EP0935262B1 - Electroaimant - Google Patents

Electroaimant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0935262B1
EP0935262B1 EP99102283A EP99102283A EP0935262B1 EP 0935262 B1 EP0935262 B1 EP 0935262B1 EP 99102283 A EP99102283 A EP 99102283A EP 99102283 A EP99102283 A EP 99102283A EP 0935262 B1 EP0935262 B1 EP 0935262B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
coil
electromagnet according
electromagnet
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99102283A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0935262A2 (fr
EP0935262A3 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Dipl.-Ing. Kleinert
Horst Dipl.-Ing. Wassermann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schultz Wolfgang E Dipl-Ing
Original Assignee
Schultz Wolfgang E Dipl-Ing
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Schultz Wolfgang E Dipl-Ing filed Critical Schultz Wolfgang E Dipl-Ing
Publication of EP0935262A2 publication Critical patent/EP0935262A2/fr
Publication of EP0935262A3 publication Critical patent/EP0935262A3/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnet, consisting of a current-acting coil, which generates such a magnetic field and moves an armature when energized, and the armature for driving a valve or other element is used, wherein the movement of the armature of one or more damping elements is dampened.
  • electromagnets have found wide use in the field of technology. They serve, for example, in textile machines for a quick weft insertion of the threads.
  • electromagnets are also used for controlling gaseous and liquid media (especially in liquid or hydraulic circuits), for example in a valve or as actuator or solenoid in life and time critical applications.
  • German Patent 31 32 396 an electromagnet is described which uses elastic elements as a damping body, which absorbs the kinetic energy of the armature and thus avoids premature wear of the electromagnet.
  • a solenoid valve with a closure piece actuating armature which is slidably housed in a magnetic sleeve through the guide sleeve, wherein the armature or the guide sleeve on one of the facing boundary surfaces at least over an axial portion of a coating identifies a plastic.
  • the application of the coating for example by spraying or brushing done. It is also possible to represent the coating by molding in a tool. Furthermore, the application of the coating of the magnet armature by immersing it in a polymerizable plastic is conceivable.
  • the invention is based on this prior art and has set itself the task of electromagnets such as Described initially to improve so that they have a greater average life and a higher efficiency.
  • the invention is based on an electromagnet as described above and proposes an electromagnet, consisting of a current-acting coil, which generates such a magnetic field and moves an armature when energized, and the armature for driving a valve or other Element is used, wherein the movement of the armature is damped by one or more damping elements, wherein the armature runs on a Kunststoffgleit Structure, before, which is characterized in that the Kunststoffgleit Structure is formed of a sliding film made of plastic.
  • a film the problem of thermal expansion is cleverly solved because the inserted film undergoes a low thermal coupling due to the low mechanical contact with the other device and thus a smaller structural air gaps is necessary.
  • the film storage has proven to be particularly resistant to wear.
  • the thin-walled film saves space without compromising mechanical reliability or stability.
  • Low and relatively precisely definable bearing gaps reduce the loss air gaps in the magnetic transition, which improves the magnetic properties of the magnet and thus also increases the efficiency.
  • the anchor guides the anchor runs on the inner surface of a tube. This tube has been created, for example, by drilling in a solid material. For the most accurate possible anchor guide, it was necessary to perform the hole in the pipe as accurately as possible.
  • This high cost is saved by the proposal according to the invention.
  • the solution according to the invention thus leads to a more cost-effective structure and a simpler installation of the device.
  • a further advantage of the embodiment according to the invention lies in particular in the possibility of compensating for dimensional tolerances in the production of the electromagnets by a corresponding variation of the thickness of the foil. So far, magnets that gave too much dimensional tolerance automatically resulted in a reject because the oversized air gaps limited the performance or efficiency of this device and thus this device was no longer usable for certain applications. Since the movable armature slides on a Kunststoffgleit Chemistry, the thickness of this surface can be adjusted so that optimum conditions prevail. When testing the devices can thus be compensated by an appropriate choice of film thickness dimensional tolerances during manufacture. This preference is repeated even when overhauling the devices.
  • a plastic film is provided, for example, to use in the known anchor guide made of a special plastic bush, slides on the inner surface of the anchor.
  • a plastic coating on the armature facing inner surface of the armature guide is possible.
  • the film can be easily removed, especially if the anchor can be easily removed from the core. In the case that the film is worn, it can be easily replaced and the device can be made operational again.
  • a modular construction of the electromagnet wherein for the armature with the armature guide and the coil each have their own assembly are provided which are detachably connected to each other.
  • the thermal contact can be reduced by a waiver or reduction of a direct connection, whereby the thermal problems, especially at the described high frequencies can be significantly suppressed, resulting in an increase the reliability of the device leads.
  • solid, permanent connections are used.
  • the assemblies to be joined together are welded together, for example, or caulked mechanically. It can also be provided a common Kunststoffverguß or the like to firmly connect the modules together.
  • the armature assembly is connected to a drive element, for example for a valve.
  • the drive element for example for a valve or for another element which is also mechanically formed, is favorably combined with the armature assembly. Due to the interchangeability, the coil assembly can interact with differently dimensioned armature and / or control elements. With a small number of components can thus be covered a wide range of applications of these electromagnets.
  • damping elements For the movement of the armature damping elements are provided, wherein the damping elements are arranged either on the moving armature or on shoulders of the armature guide, substantially stationary. Optimal damping is achieved by relatively large-area and / or large-volume damping elements.
