EP0900467A1 - Procede et dispositif pour produire de l'energie electrique pour assurer le fonctionnement de petits appareils electriques - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour produire de l'energie electrique pour assurer le fonctionnement de petits appareils electriques

Info

Publication number
EP0900467A1
EP0900467A1 EP97923986A EP97923986A EP0900467A1 EP 0900467 A1 EP0900467 A1 EP 0900467A1 EP 97923986 A EP97923986 A EP 97923986A EP 97923986 A EP97923986 A EP 97923986A EP 0900467 A1 EP0900467 A1 EP 0900467A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
function
energy
electrical
spring
manual actuation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97923986A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marco Dr. Brandestini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0900467A1 publication Critical patent/EP0900467A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00579—Power supply for the keyless data carrier
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00785—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
    • H01H2239/076—Key stroke generating power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/03—Application domotique, e.g. for house automation, bus connected switches, sensors, loads or intelligent wiring
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/14—Protecting elements, switches, relays or circuit breakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for generating electrical energy for operating small electrical devices such as remote controls, pocket calculators, door openers, etc., according to the preambles of claims 1 and 7, respectively.
  • the energy supply of small electrical devices independent of the network is provided by primary batteries or accumulators. From an ecological point of view, however, more and more attempts are being made to switch to alternative energy sources. Solar cells are therefore often used to supply clocks and computers with energy, but these are buffered by a secondary battery in the form of a rechargeable battery or so-called super capacitor.
  • WO 94/02776 describes a hand-operated signal generator which is used on the one hand as a lamp and, moreover, can also emit an acoustic signal which is generated by means of a piezo transducer.
  • a flywheel generator is used, which is put into operation by powerful pumping with the whole hand.
  • a disadvantage of this prior art is that batteries or rechargeable batteries are still required for the energy supply, or the known devices, which are operated without batteries or rechargeable batteries, cannot be used with very small electrical devices such as remote controls, pocket calculators, etc. which are only operated by finger pressure.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method and a device for generating electrical energy for the operation of small electrical devices in which the need for a battery, rechargeable battery or supercapacitor is largely or completely eliminated.
  • the force required for operation of the electrical small APPARATE electric power is generated at least partially from the supply for manual Actuate the ⁇ ginasausloseelements of the energy used.
  • some or all of the function keys for example channel selection keys, can be such that the required energy for the transmission pulse is generated simultaneously by pressing one of these function keys. It is therefore important that no extra lever, pump or crank actuation is required to generate energy in the method according to the invention, but that the function activation element itself, for example a channel selection button, is used to generate energy.
  • the function triggering element for example a push button
  • mechanical deformation of the small electrical device occurs elsewhere, for example on the floor, and this mechanical deformation is used to generate the electrical energy.
  • a switch acting as an infrared transmitter can be attached to the wall or to pieces of furniture without additional cabling or the use of batteries in order to be able to switch a ceiling lamp on and off remotely, for example.
  • the method according to the invention thus offers the particular advantage that batteries for the power supply of small electrical devices can either be largely or completely eliminated, as a result of which the environmental impact of batteries is reduced. Furthermore, in contrast to the power supply with solar cells, the method according to the invention is independent of daylight. It is also of particular advantage that the energy required to operate the small electrical device is immediately available when the function trigger button is pressed, and a so-called "cold start" is possible without first charging a capacitor. With the method according to the invention, a cost-effective alternative or supplement to battery-operated systems can also be realized. In this case, no change is generally required on the receiver side, so that simple retrofitting options are available.
  • an energy store the stored one, is loaded by the manual actuation of the function triggering element Energy is used to operate the small electrical device.
  • an energy store can be an oscillating spring, for example in the form of an oscillating armature, or a miniature flywheel which is caused to oscillate by actuating the function-releasing element.
  • the maximum possible amplitude for the transmission of the transmission signal is constant per transmission pulse. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, therefore, an electrical energy with an output power which is at least substantially constant within a predetermined period of time is generated by means of the energy delivered by the energy store.
