EP0921349B1 - Brûleur à pulverisation de combustible et procédé de combustion mettant en oeuvre un tel brûleur - Google Patents

Brûleur à pulverisation de combustible et procédé de combustion mettant en oeuvre un tel brûleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0921349B1
EP0921349B1 EP98403022A EP98403022A EP0921349B1 EP 0921349 B1 EP0921349 B1 EP 0921349B1 EP 98403022 A EP98403022 A EP 98403022A EP 98403022 A EP98403022 A EP 98403022A EP 0921349 B1 EP0921349 B1 EP 0921349B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid fuel
burner according
nozzle
burner
supply pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98403022A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0921349A1 (fr
Inventor
Guy Tackels
Patrick Rouchy
Joseph Vernaz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=26233973&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0921349(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from FR9715403A external-priority patent/FR2772117B3/fr
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Publication of EP0921349A1 publication Critical patent/EP0921349A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0921349B1 publication Critical patent/EP0921349B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/106—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting at the burner outlet
    • F23D11/107—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting at the burner outlet at least one of both being subjected to a swirling motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/02—Structural details of mounting
    • F23C5/06—Provision for adjustment of burner position during operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2214/00—Cooling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion method and device in which the fuel supply is provided by at least one burner equipped with at least one injector.
  • the invention will be more particularly described for use for the glass melting in glass furnaces, especially furnaces for manufacturing flat float glass or furnaces for making hollow glass packaging, for example ovens operating in the reverse type using regenerators (energy recuperators) but it is not for as much limited to such applications.
  • NO x has a harmful influence on both humans and the environment.
  • NO 2 is an irritant gas at the source of respiratory diseases.
  • they can gradually form so-called acid rain.
  • NO x cause photochemical pollution since, in combination with volatile organic compounds and solar radiation, NO x are at the origin of the formation of so-called tropospheric ozone, the increase in concentration of which at low altitude becomes harmful for human being. especially in hot weather.
  • a first technique consists in using a reducing agent on the gases emitted so that the NO x are converted into nitrogen.
  • This reducing agent can be ammonia but we know the disadvantages caused such as the difficulty of storing and handling such a product. It is also possible to use natural gas as a reducing agent, but this is to the detriment of the consumption of the oven and increases the CO 2 emissions.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a new combustion method and device, in which the fuel is a liquid fuel, which make it possible to lengthen the flame and / or to decrease the temperature peaks inside it in order to reduce the formation of NO x .
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a combustion process and a related device, suitable for all glass furnace configurations which allow optimal heat transfer, in particular by providing a flame of adequate length and sufficient volume important to promote maximum bath coverage of batch materials in fusion.
  • GB 1188761 teaches a burner equipped with an injector, comprising a duct of liquid fuel supply, having an internal wall and a supply supply duct spraying fluid disposed concentrically with respect to said supply duct of liquid fuel, said liquid fuel supply conduit comprising a nozzle to eject the liquid fuel, said spray fluid supply duct is ending with a block pierced with an orifice ejecting the spray fluid, the nozzle being inserted in said block, said liquid fuel supply duct comprising means for putting the liquid fuel in the form of a hollow jet substantially matching said internal wall, immediately before ejecting it from its supply duct, the terminal part of the nozzle not being aligned in the plane defined by the face of the block.
  • the spraying fluid is in contact with said face of the block on which opens the opening. This burner produces a very fine spray.
  • the subject of the invention is a burner equipped with at least one injector, comprising a liquid fuel supply duct, of the fuel oil type, having at least one internal wall and a fluid supply duct spraying arranged concentrically with respect to said fuel supply duct liquid, said liquid fuel supply conduit comprising a nozzle for eject the liquid fuel, said spray fluid supply duct is ending with a block pierced with an orifice ejecting the spray fluid, at the at least part of the nozzle fitting into said block, said supply conduit of liquid fuel comprising at least one means for putting the liquid fuel in the form of a hollow jet mating substantially with said internal wall, immediately before ejecting it from its supply duct.
  • the terminal part of the nozzle is aligned in the plane defined by the face of the block without contact with the fluid of spraying and on which the orifice opens.
  • the invention also relates to a combustion method, in particular used for glass melting, in which the fuel supply is provided by at least the burner according to the invention.
  • the fuel supply is provided by at least the burner according to the invention.
  • the invention immediately before ejecting the liquid fuel from its supply duct, we put it in the form of a hollow jet marrying substantially said inner wall.
  • the solution according to the invention perfectly meets the problem posed.
  • it makes possible an increased mechanical spraying of the liquid fuel by the spraying fluid at its outlet from the duct, which makes it possible to obtain a very large heterogeneity of the droplets of this same fuel, and therefore to prevent their burning from taking place with too great a speed, a source of formation of NO x .
