EP0953188A2 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur identifikation und wiedererkennung von lebewesen und/oder gegenständen - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur identifikation und wiedererkennung von lebewesen und/oder gegenständenInfo
- Publication number
- EP0953188A2 EP0953188A2 EP97951239A EP97951239A EP0953188A2 EP 0953188 A2 EP0953188 A2 EP 0953188A2 EP 97951239 A EP97951239 A EP 97951239A EP 97951239 A EP97951239 A EP 97951239A EP 0953188 A2 EP0953188 A2 EP 0953188A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- image
- person
- reference data
- identification
- computer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
- G07C9/22—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder
- G07C9/25—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
- G07C9/253—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition visually
Definitions
- the invention is based on a method and a device for identifying and recognizing living beings and / or objects according to the preamble of claim 1 and the preamble of claim 31.
- Such methods and devices are used wherever, for example, the identity of a person must be verified, e.g. to grant access or access authorization. These include automated teller machines, computer workstations, access to companies, security areas or lockers. Methods and devices are known in which ID cards, chip cards with or without a personal identification number (PIN) or passwords are issued. A disadvantage of these known methods and devices is that a special means of identification must always be carried by the person. If this means is forgotten, access or access is not possible. If the funds are stolen by an unauthorized person, they can gain access or access. These known methods are therefore complex for the user and their handling is not reliable.
- the method according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 and the device according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 31 has the advantage that a reference image is first created in which a predetermined section of the living being or the object to be identified is identified by an image recording device is recorded. Characteristic features and their position are then determined from the reference image and stored on a memory as a reference data record. In order to identify or recognize the living being or the object, the specified section is used to record an image with the aid of a picture taking device. The identification image is then examined for the presence of the features and positions of the reference data record. If the characteristics are found exclusively at the specified positions in the identification image, the living being or the object in question is considered identified.
- the living being or the object is considered to be not identified.
- the number of features stored in the reference data record can vary depending on the application. It depends on the complexity of the recorded structures of the living being or object to be identified, on the desired accuracy of identification and on the possibilities offered by the image recording device.
- the inventive method and the inventive Devices work quickly and reliably, since the number of data to be stored is small and there is no direct comparison between the reference image and the identification image, but rather only the data of the reference data set are sought in the identification image.
- parts of the surface of the object or special areas of skin of the living being are suitable as sections of the living being or the relevant object suitable for identification.
- this can be the fingers or the face, since these are rarely covered by clothing and are therefore always available for testing purposes.
- the relative positions of the features to one another are determined and stored for the reference data set.
- the zero point of the relevant reference system can be placed in the position of one of the features, for example. This makes it easier to find the features in the identification image.
- the regularities or regularities present in the section are taken into account when identifying the living being or the object. In this way, living beings can be identified and recognized even with minor injuries or deformations of their body parts or objects with little damage.
- the reference data record is adapted to changes in the features and their position. In this way, chronic changes can occur in people or permanent changes in objects be taken into account. A corresponding check of the reference data record can be carried out with each identification process.
- the reference data set is a person's finger
- topological or morphological structures can be used as the types of features. These include, for example, skin strips or glands such as sebum or sweat glands.
- the use of several types of features increases the reliability of the method, in particular also in the identification of sections that have been changed with respect to individual features by damage or injury.
- additional data personal identification number, data on a data carrier
- search aid for the search for the reference data record.
- This further speeds up the identification process.
- several different numerical methods are also used simultaneously to create the reference data set and to identify the living being or the object. On the one hand, this leads to increased flexibility and speed of the method and the device. On the other hand, this makes it difficult to influence, falsify or copy the method or the device and thus increases the security and reliability.
- the Trelly method is used in addition to other numerical methods to create the reference data record and to identify the living being or the object.
- the wavelet method is used in addition to other numerical methods to create the reference data set and to search for the features of the reference data set in the identification image.
- the possibilities of data compression, image composition, the reconstruction of image errors, the recognition and selection of features and the exploitation of the property that phase information is transmitted are exploited.