  • the electrical energy required to operate the electrical clamping device is obtained from the energy applied with a single manual actuation of the function activation element. This means, for example, that a single actuation by means of a finger is sufficient to generate the electrical energy required to perform the switching function. On the other hand, printing with the whole hand or "pumping", ie repeated printing of a function key, is not necessary.
  • manual actuation of the function-releasing element causes a permanent magnet to vibrate and is guided past an iron core wrapped in a coil.
  • the voltage source consists of a mechanical / electrical converter (generator) supplied with kinetic energy by manual actuation of the function release element.
  • the generator has at least one permanent magnet which interacts with a stator (armature) and a coil and which can be set in vibration or in a rotational movement.
  • the permanent magnet is expediently arranged on an oscillating spring attached to the stator, which can be set into vibration by means of a deflectable release spring.
  • FIG. 1a a perspective view of the generator according to the invention
  • Figure lb an alternative embodiment of the magnetic structure of Figure la
  • FIG. 1 c shows a side view of the magnetic structure of FIG. 1 b, shown in detail, with an additional release spring
  • FIG. 2 a perspective, partially cutaway view of an infrared remote control for, for example, television or radio devices, with a built-in device according to the invention
  • Figure 3 is a perspective, partially cutaway view of a key with built-in device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4a a graphic representation of the current flowing in the generator with an ohmic load, which occurs when a function triggering element is actuated and a control pulse sequence is emitted,
  • FIG. 4b the voltage occurring at a storage capacitor
  • Figure 4c the width modulated transmit pulses
  • FIG. 5 a circuit diagram of control electronics used in connection with the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 From Figure la em used to generate electrical energy generator 10 can be seen, which essentially comprises a U-shaped stator 11, an elongated coil wound around a stator leg with connecting lines 16 and a spring 13, on the top and bottom of each em permanent magnet 14 or 15 is attached.
  • the two connecting lines 16 are connected to control electronics 32.
  • the oscillating spring 13 is fastened at one end to the transverse connecting leg of the stator 11 and extends centrally between the longitudinal legs over the entire length of the stator 11. In its front free end region, the oscillating spring 13 is at a small lateral distance between the free ends or Claws lla of the stator 11 passed.
  • the two permanent magnets 14, 15 have a length which corresponds to the width of the oscillating spring 13 and are arranged on the oscillating spring 13 in such a way that they can also be guided past the mutually facing end faces of the claws 11a of the stator 11 with a small lateral distance.
  • the permanent magnet 14 located above has a north pole facing the unwound side of the stator 11, while the lower permanent magnet 15 is reversed.
  • the oscillating spring 13 is set in motion by a single deflection, then a decaying mechanical oscillation arises, the upper permanent magnet 14 and the lower permanent magnet 15 alternately stepping between the two claws 11a of the stator 11. This movement of the permanent magnets 14, 15 induces an also decaying electrical oscillation in the coil 12.
  • FIG. 1b shows a section of an alternative embodiment of a generator 10 'according to the invention, which in turn has a U-shaped stator 11 and a coil (not shown).
  • a single permanent magnet 20 is provided here, which is polarized along the longitudinal axis of the oscillating spring 13.
  • two pole shoes 21, 22 designed as double wedges are firmly connected. These pole shoes 21, 22 guide the flow in such a way that the same geometry is achieved with the single permanent magnet 20 as with the arrangement of FIG.
  • the combination permanent magnet 20 / Pole shoes 21, 22 are in turn rigidly connected to the oscillating spring 13.
  • the vibration spring 13 If the vibration spring 13 is set in vibration by a single actuation of a function release element (not shown), the vibration spring 13 together with the permanent magnet 20 and the pole pieces 21, 22 in turn carries out a decaying mechanical vibration, which in the coil 12 has a corresponding electrical Generates vibration.
  • the generator 10 'shown in FIG. 1b offers the advantage that the combination of permanent magnet 20 and pole shoes 21, 22 together with a yoke 23 can be used as an adhesive device, as shown in FIG. 1c.
  • the release spring 24 If the release spring 24 is pressed upwards from its drawn rest position, the permanent magnet 20 and the pole shoes 21, 22 will follow due to the holding force of the permanent magnet 20 and thereby deflect the oscillating spring elastically until the breakaway force is reached.
  • the yoke 23 is fastened in a tiltable manner on the release spring 24, so that it fits snugly against the pole shoes 21, 22 until it breaks loose.
  • the floating spring 13 is briefly free in order to put itself into said decaying vibration. This oscillation subsides after approx. 200 msec.
  • the release spring 24 can either be connected directly to a push button or indirectly via a mechanism be operated. In both cases, it restores the mechanical starting position after the oscillation has taken place.