  • the liquid fuel with a supply driving pressure of at least 1.2 MPa.
  • the liquid fuel is ejected at a temperature between 100 and 150 ° C, more preferably between 120 and 135 ° C.
  • Such a range of temperatures makes it possible to bring any type of liquid fuel used in current installations, in particular glass furnaces, to the viscosity required immediately before it is ejected from its supply duct.
  • This viscosity can advantageously be at least equal to 5.10 -6 m 2 / s, in particular between 10 -5 and 2.10 -5 m 2 / s.
  • the fuel is ejected liquid according to a cone with an opening angle of at least 10 °, in particular included between 10 ° and 20 °.
  • Such values allow, regardless of the geometry of the duct of liquid fuel supply and its dimensioning, not only to systematically have an interference between the spray fluid jet and droplets of liquid fuel, interference required in connection with the invention, but also a dispersion of the size of these same droplets optimal such that the resulting flame is uniform in temperature over all its length.
  • the spraying fluid it is ejected, very advantageously at a flow rate of at most 40 Nm 3 / h.
  • the value of the spray fluid flow rate is correlated to that of the pressure of this same fluid, pressure which should be limited to maximum.
  • the invention also relates to a burner equipped with at least one injector, in particular capable of implementing the method described above, comprising a liquid fuel supply duct, of the fuel oil type, having at least one internal wall and a spray fluid supply duct arranged concentrically with respect to the fuel supply pipe liquid. It is remarkable in that the liquid fuel supply duct has at least one means for putting the liquid fuel into the form of a hollow jet mating substantially with the internal wall, immediately before to eject it.
  • the liquid fuel supply duct includes at least one cylindrical tube.
  • the aforementioned means comprises advantageously a nozzle fixed, preferably by screwing, to the end of the tube cylindrical.
  • a nozzle geometry particularly suitable for the burner according to the invention is such that it includes a gyration chamber at its downstream end frustoconical in shape extended by a nozzle whose internal wall is cylindrical.
  • downstream and upstream must be understood by reference to the direction of supply of the liquid fuel.
  • the downstream end of the nozzle designates the end which is the farthest from the liquid fuel supply source and therefore closest to the place where the fuel is ejected from its supply line.
  • the angle at the top of the gyration chamber is at least minus 30 °, preferably equal to 60 °, which minimizes the loss of charge of flowing liquid fuel.
  • the aforementioned means comprises at least one element substantially sealing off the fuel supply duct liquid and pierced with channels, in particular cylindrical, oblique to the liquid fuel supply direction.
  • the channels can advantageously be uniformly distributed over! A circumference of the element.
  • This element is shaped allowing its insertion into the supply duct liquid fuel and can for example be a cylinder, preferably two faces substantially parallel to each other. These faces are also oriented preferably in a direction perpendicular to the direction of supply of the liquid fuel.
  • each of the channels is chosen so that their generator makes an angle ⁇ of at least 10 °, in particular between 15 and 30 °, preferably equal to 20 °, with the direction liquid fuel supply.
  • This particular orientation allows to obtain a synergy between all "divided" jets of liquid fuel as they exit the corresponding channels of so that when they strike the downstream part of the supply duct, in especially the gyration chamber of the aforementioned nozzle, they do not interfere between them and contribute to the creation, downstream, of a single hollow jet hugging the wall internal.
  • the element can be mounted, in upstream of the nozzle, in a sealed manner in the fuel supply duct liquid, preferably against the gyration chamber.
  • the spray fluid supply duct preferably comprises at least one cylindrical tube at the end of which is fixed, preferably by screwing, a block pierced with an orifice into which is inserted at at least part of the nozzle according to the invention.
  • the orifice of the block and the external wall of the part of the nozzle which fits into it are arranged concentrically.
  • This provision preferred can also be obtained by the aforementioned screwing capable of ensuring the self-centering of the elements described above, namely the orifice of the block by compared to the part of the nozzle that fits into it.
  • This concentricity is advantageous insofar as in its absence there is has a risk of forming very large droplets of liquid fuel, fuel oil type, on the periphery of the hollow jet, which can cause combustion poor with in particular an increase in the threshold for the appearance of CO.
  • the terminal part of the nozzle is aligned and preferably perfectly aligned in the plane defined by the face of the block without contact with the spraying fluid and on which the orifice opens.
  • an incorrect alignment implies a modification of the aerodynamics of liquid fuel and spraying at the exit of their respective supply duct.
  • the injector according to the invention which has just been described is mounted in a sealed manner in a block of refractory material using a sealing device comprising a plate provided with fins cooling.
  • a sealing device comprising a plate provided with fins cooling.
  • the burner according to the invention comprises furthermore an adjustable support on which the injector described above is fixed and a ventilation nozzle oriented towards the downstream end of the injector, plus particularly towards the aforementioned plate.
  • the support is preferably adjustable in inclination, azimuth and translation in particular to come to rest on the plate of the device sealing.
  • the ventilation nozzle as for her. blows air, which avoids excessive local overheating at the downstream end of the injector.
  • the invention finally relates to a burner equipped with at least one injector comprising a liquid fuel supply duct, of the fuel oil type, having at least one internal wall and a spray fluid supply duct arranged concentrically with respect to the fuel supply pipe liquid remarkable in that the liquid fuel supply duct has at least one diffuser.
