EP0903184B1 - Injektor und dessen Verwendung zum Besprühen von Katalysatorbetten - Google Patents
Injektor und dessen Verwendung zum Besprühen von Katalysatorbetten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0903184B1 EP0903184B1 EP98117750A EP98117750A EP0903184B1 EP 0903184 B1 EP0903184 B1 EP 0903184B1 EP 98117750 A EP98117750 A EP 98117750A EP 98117750 A EP98117750 A EP 98117750A EP 0903184 B1 EP0903184 B1 EP 0903184B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- injector
- individual
- tube
- injectors
- base body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
- B05B7/1481—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material
- B05B7/1486—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material for spraying particulate material in dry state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
- B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
- B05B7/066—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet with an inner liquid outlet surrounded by at least one annular gas outlet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
- B05B7/0892—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point the outlet orifices for jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid being disposed on a circle
Definitions
- the invention relates to injectors and in particular to two-substance injectors.
- the invention relates to the use such injectors for spraying catalyst beds.
- DE-OS 195 26 404 describes a device for dividing a first one Medium described using a second medium. It will a very low ratio of the exit areas of the respective openings for the second medium to those of the openings for the exit of the first medium described.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide an injector, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and those mentioned above Requirements fulfilled.
- this injector is intended for use with the promotion of a silver catalyst with a large catalyst surface is available.
- the injector is said to existing lock systems can be integrated into formaldehyde reactors.
- the injector contains a Double jacket tube and a base body for single injectors.
- the double jacket tube has an inner tube, suitable for guiding a mixture Carrier gas and solid particles or liquid droplets, and an exterior Pipe suitable for carrying a propellant gas.
- the basic body is with the tightly connected to both pipes of the double jacket pipe.
- the basic body has connection openings that connect the interior of the inner tube and one connection point for an inner guide element a single injector, as well as connecting channels, the one Connection between the area between the inner tube and the outer tube of the double jacket tube and one connection point for each the inner guide element surrounding the outer guide element of a single injector form.
- the basic body and individual injectors are designed in this way and arranged that a mixture supplied through the inner tube Carrier gas and solid particles or liquid droplets and one through the Area fed between the inner tube and the outer tube Propellant gas to swirl propellant gas, carrier gas and solid particles or liquid droplets and for a radial even spread of the mixture formed.
- the nozzles and the injector are simple constructed, reliable in use and constructed so that the Injector can be adapted to existing flow conditions.
- the Injector can in particular in an existing lock system of a formaldehyde reactor to get integrated.
- a connecting element In one embodiment of the invention is between the base body and Double-walled pipe, a connecting element, the connecting element ring-shaped holes for transport and equal distribution of the propellant gas, which are dimensioned so that the Pressure loss when flowing through is many times lower than with Inflow into the pressure chamber of the single injector.
- An annular distributor space can advantageously be present in the base body be the one with the area between the inner tube and the outer tube of the double jacket tube is connected. From this lead Connection channels to a connection point for an outer guide element a single injector.
- Preferably three to eight individual injectors are in a regular Polygon arranged connected to the base body.
- injectors according to the invention in which the individual injectors are designed as two-component ring nozzle injectors.
- the outer guide element of the individual injectors is designed and arranged so that the propellant gas in contact with the mixture of carrier gas and solid particles or liquid droplets a tangential flow component related to the axis of the concerned Has single injector.
- the injector according to the invention can be designed so that the central Spray direction of the individual injectors only one radial and one axial component related to the axis of the double jacket tube.
- the central spray direction of the individual injectors a tangential component related to the axis of the double jacket tube.
- the invention further relates to the use of an inventive Injector for supplying a suspension to a catalyst bed, in particular one with a large surface.
- this catalyst bed linear minimum dimensions of 0.5-3 m, preferably essentially have a circular shape.
- the one according to the invention is particularly suitable Injector for supplying promoter material, in particular Phosphor promoter material, on a catalyst bed, in particular a silver catalyst bed, as it is used in particular in a formaldehyde reactor place.
- small amounts of solids in particular 0.1-10 g / m 2 , preferably 0.1-5 g / m 2 , can be uniformly distributed over large areas.
- the injector according to the invention has a double jacket tube 1, 2 consisting of an inner tube 1 and an outer tube 2 consists.
- the double jacket tube is via an intermediate piece 3, which is preferably three to twelve, in the illustrated case eight connecting holes 4, which run in the axial direction with respect to the double jacket tube, connected to a base body 5.
- a annular distribution space 51 is provided, from which connecting channels, in the form of bores 52, to propellant gas annular spaces 10 of individual injectors 8,9,10,11 lead.