  • FIG. 2 shows excerpts of a small electrical device in the form of a remote control, as used, for example, in television or hi-fi devices.
  • This remote control has a housing 30 and a keyboard 31 arranged on the top of the housing 30, which, designed as a printed circuit board, is a carrier for the control electronics 32 and an infrared transmitter diode 33.
  • some electronic components within the part shown in dashed lines are only shown as examples for the control electronics 32, but in reality they are not visible and are located within the housing 30.
  • On the underside of the keyboard 31 there are function-releasing elements in the form of keys 34, which can be operated manually by finger pressure.
  • the keyboard 31 is mounted so that it can move vertically within a circumferential groove 38 which is located on the inside of the side cheeks of the housing 30.
  • buttons 34 If one of the buttons 34 is printed, an electrical contact 35 connects a horizontal conductor track 36 to a vertical conductor track 37. As a result, as soon as the control electronics 32 are supplied, the printed button 34 can be identified in a known manner. Furthermore, the entire keyboard 31 is printed downward in the guide groove 38 by the finger pressure on the key 34. This vertical movement of the keyboard 31 is transmitted via two plate-like, horizontal rockers 41, 42 to the release spring 24 of the generator 10 'arranged inside the housing 30. These rockers 41, 42 extend laterally outwards into the region of the side cheeks of the housing. ses 30 and lie in a further inner area on support rails 39 which extend at a certain distance parallel to the side cheeks from the bottom of the housing 30 upwards.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further use of the device according to the invention on the basis of a key, for example a car key, which can control a receiver device (not shown), for example an automatic locking system or an electronic immobilizer for a car, via an infrared transmission device.
  • a key for example a car key
  • a receiver device for example an automatic locking system or an electronic immobilizer for a car
  • the generator 10 ', the control electronics 32 and the transmitter diode 33 are installed in a key handle 51.
  • the main plane of the U-shaped stator 11 ver runs essentially vertically.
  • the trigger spring 24 is actuated directly by a single button 52, whereby the oscillating spring 13 and thus the permanent magnet 20 begin to oscillate in the horizontal direction.
  • the control electronics 32 start up and send a coded infrared pulse sequence.
  • FIG. 4a shows the voltage induced in the coil 12 with an ohmic load when the oscillating spring 13 or the permanent magnets 14, 15, 20 execute the abating oscillation mentioned.
  • the voltage signal corresponds to an exponentially decaying oscillation. Because the amplitude is initially high, the following fineness can be achieved by a suitable choice of the thickness of the magnets 14, 15 or 20 or of the pole shoes 21, 22:
  • the induced voltage initially has the form of half-waves 61 which are shorter than half a period of the oscillation frequency. As a result, a reduced current is emitted despite the large amplitude and the mechanical vibration is less damped. Normal sine half-waves 62 then occur in the second decay phase, which leads to a partial compensation of the power output by the generator 10, 10 'for each phase.
  • a further possibility of obtaining a constant output power is to suitably bevel or sharpen the magnets 14, 15 or the pole pieces 21, 22.
  • the reason why the output is as constant as possible has the following reason: The aim is to convert as much of the mechanical energy as possible into electrical energy and to use it effectively in sending pulp packets. If the current output was not compensated for, but only a large storage capacity was loaded, the result was that if the voltage at this capacity fell below the value required for operation, a large amount of energy would still be stored but would not be usable.
  • FIG. 4b shows the voltage curve on an appropriate storage capacitor.
  • the storage capacitor is formed by the series connection of capacitors 73, 74, which can be seen in FIG. 5.
  • the dashed rectangle represents the energy used.
  • FIG. 4c explains one possibility of how the power output by the generator 10, 10 'can be kept constant over a predetermined period of time. This is desirable because, as already stated, the largest possible constant amplitude per transmission pulse is required for the transmission of a transmission signal.
  • the method according to FIG. 4c in addition to a suitable design of the spongy spring / stator geometry, represents an additional method of maintaining a constant electrical amplitude over a wide range despite the decaying mechanical amplitude.
  • the energy emitted per transmission pulse is kept constant by pulse width modulation.
  • the reason for this method is that the current and thus the emitted power of an infrared diode increases rapidly with the voltage applied. Since the available voltage cannot be kept constant, the energy must be balanced over the pulse duration. This is indicated in FIG. 4c.
  • the pulse width must be modulated almost inversely proportional to the square of the voltage. It It is therefore expedient to carry out the balancing of the energy flow using suitable geometric / mechanical as well as electronic means.
