EP2574435A2 - Woods in permanent contact with soil or water - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves enclosing an oxygen-consuming composition (4b) by an air-tight device (6). A planar formation (4a) contains a metal and encloses the timber (1). The metal has oxygen-consuming properties and is selected from aluminum, iron, magnesium, zinc, silver, and alloys. The metal is attached to earth- or air area (8a) or water- or air area (8b) of timber. The oxygen-consuming composition is provided in the form of paste or coating or carrier matrix and has metal powder, sulfur or sulfides such as iron sulfide and an organic antioxidant. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) a method for preventing the escape of copper ions from copper-impregnated timber in permanent soil- or water contact; and (2) a device for preventing the escape of copper ions from copper-impregnated timber in permanent soil- or water contact.

Description

Woods and wood components that are in constant contact with the ground or the water are in danger of attacking wood-destroying organisms, in particular rotten organisms from the groups of the Basidiomycetes (eg sponges, aphids) and the fungi imperfecti (eg soft rot). and wood-destroying insects, mainly from the family of Cerambycidae (longhorn beetle) exposed. In the immediate vicinity of the ground level - about 20 cm above and below it - moisture and oxygen as essential substances for the development of wood-destroying fungi are available, so that sets a massive infection pressure in the so-called earth / air area. More than 90% of casualties (rotting waste) in wooden poles are attributed to the specified earth / air area, as are hop bars, fruit and viniculture pens, playground equipment, avalanche paving, palisades, etc., regardless of the basic impregnation and the Preservation method of the subject woods.

It is considered as prior art to counteract this also a lower flexural strength and stability due to decay damage by mechanical barriers to moisture or biocidal bandage systems, double impregnation, use of Impfstichpasten etc.

It is state of the art to counteract the described degradation by a suitable biocidal impregnation. Thus, wooden poles are used for use as a carrier of power lines and telephone lines as well as for fence posts usually in the pressure-impregnated state, ie a wood preservative is Pressed into the wood under pressure. The weak point of piles and masts, which are anchored in the ground, is the transition area between soil and atmosphere, where putrefactive bacteria, fungi, etc. attack the wood. While the average lifespan of areas located below and above the vulnerable area can be several decades, this transitional area often has a lifespan of a few years, even in the impregnated state, depending on the terrain. To make matters worse, that many particularly effective impregnating agents that have been used so far, due to stricter environmental legislation, eg. B. because of the threat to groundwater, are prohibited.

Although with the impregnation described above, although a significant extension of the service life of wooden poles has been achieved, nevertheless there are always failures in the wooden poles used by decay formation in the earth / air area.

In the DE 38 23 353 A1 is a method for preserving or impregnating anchored in the ground wooden poles described in which in the transition zone between soil and atmosphere, a shrink tube is arranged, which is shrunk with its downwardly facing end on the wooden pole, whereupon then in the annulus between the shrink-open tube open to the top and the wood mast a fäulnishemmender substance is introduced in free-flowing or liquid form.

In the EP 0 400 447 B1 a wooden mast for use as a mast is described, which is wrapped in the Erd- / Luftbereich of a shrink film, between shrink film and mast a paste is provided, which is boron or a substance as active ingredient Contains boron compound, which are intended as impregnating agent for the mast. A similar system is disclosed in the publication DE 20 43 489 described, which also provides an enclosure of the mast in Erd- / Luftbereich with a film, with a protective salt layer is applied between the film and the mast.

The WO2007 / 134835 discloses a shrink-wrapped, ground / air-impregnated wooden mast comprising, between foil and the impregnated area, a metal selected from zinc, copper and copper-containing alloys in the form of foil, netting, sleeve or sheet, and a method of Protection of wooden poles. However, the wooden mast and the method are only suitable for new production and do not allow aftercare of already installed masts.

Thus, there is still the problem that wood in the earth / air area or water / air area are not sufficiently protected and break. In addition, there is the problem that the protective measures with impregnating agents lead to pollution of the environment.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide woods that overcome the disadvantages of the prior art. A further object of the present invention is to provide a method by which wood is effectively mechanically and biologically stabilized in the critical earth / air region or water / air region, and a process for aftercare of already installed woods.