- connection openings lead through an inner section of the base body, in the form of bores 70, radially outwards and axially downwards.
- the Bores 70 connect the inside of the inner tube with spray nozzles 11 of the individual injectors 8,9,10,11.
- the spray nozzles (inner guide elements) 11 are surrounded by outer guide cylinders 8.9. These cylinders (outer guide elements) can for example be screwed into the base body 5 his.
- the individual injectors can be designed so that with respect to the central spray direction or the axis of the Single injectors generated a tangential component of the propellant gas flow becomes. This can preferably be done by the design of the outer guide cylinder 8.9, e.g. of their walls.
- the individual injectors themselves can moreover be arranged so that it is a tangential exit component related to the axis of the double jacket tube.
- an aerosol stream preferably finely divided solid material, in a carrier gas through the inner tube 1 and the holes 70 fed to the spray nozzles 11 of the individual injectors.
- the Propellant gas flow over the ring area between the inner tube 1 and the outer tube 2 through the holes 4, the manifold 51, the holes 52 and the feed chambers 10 of the individual injectors are fed so that there is a strong swirling and mixing inside the individual injectors of the aerosol flow and the propellant gas flow.
- Typical operating conditions for the propellant gas flow which preferably consists of Air there are pressures of 0.5 to 5 bar, while the aerosol, i.e. the Particles or droplets in an inert gas or compressed air, preferably with a pressure of 0.2 to 3.0 bar to the nozzle head or injector head becomes.
- This operation of the injector is very smooth Distribution of solid material, in particular phosphorus doping material, reached over, for example, a catalyst bed. Merging the Aerosols and the propellant gas lead to optimal atomization and Distribution.
- Example 1 (comparative example ):
- a three-layer silver catalyst bed was placed in a production reactor applied with a total layer thickness of 2 cm.
- the bottom layer consisted of silver crystals with a grain size of 1 to 2.5 mm, the middle one Silver crystals with a grain size of 0.75 to 1 mm, the upper layer made of silver crystals grain size 0.2 to 0.75 mm.
- a gas mixture consisting of methane, water and air was passed through an initial fixed bed of silver catalyst which had been heated to 340 ° C.
- the amount was increased during the 2-hour activation period to 4.5 tons of methanol, 3.1 tons of water and 7.8 tons of air per hour (final load).
- the temperature in the fixed bed was 680 ° C. This flow rate was kept constant over the entire duration of the experiment.
- 180 mg of phosphorus per m 2 of the cross-sectional area of the activated silver catalyst fixed bed in the form of powdered Na 4 P 2 O 7 were sprayed on using a conventional injector, the supply of the gas mixture being continued.
- the reactor was operated continuously, and after several hours of waiting more amounts of phosphorus were applied to the phosphorus-doped silver catalyst fixed bed.
- the catalyst bed was deactivated partial, which inter alia in the increasing methanol content in the end product and low process yield.
- the deactivation of the catalyst was visual via camera monitoring visible through a dark spot on the catalyst surface.
- Example 1 was repeated, but the phosphorus feed was stopped with a Injector performed according to the present invention.
- the reactor was continued to operate, and after several hours of waiting additional amounts of phosphorus on the phosphorus-doped silver catalyst fixed bed applied. In total, phosphorus became 112 times within 49 days post-sprayed without the catalyst bed being deactivated.
- Example 1 was repeated, but 180 mg of phosphorus per m 2 of the activated silver catalyst fixed bed in the form of a 2.0% strength by weight aqueous solution of Na 4 P 2 O 7 were sprayed onto the surface thereof using the injector according to the invention, with the supply the gas mixture was continued.
- Example 1 was repeated, but 270 mg of phosphorus per m 2 of the cross-sectional area of the activated silver catalyst fixed bed in the form of a 0.3% strength by weight aqueous solution of Na 4 P 2 O 7 were sprayed onto its surface using a conventional injector, wherein the supply of the gas mixture was continued.
Landscapes
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Description
- der Injektor erfordert wenig Platz am Einbauort,
- der Injektor kann hohen Temperaturen standhalten,
- der Injektor bewirkt eine gleichmäßige, flächendeckende Aufteilung von kleinen Mengen von Feststoffen auf große Flächen,
- der Injektor ist einfach aufgebaut,
- der Injektor ist störungssicher im Betrieb auch mit Feststoffaerosolen.
