EP0946340A1 - Method for stocking and preserving green round wood and sawn timber - Google Patents

Method for stocking and preserving green round wood and sawn timber

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Publication number
EP0946340A1
EP0946340A1 EP97952739A EP97952739A EP0946340A1 EP 0946340 A1 EP0946340 A1 EP 0946340A1 EP 97952739 A EP97952739 A EP 97952739A EP 97952739 A EP97952739 A EP 97952739A EP 0946340 A1 EP0946340 A1 EP 0946340A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sawn timber
wood
film
double
storage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97952739A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0946340B1 (en
Inventor
Gerold Mahler
Christoph Richter
Martin Gross
Andreas Weber
Thomas Maier
Jürgen König
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Universitaet Dresden
Original Assignee
Forstliche Versuchs- und Forschungsanstalt Baden-Wuerttemberg
Technische Universitaet Dresden
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Application filed by Forstliche Versuchs- und Forschungsanstalt Baden-Wuerttemberg, Technische Universitaet Dresden filed Critical Forstliche Versuchs- und Forschungsanstalt Baden-Wuerttemberg
Publication of EP0946340A1 publication Critical patent/EP0946340A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0095—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 by employing wrappers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the preservative storage of fresh logs and fresh sawn timber, such as softwood and hardwood, for storage over long periods of time without loss of quality.
  • common general preservation methods preferably concern foods that are either sterilized with the exclusion of air and heating (boil down) or are gassed in the dry state with carbon dioxide (grain protection against grain beetle infestation) or treated with protective gases of a special composition (fruit storage and ripening under a nitrogen-carbon dioxide atmosphere ) or be cleaned of insects under pure nitrogen (restoration of wooden objects whose color pigments would be attacked by carbon dioxide).
  • the methods previously used to preserve fresh logs are based on water storage or sprinkling with water.
  • the aim is to maintain a high wood moisture content of over 100% so that fungus growth is prevented.
  • Disadvantages are the high water consumption and the groundwater contamination with wood constituents, combined with different moisture in the interior of the pile, with the possible consequence of fungal attack (Hallimasch).
  • insecticides and fungicides logs and sawn timber can be preserved temporarily. Pesticide use is associated with the risk to nature and humans.
  • a safe preservation option is the rapid processing and drying of the wood. This forces large cutting and drying reserves to be able to quickly process a large mass of logs (calamities, windthrow).
  • microbiological modification of hardwood by the action of microorganisms brings about a selective change in the hardwood, the temperature, the moisture content of the wood, the 0 2 content and the C0 2 content being regulated with regard to the microorganisms.
  • DE-OS 34 34 551 a specific color change is caused on logs by treatment with wood-destroying fungi. The color change occurs at the point where the mushroom culture was applied. It will also be the application described several wood cultures, which is associated with an advantageous boundary layer formation.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a method with which fresh log or fresh sawn timber of all tree types can be stored for a long period of time without impairing the quality and strength properties, without sterilizing, moistening, drying or using special protective gases must be treated.
  • This low oxygen content is achieved in that after the breathing processes customary in fruit storage, in which CO . , and H 2 0 is released and which have finished consuming 0 2 , another cycle begins. Fermentation processes take place in which additional C0 2 is released, so that the proportion of C0 2 can increase further.
  • the biotechnological process started after the air is closed can be accelerated by minimizing the air volume involved in the casing.
  • a housing advantageously a film with high diffusion resistance, is used to produce the air seal.
  • the film can be doubled to reduce the risk of leakage.
  • the advantage of a flexible cover is that the air volume can be reduced to a minimum (suction until the film tightly surrounds the surface of the log or sawn timber).
  • the air seal can also be achieved in specially prepared warehouses, containers, ship holds, lined pits, silos or mine tunnels.
  • the microorganisms After a short opening of the airtight casing for the removal of wood, the almost oxygen-free atmosphere is restored after a few days. Regardless of the time of year, the microorganisms are able to bring them back into their favorable condition.
  • C0 2 which is stored in the wood as a porous body and dissolved in the water bound in the wood, can be released again to produce a new gas balance.