  • damping elements By appropriate selection of the damping elements, in particular with respect to the material of the surfaces and the volume of the damping element, it is possible to adjust the wear characteristics of the device.
  • the selection of the elastic damping element in combination with the film storage or the design of the plastic sliding surface of the armature results in further parameters by which the wear parameters or other requirements can be set specifically.
  • damping element serves as a sealing plate for the closure of a valve opening. Due to the double functionality of the damping element, construction volume is saved in the relatively small devices.
  • the anchor running surface or the sliding foil consists of polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE).
  • PTFE polytetrafluorethylene
  • This material is characterized by a very low adhesion, that is, an adhesion or adhesiveness.
  • Surfaces or liners made from such a material act like a "ball bearing". These surfaces allow a smooth running of the moving part.
  • the film carries little, whereby volume of construction is saved and due to the low specific weight and the weight fraction for storage is very low.
  • Fig. 1 the electromagnet according to the invention is shown schematically.
  • the coil assembly 3 in this case comprises the bobbin 30, which carries the wire windings.
  • the coil 30 is connected to electrical contacts 34 with a corresponding electrical power supply.
  • the winding is wound on a bobbin 33, wherein the bobbin 33 is provided substantially rotationally symmetrical to the coil axis 31.
  • the modular design also continues in the coil assembly.
  • the coil 30, which is surrounded by a plastic sheath 35, in this case is inserted into the bracket 32 substantially at right angles to the coil axis 31.
  • the bracket 32 has in each case an opening for the implementation of the coil assembly 3 on the two legs. The coil 30 is thus easily detached from the bracket 32.
  • the bracket 32 serves e.g. the attachment.
  • the bracket 32 may also be surrounded by a plastic casing.
  • the coil assembly 3 is connected to the armature assembly 1 through the connection 4.
  • a clamping ring 40 is provided.
  • This can also be designed as a screw 41 (Fig. 5).
  • a connection in this case in particular, a releasable connection is provided. This ensures that the armature assembly 1 and the coil assembly 3 can also be easily disassembled, for example, when the device must be repaired or overhauled.
  • the armature assembly 1 consists of several elements. At the anchor assembly 1, the tube tube 10 is provided, which coaxial with the coil axis 31 in the coil assembly 3 can be inserted. The tube tube 10 is thereby introduced through the corresponding holes of the bracket 32 in the previously used in this bracket coil assembly 3.
  • the tube tube 10 has at its upper end the core 12, which provides a magnetic guidance of the magnetic field generated by the coil 30.
  • the core 12 protrudes into the interior of the coil 30th
  • the tube 11 is used to guide the armature 11.
  • the armature 11 does not run directly on the inner wall of the Tubusrohres 10, but as in Fig. 1 example shown on a sliding surface 2 and a sliding film 20. This is shown enlarged in Fig. 3 , The tube tube 10 is thereby pushed onto the core 12 and caulked or welded.
  • a peripheral gap 17 (FIG. 3) is provided in the lateral surface, which has been produced by simply turning off the core 12.
  • the film 20 protrudes. By a certain jamming of the film 20 in the gap this is held on the circumference.
  • the film consists of Polytetraflourethylene and causes a smooth running of the movable anchor body 15 on the inner surface of the Tubusrohres 10.
  • the use of the film is simple in that the film is easy to produce in different thicknesses and can be assembled in appropriate dimensions. By pinching the film in the gap 17, this is also reliably held.
  • the tube 10 was used in the bobbin 30, which has to take over the task of guiding the armature.
  • the proposal according to the invention of a sliding foil arrangement can also be used with electromagnets in which the coil body has a recess in the interior and at the same time serves as a running surface for the armature.
  • the invention may be advantageous since the introduction of the Tubusses in addition to the better magnetic guide is also produced more accurately.
  • the use of the slip film can also be exploited to compensate for production-related inaccuracies in the bore in the coil.
  • the magnetic field generated by the coil 30 moves the movable armature 11 and anchor body 15 usually against the force of a return spring 14 such that the air gap 13 is closed upon application of the coil 30.
  • a device connected thereto for example a valve or another element, can be correspondingly controlled, opened or moved. If the current through the coil 30 is turned off, the magnetic field collapses, whereby the magnetic attraction forces are lower than the spring force of the remindholfelder 14 and the return spring 14 pushes anchor back away from the core 12 such that an air gap 13 is made.
  • the movement of the armature 11 and the anchor body 15 is limited in particular by damping elements 6.
  • the anchor body 15 has a flange 18 in its lower part. This flange 18 cooperates with a damping element 6, which adjoins above the flange 18.
  • the damping element 6 in this case surrounds the armature 11 in an annular manner.
  • the damping element 6 is preferably fixed in this case, ie does not move with the armature 11, in order thereby not to unnecessarily increase the moved mass. But it is also possible to design the damping element 6 movable with the armature 11 and the anchor body 15. This is particularly advantageous if an additional function, for example a sealing function, is to be triggered by the movement of the damping element 6.
  • an additional function for example a sealing function
  • the ring plate 19 in this case connects the tube tube 10, to which this is integrally formed with the valve body 7.
  • screws 73 are provided.
  • the valve body 7 in this case has in its upper, directed against the tube tube end 10 in the inner region a recess which is formed so that the damping element 6 can be accommodated. This recess 74 is limited by the ring plate 19th
  • a damping element 6 is embedded in the armature on the lower end face of the armature 11, which acts as a sealing plate 60.
  • Fig. 1 in this case the closed position of a solenoid valve is shown, wherein the sealing plate 60 finally cooperating with the sealing surface 75 at the outlet opening 71 of the valve body 7.
  • the inlet port 70 is separated from the outlet port 71 and interrupted.