- Fig. 1
- einen Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Injektor und
- Fig. 2
- eine Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Injektor
Umsatz | 97,3 % |
Selektivität | 92,6 % |
Ausbeute | 90,1 % |
Restmethanol im Produkt | 3,2 % (bezogen auf 100% Formaldehyd) |
Umsatz | 93,0 % |
Selektivität | 90,6 % |
Ausbeute | 84,2 % |
Restmethanol im Produkt | 8,9 % (bezogen auf 100% Formaldehyd) |
Umsatz | 97,3 % |
Selektivität | 92,7 % |
Ausbeute | 90,2 % |
Restmethanol im Produkt | 3,2 % (bezogen auf 100% Formaldehyd) |
Umsatz | 97,2 % |
Selektivität | 92,9 % |
Ausbeute | 90,3 % |
Restmethanol im Produkt | 3,3 % (bezogen auf 100% Formaldehyd) |
Umsatz | 96,7 % |
Selektivität | 93,2 % |
Ausbeute | 90,1 % |
Restmethanol im Produkt | 3,9 % |
Umsatz | 97,0 % |
Selektivität | 92,4 % |
Ausbeute | 89,5 % |
Restmethanol im Produkt | 3,6 % (bezogen auf 100% Formaldehyd) |
Umsatz | 71,2 % |
Selektivität | 93,3 % |
Ausbeute | 66,5 % |
Restmethanol im Produkt | 46,2 % (bezogen auf 100% Formaldehyd) |
Claims (10)
- Zur gleichmäßigen Verteilung von Feststoffen bzw. Flüssigkeiten auf große Flächen geeigneter Injektor, aufweisend mindestens zwei Einzelinjektoren, welchera) ein Doppelmantelrohr (1,2) mit einem zur Führung eines Gemisches aus Trägergas und Feststoffteilchen oder Flüssigkeitströpfchen geeigneten inneren Rohr (1), und einem äußeren Rohr (2), wobei der Bereich zwischen dem inneren Rohr (1) und dem äußeren Rohr (2), zur Führung eines Treibgases, geeignet ist undb) einen mit den beiden Rohren (1,2) des Doppelmantelrohrs dicht verbundenen Grundkörper (5,7) aufweist,aa) Verbindungsöffnungen (70), die eine Verbindung zwischen dem Inneren des inneren Rohrs (1) und jeweils einer Anschlußstelle für ein Innenführungselement (11) eines Einzelinjektors (8,9,10,11) bilden, undbb) Verbindungskanäle (52), die eine Verbindung zwischen dem Bereich zwischen dem inneren Rohr (1) und dem äußeren Rohr (2) des Doppelmantelrohrs und jeweils einer Anschlußstelle für ein das Innenführungselement (11) umgebendes Außenführungselement (8,9) eines Einzelinjektors (8,9,10,11) bilden,
- Injektor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen Grundkörper (5,7) und Doppelmantelrohr (1,2) ein Anschlußelement (3) vorhanden ist, wobei das Anschlußelement ringförmig angeordnete Bohrungen (4) für den Transport und die Gleichverteilung des Treibgases aufweist, die so dimensioniert sind, daß der Druckverlust beim Durchströmen um ein Vielfaches geringer ist als beim Einströmen in den Druckraum des Einzelinjektors (8,9,10,11).
- Injektor nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Grundkörper (5,7) ein ringförmiger Verteilerraum (51) vorhanden ist, der mit dem Bereich zwischen dem inneren Rohr (1) und dem äußeren Rohr (2) des Doppelmantelrohrs verbunden ist und von dem die Verbindungskanäle (52) zu jeweils einer Anschlußstelle für ein Außenführungselement (8,9) eines Einzelinjektors (8,9,10,11) führen.
- Injektor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß drei bis acht Einzelinjektoren (8,9,10,11) in einem regelmäßigen Polygon angeordnet mit dem Grundkörper (5,7) verbunden sind.
- Injektor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einzelinjektoren (8,9,10,11) als Zweistoff-Ringdüseninjektoren ausgebildet sind.
- Injektor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Außenführungselement (8,9) der Einzelinjektoren so ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, daß das Treibgas beim Kontakt mit dem Gemisch aus Trägergas und Feststoffteilchen oder Flüssigkeitströpfchen eine tangentiale Strömungskomponente bezogen auf die Achse des betreffenden Einzelinjektors (8, 9, 10, 11) aufweist.
- Injektor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einzelinjektoren (8,9,10,11) in Gruppen auf mehreren, insbesondere zwei Injektorebenen an dem Grundkörper (5,7) angeschlossen sind.
- Injektor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zentrale Sprührichtung der Einzelinjektoren (8, 9, 10, 11) eine tangentiale Komponente bezogen auf die Achse des Doppelmantelrohres (1, 2) hat.
- Verwendung des Injektors nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zur Zufuhr einer Suspension auf ein Katalysatorbett.