These objects are achieved by the inventive method and by a wood according to the invention according to the independent claims solved. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

An object of the invention is a method for decay protection and / or for increasing the flexural strength and / or stability of timbers in continuous ground or water contact, characterized in that (a) an oxygen-depleting preparation, which is enclosed by an airtight final device, or (b) a metal-containing metal-containing sheet, the metal having oxygen-depleting properties and selected from aluminum, iron, magnesium, zinc, their mixtures or their alloys, attached to the earth / air or water / air region of the woods becomes.

Woods in continuous contact with the ground are woods that are in contact, at least in part, permanently with the soil in which they are embedded. Usually, the woods are of cylindrical or cuboid basic shape. The part of a timber that is in contact with the ground depends on its total length and can be up to 4 m. Exemplary woods include masts, piles, or poles of any type that can be anchored in the ground, such as e.g. Pole pylons, in particular electricity or telephone poles, pylons, posts or poles used in agriculture, e.g. for hops, trellises, grape vines; Wood for playground equipment, palisades or avalanche barriers.

Woods in permanent contact with water are woods which, in addition to the soil in which they are anchored, at least in part remain permanently in contact with water. Usually, the woods are of cylindrical or cuboid basic shape. Examples of such timbers include poles, piles or poles, especially in harbor construction such as harbor mole.

Oxygenating preparation includes at least one element or compound capable of depriving oxygen of its environment. For the removal of oxygen, base metals such as zinc, magnesium, aluminum, iron, copper, their mixtures and alloys are particularly suitable, since these are very oxidisable metals. These metals are also referred to below as metals with oxygen-depleting properties. Other suitable compounds are described elsewhere.

Airtight device refers to any device which is suitable for hermetically sealing a wood to be used in the invention at the point or locations where it envelops the wood or against the wood. The externally applied hermetically sealing device, such as a PE film, has a high mechanical stability and impermeability to air and moisture. It serves for the mechanical isolation of the earth / air area or the water / air area against the surrounding soil or the surrounding water. Moreover, it causes a reduction in the washout losses of the basic impregnation in such treated woods in the earth / air area or water / air area. An airtight final device may for example be in the form of a cuff or two half-shells. The dimensions of such a device are in detail dependent on the dimensions of the earth / air area or water / air area and are usually such that the wood has a length of between 40 cm (eg 20 cm each in the ground or in the water and in the air) and 1.2 m (eg 1 m each in the ground or in the water and in the air) of the airtight final Device is covered. Preferred facilities still cover the earth / air area or water / air area of the wood to a length of between 60 cm and 2 m (eg, each between 30 and 50 cm below and above the ground level or water / air boundary) more preferably over a length of 40 cm below and above the ground level or water / air limit.

A sheet according to the invention may have any planar shape, but in any case is flexible, so that it can be mounted around the woods. Exemplary sheets include nets, films, sleeves, meshes, fabrics, and a matrix in which one of the metals described above is incorporated or incorporated.

The earth / air area is the part of the wood that extends from about 20 to 60 cm below to about 20 to 60 cm above the ground level. In this area, the admission of air and moisture forms optimal conditions for the existence of wood-destroying organisms. In addition, occur in mechanical loads of a wood in constant contact with the ground here the greatest pressure and tensile forces. The situation is similar with the water / air range of woods, with this range correspondingly extending from about 20 cm to 60 cm below to about 20 to 60 cm above the water-air boundary. Since timbers in continuous contact with water are often used in tidal ranges, the water / air range may in some cases include larger than the above ranges. Preferred ranges range from 30 to 50 cm below the ground level or water / air boundary to 30 to 50 cm above the ground level or water / air boundary.

Also disclosed is a method for aftercare of timbers in continuous soil or water contact, comprising (a) attaching one or (b) replacing an earth / air or water / air area device to protect the wood from rot a predetermined time interval through a device comprising a metal-containing sheet enclosing the wood at the earth / air or water / air region, said metal having oxygen-depleting properties.

The supply of oxygen-consuming metal such as e.g. Zinc is adequately sized, and in combination with the high stability and impermeability of the outer film, a 6 to 12-year, in particular a 10-year maintenance interval is feasible.

This subject relates to a Nachpflegesystem to increase the life and road safety of woods such. As wooden poles, intended for periodic use at the location of installed poles

Active component of the device, e.g. in the form of a bandage is a metal-containing sheet such. Example, a film, a network or a grid, which / surrounds the ground level of the installed (built) wood preferably symmetrically.