- the living being to be identified is a person.
- parts of the epidermis which are characteristic of the individual are used to identify the person. These include, for example, skin strips, sweat and sebum glands and their openings, vessels, in particular blood vessels, and their movements due to the pulse beat. It is particularly advantageous here to indicate the positions of the glandular openings relative to the skin strips. In the case of a time-resolved recording, the registration of dynamic effects, such as pumping or flowing movements or changes in the diameter of the vessels, and their use for identification are also possible.
- the section of the person to be identified is the side of the finger facing away from the fingernail.
- fingerprints are also recorded and evaluated in the known methods of dactyloscopy.
- the invention not only records and evaluates the features of the skin strips, but also other structures present in the epidermis, such as sweat or sebaceous glands or vessels.
- image recording devices with a correspondingly high sensitivity, even small structures such as glands or vessels or structures under the skin surface can be recognized and used for identification.
- the method can also include recording and evaluating several fingers. This can increase the detection rate.
- the section of the person to be identified is the face or parts of the face.
- the characteristics of the epidermis or the position or color of the eyes, the position of the nose, the shape of the mouth, the position of skin folds or the shape of the face can also be used as features here.
- the natural heat radiation of the human body is recorded by the image recording device in order to create the reference image and to identify the person.
- the reference or identification image can be recorded without any illumination or illumination of the part of the body concerned. It also works in complete darkness. Contamination, malfunctions or minor injuries on the skin surface only have a minor influence on the reference or identification image.
- the person to be identified is not influenced by an additional lighting source. This means that the method and the device cannot lead to any physical impairment.
- light in the range of the visible or the infrared wavelength range is used to create the reference image and to identify the person.
- An additional light source for illuminating the section in question is not necessary, in particular when using a sensitive image recording device, since there is always sufficient space and scattered light in the surroundings.
- the person to be identified is not illuminated by an additional light source and is not impaired in this regard.
- the section of the person to be identified is illuminated with a light source in the visible or infrared wavelength range.
- an additional lighting source is necessary for carrying out the method, it can be spatially separated directly in or on the device or from the device, for example on the ceilings, walls or on the floor of the room in which the device according to the invention is installed and the method according to the invention is carried out.
- the lighting can also be used specifically for other purposes.
- a targeted temporal or geometrical spatial control of the lighting is possible. For example, illumination can only take place in cases in which the recording device takes a picture.
- filters for masking out wavelength ranges are used to record the reference image and the identification image.
- filters are used that hide the infrared ranges in the infrared range. This applies accordingly to image recording devices that are sensitive in the area of heat radiation or visible light.
- the reference image and the identification image are recorded contactlessly in relation to a device containing the image recording device.
- a spacing device can be provided which Specifies distance between the section to be identified and the image recording device.
- the person to be identified is guided by optical or acoustic signals when recording the reference image or the identification image for precise positioning of the section on the image recording device.
- optical or acoustic signals For example, colored lamps or displays with arrows can be provided, which indicate to the user in which direction the relevant section is to be moved. This can also be done by a corresponding tone, a melody or a voice announcement.
- the sharpness of the images recorded by the image recording device can be used to determine the distances.
- the information regarding the correct position regarding distance (focusing) and centering within the image is then obtained from the determined reference data.
- light barriers or position measuring methods are also possible.
- the reference image is converted into electrical signals, digitized and stored in a memory as reference data in the form of a data matrix.
- the reference data are stored in a central memory. In this way, several systems or devices can get access to the reference data.
- the reference image is converted into electrical signals, digitized and as Reference data stored in the form of a data matrix on an external data carrier.
- an external data carrier This can be, for example, a chip card or a transponder.
- the person concerned must carry the data carrier with them for identification.
- the identification process runs faster here, since the identification image of the person only has to be compared with the reference data of the data carrier carried. It is not necessary to access a central computer and find the corresponding reference data record in the central memory.