  • the air is sealed off from the layered or long wood piles, and from valuable (veneer) the Individual protection, rationally achieved with a double weld seam on the enveloping film or by gluing, or by clamping the smoothly lying film webs with strips, around which the film is then wrapped tightly and secured with clamps against rewinding.
  • the main advantage of the method according to the invention is that the preservative storage does not require additional gassing.
  • Fig. 1 shows an arrangement with several round timbers welded or glued double foil wrapping.
  • 2 shows an arrangement with a round timber with welded or glued double foil wrapping.
  • 3 shows a clamp connection at the foil edges.
  • Fig. 4 shows a diagram showing the gas development
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the bending strength in the
  • Double dual films were spread out on a flat surface and covered with 30 cbm of untreated spruce wood, diameter groups 15-25 cm.
  • Two measuring tubes were laid without pressure in the pile and fastened to the film with bulkhead screw connections. According to FIG. 1, the protruding film was then pulled over the pile and the two films - separately from one another - were welded with a double seam.
  • the oxygen content drops below 0.1%.
  • the carbon dioxide content levels out at around 40% (cf. FIG. 4).
  • After 24 months of storage there is no evidence of blueness, red streaking or Halli-mash infestation.
  • the flexural strengths measured according to DIN 52186 after storage are not lower than those of fresh comparative samples (cf. FIG. 5).
  • a maple veneer trunk with a center diameter of 35 cm and a length of 3 m is rolled up in double dual film.
  • a bulkhead screw connection is attached near the end faces of the trunk.
  • the foils are then welded twice. After 2 weeks there is an atmosphere a, which contains less than 0.1% oxygen and whose carbon dioxide content is up to 30%.
  • the wood is layered in airtight cargo holds, preferably filling the cargo space volume. Since the cargo holds can already be sealed watertight by bulkheads, the air seal only has to be made on the top by airtight or sealed hatches. In order to shorten the setting time, combustion gases from the ship's diesel are fed into the hold as initial gassing.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)
  • Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for stocking and preserving green round wood and sawn timber, which is stored in an airtight and lighttight sealing cover. The oxygen inside the cover is decomposed by the respiratory process of mushrooms, bacteria and wood cells that are still alive, thereby forming CO2 and H2O. Fermentation processes also lead to the decomposition of hemicelluloses and saccharides which are converted to organic acids and CO2. The oxygen content in the cover is less than 0.1 vol. % after an adjustment time of 3 to 10 days of total stocking, while said CO2 content rises to more than 21 to 40 vol. % . This method enables green round wood and sawn timber to be stocked over long periods without wastage or environmental damage.

Description

Verfahren zur konservierenden Lagerung von frischem Rund- und SchnittholzProcess for the preservative storage of fresh logs and sawn timber
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur konservierenden Lagerung von frischem Rundholz und frischem Schnittholz, wie Nadel- und Laubholz, zur Aufbewahrung über längere Zeiträume ohne Qualitätsverlust .The invention relates to a method for the preservative storage of fresh logs and fresh sawn timber, such as softwood and hardwood, for storage over long periods of time without loss of quality.
Bisher übliche allgemeine Konservierungsverfahren betreffen vorzugsweise Lebensmittel, die entweder unter Luftabschluß und Erhitzung sterilisiert werden (einkochen) oder im trockenen Zustand mit Kohlendioxid begast werden (Getreideschutz gegen Kornkäferbefall) oder mit Schutzgasen spezieller Zusammensetzung behandelt werden (Früchtelagerung und -reifung unter Stickstoff- Kohlendioxid-Atmosphäre) oder unter reinem Stickstoff von Insekten befreit werden (Restaurierung von Holzgegenständen, deren Farbpigmente von Kohlendioxid angegriffen würden) .Up to now, common general preservation methods preferably concern foods that are either sterilized with the exclusion of air and heating (boil down) or are gassed in the dry state with carbon dioxide (grain protection against grain beetle infestation) or treated with protective gases of a special composition (fruit storage and ripening under a nitrogen-carbon dioxide atmosphere ) or be cleaned of insects under pure nitrogen (restoration of wooden objects whose color pigments would be attacked by carbon dioxide).
