EP0925835B1 - Broyeur multi-couteaux pour l'industrie alimentaire - Google Patents
Broyeur multi-couteaux pour l'industrie alimentaire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0925835B1 EP0925835B1 EP19980450021 EP98450021A EP0925835B1 EP 0925835 B1 EP0925835 B1 EP 0925835B1 EP 19980450021 EP19980450021 EP 19980450021 EP 98450021 A EP98450021 A EP 98450021A EP 0925835 B1 EP0925835 B1 EP 0925835B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- knife
- edge
- counter
- grille
- mincer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/30—Mincing machines with perforated discs and feeding worms
- B02C18/36—Knives or perforated discs
- B02C18/365—Perforated discs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/30—Mincing machines with perforated discs and feeding worms
- B02C18/36—Knives or perforated discs
- B02C18/362—Knives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multi-knife mill for the food industry.
- Grinders used in the food industry are generally placed in production lines for reconstituted products. They allow in particular to grind different products which will be introduced later in agri-food preparations.
- They generally consist of a feed hopper, a sheath in which turns a coaxial worm.
- the downstream end of the sheath is obstructed by a grid, the diameter of the through holes of which determines the fine grinding, and the end of the worm is equipped with a knife which allows you to cut the product before it passes through the grid.
- This knife made in one piece usually includes several radially arranged branches which are machined to form blades sharp.
- one solution consists in having a pair of knives for each grinder. So as soon as the knife in place does cut more, it is replaced by the second. But this solution, even if it limits downtime, does not slow down the wear of knives which will have to be changed inevitably. This rapid wear of knives that have a relatively high cost price, greatly increases maintenance costs grinders.
- the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a grinder which includes a counter-grid whose shapes facilitate the action of grinding, and knives, removably or permanently arranged on a knife holder, the geometric shapes and arrangements of which allow to slow down their wear.
- This shredder reduces maintenance costs and increase the throughput of crushed products, in particular by improving the resistance of the thread over time.
- the present invention relates to a multi-knife mill, especially used in the food industry, provided with means material supply, comprising in the direction of flow of material, a counter-grid provided with at least one orifice, a knife holder provided at least one knife, and a grid, characterized in that the knife includes at least one edge of wavy shape.
- each knife comprises two cutting edges, one first adjacent to the grid and a second adjacent to the counter grid, which have a wavy shape whose radius at a considered point of the edge is proportional to the distance separating the point considered from the axis of rotation of the knife.
- the knife comprises a cutting face which has a rectilinear shape in the transverse direction.
- the knife comprises a face of cup provided with fragmentation means produced by a double shape curved in the transverse direction, the first being attached to the first edge and the second to the second edge.
- the assembly constituted by the counter-grid and the knife holder includes means for shifting the cutting attack of each knife.
- each knife has an alternating toothing profile from one knife to another.
- the knives are removably attached to the knife.
- the peripheral surface of the orifices of the against grid comprises at least one substantially projecting edge perpendicular to the surface of the counter grid.
- FIG. 1 there is shown a cross section of a grinder 10 which comprises in a known manner a feed hopper 12, a sheath 14, and a worm 16 driven by a motor 18 at its first end and provided with a shaft 20 at its second end.
- the downstream end of the sleeve 14 is obstructed by a grid 22 which includes through holes 24, the diameter determines the fineness of grinding, and a bore 26 coaxial with the axis 27 scabbard.
- a counter-grid 28 which includes a bore 32 coaxial and of diameter slightly greater than the shaft 20, takes support against a shoulder 34 of the bore of said sleeve 14. It is immobilized in rotation, like the grid 22, by stop means 36 in rotation, for example a notch 37 on its periphery (visible in Figure 2) in which is housed a lug secured to the sheath 14.
- the knife holder 30 is rotated by the worm 16 thanks to drive means 38, and includes guide means, produced by a bearing 40 which is housed in the bore 26 of the grid, and by a bore 42 coaxial and of diameter slightly greater than the shaft 20 of the screw unending.
- These training means 38 are made thanks to the forms conjugates of the end of the worm 16 which comprises two flats, and of the bore 42 of the knife holder 30 visible in FIG. 2.
- a nut 43, screwed to the end of the sleeve 14, makes it possible to immobilize in translation from upstream to downstream, the counter-grid 28, the knife holder 30 and grid 22.
- the counter-grid 28, cylindrical in shape includes an even number of orifices, arranged symmetrically on its surface, for example six holes referenced by 44 to 49, uniformly distributed, the scalloped edges of which protrude pre-cut products.
- the peripheral edge of the orifices 44 to 49 includes edges 50 in protruding over the entire thickness, substantially parallel to the axis 27 of the sheath, which facilitate pre-cutting.
- the counter-grid 28 is made of hardened steel, and undergoes surface treatment, for example nitriding, in order to give it high mechanical characteristics.