  • the invention applies to all types of oven configurations, in particular glassware, such as loop ovens, with transverse burners. inversion ... It is used more particularly to reduce the emission of NO x .
  • Figure 1 shows a partial sectional view of an injector 1 conforming to the invention.
  • This injector 1 is made up of two fluid supplies, namely respectively the liquid fuel 2 and the fluid supply duct spray 3.
  • the liquid fuel used in the context of the invention is a liquid fossil fuel commonly used in combustion devices to heat the batch materials in a glass furnace. He can for example be heavy fuel oil.
  • the spray fluid is, similarly, that which is found usual in current installations and which is used to spray the the aforementioned liquid fuel. This can for example be air (called in this primary air as opposed to secondary air which serves as the main oxidizer). It can also be gas, oxygen (in the case of oxycombustion) or steam.
  • Liquid fuel and spray fluid supply lines aforementioned are respectively connected, upstream of the flow of each of the two fluids, to a circuit from a liquid fuel source and a source of spray fluid not shown.
  • the liquid fuel supply duct 2 essentially consists a cylindrical tube 21 at the end of which is screwed a nozzle 22.
  • This comprises at its downstream end a gyration chamber 23 of frustoconical shape extended by an end piece 24 of cylindrical inner wall 25.
  • the angle at the top ⁇ of the gyration chamber 23 is equal to 60 °, chosen value for the reasons explained below.
  • a cylinder 4 mounted tightly in abutment against the turning chamber 23.
  • the cylinder 4 has channels 41 uniformly distributed over its circumference and has two faces 42, 43 parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to the liquid fuel supply direction symbolized by the arrow f in FIG. 1, direction otherwise identical to that of the spray.
  • Channels 41 are cylindrical, their generatrix making an angle ⁇ of 20 ° with the direction mentioned above.
  • the spray fluid supply duct 3 for its part, consists essentially a cylindrical tube 31 at the end of which is screwed a block 32 of which the inner shoulder 33 abuts against the downstream end of the tube 31.
  • the block 32 is pierced with an orifice 34 of shape allowing the nesting part of the nozzle 22.
  • the block 32 also has a protruding part on the side of the orifice 34 35 which allows by screwing the block 32 on the cylindrical tube 31 to ensure a perfect self-centering of the external wall 26 of the end piece 24 inside the orifice 34.
  • the dimension d of the part of the block 32 in contact with the cylindrical tube 31 must be calculated with precision, so that the alignment of the part end 36 of the nozzle in the plane ( ⁇ ) is perfectly realized.
  • This plan ⁇ is that defined by the external face 37 of the block, that is to say that without contact with the spray fluid and onto which the orifice 34 opens.
  • Such an arrangement contributes to preserving the aerodynamics of the two fluids at the exit of their respective supply duct.
  • Figure 2 shows a sectional view vertical of a wall of a glass furnace comprising a burner 5 equipped with the injector according to figure 1.
  • the burner 5 comprises a support 6 adjustable in inclination, azimuth and translation.
  • the burner 5 also includes a ventilation nozzle 10 oriented towards the aforementioned plate.
  • the liquid fuel, brought via the tube cylindrical 21, is divided into as many individual jets as there are channels tangentials 41.
  • the individual jets then arrive in the gyration chamber 23 from strike its walls, with a minimum of pressure losses due to the very value of the angle at the top ⁇ equal to 60 °.
  • This centrifugation at the gyration chamber contributes downstream. that the fuel follows a helical trajectory by getting under the shape of a hollow jet almost perfectly matching the internal wall 25 of the nozzle 24.
  • the liquid fuel has thus acquired energy maximum mechanical and, under the influence of the spray fluid, it bursts genuinely in very fine droplets whose size dispersion is optimal.
  • Such a dispersion makes the flame from the burner and once activated by the main oxidizer very uniform in temperature over its entire length.
  • the dimensioning of cylinder 4 must be carried out in such a way that the filling is never carried out and that is obtained in accordance with the invention, always a hollow jet substantially matching this wall internal.
  • the different parameters that are the number, the inclination ⁇ and the sizing of channels 41. must be determined according to the flow of the desired injector 1.
  • This desired flow rate is itself determined from the type of oven on which we want to install the injector, its operating parameters such as the pulled. as well as the nature of the liquid fuel used.
  • the injector which has just been described is of simple and inexpensive design. It is. in addition, fully and easily removable and adaptable on already existing installations.
  • the oven previously described emits much less NO x , without fear of a reducing combustion which may be harmful to the tint of the glass.
  • the combustion method and the burner according to the invention are particularly suitable for the production of high quality glass in particular optical, such as flat glass produced by floating.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to fuels of the heavy fuel type and it makes it possible to circulate very large flows (500 to 600 kg / h) of this type of fuel on a single injector according to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
EP98403022A 1997-12-05 1998-12-03 Brûleur à pulverisation de combustible et procédé de combustion mettant en oeuvre un tel brûleur Expired - Lifetime EP0921349B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9715403A FR2772117B3 (fr) 1997-12-05 1997-12-05 Procede de combustion et bruleur a pulverisation de combustible mettant en oeuvre un tel procede
FR9715403 1997-12-05
FR9801593 1998-02-11
FR9801593A FR2772118B1 (fr) 1997-12-05 1998-02-11 Procede de combustion et bruleur a pulverisation de combustible mettant en oeuvre un tel procede