Bisher speziell bei der Konservierung von frischem Rundholz angewendete Verfahren beruhen auf Wasserlagerung oder Berieselung mit Wasser. Ziel ist es, eine hohe Holzfeuchte von über 100 % zu erhalten, damit Pilzwachstum verhindert wird. Nachteilig sind der hohe Wasserverbrauch und die Grundwasserkontamination mit Holzinhaltstoffen, verbunden mit unterschiedlicher Feuchte im Polterinneren, mit der möglichen Folge von Pilzbefall (Hallimasch) . Ferner kann mit Hilfe von Insektiziden und Fungiziden Rund- und Schnittholz zeitweise konserviert werden. Pestizideinsatz ist mit der Gefährdung von Natur und Mensch verbunden.The methods previously used to preserve fresh logs are based on water storage or sprinkling with water. The aim is to maintain a high wood moisture content of over 100% so that fungus growth is prevented. Disadvantages are the high water consumption and the groundwater contamination with wood constituents, combined with different moisture in the interior of the pile, with the possible consequence of fungal attack (Hallimasch). Furthermore, with the help of insecticides and fungicides, logs and sawn timber can be preserved temporarily. Pesticide use is associated with the risk to nature and humans.
Eine sichere Konservierungsmöglichkeit besteht in der raschen Aufarbeitung und Trocknung des Holzes. Dies zwingt zur Bildung von großen Einschnitt- und Trocknerreserven, um einen großen Massenanfall von Rundholz (Kalamitäten, Windwurf) schnell verarbeiten zu können.A safe preservation option is the rapid processing and drying of the wood. This forces large cutting and drying reserves to be able to quickly process a large mass of logs (calamities, windthrow).
Versuche, frisches Rundholz in Trockenpoltern zu konservieren, sind ebenfalls bekannt. Das Verfahren ist aber mit einem hohen Risiko des Pilz- und Insektenbefalles verbunden.Attempts to preserve fresh logs in dry pile are also known. However, the procedure is associated with a high risk of fungal and insect attack.
Verfahren, die mit Hilfe von Pilzkulturen auf die Holzeigen- schaften einwirken, sind aus der DE-OS 28 57 355 und der DE-OS 34 34 551 bekannt.Methods which act on the wood properties with the aid of fungal cultures are known from DE-OS 28 57 355 and DE-OS 34 34 551.
Nach der DE-OS 28 57 355 ist ein Verfahren zur mikrobiologischen Veränderung von Laubholz durch Einwirkung von Mikroorganismen bekannt. Durch die Mikroorganismen wird eine selektive Veränderung des Laubholzes bewirkt, wobei die Temperatur, der Feuchtigkeitsgehalt des Holzes, der 02-Gehalt und der C02-Gehalt mit Rücksicht auf die Mikroorganismen geregelt werden.According to DE-OS 28 57 355 a method for microbiological modification of hardwood by the action of microorganisms is known. The microorganisms bring about a selective change in the hardwood, the temperature, the moisture content of the wood, the 0 2 content and the C0 2 content being regulated with regard to the microorganisms.
Bei DE-OS 34 34 551 wird an Rundholz eine gezielte Farbveränderung durch Behandlung mittels holzzerstörender Pilze hervorgerufen. Die Farbveränderung erfolgt an der Stelle, an der die Pilzkultur aufgetragen wurde. Es wird auch das Auftragen mehrerer Holzkulturen beschrieben, was mit einer vorteilhaften Grenzschichtbildung verbunden ist .In DE-OS 34 34 551, a specific color change is caused on logs by treatment with wood-destroying fungi. The color change occurs at the point where the mushroom culture was applied. It will also be the application described several wood cultures, which is associated with an advantageous boundary layer formation.