  • seals 72 are provided to tightly connect and connect the solenoid valve to the medium circuit (for example, liquid circuit) which is switched and controlled.
  • FIG. 2 another embodiment of the electromagnet according to the invention is shown.
  • a hydraulic or pneumatic assembly is connected by the valve body, in Fig. 2 it is provided that the anchor rod 16 which is connected to the armature 11 and the anchor body 15, a corresponding movement to a not further shown element transfers.
  • Such an electromagnet can e.g. used in textile machines.
  • the structure is substantially identical to the structure of FIG. 1.
  • the damping elements 6 are each not designed to be moving with the anchor body 15, but are formed substantially fixed.
  • the flange 18 of the anchor body 15 in this case runs against the upper and lower damping element 6.
  • a recess 91 is provided, in which the flange 18 moves up and down.
  • the guide 90 is in this case provided in an anchor rod guide 8 and is located at the lower end of the electromagnet.
  • the damping element moves with the anchor body 15.
  • the movement of the armature 11 is in this case absorbed by the damping elements 6, wherein other elements of the electromagnet, in particular elements which are connected to the coil group 3, serve as an abutment and compensate for a part of the kinetic energy.
  • the upper damping element 6 serves as attachment of the film 20, such that, after the film 20 is inserted into the tube, the film is pulled in the recess 91 radially outward and is clamped by the axially slid damping element 6.
  • the damping element 6 and the sealing plate 60 are formed of suitable, elastic plastic. By choice of these materials and the choice of the quality of the sliding film 20 and the strength of the sliding film 20, it is possible to adjust the wear parameters of the electromagnet or the ease of use or the life according to the intended use.
  • the return spring 14 is arranged in the region of the air gap 13. It can also be provided that the bearing of the return spring 14 is equipped with further damping elements.
  • FIG. 4 a further variant of the invention is shown.
  • the anchor rod 16 is guided here in the core 12.
  • the armature 11 When the armature 11 is tightened, the anchor rod 16 is displaced to the right, the air gap 13 being closed.
  • the anchor rod 16 when the current is applied, the anchor rod 16 comes out here, in FIG. 2, the armature rod 16 is pulled into the electromagnet.
  • the tube tube 10 is equipped as part of the anchor assembly 1 with an inside sliding 2.
  • the anchor body 15 has a plurality of slide rings 25.
  • the slide rings in this case consist of a bronze alloy, which are welded or applied to the anchor body 15.
  • the tube tube 10 is interrupted in the region of the air gap 13 by an annular tube element 26, which may consist of a different material. Due to the variation of magnetizable, ferromagnetic or non-magnetic materials in this area, the switching characteristic of the magnet can be influenced accordingly.
  • the annular tube member 26 is incorporated in the manufacture of the tube in this, for example, soldered or welded and afterwards turned off.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further example of the magnet according to the invention.
  • an electromagnet is presented, which is constructed in the same way as the examples of FIGS. 1, 2 and 4.
  • This is a valve magnet, which in turn is closed or opened by a sealing plate 60, which also serves as a damping element 6, a valve opening.
  • This magnet is also modular, that is, the armature assembly 1 is easily detachably arranged by the coil assembly 3. This is done e.g. by the connecting means 4, 41, which are hereby equipped as nuts with internal or external thread.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Aimant électrique, consistant en une bobine produisant un champ magnétique lorsqu'elle est traversée par un courant électrique, déplagant ainsi un noyau aimanté (11) lequel sert à piloter une vanne ou tout autre élément à l'aide d'un mouvement amorti par un ou plusieurs éléments d'amortissement coulissant sur une surface coulissante (2) en plastique, caractérisé en ce que la surface coulissante en plastique est formée par un film coulissant (20) en matière plastique.
  2. Aimant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par un montage modulaire en deux ensembles de construction indépendants (1, 3), le noyau aimanté (11) avec son guidage et la bobine (30), ces deux ensembles étant reliés entre eux de façon amovible.
  3. Aimant électrique selon une ou deux des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de construction du noyau (1) consiste essentiellement en un tube (10) à l'intérieur duquel est guidé le noyau (11) de façon mobile.
  4. Aimant électrique selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de construction du noyau (1) comportant le tube (10) peut être introduit dans l'ensemble de construction de la bobine (3) par un mouvement coaxial par rapport à l'axe de rotation (31) de la bobine (30) sur lequel il peut être immobilisé par une fixation de type serrage ou vissage (4, 40, 41).
  5. Aimant électrique selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de construction du noyau (1) est relié à un élément de pilotage (7) permettant, par exemple, de commander une vanne.
  6. Aimant électrique selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des éléments d'amortissement (6) sont prévus au niveau du noyau (11) et/ou au niveau d'un ou plusieurs rebords (91, 74) du guidage du noyau afin de pouvoir amortir le mouvement du noyau (11).
  7. Aimant électrique selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'amortissement (6), situé sur le noyau (11), sert de plaque étanche (60) formant ainsi l'élément de fermeture d'une vanne (70, 71).
  8. Aimant électrique selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le noyau (11) possède des anneaux coulissants (25), interagissant avec le guidage du noyau.
  9. Aimant électrique selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la surface coulissante du noyau (2) ou le film coulissant (20) est constitué(e) de polytetrafluoréthylène (PTFE).
  10. Aimant électrique selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la surface coulissante (2) en plastique est située au niveau de la surface du tube et/ou de la bobine ou du perçage dans la bobine.
  11. Aimant électrique selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément amortissant (6) peut être immobile ou mobile par rapport au noyau (11).
EP99102283A 1998-02-09 1999-02-05 Electroaimant Expired - Lifetime EP0935262B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19805049A DE19805049A1 (de) 1998-02-09 1998-02-09 Elektromagnet
DE19805049 1998-02-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0935262A2 EP0935262A2 (fr) 1999-08-11
EP0935262A3 EP0935262A3 (fr) 2000-07-12
EP0935262B1 true EP0935262B1 (fr) 2006-11-15

