EP0961734A1 - Procede de collecte de dechets organiques menagers et structure de sac de collecte prevue a cet effet - Google Patents

Procede de collecte de dechets organiques menagers et structure de sac de collecte prevue a cet effet

Info

Publication number
EP0961734A1
EP0961734A1 EP19960926412 EP96926412A EP0961734A1 EP 0961734 A1 EP0961734 A1 EP 0961734A1 EP 19960926412 EP19960926412 EP 19960926412 EP 96926412 A EP96926412 A EP 96926412A EP 0961734 A1 EP0961734 A1 EP 0961734A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
collection
accelerator
bag
organic waste
composting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19960926412
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matti Jyllinmaa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0961734A1 publication Critical patent/EP0961734A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/907—Small-scale devices without mechanical means for feeding or discharging material, e.g. garden compost bins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B65F2001/1489—Refuse receptacles adapted or modified for gathering compostable domestic refuse
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is a method for the collection of organic waste from households in local waste disposal, in which domestic households take organic waste to intermediate collection points, from which local collection transport takes the intermediate collection batches at regular intervals to be composted in large amounts in communal composting, in which composting wood chips are used as an accelerator.
  • the invention also concerns a suitable collection bag arrangement for use in the collection of household organic waste.
  • Organic waste is utilized in domestic households on a small scale for their own compost, but this is not a suitable solution in many cases.
  • Organic waste is collected in large towns in Finland.
  • the most common collection container is a 240-litre plastic container, which is adapted to be packed into the emptying system of a collection truck.
  • An essential problem with the present collection technique is the unpleasant smell, which is because liquids separate at the bottom of the container and organic waste begins to decompose due to the lack of oxygen. In winter, the organic waste freezes in the container.
  • Waste bags made of paper, suitable for composting, and fitting the inner size of the container are known in organic waste collection, e.g. Finnish patents 89889 and 47172.
  • a paper waste container is known from German patent application DE 4304 715 and has a porous bottom mass, a cellulose wool mat. So-called super-absorbent granules are also proposed for use in this.
  • the bottom mass in its various forms is intended to absorb the liquids flowing from the waste and to dry them for later composting. These substances are expensive and they do not act as compost accelerators.
  • the intention of this invention is to make the collection of organic waste, from household to large batch composting, more hygienic, effortless, and easy to use and to remove the aforementioned defects in the collection of organic waste.
  • the characteristic features of the method according to the invention are described in the accompanying Patent Claim 1.
  • the characteristic features of a collection bag arrangement easing the implementation of the method are described in Patent Claim 4.
  • an accelerator is required in any case when composting organic waste, it is practical to add it already in the household, when considerable benefits are obtained from it during the transportation chain, besides the fact that the handling of organic waste in the household is considerably cleaner and with less odour.
  • the aforementioned compost accelerator is added to the bottom of the mass of the organic waste at the intermediate collection points, in which case it is no longer necessary to add so much accelerator as previously to large batches being composted communally.
  • Peat binds a great deal of water, it kills odours, and is an antiseptic substance.
  • the layer of willow chips at the bottom of the bag forms an air-grate, which effectively distributes air to the organic waste.
  • Willow chips are most advantageously obtained from willow trees in special will plantations, but other willow (Salix) species can also be used.
  • the production of willow can be organized effectively even in northern areas like Finland.
  • the willow chips used must in any event be dried very well.
  • the moisture content should be less than 20 % preferably 10 - 15 %. Crushing the willow chips decisively improves their absorbency.
  • the accelerator according to the invention is homogenously mixed through the mass to be composted.
  • households put accelerator into every batch of organic waste the organic waste and the accelerator are homogenously mixed already at the intermediate collection stage. After this too, the accelerator at the bottom of the large collection sacks in common composting is distributed automatically evenly throughout the entire mass.
  • Figure 1 shows a waste trolley for use in domestic households, in which there is an organic waste collection bag.
  • Figure 2 shows an organic waste collection bag with accelerator.
  • Figure 3 shows large sacks in an intermediate collection point.
  • Figure 4 shows collection bags as a transportation package.
  • Figure 5 shows a local collection chain for organic waste.
  • FIG. 1 shows one waste trolley suitable for point of creation sorting, which is put into, for example, a kitchen cabinet, from which it can be pulled out.
  • waste trolley 1 There is a frame 11 in waste trolley 1, which holds organic waste bags 2 and standard bags 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3 for other types of waste. These types may be, e.g. burnable dry waste, glass/metal, and problem wastes. These can now be easily carried out to the waste collection point in their own bags for further sorting.
  • Waste paper has its own storage devices (not shown) .
  • the bags in frame 11 of the waste trolley in Figure 1 are at the same height at the top part, in which case smaller bags are raised from the bottom by the requisite amount.
  • the organic waste collection bags 2 are in standard sizes (8, 30, and 240 litres) .
  • 8-litre paper bags which are supplied together with the accelerator as a transportation package 2' according to Figure 4.
  • the upper part of the package is wrapped around the refill 5, 6, in which case four such pieces will fit into a single 8-litre bag, which arrangement is used as a retail package.
  • the user opens the transportation package 2' and puts it into the frame of the aforementioned waste trolley or a similar receptacle. It is possible to consider using, e.g. compostable plastic bags made from starch instead of the paper bags, but in that case the accelerator layers on the bottom are especially important.
  • willow chips are 2/3 (in any event 30 - 100 %) of the accelerator and peat 1/3 (20 - 40 %) .
  • the moisture content of the willow chips is 20 % at most, which can only be achieved by mechanical drying.
  • Willow can be produced efficiently.
  • Known devices can be used for chipping, but if pieces remain whole, they are crushed separately.
  • a special crushing chipper can be used. The pieces are sieved with a 30 - 40 mm sieve and the finished chips are dried with warm-air drier.
  • Household collection bags can be placed in an intermediate collection container, but the bag must definitely be thrown there open, so that composting does not stop. After emptying, dry bags can also be put with burnable dry waste, so that there should be a collection receptacle for this next to the organic waste collection container.
  • the compost accelerator is sold ready- layered as a separate refill.
  • Thin paper or net is used as the wrapping of the refill .
  • composting of a batch of organic waste produces heat, which is particularly beneficial in winter, when it is considerably easier to maintain composting in the intermediate collection point. In any event, even if the mass does freeze, composting can be started significantly more easily than before, because the drying agent is ready homogenously throughout the compost.
  • large collection sacks 7 are used, which are placed in a suitable frame or container 10.
  • a willow chip layer 8 and a peat layer 9 are placed on the bottom of this as described above.
  • biologically degradable e.g. starch-based, water- resistance plastic membrane
  • the air in the container 10 and the accelerator layer provides initially a sufficient quantity of air for composting.
  • the overlap 7.1 of the large collection sack 7 may create a small air gap when the cover 12 is closed.
  • new oxygen-rich air enters the container 10 each time the cover 12 is opened.
  • a small collection bag with accelerator also brings advantages in connection with single-building composting, on account of its odourlessness, among other things. Suitable bacteria for composting begin to grow already in the kitchen collection bag, when the amount of the waste diminishes. Willow chips and peat act as sources of carbon in the composting process.
  • each household and other producer of organic waste collects organic waste in a composting bag 2, in each of which there is the aforementioned efficient compost accelerator. Once it is full, each bag 2 is taken to the intermediate collection container 10, in which there is a large collection sack 7. On the bottom of this too, layers of efficient compost accelerator, willow chips and peat 8 and 9 are placed.
  • Intermediate collection batches from different intermediate collection points are collected with a compressing waste truck 15 and are transported to a composting plant. There the entire load is once again mixed and crushed using a suitable mixing device 16, from which the mass is taken to, e.g. a stockpile 17 for composting. It is naturally possible to use other composting solutions, such as composting drums or reactors .
  • Willow chips have odour-binding qualities that are nearly as good as peat. If a partly filled organic waste container stands for a longer time and begins to smell, willow chips should be added, particularly to the edges of the mass, because bad odours come from deeper in the mass along the edges.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et une structure de sac pour la collecte de déchets organiques ménagers lors de la mise au rebut locale de déchets. Le procédé consiste, pour le particulier, à apporter des lots de déchets organiques dans un point de collecte intermédiaire. L'entreprise d'enlèvement des ordures locale enlève les lots de déchets des points intermédiaires à intervalles réguliers en vue de leur compostage en grandes quantités dans des sites de compostage communaux. Le particulier place au fond du lot de déchets organiques un accélérateur correspondant à 10 à 35 % de la capacité totale, de même qu'un accélérateur correspondant à 10 à 35 % de la capacité totale, est placé au fond de la masse collectée au point intermédiaire, la plus grande partie de l'accélérateur utilisé dans la station de compostage communale provenant des particuliers et du point de collecte intermédiaire.
EP19960926412 1995-08-18 1996-08-15 Procede de collecte de dechets organiques menagers et structure de sac de collecte prevue a cet effet Withdrawn EP0961734A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI953891A FI103274B (fi) 1995-08-18 1995-08-18 Menetelmä biojätteen keräämiseksi kotitalouksista
FI953891 1995-08-18
PCT/FI1996/000440 WO1997007036A1 (fr) 1995-08-18 1996-08-15 Procede de collecte de dechets organiques menagers et structure de sac de collecte prevue a cet effet