The main function of this metal-containing fabric as well as the oxygen-consuming preparation is to withdraw one of the livelihoods, the oxygen, in the earth / air area of the wooden poles particularly virulent wood-destroying organisms. For the removal of oxygen metals are suitable with oxygen-depleting properties as others Place listed. In particular, zinc is suitable because it is a very oxidizable, non-noble metal. In the following, the system according to the invention will be described in more detail with reference to zinc as an oxygen-consuming metal. However, the system is readily transferable to other metals having an oxygen-consuming effect.

• [1] Oxidation des Zinks Zn → Zn²⁺ + 2e
• [2] Bindungsreaktion des Sauerstoffs 2 Zn + O₂ + H₂O → 2 Zn(OH)₂

In the occlusive system of the device according to the invention, the oxygen depletion takes place by oxidation of the zinc with inevitable formation of zinc ions:

• [1] Oxidation of zinc Zn → Zn ²⁺ + 2e
• [2] Binding Reaction of Oxygen 2 Zn + O ₂ + H ₂ O → 2 Zn (OH) ₂

The forming zinc compounds, which are present predominantly as hydroxide, hydroxide and as salts of wood acids, have a residual water solubility and an associated diffusibility and penetrate deeply into the wood matrix.

In practice, the application can be made to earth-mounted woods such that a basic impregnation according to the prior art, for. B. by using copper-containing wood preservatives in the so-called. Vacuum boiler printing process, the order of the described preparation, eg. B. symmetrical to the later ground level, and the occlusive isolation by using airtight films or shrink tubing (seamless or closable). It is to be expected that the application of the present system will extend the service life and longevity of hardwoods by a factor of 2-5, thereby significantly improving the cost situation and road safety. The system according to the invention is also of importance because the virulence of copper-resistant and copper-tolerant fungi, especially at old sites of impregnated woods, has increased significantly and the use of compensating co-biocides is considerably limited by the European biocide legislation. With the help of passive, biocide-free systems, the detrimental effects of conventional systems can be compensated for and sustainably eliminated and make a contribution to the preservation of wood and wood components in a variety of applications with a positive impact on silviculture and the protection of the environment, not least because the biocide inserts undergo a significant reduction.

The exchanged and the new device may be identical to the structure, z. For example, these are devices comprising a sheet and an airtight device as described elsewhere. Alternatively, the exchanged and the new device may be different in construction, e.g. For example, the device to be replaced is an apparatus that consumes oxygen and preferably a device that hermetically seals, while the new device comprises a sheet and an airtight device.

The oxygen-consuming preparation of the device to be replaced may be enclosed by an airtight device. The peculiarities of and examples of airtight facilities are described elsewhere.

Another advantage of using an airtight sealing device described herein is that layers of anti-corrosive compounds such as the metals to be used according to the invention, such. As zinc, usually form (passivation) by using an airtight final device can not train. Accordingly, such layers do not oppose the target effect (deoxygenation). In addition, the use of the airtight final device already prevents itself to a large extent, that pest organisms at Erd / Luftbereich or water / air area einnisten.

The oxygen-depleting metal used in the post-treatment process is preferably selected from aluminum, iron, magnesium, zinc, copper, their mixtures or their alloys. Alloys are e.g. Brass or bronze.

Furthermore, the present invention comprises a method for preventing the leakage of copper ions from copper-impregnated woods in continuous ground or air contact, characterized in that a metal-containing preparation or a metal-containing fabric at the ground / air area or water / Air of the woods is mounted, wherein the metal is less noble than copper or a more negative redox potential than copper, and wherein the preparation or the sheet is enclosed by a hermetically aββenden device.

In this process according to the invention, mobile copper ions are reduced to copper in the presence of the metal of more negative redox potential, while the corresponding metal is oxidized and so on is converted into ionic form. Copper metal is immobile and therefore can not be washed out of ground-impregnated woods or at least only to a much reduced extent and released into the environment.

In the method according to the invention, the sheet comprising a metal may in turn be enclosed by an airtight device.

In the method of preventing copper ion leakage from copper-impregnated woods in continuous soil or air contact, the metal-containing preparation is preferably incorporated in the form of a paste or coating or incorporated into a carrier matrix.