In der Druckschrift AFZ 19/1992 Seite 1024 und 1025 wird über Versuche berichtet, Holz durch Schutzgas zu konservieren. Bei den Versuchen wurden Hölzer in standardisierten Dimensionen in Silofolie eingepackt. Die Polter wurden mit Stickstoff als auch mit Kohlendioxid begast; an Gasvolumen wurde jeweils etwa die dreifache Menge des Holzvolumens benötigt. Damit wurde der Sauerstoffgehalt auf 4 bis 5% reduziert und über einen längeren Zeitraum (mehr als 6 Monate) aufrechterhalten. Nach dem Öffnen der Polter wurde ein pilzlicher Überzug an den Hölzern festgestellt, dem eine antagonistische Wirkung zugeschrieben und darauf hingewiesen wird, daß durch Förderung antagonistisch wirkender Pilze ein Befall von holzzerstörenden Pilzen verhindert werden könnte .In the publication AFZ 19/1992 page 1024 and 1025 reports on attempts to preserve wood with protective gas. During the tests, wood in standardized dimensions was packed in silage film. The pile was gassed with nitrogen as well as with carbon dioxide; the gas volume required about three times the volume of the wood. This reduced the oxygen content to 4 to 5% and maintained it over a longer period (more than 6 months). After opening the pile, a fungal coating was found on the wood, which is said to have an antagonistic effect and is pointed out that by promoting antagonistic fungi, an attack by wood-destroying fungi could be prevented.
Nachteilig erscheint der beschriebene Begasungsaufwand und der relativ hohe Sauerstoffrestgehalt .The described fumigation expenditure and the relatively high residual oxygen content appear to be disadvantageous.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zu entwickeln, mit dem bei vertretbarem Aufwand frisches Rundholz oder frisches Schnittholz aller Baumarten für einen längeren Zeitraum ohne Beeinträchtigung der Qualität und Festigkeitseigenschaften gelagert werden kann, ohne daß vorher sterilisiert, befeuchtet, getrocknet oder mit speziellen Schutzgasen behandelt werden muß.The invention has for its object to develop a method with which fresh log or fresh sawn timber of all tree types can be stored for a long period of time without impairing the quality and strength properties, without sterilizing, moistening, drying or using special protective gases must be treated.
Die Aufgabe wird mit den im Anspruch 1 genannten Verfahrens - merkmalen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Varianten ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen .The object is achieved with the method features mentioned in claim 1. Advantageous variants result from the Subclaims.
Zunächst ist festzustellen, daß eine gewisse Überraschung darin besteht, daß das feuchte, unentrindete Holz unter einer austauscharmen Atmosphäre nicht stockt und fault. Wesentlich an der Erfindung ist aber, daß durch Stoffwechselprozesse von Pilzen, Bakterien, aber auch durch Atmungsprozesse noch lebender Holzzellen, die durch das frische Rundholz bzw. das frische Schnittholz in die Umhüllung mit eingelagert werden, eine nahezu Sauerstofffreie und kohlendioxidangereicherte Atmosphäre erzeugt wird .First of all, it should be noted that there is a certain surprise in the fact that the damp, untrimmed wood does not falter and rot under a low-exchange atmosphere. It is essential to the invention, however, that an almost oxygen-free and carbon dioxide-enriched atmosphere is generated by metabolic processes of fungi, bacteria, but also by breathing processes of still living wooden cells, which are embedded in the casing by the fresh log or the fresh sawn timber.
Entgegen der in der AFZ 19/1992 Seite 1024 und 1025 dargelegten Auffassung ist nicht die Wirkung der pilzlichen Antagonisten von ausschlaggebender Bedeutung, holzzerstorende Pilze am Wachstum zu hindern. Vielmehr ist der sehr geringe Sauersto fgehalt von unter 0,1 Vol-% von wesentlicher Bedeutung einer dauerhaften Lagerung.Contrary to the view outlined in AFZ 19/1992 pages 1024 and 1025, the effect of the fungal antagonists is not of decisive importance in preventing wood-destroying fungi from growing. Rather, the very low oxygen content of less than 0.1% by volume is essential for long-term storage.
Dieser geringe Sauerstoffgehalt wird dadurch erreicht, daß nach den bei der Obstlagerung üblichen Atmungsprozessen, bei denen CO., und H20 freigesetzt wird und die mit der Aufzehrung des 02 beendet sind, ein weiterer Zyklus beginnt. Dabei finden Gärungsprozesse statt, bei denen zusätzlich C02 freigesetzt wird, so daß sich der Anteil an C02 weiter erhöhen kann.This low oxygen content is achieved in that after the breathing processes customary in fruit storage, in which CO . , and H 2 0 is released and which have finished consuming 0 2 , another cycle begins. Fermentation processes take place in which additional C0 2 is released, so that the proportion of C0 2 can increase further.