  • a piezoconverter would only convert this mechanical shock energy into a short, narrow electrical power peak when a button was pressed in a sudden manner, which could not be efficiently converted into a signal of a certain duration and constant amplitude.
  • the mechanical impact energy is first stored temporarily by the floating spring 13 and is emitted by the various measures in the form of a largely constant power.
  • FIG. 5 shows a circuit diagram for the infrared remote control shown in FIG. 2.
  • the central element is an integrated circuit 70, which is advantageously designed as a microprocessor.
  • the connections of the individual keys 34 are connected in a matrix arrangement to this circuit 70.
  • Reference 34 again designates the button 34 shown in FIG. 2, to which the lines 36, 37 are assigned.
  • the clock oscillator belonging to circuit 70 is not shown separately.
  • the signal output by the coil 12 invites by two diodes 71, 72 in the voltage doubler arrangement, two Kon ⁇ capacitors 73, 74. At the cathode of the capacitor 74 4b, the supply voltage is applied to the circuit 70.
  • the infrared diode 33 is pulsed by a MOS transistor 75 via the corresponding gate signal. Line 76 is used to reduce the timing in circuit 70.
  • the mode of operation of the circuit 70 is similar to that of the known ICs used for battery-operated remote controls and is therefore not described in detail.
  • a single oscillation spring 13 as an energy intermediate store, but also a double oscillator, which consists of two oscillating springs oscillating in push-pull.
  • a double oscillator which consists of two oscillating springs oscillating in push-pull.
  • the spongy spring cannot be fastened to a sufficiently large mass, for example when used in a car key. Otherwise the vibration was damped very quickly by the external components (fingers).
  • a double oscillator neutralizes the vibrations through internal coupling so that the generator remains efficient.
  • the adhesive function between the permanent magnet 20 and the release spring 24 not be performed by the permanent magnet required for generating the field, but by a permanent magnet separate from it.
  • control electronics 32 it is also possible to use the control electronics 32 a so-called dual-circuit supply.
  • the first supply system is used to supply the low-power control logic, the voltage being approximately 3 to 5 volts.
  • This first system is loaded immediately after triggering the oscillating spring 13. This ensures that the control electronics 32 can immediately begin key identification and the first pulse is transmitted with the least delay.
  • the second supply charges a larger capacitor and carries higher currents to drive the transmitting element (IR diode, piezo converter).
  • the oscillating spring 13 or release spring 24 can also be activated by means of a ratchet wheel.
  • This is particularly expedient whenever the oscillating spring is to be drawn by a rotating movement or displacement. In this way it is possible, for example, to control a toy car remotely in terms of speed and direction of travel using a joystick.
  • the X and Y positions are removed from the joystick with two simple absolute angle encoders. With each change, a pulse occurs that sends the new position.
  • a "tailless mouse" can also be realized in a similar way.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour produire de l'énergie électrique pour assurer le fonctionnement de petits appareils électriques tels que des appareils pour télécommande, des calculatrices de poche, des gâches électriques, etc. L'énergie requise pour assurer le fonctionnement de ce type de petits appareils électriques provient au moins en partie de l'énergie utilisée pour actionner manuellement l'élément de déclenchement des fonctions (34). La source de tension se compose selon l'invention d'un dispositif comprenant un convertisseur (générateur) (10') mécanique/électrique alimenté par l'énergie de mouvement produite par l'actionnement manuel de l'élément de déclenchement des fonctions (34).
EP97923986A 1996-05-23 1997-05-22 Procede et dispositif pour produire de l'energie electrique pour assurer le fonctionnement de petits appareils electriques Withdrawn EP0900467A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19620880 1996-05-23
DE19620880A DE19620880A1 (de) 1996-05-23 1996-05-23 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie für den Betrieb elektrischer Kleingeräte
PCT/EP1997/002634 WO1997044883A1 (fr) 1996-05-23 1997-05-22 Procede et dispositif pour produire de l'energie electrique pour assurer le fonctionnement de petits appareils electriques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0900467A1 true EP0900467A1 (fr) 1999-03-10

Family

ID=7795172

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97923986A Withdrawn EP0900467A1 (fr) 1996-05-23 1997-05-22 Procede et dispositif pour produire de l'energie electrique pour assurer le fonctionnement de petits appareils electriques

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0900467A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000511037A (fr)
CN (1) CN1219298A (fr)
DE (1) DE19620880A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997044883A1 (fr)

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GB2415302A (en) * 2004-06-14 2005-12-21 Timeguard Ltd Electrical switches for wireless-operated systems
GB2415302B (en) * 2004-06-14 2006-10-18 Timeguard Ltd Electrical switches and wireless-operated systems including them

Also Published As

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WO1997044883A1 (fr) 1997-11-27
DE19620880A1 (de) 1997-11-27
JP2000511037A (ja) 2000-08-22
CN1219298A (zh) 1999-06-09

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