Family

ID=7857051

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99102283A Expired - Lifetime EP0935262B1 (fr) 1998-02-09 1999-02-05 Electroaimant

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6225886B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0935262B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11273946A (fr)
DE (2) DE19805049A1 (fr)

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DE102008004531B3 (de) * 2008-01-15 2009-09-17 Thomas Magnete Gmbh Elektromagnetischer Antrieb
DE102014007082A1 (de) 2014-05-14 2015-12-03 Thomas Magnete Gmbh Verfahren zum Zusammenbau eines Elektromagneten und Vorrichtung zum Zusammenbau
DE102014109507A1 (de) * 2014-07-08 2016-01-14 SVM Schultz Verwaltungs- GmbH Co. KG Elektromagnetventil
DE102019203949B3 (de) * 2019-03-22 2020-09-03 Magna powertrain gmbh & co kg Elektromagnet

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DE102016120153A1 (de) * 2016-10-21 2018-04-26 Svm Schultz Verwaltungs-Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektromagnet
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008004531B3 (de) * 2008-01-15 2009-09-17 Thomas Magnete Gmbh Elektromagnetischer Antrieb
DE102014007082A1 (de) 2014-05-14 2015-12-03 Thomas Magnete Gmbh Verfahren zum Zusammenbau eines Elektromagneten und Vorrichtung zum Zusammenbau
DE102014007082B4 (de) 2014-05-14 2021-11-11 Thomas Magnete Gmbh Verfahren zum Zusammenbau eines Elektromagneten und Vorrichtung zum Zusammenbau
DE102014109507A1 (de) * 2014-07-08 2016-01-14 SVM Schultz Verwaltungs- GmbH Co. KG Elektromagnetventil
DE102019203949B3 (de) * 2019-03-22 2020-09-03 Magna powertrain gmbh & co kg Elektromagnet

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DE59913976D1 (de) 2006-12-28
EP0935262A2 (fr) 1999-08-11
US6225886B1 (en) 2001-05-01
EP0935262A3 (fr) 2000-07-12
DE19805049A1 (de) 1999-08-12
JPH11273946A (ja) 1999-10-08

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