Die Ingangsetzung von Gärungsprozessen ist bei der Erfindung (im Gegensatz zur Früchtelagerung) von wesentlichem Vorteil . Ein Cellulose- und Ligninabbau geht nicht einher, da nur leicht lösliche Zucker abgebaut werden. Somit bleibt die Festigkeit des Rund- bzw. Schnittholzes erhalten.The initiation of fermentation processes is of considerable advantage in the invention (in contrast to the storage of fruit). Cellulose and lignin are not broken down, since only easily soluble sugars are broken down. Thus, the strength of the Get round or sawn timber.
Der nach Luftabschluß in Gang gesetzte biotechnologische Prozeß kann durch Minimierung des beteiligten Luftvolumens in der Umhüllung beschleunigt werden.The biotechnological process started after the air is closed can be accelerated by minimizing the air volume involved in the casing.
Zur Herstellung des Luftabschlusses wird eine Einhausung, vorteilhaft eine Folie mit hohem Diffusionswiderstand, verwendet. Zur Verminderung des Risikos einer Leckage kann die Folie gedoppelt werden. Der Vorteil einer flexiblen Hülle besteht darin, daß das Luftvolumen auf ein Minimum gesenkt werden kann (Absaugung, bis die Folie die Polter- bzw. Schnittholzstabel - Oberfläche eng umschließt) .A housing, advantageously a film with high diffusion resistance, is used to produce the air seal. The film can be doubled to reduce the risk of leakage. The advantage of a flexible cover is that the air volume can be reduced to a minimum (suction until the film tightly surrounds the surface of the log or sawn timber).
Der Luftabschluß kann aber auch in eigens hergerichteten Lagerhallen, Containern, Schiffsladeräumen, ausgekleideten Gruben, Silos oder Bergwerkstollen erreicht werden.The air seal can also be achieved in specially prepared warehouses, containers, ship holds, lined pits, silos or mine tunnels.
Nach kurzzeitiger Öffnung der luftdichten Umhüllung zur Entnahme von Holz stellt sich nach Wiederverschluß in wenigen Tagen die nahezu Sauerstofffreie Atmosphäre wieder ein. Die Mikroorganismen sind - unabhängig von der Jahreszeit - in der Lage, den für sie günstigen Zustand wieder herbeizuführen.After a short opening of the airtight casing for the removal of wood, the almost oxygen-free atmosphere is restored after a few days. Regardless of the time of year, the microorganisms are able to bring them back into their favorable condition.
Außerdem kann C02 , das im Holz als porösem Körper gespeichert und dem im Holz gebundenen Wasser gelöst ist, zur Herstellung eines neuen Gasgleichgewichtes wieder abgegeben werden.In addition, C0 2 , which is stored in the wood as a porous body and dissolved in the water bound in the wood, can be released again to produce a new gas balance.
Bei Folielagerung wird der Luftabschluß der Schicht- oder Langholzpolter, bei wertvollen (Furnier) stammen auch der Einzelschutz, rationell mit einer doppelten Schweißnaht an der umhüllenden Folie bzw. durch Verkleben erreicht oder durch Festklemmen der glatt aufeinander liegenden Folienbahnen mit Leisten, um die anschließend die Folie straff gewickelt und mit Klemmen gegen Wiederaufrollen gesichert wird.In the case of foil storage, the air is sealed off from the layered or long wood piles, and from valuable (veneer) the Individual protection, rationally achieved with a double weld seam on the enveloping film or by gluing, or by clamping the smoothly lying film webs with strips, around which the film is then wrapped tightly and secured with clamps against rewinding.