A paste is a solid-liquid mixture with a high content of solids, so that they are no longer flowable, but brush-on. Bituminous preparations such as bitumen or pitch are not covered by the term paste. Corresponding studies have shown that are suitable as oxygen-depleting - in particular paste-like preparations - based on metal powders, especially those which are in accordance with the voltage series unsedel, which are pasted in conventional binder systems suitable. Suitable metal compounds in paste form include but are not limited to aluminum, iron, zinc, magnesium, their mixtures or their alloys. As a binder z. As water-dilutable or solvent-soluble polymers are used. The content of powdered metal in the preparation may range from 5-95 parts to 100 parts preparation. Likewise suitable as oxygen acceptors z. As sulfur and iron (II) sulfate in the form of fine powder.

Of these preparations, 50-500 g in the ground / air area or in the water / air area of the ground or water contact or to be brought woods are applied and from an air resp. oxygen-tight film system enclosed.

A coating is carried out on a suitable substrate, which must be flexible, or directly on the wood. The carrier matrix is preferably not suitable to serve as a fastening means.

Incorporated into a support matrix includes all forms of uneven distribution on and / or in a suitable support matrix, which also must be flexible. Exemplary distribution forms include punctiform or thread-like application.

In the inventive method for rot protection and / or to increase the flexural strength and / or stability of woods in permanent soil or water contact, the oxygen-depleting preparation is preferably incorporated in the form of a paste or coating or in a carrier matrix and contains as oxygen acceptor oxidation-capable metal powder, sulfur or oxidizable sulfides such as iron (II) sulfide or an organic antioxidant such as Ascorbic acid or organic salts of sulphurous acid

The oxidisable metal powder may be any metal powder capable of accepting electrons. Examples of metals contained in oxidation-capable metal powders are Aluminum, iron, zinc, magnesium, silver, copper, their mixtures or their alloys.

In other embodiments of the methods of the invention, the airtightly enclosing device is a film. Suitable materials for films are e.g. Plastics such as PE (polyethylene), PP (polypropylene), PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and PA (polyacrylic), but also metals and composites.

Preferred materials for films or generally airtight finishing devices are polyethylene (PE) film or a shrink film or a seamless shrink tube. In the process according to the invention for aftercare, PE film is preferably used, while shrink films or heat shrink tubes, even if a use in the aftercare is in principle possible, preferably in the process for rot protection and / or to increase the flexural strength and / or stability of woods in permanent soil - or water contact can be used. In particular, shrink films or shrink tubes are used together with an oxygen-consuming preparation, preferably a paste.

The thickness of plastic films such as e.g. PE film is usually between 0.2 and 1 mm. The final thickness of shrunk-on films depends on the dimensions of the shrink film and the thickness of the wood, but usually varies between 1 and 4 mm, preferably between 2 and 3 mm. A particularly suitable target thickness for shrink films is between 2 and 2.5 mm.

In certain embodiments of the method according to the invention, the airtight sealing device projects beyond the boundary of the metal-containing sheet addition. The width of the section of the airtight sealing device which projects beyond the boundary of the sheet is variable and usually depends on the local conditions such as, for example, the weather conditions. The protruding portion may be, for example, from 2 to 50 cm wide, but will preferably have a width of about 5 to 20 cm.

In some embodiments of the method according to the invention, the woods additionally have a basic impregnation at the ground / air area or water / air area. This is especially true for those embodiments that include wooden poles, piles or poles intended for use as electricity pylons, in conventional agriculture or for installation in the water. In other embodiments, the woods have no basic impregnation. For example, there is no basic impregnation of woods intended for organic farming or children's playgrounds.

In some embodiments of the methods of the invention, the airtight sealing device is connected at its ends by an additional means to the wood. This increases the tightness and reduces the possibility of moisture or air getting between the wood and the oxygen-consuming preparation or metal-containing fabric. Alternatively, or moreover, the means for fixing or locking the device serves at a certain point on the wood. Examples of suitable agents are, in particular, adhesive tape, preferably those of PE, PP, PVC, CA (cellulose acetate), drawing nails, staples or adhesives, which are suitable for connecting the airtight sealing device to the wood. In case of Adhesive tape is wrapped around the airtight final device at its upper and lower end with the tape. The use of such agents is preferably carried out in conjunction with films which are not shrunk, in particular PE film. In the case of adhesive this is applied only at the ends and contains no oxygen-consuming preparation or metal.