- Such an external data carrier carried by the person to be identified is particularly suitable if a large number of people are to be identified using the method and the device. This is the case, for example, with the customers of a bank.
- the authorization of the person is carried out using the method according to the invention for identifying and recognizing a person.
- the method according to the invention can be an integral part of the authorization check.
- the authorization can be an access or access authorization. These are used, for example, in automated teller machines, personnel entrances or security areas. Based on the identification of a person, they are given authorization to operate a specific device or open a door, for example. An authorized person can also grant other authorizations to third parties. Certain groups of people can be authorized to perform different actions, so that a decision tree can be created for the system. The mechanisms of the Petri net can be used here.
- the authorizations can also be summarized or subdivided or subsequently revoked.
- the procedure can be divided into one Process control or monitoring language or be integrated into an instrumentation, data flow or presentation language. Examples of this are the software tools from National Instruments such as Labview, LabWindows / CVI or Bridgeview.
- the method can be used, for example, for purchases, cash payments, database access or access control.
- the authorization can be limited in space and / or time. This is advantageous, for example, if a person in question is in a certain place for a certain time. This can be, for example, a hotel that the person lives on during their vacation or a hospital or sanatorium that visits the person for recovery. At the end of the stay, the assigned authorizations can be terminated and, for example, all payments made by the person can be settled.
- the external memory, on which the reference data are stored can be integrated, for example, in a key used by the person during his stay or in a pin. It can also be provided that the reference data are stored in a central memory or a computer network, so that no additional data carrier has to be carried for identification. A personal identification number or another addition can be assigned as a search aid.
- the authorization can be limited to a number of actions. In particular, it can be different for different people.
- the execution of an action can be checked by a person can use the method according to the invention for identifying the person in order to check whether a specific person has performed an action. This is necessary for security services, for example.
- the method according to the invention is used for additional checking of electronic signatures (electronic signatures). For example, due to the unique identifiability of a person's finger, it can be used to identify the person.
- the method according to the invention can be incorporated into a cryptological system with which individual persons can be identified, the information assigned to the person can be encrypted and protected against changes.
- the authorization of a person accessing the data can also be checked using the method according to the invention.
- the device according to the invention for identifying and recognizing a living being or an object has a first image recording device for recording a reference image of a predetermined section of the living being or the object to be identified. With the aid of a first computer and a first computer program, characteristic features and their positions are determined in the reference image. This data is stored on a memory as a reference data record.
- an identification image is recorded with the aid of a second image recording device.
- a second computer and a second computer program check the identification image for the presence of the data of the reference data set. This can be found in the identification picture again, the living being or the object is considered identified.
- an image recording device which takes over the function of the first and second image recording device. Dami t is only necessary to create a reference data record and to identify the person using only one image recording device.
- a computer which takes over the function of the first and second computers. Only one computer is required to create the reference data record and to identify the person or the object.
- the two image recording devices and the two computers can also be spatially separated from one another. This is particularly necessary if the reference data record is created at a different location than the identification takes place.
- the first and the second computer are networked with one another. In this way, the data transfer can take place between the two computers, so that the second computer has access to the reference data stored in the first computer.
- the memory is on
- the memory is an external memory. Both computers have access to this memory.
- the external memory can be, for example, a chip card or a transponder.
- an external portable data memory is provided as a search aid for the search for the reference data on the memory. In this way, the identification process can be accelerated.
- the first and / or the second image recording device is recorded in a device for checking an access or access authorization.
- the device according to the invention is thus at least partially integrated into a device for checking the access or access authorization.
- the device can also be integrated as a whole into the device.
- the device according to the invention is integrated in a further device in which actions may only be carried out by persons authorized to do so and logically linked to it.
- the action can only be carried out by the person concerned if it is identified by the device according to the invention.
- the first and / or the second image recording device is received in an automated teller machine.
- an automated teller machine This can be, for example, an ATM a bank statement printer or a self-service terminal.
