the drive shaft 37 of a drive motor 38 drivingly attached. The drive motor 38 is by means of a Flange 39 screwed onto a transverse U-beam 40. The various shown in the figure parts Open positions of the closing cone 23 and not here Shown closed position, in which the conical surface 26 of the Closing cone 23 completely on the ring edge 25 of the filling tube 17 creates are by means of a height adjustment of the Cross member 40 and thus the drive motor 38 and the shaft 22nd representable. The opening position shown in illustration a) should allow that the material under its own weight from the large annular gap formed by ring edge 25 and closing cone 23 drains quickly to quickly fill a sack to be filled to fill up to maybe 95%. The representation b) shows the dosing position at the bottom between the ring edge 25 of the filling tube 17 and surface 26 of the closing cone 23 only a small annular gap is open, which is dimensioned in this way is that a free drainage of the material due to the inner No friction. In this position is exclusively through rotating drive of the closing cone 23 material by means of To press blades 24 out of the small annular gap, which means that the sack to be filled is filled exactly 100% intended filling volume with small tolerances becomes. Then the filling process is complete Closes the annular gap, which is harmless, if the locking cone is still rotating or not. The transition from that shown in illustration a) Position to the position shown in illustration b) can be immediate respectively; however, it is also possible to start from the Position according to a) to completely close the locking cone and then when the closing cone starts to rotate to release the small annular gap according to b).

In Figure 3, a feed shaft 92 is shown in a frame 91, the one nozzle 93 for connection to a bunker or has a feed shaft. The shaft 92 is with a cover 94 closed. At a lower opening 95 is with a Ring flange 96 via a reducer and a counter flange 98 a fill pipe 97 connected. In shaft 92 there is one at the top Circular opening 99 provided in the extension of the filling pipe 97, which is closed with a lid 100. In the lid is 100 a shaft bushing 101 through which a shaft 102 passes, which is guided in a hollow shaft 124. On shaft 102 a locking cone 103 is screwed on by means of a nut 115. The closing cone 103 comprises a head part 108 and a sealing part 109. The shaft 102 is in turn designed as a hollow shaft. The shaft end emerging from the first mentioned hollow shaft the hollow shaft 102 is connected to the Shaft journal 117 of a drive motor 118 coupled. The engine flange 119 is screwed onto a transverse U-beam 120, of the height adjustable with means not recognizable here is. While with open lines an open position is shown, which releases an annular gap, is thinner Lines indicated the upper closed position. Below the shaft coupling 116 are means for introducing a protective gas recognizable, which are firmly connected to the U-beam 120 and on which will be discussed later. The outer hollow shaft 124 is through the shaft bushing and a gear 125 of a second Drive motor 126 guided, from which it can be driven in rotation. On the second hollow shaft 124, a worm 128 is seated Feed chute 92 a larger and in the filler tube 97 a smaller one Has outside diameter. When the worm rotates 128 becomes poorly flowable material when fully opened Cone 103 conveyed through the large open annular gap, to fill up an attached sack quickly.

In Figure 4 is shown in the sectional view rotated by 90 ° recognizable that the feed shaft 92 in the area of Screw conveyor 128 this is closely adapted and this semi-cylindrical encloses so that effective funding is ensured is. The closing cone 103 is the same as that executed shown in Figure 1. The top view is shown b) the four circumferentially distributed are inclined Buckets recognizable.

On the one hand, there are further essential details Hanging the lid 94 on the frame 91 visible, on the other becomes the type of adjustment of the U-beam and thus the drive motor 118 understandable. There are two lower ones standing actuating cylinders 131, 132, provided with their cylinder housing stand on the lid 94. By extending their Reciprocating pistons move the way from the open position with a large annular gap in the dosing position with a small annular gap. On the actuating cylinders mentioned are elastic Connector 133, 134 the reciprocating piston two second upper actuating cylinders 135, 136 attached, the cylinder housing in said U-beam 120 are used. By extending the reciprocating pistons this actuating cylinder presses the closing cone 103 completely against the ring edge 105 of the filling tube, being in the stop position the stroke of the actuating cylinders 135, 136 not yet must be fully utilized, so that even with wear or Temperature-related elongations are always tight The closing cone 103 bears against the ring edge 105 of the filling tube is ensured under form.

5 shows details of FIG. 3 already described shown on an enlarged scale, which are explained in more detail here should. The first drive motor 118 is in the area of the drive recognizable, the flange 119 directly on the U-beam 120 is set up, the means for double adjustability has just been explained with reference to Figure 4 are. The shaft journal 117 of the drive motor 118 is via a Coupling 116 with the shaft 102 designed as a hollow shaft in a rotationally fixed manner connected. A bracket 141 is attached to the U-beam 120 Feed pipe 142 attached to a sleeve-shaped gas feed 143, which also has two ring seals 144, 145 and thus an annular space 146 for gas introduction through at least one Radial bore 152 in shaft 102. Below this arrangement there is a bearing and clamping housing for the introduction of inert gas 147, which receives a roller bearing 148 with a sliding seal 153, to mutually support the shaft 102 with respect to one Arrangement of the hollow shaft 124 and a drive sleeve 150.