In some embodiments of the method according to the invention, the sheet is in the form of a film, a net, a grid or in the form of threads incorporated in a matrix. Foils, nets or grids usually have a thickness of about 0.05 to 1.5 mm. The threads incorporated into a matrix have a thickness in the same range, which matrix may comprise all materials suitable for incorporation, such as e.g. As plastics, preferably in the form of a film. In special cases, the matrix may correspond to the airtight sealing device.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a wood, for. As wood pole, rod or post with a wrapped by an air-tight surrounding device earth / air area or water / air area, characterized in that (a) between the airtight enclosing device and the wood a the wood at the Erd- / Luftbereich or water / air surrounding a metal-containing sheet, the metal having oxygen-depleting properties and being selected from aluminum, iron, magnesium, zinc, their mixtures or their alloys, or (b) a metal between the airtight sealer and the wood with oxygen-depleting properties, sulfur or an oxidisable sulfide or an organic antioxidant in the form of a paste or coating or incorporated in a carrier matrix.

In some embodiments of the wood of the present invention, the metal incorporated in the form of a paste, coating or carrier matrix comprises aluminum, iron, zinc, magnesium, copper, silver, their mixtures or their alloys.

In other embodiments of the wood according to the invention a metal with oxygen-depleting properties or sulfur or an oxidizable sulfide or an organic antioxidant is incorporated in the form of a paste or coating or in a carrier matrix between the hermetically sealing device and the wood and the wood mast additionally has a basic impregnation in the earth / air area.

Another aspect of the invention relates to an apparatus for wrapping woods or preventing the escape of copper ions from copper-impregnated woods in continuous ground or air contact, comprising a metal-containing surface oxygen-depleting preparation and an airtight seal resting on a surface of the preparation Device has.

A final aspect of the invention relates to the use of a device for preventing the escape of copper ions from copper-impregnated woods in continuous ground or air contact, characterized in that the device comprises a metal-containing surface oxygen-depleting preparation or a metal-containing sheet and a Having on a surface of the preparation or the sheet lying airtight terminal device, wherein the metal is less noble than copper or has a more negative redox potential than copper.

The wood according to the invention is explained in more detail with reference to figures.

Figur 1:

den Aufbau einer Hölzer umgebenden Vorrichtung vor dem Anlegen an ein Holz,

Figur 2:

Holz mit Vorrichtung umfassend einen Schrumpfschlauch als luftdicht abschließende Einrichtung,

Figur 3:

eine Ausführungsform eines Holzes mit um das Holz zu wickelnder luftdicht abschließender Einrichtung,

Figur 4:

eine partielle Schnittdarstellung eines Holzes mit umgebender Vorrichtung und

Figur 5:

als Prüfkörper verwendete Hölzer mit umgebender Vorrichtung.

Showing:

FIG. 1:

the construction of a device surrounding wood prior to application to a wood,

FIG. 2:

Wood with a device comprising a heat-shrinkable tube as airtight finishing device,

FIG. 3:

an embodiment of a wood with airtight closing device to be wound around the wood,

FIG. 4:

a partial sectional view of a wood with surrounding device and

FIG. 5:

wood used as test specimen with surrounding device.

FIG. 1 shows schematically the structure of a device before applying to a wood. A fabric 4a or a surface-applied oxygen-depleting preparation 4b rests on a likewise flat airtight final device 6. A fixation of the sheet 4a to the airtight final device 6 can be done for example by means of Punktverklebung or tape or sewing. A fixation of an oxygen-consuming preparation 4b is usually not necessary due to its consistency (eg a paste). The device shown can be mounted around a wood, for example a wooden mast, so that the fabric 4a or the oxygen-depleting preparation 4b is in contact with the wood. Depending on the thickness of the wood to be surrounded, the length dimension of the fabric 4a or of the application surface of the oxygen-depleting preparation 4b is between 900 and 1650 mm, that of the airtight sealing device 6 between 1050 and 1800 mm. The hermetically sealing device 6 is in any case chosen to be so large that the planar structure 4a or the surface-applied oxygen-depleting preparation 4b is completely covered. Preferably, the airtight sealing device 6 protrudes at the upper and lower ends beyond the fabric 4a or the surface-applied oxygen-depleting preparation 4b, so that an optimal airtight seal can be achieved. The device according to FIG. 1 is wound at the ground level or water balance around the wood, or wound around and then connected together at their ends or secured in an overlapping area. In this case, the outer end of the device preferably overlaps in the circumferential direction of the other end, that is, the length of the device is greater than the circumference of the surrounding wood.