- It includes five branches 51, 53, 55, 57, 59 which are arranged radially, on which knives 52, 54 are removably attached, 56, 58, 60.
- the knife holder 30 and the knives 52, 54, 56, 58, 60 can be made in one piece, said knives having the same features as removable knives.
- These knives 52, 54, 56, 58, 60 have profiles 66 of suitable teeth different types of products, which allow better grinding with a high flow and slow wear.
- the whole constituted by the counter-grid 28 and the knife holder 30, comprises means 67 for shifting the cutting edge of the knives, and the profile 66 is shifted from one branch to another.
- the offset means 67 can be made by taking a number of branches of the knife holder 30 different from the number of orifices of the counter-grid 28, and / or having an angular distance formed between two consecutive knives and / or two consecutive orifices of the different counter grid.
- profiles 66 which have a substantially wavy shape which reduces cutting forces, varies depending in particular on the hardness of the product to be ground.
- Each knife of substantially parallelepiped shape, comprises a bearing face 68 pressed against the branch, a cutting face 70, a first cutting edge 72 adjacent to the grid 22 and a second edge cutting edge 74 adjacent to the counter-grid 28. These edges are associated respectively to a first face 76 of main draft oriented towards the grid 22, with a second face 78 of main draft oriented towards the grid 28 and a side 80 of secondary draft facing outwards, common to both edges.
- Each cutting edge has an undulating shape whose radius of curvature at a point considered is proportional to the distance separating said point from the axis 27 of rotation of the knife holder (shown in phantom).
- the radius of curvature R 2 is less than R 1 , R 2 being closer to the axis 27 of rotation than R 1 .
- the first and second edges have the same shape corrugated.
- the plane Pr is the plane parallel to the support face 68 passing through A
- the plane Ps is the plane perpendicular to Pr passing through point A
- the plane Pf is the plane perpendicular to Pr and Ps in this case.
- the cutting angle ⁇ 1 is the angle separating the reference plane Pr and the cutting face 70
- the cutting angle ⁇ 1 is the angle separating the cutting face 70 and the first face 76 of main draft
- the main draft angle ⁇ 1 is the angle separating the first face 76 of main draft and the edge plane Ps
- the angle of inclination of edge ⁇ 1 is the angle separating the mean direction of the edge 72 and the plane Pr
- the secondary draft angle ⁇ ' 1 is the angle separating the face 80 of secondary draft and a plane parallel to the working plane Pf.
- the angles are defined in the same way, the index 1 of the angles being replaced by the index 2, with ⁇ 2 equal to ⁇ 1 , and ⁇ ' 2 equal to ⁇ ' 1 .
- the cutting face 70 is generated by the assembly straight lines located in a plane Pf, which connect the first edge 72 and the second edge 74.
- the main draft angle ⁇ 1 is between 1 ° ° and 8 ° and is preferably 3 °
- the cutting angle ⁇ 1 is between 0 ° and 35 °
- l 'edge tilt angle ⁇ 1 is approximately 2 °
- the secondary draft angle ⁇ ' 1 is approximately 5 °.
- angles ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 2 and ⁇ ' 2 have values which are substantially identical to ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 1 and ⁇ ' 1 .
- FIG. 4A Another knife profile, used for soft materials, is shown in Figures 4A and 4B.
- the cutting face 70 is not generated by straight lines as before. It is generated by a first set of curves 84 which pass through a point A located on the first edge 72 and by a point C describing a curve, similar and parallel to the first edge 72, located approximately in the middle of the cutting face 70 , and by a second set of curves 86 which pass through a point B located on the second edge 74 and through point C. Curves 84 and 86 are characterized by their radius of curvature and by the distance e separating point C from the right (AB).
- This curved shape of the cutting face 70 constitutes means 88 of fragmentation, and allows in the case of soft materials to fragment to reduce friction and therefore wear.
- the distance e is inversely proportional to the hardness of the ground material, its value increasing for soft materials.
- the other characteristic angles of this knife profile have values identical to the characteristic angles of the knife profile illustrated by Figures 3A and 3B.
- these knives are made of hardened steel, and undergo a surface treatment, for example nitriding, in order to give them high mechanical properties.
- the mill of the invention is obviously not limited to the modes of realization represented and described above but covers all variants in particular with regard to the number and the shapes of the orifices 44 of the counter-grid 26, the number of branches and the shapes of the knife holder 28, as well as the shapes of the knives, the counter-grid 26 and the knife holder 28 can be adapted to all grinder sizes.
Description
- Figure 1 est une coupe transversale d'un broyeur,
- Figure 2 est une vue en élévation du porte-couteaux et de la contre-grille,
- Figure 3A est une vue en perspective d'un premier exemple de profil de couteau,
- Figure 3B est une section transversale du couteau illustré par la figure 3A,
- Figure 4A est une vue en perspective d'un second exemple de profil de couteau, et
- Figure 4B est une section transversale du couteau illustré par la figure 4A.