Der wesentliche Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht darin, daß die konservierende Lagerung ohne eine zusätzliche Begasung auskommt .The main advantage of the method according to the invention is that the preservative storage does not require additional gassing.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an Hand von mehrerenThe invention is described below with the aid of several
Ausfuhrungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:Exemplary embodiments explained in more detail. The drawings show:
Fig. 1 eine Anordnung mit mehreren Rundhölzern verschweißter bzw. verklebter doppelter Folienumhüllung Fig. 2 eine Anordnung mit einem Rundholz mit verschweißter bzw. verklebter doppelter Folienumhüllung Fig. 3 eine Klemmverbindung an den Folienrändern Fig. 4 ein Diagramm mit Darstellung der Gasentwicklung beiFig. 1 shows an arrangement with several round timbers welded or glued double foil wrapping. 2 shows an arrangement with a round timber with welded or glued double foil wrapping. 3 shows a clamp connection at the foil edges. Fig. 4 shows a diagram showing the gas development
Lagerung unter Luftabschluß Fig. 5 ein Diagramm mit Darstellung der Biegefestigkeit imStorage under exclusion of air. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the bending strength in the
Lagerverlauf nach Lagerung unter Sauerstoffentzug mitStorage history after storage with oxygen deprivation
Nullprobe und DIN-WertZero test and DIN value
Beispiel 1example 1
Gedoppelte Dualenfolien wurden auf eine plane Fläche ausgebreitet und mit 30 cbm unentrindetem Profilzerspanerholz Fichte, Durchmessergruppen 15-25 cm, belegt. Zwei Meßschläuche wurden druckfrei im Polter verlegt und mit Schottverschraubungen an der Folie befestigt. Gemäß der Fig. 1 wurde anschließend die überstehende Folie über das Polter gezogen und beide Folien - getrennt voneinander - mit doppelter Naht verschweißt. Im Sommer sinkt nach ca. 3 Tagen, im Winter nach ca. 10 Tagen der Sauerstoffanteil unter 0,1 %. Der Kohlendioxidgehalt pegelt sich bei ca. 40 % ein (vgl. Fig. 4) . Nach 24 Monaten Lagerdauer sind weder Bläue, Rotstreifigkeit noch Hallimaschbefall nachweisbar. Die nach DIN 52186 gemessenen Biegefestigkeiten liegen nach Lagerung nicht unter denen frischer Vergleichsproben (vgl. Fig. 5) .Double dual films were spread out on a flat surface and covered with 30 cbm of untreated spruce wood, diameter groups 15-25 cm. Two measuring tubes were laid without pressure in the pile and fastened to the film with bulkhead screw connections. According to FIG. 1, the protruding film was then pulled over the pile and the two films - separately from one another - were welded with a double seam. In summer, after approx. 3 days, in winter after approx. 10 days, the oxygen content drops below 0.1%. The carbon dioxide content levels out at around 40% (cf. FIG. 4). After 24 months of storage, there is no evidence of blueness, red streaking or Halli-mash infestation. The flexural strengths measured according to DIN 52186 after storage are not lower than those of fresh comparative samples (cf. FIG. 5).
Beispiel 2Example 2
1 m! Schichtholz Kiefer wurde wie in Fig. 2 in doppelte Dualenfolie gehüllt. Beide Folienenden wurden glatt zwischen zwei Leisten geklemmt und in diese Leisten straff gewickelt. Mittels Klammern wurde der so entstandene Verbund gegen Aufdrehen gesichert. Damit kann ohne Schweißnaht mit vor Ort vorhandenen Mitteln die Voraussetzung zur Einstellung der Gasatmosphäre geschaffen werden.1 m ! Plywood pine was wrapped in double dual film as in Fig. 2. Both ends of the film were clamped smoothly between two strips and wrapped tightly in these strips. The resulting bond was secured against unscrewing with clips. This means that the prerequisites for setting the gas atmosphere can be created without a weld using means available on site.
Beispiel 3Example 3
Nach Fig. 3 ist ein Ahorn- Furnierstamm von 35 cm Mittendurchmesser und 3 m Länge in doppelte Dualenfolie eingerollt. In der Nähe der Stirnflächen des Stammes wird je eine Schottverschraubung angebracht. Anschließend werden die Folien doppelt verschweißt. Nach 2 Wochen stellt sich eine Atmosphäre ein, die weniger als 0,1 % Sauerstoff enthält und deren Kohlendioxidanteil bis zu 30 % beträgt.According to FIG. 3, a maple veneer trunk with a center diameter of 35 cm and a length of 3 m is rolled up in double dual film. A bulkhead screw connection is attached near the end faces of the trunk. The foils are then welded twice. After 2 weeks there is an atmosphere a, which contains less than 0.1% oxygen and whose carbon dioxide content is up to 30%.