The device may e.g. via a connection means 12 e.g. in the form of a seam, thumbtacks, staples or adhesive tape at the ends, being careful not to create any penetration points for ambient oxygen. In a perforation of the hermetically sealing device 6 is to pay attention to an additional seal.

FIG. 2 shows a representation of a wood 1, around which a device is arranged, in which a sheet 4a rests on an airtight sealing device 6 in the form of a shrink film or a shrink tube. The sheet 4a in the illustration is a metal foil however, it may as well be formed as a grid or net. As already mentioned, the planar structure 4a can also be a surface-applied oxygen-depleting preparation 4b. Another alternative is a combination of a grid structure with a paste. The grid ensures that the paste is fixed locally, whereby both the grid and the paste simultaneously ensure a surface contact of oxygen-depleting material with the covered wood.

The device is arranged around the ground level 2a or water equivalent 2b, so that it covers at least part of, preferably at least the entire earth / air area 8a or water / air area 8b of the wood 1. In this case, the device may be arranged symmetrically to the ground level 2a or water equivalent 2b, but may also be arranged asymmetrically, so that z. B. 60, 70 or 80% of the device above or below the ground level 8a and 8b Wassgleichleiche are. After placement of the device around the wood 1 around a concern of the device on the wood and a resulting airtight completion by shrinkage by means of heat is achieved. The left-hand illustration shows the device before the shrinking process, in the right-hand illustration the wood with the surrounding device can be seen after the shrinking process. Optionally, the airtight final device 6 may be connected by a further means at its upper and / or lower end to the wood. Suitable agents are for. As tape, nails, tacks or tacker or staples.

FIG. 3 shows a representation of a wood 1, around which a device is arranged, in which a sheet 4a or a surface applied oxygen-depleting preparation 4b on an airtight final device 6 in the form of z. B. a film such as a plastic film, in particular a PE film rests. The device is arranged around the ground level 2a or water equivalent 2b, so that it covers at least part of, preferably at least the entire earth / air area 8a or water / air area 8b of the wood 1. In this case, the device may be arranged symmetrically to the ground level 2a or water equivalent 2b, but may also be arranged asymmetrically. After the device has been placed around the wood 1, the device is contacted with the wood and a resulting airtight seal is achieved by a fixed winding and subsequent fixation of one end of the device to the device overlapping therewith or both ends of the device. Suitable types of fixation by a connector 12 include gluing, stapling, suturing, or fixation with nails, staples, or thumbtacks. The left picture shows the device before the wrapping of the wood and the fixation, in the right picture the wood can be seen with the device installed.

FIG. 4 shows a partial sectional view of a wood using the example of a wooden mast. The mast 1 is surrounded at the ground level 8a or water level 8b by a device comprising a fabric 4a or a surface-applied oxygen-depleting preparation 4b, which in turn, together with a part of the mast above and below the fabric or the preparation, is enveloped by an airtight final device 6. The sheet 4a in the figure is formed as a zinc foil, but may also be in the form of z. B. a film, a network or a grid. The Airtight final device 6 in the figure is for example PE film, but may also take any other suitable form, such as a shrink film. This double-layered device covers the earth / air area or the water / air area above or below the ground level 8a or water level 8b.

FIG. 5 shows woods as used as test specimens in the examples below.

For the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 4 the device is arranged on the wood in such a way that a surface, ie in the case of a mast, the peripheral surface, above and below the ground or water equivalent is covered, which either a part of or the entire ground / air area or water. / Air area forms. This z. B. each 50% of the surface of the device below and above the soil or water balance can be arranged. Optionally, the device may also be arranged so that more than 50% of its surface is above or below the soil or water balance. For example, 60, 70 or 80% of the area of the device may be above or below the ground or water balance. In any case, the area of the earth / air area or the water / air area is preferably completely covered by the device.