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0961734A1 true EP0961734A1 (fr) 1999-12-08

Family

ID=8543874

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19960926412 Withdrawn EP0961734A1 (fr) 1995-08-18 1996-08-15 Procede de collecte de dechets organiques menagers et structure de sac de collecte prevue a cet effet

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0961734A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU6661096A (fr)
FI (1) FI103274B (fr)
WO (1) WO1997007036A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2217564T3 (es) 1997-06-30 2004-11-01 Richard John Rand Contenedor ventilado.
GB9824327D0 (en) 1998-11-06 1998-12-30 Rand Richard J Waste disposal containers
DE102005061233A1 (de) * 2005-12-20 2007-06-21 Sbm Maschinen Gmbh Verfahren zur Beseitigung von Biomasse
EP2785668B1 (fr) 2011-11-30 2019-11-13 BI - EN Corp. Compositions ionisées fluides, leurs procédés de préparation et leurs utilisations
CN107472773A (zh) * 2017-08-22 2017-12-15 饶胜智 一种垃圾高效填埋车

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3762454A (en) * 1971-11-15 1973-10-02 R Wilkins Disposable garbage container
GB2199820B (en) * 1986-11-25 1990-10-10 Boc Group Plc Method of composting
DE8805816U1 (de) * 1988-04-19 1988-06-16 Süd-Chemie AG, 80333 München Sack aus verrottbarem Material
DE4019771A1 (de) * 1990-06-21 1992-01-09 Heinz Hirschmann Muellbehaelter
US5178469A (en) * 1991-11-01 1993-01-12 Woods End Research Laboratory, Inc. Biodegradable container for liquid-containing solid materials

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9707036A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI103274B1 (fi) 1999-05-31
WO1997007036A1 (fr) 1997-02-27
FI953891A0 (fi) 1995-08-18
FI953891A (fi) 1997-02-19
AU6661096A (en) 1997-03-12
FI103274B (fi) 1999-05-31

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