Claims (10)
- Broyeur multi-couteaux, notamment utilisé dans l'industrie alimentaire, muni de moyens (12, 16, 18) d'alimentation en matière, comprenant dans le sens de l'écoulement de la matière, une contre-grille (28) munie d'au moins un orifice (44), un porte-couteaux (30) muni d'au moins un couteau (52), et une grille (22), caractérisé en ce que le couteau (52) comprend au moins une arête de forme ondulée.
- Broyeur multi-couteaux selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque couteau (52, 54, 56, 58, 60) comprend deux arêtes tranchantes, une première (72) adjacente à la grille (22) et une seconde (74) adjacente à la contre-grille (28), qui ont une forme ondulée dont le rayon en un point considéré de l'arête est proportionnel à la distance séparant le point considéré de l'axe (27) de rotation du porte-couteaux (30).
- Broyeur multi-couteaux selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque couteau (52, 54, 56, 58, 60) comprend une face (70) de coupe qui a une forme rectiligne dans le sens transversal.
- Broyeur multi-couteaux selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque couteau (52, 54, 56, 58, 60) comprend une face (70) de coupe munie de moyens (88) de fragmentation réalisés par une double forme incurvée dans le sens transversal, la première (84) étant rattachée à la première arête (72) et la seconde (86) à la seconde arête (74).
- Broyeur multi-couteaux selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble constitué par la contre-grille (28) et le porte-couteau (30) comprend des moyens (67) de décalage de l'attaque de coupe de chaque couteau (52).
- Broyeur multi-couteaux selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (67) de décalage de l'attaque de coupe sont constitués par un choix du nombre de couteaux (52), différent du nombre d'orifices (44) de la contre-grille (28).
- Broyeur multi-couteaux selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (67) de décalage sont constitués d'un écart angulaire ménagé entre deux couteaux consécutifs et/ou deux orifices consécutifs de la contre-grille (28) différent.
- Broyeur multi-couteaux selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque couteau (52, 54, 56, 58, 60) a un profil (66) de denture qui est alterné d'un couteau à l'autre.
- Broyeur multi-couteaux selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les couteaux (52, 54, 56, 58, 60) sont fixés de façon amovible sur le porte-couteaux (30).
- Broyeur multi-couteaux selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le bord périphérique des orifices (44) de la contre-grille (28) a une forme festonnée, et comprend au moins une arête (50) en saillie, sur toute l'épaisseur.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9716642 | 1997-12-23 | ||
FR9716642A FR2772643B1 (fr) | 1997-12-23 | 1997-12-23 | Broyeur multi-couteaux pour l'industrie alimentaire |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0925835A1 EP0925835A1 (fr) | 1999-06-30 |
EP0925835B1 true EP0925835B1 (fr) | 2003-04-23 |
Family
ID=9515247
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19980450021 Expired - Lifetime EP0925835B1 (fr) | 1997-12-23 | 1998-12-23 | Broyeur multi-couteaux pour l'industrie alimentaire |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0925835B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69813745T2 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK0925835T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2198038T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2772643B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202009017439U1 (de) * | 2009-12-23 | 2010-03-18 | Haack, Eberhard, Dr.-Ing. | Vorschneider- und Lochscheibensystem für Zerkleinerungsmaschinen, insbesondere Fleischwölfe o.dgl. |
CN103447133A (zh) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-12-18 | 浙江中科兴环能设备有限公司 | 破碎机破碎刀 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE582310C (de) * | 1933-08-12 | Otto Straeten | Fleischwolf | |
US1906609A (en) * | 1928-09-04 | 1933-05-02 | Eugen Esslen | Meat chopper |
GB406734A (en) * | 1932-09-02 | 1934-03-02 | William Henry Vickers | Improvements in or relating to rotary cutting devices, such as those of mincing machines |
US2183114A (en) * | 1938-10-29 | 1939-12-12 | Bonapace Pietro | Meat chopper |
NL6713453A (fr) * | 1966-10-29 | 1968-05-01 | ||
DE2451389A1 (de) * | 1974-10-29 | 1976-05-06 | Muntana Eudaldo Molist | Fleischwolf |
-
1997
- 1997-12-23 FR FR9716642A patent/FR2772643B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-12-23 DE DE69813745T patent/DE69813745T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-23 EP EP19980450021 patent/EP0925835B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-23 DK DK98450021T patent/DK0925835T3/da active
- 1998-12-23 ES ES98450021T patent/ES2198038T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69813745D1 (de) | 2003-05-28 |
DE69813745T2 (de) | 2004-03-18 |
ES2198038T3 (es) | 2004-01-16 |
FR2772643A1 (fr) | 1999-06-25 |
EP0925835A1 (fr) | 1999-06-30 |
FR2772643B1 (fr) | 2000-02-25 |
DK0925835T3 (da) | 2003-08-11 |
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