For further fixation or even better airtight completion of surrounded wood and fabric can be used for the embodiments of the FIGS. 1 to 4 In each case a means 10 may be attached to one or both upper and / or lower ends of the device that the airtight final device additionally connects to the wood and airtight closes. This can be achieved by an additional bandage with eg an adhesive tape.

Examples

Below are eight examples of preparations as used in devices according to the FIGS. 1 to 4 Can be used. The embodiment of the experiments according to the examples is the FIG. 5 refer to.

Application means the amount of surface on the airtight enclosing device in the form of a film applied paste

Film means area enclosed by film (width, see FIG. 5A )

Zone means area of applied paste

M means center or ground level

Example 1: 80 Parts aluminum powder (<0,1mm) 1 Part activator (copper oleate) 9 Parts of epoxy resin, commercially available 10 Parts of butyldiglycol 100 parts Order 250 g
Zone 40cm
Foil 80cm

Example 2:

50 Parts of iron powder (<0.01 mm) 40 Parts alkyd resin, linseed oil type 10 Parts of white spirit Kp (boiling point) 180/220 ° C 100 parts Order 400g
Zone 40cm
Foil 80cm

Example 3:

80 Parts of Iron Sulphide (FeS) powder (<0.1mm) 10 Parts of acrylic resin polymer dispersion 10 Parts of water 100 parts Order 200g
Zone 40 cm
Foil 60 cm

Example 4:

70 Parts of sulfur (precipitated) 20 Parts of castor oil 10 Parts of iron powder (<0.01mm) 100 parts Order 150 g
Zone 30 cm
Foil 60 cm

Example 5:

80 Parts of zinc dust (<0.01mm) 10 Parts of white spirit Kp 180/220 ° C 10 Parts of polyurethane-modified alkyd resin 100 parts Order 250 g
Zone 40 cm
Foil 100 cm

Example 6:

60 Parts of iron powder 20 Parts of aluminum powder 10 Parts of polymer dispersion 10 Parts of water 100 parts Order 400g
Zone 60 cm
Foil 100 cm

Example 7:

70 Parts of powdered Al-Mg alloy 90:10 (<0.01mm) 20 Parts polyurethane 10 Parts of butyl acetate 100 parts Order 300 g
Zone 50 cm
Foil 100 cm

Example 8 blank formulation

• 80 parts of quartz powder
• 20 parts of acrylate dispersion 40%
• 100 parts

Explanation of the examples

Roundwoods of pinewood (Pinus sylvestris) 200 cm long and 20 cm in diameter were used as test specimens.

When examining the earth / air areas of the exposed woods after 5 years, the test specimens according to Examples 1 to 7 were below the film without any decay. The round timbers according to Example 8 showed a moderate to strong attack by wood-destroying fungi, mainly by Poria species.

In one area (zone) in the middle of the round logs, the described pastes were applied evenly in the stated amount (mass) and, after drying for 24 hours, were shrink-wrapped symmetrically with a shrink film (shrink tube) (cf. FIG. 5A ).

Example 8 served as a blank formulation, i. The shrinkage was carried out here without the prior application of a formulation according to the invention.

For each example formulation and the blank formulation, 5 test specimens each were prepared and brought into soil contact over a period of 60 months. For this purpose, the test specimens were installed to the middle (M) in virulent soil.

The experiments have shown that the system according to the invention precludes rot in the ground / air area of masts and comparable timber components.

Example 9: Model calculation for required quantities of metal using the example of a zinc foil Zinc foil: 35 cm x 100 cm x 0.01 cm Volume = 35 cm ³ Density Zn = 7.13 gml ^-1 Mass = 250 g Mast: Earth / air zone: 50 cm Diameter: 30 cm Volume earth / air zone: 35 l $$\mathrm{depot}\mathrm{:}\frac{\mathrm{1000}\mathrm{x}\mathrm{0}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{250}}{\mathrm{35}}\mathrm{=}\mathrm{~}\mathrm{7}\mathrm{kg\; Zn}\mathrm{/}{\mathrm{m}}^{\mathrm{3}}$$

This calculation shows that more than sufficient zinc stock is available for aftercare.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Wood

2a

Ground / air region

2 B

Water / air range

4a

sheet

4b

oxygen-depleting preparation

6

airtight final facility

8a

ground Level

8b

same water

10

Means for additionally connecting airtight closing means and wood

12

Connecting means for connecting both vertical ends of the device

Claims (22)