Beispiel 4Example 4
Um Überseetransporte von frischem Rundholz schadlos zu ermöglichen, wird das Holz in luftdicht abgeschlossenen Laderäumen, möglichst das Laderaumvolumen ausfüllend, geschichtet. Da die Laderäume durch Schotte bereits wasserdicht verschlossen werden können, muß nur oberseits der Luftabschluß durch luftdichte oder abgedichtete Luken hergestellt werden. Um die Einstelldauer zu verkürzen, werden als Initialbegasung Verbrennungsgase der Schiffsdiesel dem Laderaum zugeführt. In order to enable fresh logs to be transported overseas without damage, the wood is layered in airtight cargo holds, preferably filling the cargo space volume. Since the cargo holds can already be sealed watertight by bulkheads, the air seal only has to be made on the top by airtight or sealed hatches. In order to shorten the setting time, combustion gases from the ship's diesel are fed into the hold as initial gassing.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur konservierenden Lagerung von frischem Rund- und Schnittholz, bei dem1. Process for the preservative storage of fresh logs and sawn timber, in which
- frisches Rund- oder Schnittholz in einer luft- und lichtdicht schließenden Umhüllung eingelagert wird,- fresh round or sawn timber is stored in an airtight and light-tight envelope,
- in der Umhüllung befindlicher Sauerstoff durch Atmungsund Gärungsprozesse von Pilzen, Bakterien sowie Atmungsprozesse noch lebender Holzzellen unter Bildung von C02 , H20 und organischen Säuren abgebaut wird, wobei im wesentlichen Hemicellulosen und Zucker umgesetzt werden,oxygen in the envelope is broken down by respiratory and fermentation processes of fungi, bacteria and respiratory processes of still living wooden cells with the formation of C0 2 , H 2 0 and organic acids, essentially reacting hemicelluloses and sugar,
- und somit der Sauerstoffgehalt in der Umhüllung weniger als 0,1 Vol-% nach einer Einstelldauer von 3 bis 10 Tagen während der gesamten Lagerung und der C02-Gehalt über 21 bis 40 Vol-% beträgt.- And thus the oxygen content in the coating is less than 0.1 vol% after a setting period of 3 to 10 days during the entire storage and the CO 2 content is over 21 to 40 vol%.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem zur Verkürzung der Einstelldauer durch zusätzliche Begasung mit C02 der C02- Gehalt auf über 21 Vol-% sofort nach der Einlagerung eingestellt wird.2. The method of claim 1, in which to shorten the setting time by additional fumigation with C0 2, the C0 2 content is set to over 21% by volume immediately after storage.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei dem vor Beginn der Atmungs- und Gärungsprozesse das Luftvolumen in der Umhüllung minimiert wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air volume in the casing is minimized before the start of the breathing and fermentation processes.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, bei dem als Umhüllung eine feste oder flexible Einhausung verwendet wird, wobei der Innenraum der Einhausung zur Umgebung luft- und lichtdicht abgeschlossen wird. 4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, in which a fixed or flexible housing is used as a covering, the interior of the housing being sealed airtight and light-tight to the surroundings.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, bei dem als Umhüllung eine einfache oder doppelte, uv-beständige Plastikfolie mit hohem Diffusionswiderstand verwendet wird.5. The method according to claim 1 to 4, in which a single or double, UV-resistant plastic film with high diffusion resistance is used as the covering.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, bei dem als Folie eine einfache oder doppelte zweischichtige Folie verwendet wird, deren schwarze Innenseite Lichtzutritt und damit Algenwachstum verhindert und deren weiße Außenseite Sonnenstrahlung reflektiert .6. The method according to claim 5, in which a single or double double-layer film is used as the film, the black inside of which prevents access to light and thus algae growth and the white outside of which reflects solar radiation.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, bei dem die Folien jeweils einzeln oder gleichzeitig mit doppelter Schweißnaht verschlossen werden.7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the films are closed individually or simultaneously with a double weld.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, bei dem die Folien miteinander verklebt werden.8. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the films are glued together.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 und 6, bei dem die Folien plan aufeinander liegen, zwischen zwei Leisten eingeklemmt werden, um diese straff gewickelt und mit einer Halterung fixiert werden.9. The method according to claim 5 and 6, in which the foils lie flat on one another, are clamped between two strips, wrapped tightly around these and fixed with a holder.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 bis 9, bei dem an den Folien Schottverschraubungen für Gasmeßschläuche angebracht werden, die die Folie durchdringen.10. The method according to claim 5 to 9, in which bulkhead fittings for gas measuring hoses are attached to the films, which penetrate the film.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 10, bei dem die Schottverschraubungen innerhalb der Umhüllung Verlängerungsschläuche aufweisen, und die Schlauchenden in entgegengesetzte Enden des Innenraumes der Umhüllung verlegt werden .11. The method according to claim 4 or 10, wherein the bulkhead fittings within the sheath have extension hoses, and the hose ends in opposite ends of the interior of the casing are laid.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, bei dem an den Gasmeßschlauchen über Schnellkupplungen Meßgeräte angekoppelt werden, mit denen der Lagerungsverlauf anhand der Gaszusammensetzung kontrolliert werden kann.12. The method according to claim 11, in which measuring devices are coupled to the gas measuring hoses via quick-release couplings, with which the course of the bearing can be checked on the basis of the gas composition.