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0921349A1 EP0921349A1 (fr) 1999-06-09
EP0921349B1 true EP0921349B1 (fr) 2004-02-18

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ID=26233973

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98403022A Expired - Lifetime EP0921349B1 (fr) 1997-12-05 1998-12-03 Brûleur à pulverisation de combustible et procédé de combustion mettant en oeuvre un tel brûleur

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US6244524B1 (es)
EP (1) EP0921349B1 (es)
JP (1) JP4260948B2 (es)
AT (1) ATE259959T1 (es)
DE (1) DE69821730T2 (es)
ES (1) ES2216257T3 (es)
FR (1) FR2772118B1 (es)
PT (1) PT921349E (es)

Cited By (1)

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CN101680654B (zh) * 2007-03-26 2012-09-05 圣戈班昂巴拉热公司 液体燃料空心射流喷射器

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US8985094B2 (en) 2011-04-08 2015-03-24 David Deng Heating system
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101680654B (zh) * 2007-03-26 2012-09-05 圣戈班昂巴拉热公司 液体燃料空心射流喷射器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69821730D1 (de) 2004-03-25
FR2772118A1 (fr) 1999-06-11
US6244524B1 (en) 2001-06-12
JPH11237008A (ja) 1999-08-31
EP0921349A1 (fr) 1999-06-09
FR2772118B1 (fr) 2001-08-17
US20010007737A1 (en) 2001-07-12
US6551095B2 (en) 2003-04-22
PT921349E (pt) 2004-07-30
DE69821730T2 (de) 2007-06-28
JP4260948B2 (ja) 2009-04-30
ATE259959T1 (de) 2004-03-15
ES2216257T3 (es) 2004-10-16

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