Method for decay protection and / or for increasing the flexural strength and / or stability of timbers in permanent ground or water contact,
characterized in that (a) an oxygen-depleting preparation enclosed by an airtight device, or (b) a metal-containing sheet containing the wood, the metal having oxygen-depleting properties and being selected from aluminum, iron, magnesium, their mixtures or their alloys,
is attached to the earth / air area or water / air area of the woods. A process for the aftercare of wood in continuous soil or water contact, comprising a. attaching a or b. replacement of an earth / air or water / air area device to protect the wood from rot after a specified time interval by a device comprising a metal-containing sheet surrounding the wood at the earth / air or water / air area; wherein the metal has oxygen-depleting properties. Method according to claim 2,
characterized in that the exchanged and the new device are identical to the structure. Method according to claim 2,
characterized in that the device to be replaced comprises an oxygen-consuming preparation enclosed by an airtight device. Method according to one of claims 2 to 4,
characterized in that the metal having oxygen-depleting properties comprises aluminum, iron, magnesium, zinc, their mixtures or their alloys. A method of preventing the escape of copper ions from copper-impregnated woods in continuous ground or air contact, characterized in that a metal-containing preparation or a metal-containing sheet is applied to the earth / air or water / air region of the woods, wherein the metal is less noble than copper or has a more negative redox potential than copper, and wherein the preparation or the sheet is enclosed by an airtight final device. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that the metal-containing sheet is in turn enclosed by an airtight final device. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that the woods are poles, piles or rods. Method according to claim 6 or 8,
characterized in that the preparation containing a metal is incorporated in the form of a paste or coating or in a carrier matrix. Method according to one of claims 1, 4, 6 and 8,
characterized in that the oxygen-depleting preparation is incorporated in the form of a paste or coating or in a carrier matrix and as oxygen acceptor oxidation-capable metal powder, sulfur or oxidizable sulfides such as iron (II) sulfide or an organic antioxidant. Method according to claim 10,
characterized in that the metal powder comprises aluminum, iron, zinc, magnesium, silver, copper, their mixtures or their alloys. Method according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized in that the airtight final device constitutes a bandage. Method according to one of claims 1 to 12,
characterized in that the airtight enclosing means is a film. Method according to one of claims 1 to 13,
characterized in that the airtight terminal device projects beyond the boundary of the metal-containing sheet. Method according to one of claims 1 to 14,
characterized in that it is the airtight final device is a PE film or a shrink film. Method according to one of claims 2 to 5, 7, 8 and 12 to 15,
characterized in that the woods additionally have a basic impregnation at the ground / air area or water / air area. Method according to one of claims 1 to 15,
characterized in that the airtight final device is connected at its ends by an additional means to the wood. Method according to one of claims 1 to 17,
characterized in that the sheet is in the form of a film, a net, a grid or in the form of threads incorporated in a matrix. Wooden mast, pole or post with an earth / air area or water / air area enclosed by an airtight enclosure,
characterized in that (A) between the airtight enclosing device and the wood, a metal containing the wood at the Erd- / Luftbereich or water / air area is arranged containing metal, the metal has oxygen-depleting properties and is selected from aluminum, iron, magnesium, mixtures thereof or their alloys, or (b) a metal having oxygen-depleting properties, sulfur or an oxidizable sulfide or an organic antioxidant in the form of a paste or coating or incorporated into a carrier matrix is arranged between the airtight device and the wood. Wooden mast, pole or post according to claim 19,
characterized in that the present in the form of a paste, coating or in a carrier matrix present metal comprises aluminum, iron, zinc, magnesium, copper, silver, their mixtures or their alloys. Wood mast, pole or pile according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that between the hermetically sealing device and the wood, a metal having oxygen-depleting properties or sulfur or an oxidizable sulfide or an organic antioxidant in the form of a paste or coating or in a Carrier matrix is incorporated and incorporated that the wooden mast additionally has a basic impregnation in the earth / air area. Use of a device for preventing the escape of copper ions from copper-impregnated woods in continuous ground or air contact, characterized in that the device comprises a metal-containing surface preparation or a metal-containing sheet and one on a surface of the preparation or the sheet having overlying airtight terminal device, wherein the metal is less noble than copper or has a more negative redox potential than copper.

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