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, bei dem als feste Einhausung Container oder Laderäume verwendet werden.13. The method according to claim 4, in which containers or holds are used as the fixed housing.
14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, bei dem die Container oder Laderäume mit Abgasen aus dem Verbrennungsprozess der Transportmittel bzw. stationären Anlagen beaufschlagt werden .14. The method according to claim 13, in which the containers or holds are subjected to exhaust gases from the combustion process of the means of transport or stationary systems.
Hierzu 3 Blatt Zeichnungen With 3 sheets of drawings
EP97952739A 1996-12-19 1997-12-19 Method for stocking and preserving green round wood and sawn timber Expired - Lifetime EP0946340B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19652951A DE19652951A1 (en) 1996-12-19 1996-12-19 Process for the preservative storage of fresh logs
DE19652951 1996-12-19
PCT/DE1997/002966 WO1998026907A1 (en) 1996-12-19 1997-12-19 Method for stocking and preserving green round wood and sawn timber

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EP0946340A1 true EP0946340A1 (en) 1999-10-06
EP0946340B1 EP0946340B1 (en) 2001-11-14

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US (1) US6830727B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0946340B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2001506193A (en)
CN (1) CN1081521C (en)
AT (1) ATE208691T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2274636C (en)
CZ (1) CZ291309B6 (en)
DE (2) DE19652951A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0946340T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2167807T3 (en)
NZ (1) NZ336637A (en)
RU (1) RU2177406C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1998026907A1 (en)

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DE19652951A1 (en) 1996-12-19 1998-06-25 Univ Dresden Tech Process for the preservative storage of fresh logs
FR2806953B1 (en) * 2000-03-31 2002-06-21 Step LIGHTWEIGHT SHELTER AND METHOD FOR THE STORAGE AND PRESERVATION IN A CONFINED ENVIRONMENT OF LOGS AND / OR SAW TIMBER
CN106965281B (en) * 2017-04-10 2018-10-23 阜南佳利工艺品有限公司 A kind of processing method improving willow plank anti-aging property
RU192914U1 (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-10-07 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уральский государственный лесотехнический университет" STACK FOR STORAGE ROUND FOREST MATERIALS

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Publication number Publication date
ATE208691T1 (en) 2001-11-15
CA2274636C (en) 2007-01-30
DE59705415D1 (en) 2001-12-20
CA2274636A1 (en) 1998-06-25
NZ336637A (en) 2001-09-28
DK0946340T3 (en) 2002-02-25
JP2001506193A (en) 2001-05-15
CZ225099A3 (en) 2000-01-12
US6830727B1 (en) 2004-12-14
CZ291309B6 (en) 2003-01-15
ES2167807T3 (en) 2002-05-16
RU2177406C2 (en) 2001-12-27
WO1998026907A1 (en) 1998-06-25
DE19652951A1 (en) 1998-06-25
EP0946340B1 (en) 2001-11-14
CN1081521C (en) 2002-03-27
CN1244830A (en) 2000-02-16

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