- identification it can be provided, for example, that the person in question moves his finger to the image recording device that is recorded in the automated teller machine and that identification takes place on the basis of the features present in the finger.
- the reference data assigned to the finger can be stored, for example, on a chip card which is also to be inserted into the device or on a central computer.
- the first and / or the second image recording device are recorded in a button for operating a device.
- a button for operating a device can be, for example, the Enter key on a computer or a mouse button.
- a separate button can also be provided on the device for this purpose. The person concerned thereby gains access to the computer not by entering a password but by pressing the Enter key, the person's finger being clearly identified.
- the first and / or second image recording device is accommodated in a vehicle.
- the remaining parts of the device can also be integrated into the vehicle.
- the driver Before the vehicle can be started, the driver must prove his identity, for example, by moving his finger to the image recording device. In this way, the risk of unauthorized use of the vehicle can be minimized. This can be important in the civil as well as in the military area.
- the first and / or second image recording device is taken up in a weapon. Before the weapon can be triggered, the identity of the user is checked using the device according to the invention.
- the first and / or the second computer are coupled to a computer present in the device. The identification process can thus be integrated into the application specified by the device.
- the tasks of the first and / or the second computer and the tasks of a computer present in the device are performed by a computer.
- the identification process is integrated into the application of the device.
- the processor must be capable of performing all tasks.
- the device is part of a cryptological system.
- electronic signatures can also be encrypted, checked and protected against changes. This makes the cryptological system more reliable because there are better protection mechanisms. In particular, the system is better protected against misuse, which increases control. Such a system can also regulate the allocation of keys.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19647879 | 1996-11-19 | ||
DE19647879 | 1996-11-19 | ||
PCT/EP1997/006454 WO1998022913A2 (de) | 1996-11-19 | 1997-11-17 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur identifikation und wiedererkennung von lebewesen und/oder gegenständen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0953188A2 true EP0953188A2 (de) | 1999-11-03 |
Family
ID=7812148
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97951239A Withdrawn EP0953188A2 (de) | 1996-11-19 | 1997-11-17 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur identifikation und wiedererkennung von lebewesen und/oder gegenständen |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0953188A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2001504964A (de) |
AU (1) | AU733468B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2272360A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19750865A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998022913A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10000784A1 (de) * | 2000-01-11 | 2001-09-27 | Rfi Mobile Technologies Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Feststellen der Zugangsberechtigung zu einer Publikumsveranstaltung |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5521984A (en) * | 1993-06-10 | 1996-05-28 | Verification Technologies, Inc. | System for registration, identification and verification of items utilizing unique intrinsic features |
US5555512A (en) * | 1993-08-19 | 1996-09-10 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Picture processing apparatus for processing infrared pictures obtained with an infrared ray sensor and applied apparatus utilizing the picture processing apparatus |
US5572596A (en) * | 1994-09-02 | 1996-11-05 | David Sarnoff Research Center, Inc. | Automated, non-invasive iris recognition system and method |
DE19610066C1 (de) * | 1996-03-14 | 1997-09-18 | Siemens Nixdorf Advanced Techn | Verfahren zur Erfassung gesichtsbezogener Personendaten und deren Verwendung zur Identifizierung oder Verifikation von Personen |
-
1997
- 1997-11-17 CA CA002272360A patent/CA2272360A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-11-17 WO PCT/EP1997/006454 patent/WO1998022913A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-11-17 JP JP52321198A patent/JP2001504964A/ja active Pending
- 1997-11-17 EP EP97951239A patent/EP0953188A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-11-17 AU AU54842/98A patent/AU733468B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-11-17 DE DE19750865A patent/DE19750865A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9822913A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1998022913A3 (de) | 1998-08-27 |
DE19750865A1 (de) | 1998-07-09 |
AU733468B2 (en) | 2001-05-17 |
WO1998022913A2 (de) | 1998-05-28 |
AU5484298A (en) | 1998-06-10 |
JP2001504964A (ja) | 2001-04-10 |
CA2272360A1 (en) | 1998-05-28 |
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