- Verwendung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Injektor zur Zuführung von Promotormaterial, insbesondere Phosphorpromotormaterial, auf ein Katalysatorbett, insbesondere ein Silberkatalysatorbett, in einem Formaldehydreaktor eingesetzt wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19741752 | 1997-09-22 | ||
DE19741752A DE19741752A1 (de) | 1997-09-22 | 1997-09-22 | Injektor und dessen Verwendung zum Besprühen von Katalysatorbetten |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0903184A2 EP0903184A2 (de) | 1999-03-24 |
EP0903184A3 EP0903184A3 (de) | 2000-11-15 |
EP0903184B1 true EP0903184B1 (de) | 2003-08-13 |
Family
ID=7843210
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98117750A Expired - Lifetime EP0903184B1 (de) | 1997-09-22 | 1998-09-18 | Injektor und dessen Verwendung zum Besprühen von Katalysatorbetten |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6276615B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0903184B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH11156249A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1096892C (de) |
DE (2) | DE19741752A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2205350T3 (de) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1304149C (zh) * | 2002-10-16 | 2007-03-14 | 天津理工学院 | 复合材料喷射成形中心掺混式喷嘴 |
US7347685B2 (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2008-03-25 | General Regulator, Inc. | Torch manifold with integrated nozzles |
DE102004041272B4 (de) * | 2004-08-23 | 2017-07-13 | General Electric Technology Gmbh | Hybridbrennerlanze |
US7588199B2 (en) * | 2004-08-25 | 2009-09-15 | Spraying Systems Co. | Build-up resistant air atomizing spray nozzle assembly |
US7547002B2 (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2009-06-16 | Delavan Inc | Integrated fuel injection and mixing systems for fuel reformers and methods of using the same |
US7766251B2 (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2010-08-03 | Delavan Inc | Fuel injection and mixing systems and methods of using the same |
US8074895B2 (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2011-12-13 | Delavan Inc | Fuel injection and mixing systems having piezoelectric elements and methods of using the same |
CN106622413A (zh) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-10 | 华东理工大学 | 基于3d打印的多喷嘴模块及其大批量生产颗粒的装置和技术 |
USD849226S1 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2019-05-21 | Hamworthy Combustion Engineering Limited | Atomizer |
CN107088485B (zh) * | 2017-06-06 | 2019-03-08 | 西安航天动力研究所 | 用于在空间环境中生成低速烟幕的撞击反射式喷射器 |
US20230302470A1 (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2023-09-28 | None | Electrostatic spray drying nozzle assembly |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1460927A (fr) * | 1965-10-05 | 1966-12-10 | Comm Materiel Et D Outil S Soc | Perfectionnements aux pistolets à peinture |
US4518120A (en) * | 1982-08-18 | 1985-05-21 | Shell Oil Company | Non-fouling oil atomization tip |
SE449449B (sv) * | 1984-11-26 | 1987-05-04 | Bejaco Ab | Forfarande for inblandning av finfordelad vetska i ett gasflode samt anordning for utovande av forfarandet |
DE3762288D1 (de) * | 1987-02-13 | 1990-05-17 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Zerstaeuberduese. |
FR2641365B1 (fr) * | 1988-12-30 | 1991-12-13 | Pillard Chauffage | Procedes et dispositifs pour pulveriser finement un combustible liquide et bruleurs equipes de ces dispositifs |
US5271562A (en) * | 1993-03-01 | 1993-12-21 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Dual fluid atomizer exit orifice shield gas supply housing |
DE19526404A1 (de) | 1995-07-19 | 1997-01-23 | Basf Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zerteilung eines Mediums |
FR2741424B1 (fr) * | 1995-11-17 | 1998-01-02 | Schlumberger Services Petrol | Bruleur a faible pollution, pour essais de puits petroliers |
-
1997
- 1997-09-22 DE DE19741752A patent/DE19741752A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-09-18 DE DE59809268T patent/DE59809268D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-18 ES ES98117750T patent/ES2205350T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-18 EP EP98117750A patent/EP0903184B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-21 US US09/157,617 patent/US6276615B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-09-22 JP JP10268078A patent/JPH11156249A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-09-22 CN CN98119545A patent/CN1096892C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1096892C (zh) | 2002-12-25 |
CN1214964A (zh) | 1999-04-28 |
DE59809268D1 (de) | 2003-09-18 |
EP0903184A3 (de) | 2000-11-15 |
DE19741752A1 (de) | 1999-03-25 |
US6276615B1 (en) | 2001-08-21 |
EP0903184A2 (de) | 1999-03-24 |
JPH11156249A (ja) | 1999-06-15 |
ES2205350T3 (es) | 2004-05-01 |
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