This is mounted in a manner not shown in the gear box 125 and is driven in this. The drive sleeve 150 and the hollow shaft 124 are rotatably coupled to one another by means of a feather key 151. Thus, while the drive sleeve 150 and the hollow shaft 124 are axially fixed in the gearbox 125, the shaft 102 with the gas supply 143, on the other hand, is suspended in a height-adjustable manner. On the detail of the closing cone 103 and the lower ring edge 105 of the filling pipe 97, the narrow metering gap in the intermediate position of the drive motor 118 and the shaft 102 is symbolized by means of dimension arrows. In this position, material can only be conveyed by rotating the shaft 102 by means of the drive motor 118.

Claims (13)

Dosing device for pourable, in particular powdery material, with a feed shaft (12, 52, 92), a vertical filling pipe (17, 57, 97) adjoining the lower end of the feed shaft and a shaft (22 , 62, 102) in the longitudinal direction of the filling tube sliding cone (23, 63, 103), which in an open position releases an annular gap at the lower end of the filling tube and in a closed position on an annular surface or ring edge (25, 65, 105) at the lower end the filling pipe (17, 57, 97) is in contact,
characterized,
that the closing cone (23, 63, 103) has on an upwardly facing conical surface (26, 66, 106) a slope (24, 64, 104), and that the closing cone (23, 63, 103) for promotion of material through the annular gap by means of the blading (24, 64, 104) of the shaft (22, 62, 102) can be rotated. Dosing device according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the closing cone (63) can be adjusted to a single open position with a small stroke, which releases a small annular gap, through which the material can be conveyed only by means of the peripheral blading (64). Dosing device according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the closing cone (23, 103) is adjustable to a first opening position with a large stroke, which releases a large annular gap, which allows material to flow away in a larger volume flow, and is adjustable to a second opening position with a small stroke, which releases a small ring gap, by the material can be conveyed in a smaller quantity flow by means of the rotating blading (24, 104). Dosing device according to claim 3,
characterized,
that a helical feed screw (88) is arranged within the filling tube (57) and can be driven in rotation in order to discharge material in an open position of the closing cone (63) without problems. Dosing device according to claim 3,
characterized,
that an extruder-like screw (128) is arranged within the filling tube (97) and can be driven in rotation in order to discharge material in an open position of the closing cone (123) without problems. Dosing device according to claim 4 or 5,
characterized,
that the screw (88) or the worm (128) is arranged on a hollow shaft (64, 124) in which the shaft (62, 102) for the axial adjustment and for the rotary drive of the closing cone (63, 103). Dosing device according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
that the closing cone (23, 103) forms an closing surface with an upper conical surface (26, 106) and, in its highest position, rests on an annular edge (25, 105) or annular surface on the filling tube (17, 97). Dosing device according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
that the closing cone (63) with a conical surface (67) forms the closing surface on its underside and, in its lowest position, rests against an annular edge or surface (65) of an inner ring (73) at the lower end of the filling tube (57). Dosing device according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized,
that the feed shaft (12, 52, 92) and the filling pipe (17, 57, 97) are fixedly arranged in a frame (11, 51, 91) and the shaft (22, 62, 102) of the closing cone (23, 63, 103) in particular together with the drive motor (28, 38, 118) in the longitudinal direction of the filling tube (17, 57, 97) are arranged such that they can be adjusted in height relative to the frame (11, 51, 91). Dosing device according to one of claims 1 to 9,
characterized,
that the drive pin of the drive motor (38, 118) is coaxially coupled to the shaft (22, 102). Dosing device according to one of claims 1 to 9,
characterized,
that the shaft (62) of the closing cone (63) is driven via a dowel pin (118) by a hollow shaft (84) of the drive motor (86) which is fixed in a frame, and the shaft (62) by means of an actuating cylinder (81 ) is axially displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the filling tube (57). Dosing device according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized,
that the shaft (102) of the closing cone (103) is designed as a hollow shaft and outside the feed shaft (92) on the shaft (102) a standing sleeve (143) for introducing gas into the shaft (102) and at the lower end of the shaft (102), in particular in the closing cone (103), an opening for gas outlet is formed. Dosing device according to one of claims 1 to 12,
characterized,
that at least a first actuating cylinder (131, 132) is fixedly arranged in a frame (91) and effects the path of the shaft (122) between the open position and the metering position and at least one second actuating cylinder (135, 136) which is of the at least one the first actuating cylinder (131, 132) is moved, causing the closing cone (103) to stop at the sealing edge or sealing surface at the end of the filling tube.

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