EP0895721A1 - Method and apparatus for applying a conditioning agent to tobacco material - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for applying a conditioning agent to tobacco material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0895721A1
EP0895721A1 EP98113726A EP98113726A EP0895721A1 EP 0895721 A1 EP0895721 A1 EP 0895721A1 EP 98113726 A EP98113726 A EP 98113726A EP 98113726 A EP98113726 A EP 98113726A EP 0895721 A1 EP0895721 A1 EP 0895721A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tobacco
chamber
flow
flow chamber
conditioning medium
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Granted
Application number
EP98113726A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0895721B1 (en
Inventor
Torsten Grigutsch
Dieter Paus
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Koerber Technologies GmbH
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Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH
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Publication of EP0895721A1 publication Critical patent/EP0895721A1/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24BMANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/04Humidifying or drying tobacco bunches or cut tobacco
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24BMANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/18Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
    • A24B3/182Puffing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for applying a gaseous and / or water-containing conditioning medium on moistened tobacco material inside an essentially free flow path of the tobacco.
  • the invention also relates to a device for applying a gaseous one and / or water-containing conditioning medium to moistened Tobacco material within an inlet opening and an outlet opening essentially free flow chamber.
  • the tobacco material treated in the manner described at the outset is to be understood in particular as cut rib and / or leaf material.
  • Such tobacco material can be treated for different purposes with regard to the intended condition of the end product produced therefrom, such as cigarettes, or the condition of the intermediate stages of the tobacco material that have been produced.
  • a preferred type of treatment in the sense of the invention aims to improve the so-called filling capacity of tobacco material by increasing its specific volume under the action of water vapor on the moistened tobacco and a subsequent drying process.
  • the invention has for its object the treatment mentioned above the tobacco in order to achieve an improved work result or To optimize the final product.
  • This object is achieved in that the tobacco is moved radially through a rotating radiation curtain of the conditioning medium.
  • a preferred effect is achieved according to a further proposal in that the tobacco expands under the action of steam through the radiation curtain as it passes through the flow path.
  • An additional effect which consists in the fact that existing tobacco is dissolved and separated in the form of more or less clumped fibers, is achieved according to an advantageous further development in that the tobacco is mechanically accelerated in the flow path during exposure to the conditioning medium.
  • the tobacco intended for expansion can be moistened in any preceding process step.
  • a preferred, particularly effective or compressed process sequence consists in moistening the tobacco as it enters the flow path.
  • the tobacco is dried after being passed through the radiation curtain or fed to a drying section.
  • the tobacco is moved through a beam curtain composed of several individual beams distributed over a circular circumference.
  • the efficiency can be improved further by moving the tobacco through at least two successive beam curtains. The tobacco is expediently moved through the flow path essentially in the direction of the fall.
  • the device for carrying out the method described at the outset consists in that at least one nozzle orifice for the conditioning medium which rotates about an axis which runs essentially transversely to the flow direction of the tobacco and essentially radially emerges, is arranged within the flow chamber.
  • the flow chamber is designed as a tobacco expansion chamber.
  • the conveying means is designed as a hollow shaft provided on the circumference between the nozzle openings with driving pins.
  • the dwell time of the tobacco fibers in the zone of action of the radiation curtain can be influenced by detecting and dissolving clumps of fibers and thereby exposing the individual fibers to steam radiation for a sufficiently long and intensive period, or to a large extent accelerating them in the direction of their fall. It is fundamentally possible to moisten the tobacco intended for expansion at any point and in any way.
  • a particularly advantageous and effective embodiment consists in providing water nozzles emerging from chamber walls of the flow chamber in the region of the chamber inlet opening. In this way, humidification and damping and thus expansion of the tobacco fibers is possible in a confined space.
  • a compact, easily integrable device for expanding tobacco fibers is provided according to a further development in that a cell wheel lock is arranged upstream of the flow chamber and a current dryer is arranged downstream on the output side.
  • At least two conveying means which are provided in the flow direction of the tobacco and are provided with nozzle openings and driving pins are provided within the flow chamber.
  • a versatile unit in particular for conditioning and transferring tobacco, or alternatively suitable for the cleaning of immediately upstream and downstream devices by exposure to water, consists of a means enclosed by inlet and outlet-side chamber walls for transporting or transferring tobacco between feeding and laxative Tobacco transport or treatment devices, the conveying means being designed as a radially transporting winnover roller which has a hollow shaft provided with radial nozzle openings, which can be optionally connected to a steam and / or water supply.
  • the advantage achieved by the invention consists in a procedure that is gentle on the tobacco and can be designed with a relatively low technical outlay on a relatively large tobacco throughput and intensive action on a maximum number of tobacco particles. In this way, an excellent expansion result of the tobacco fibers is achieved in particular.
  • a flexible or versatile unit offering an option is obtained with which either a humidification and expansion or. Drying effect on the tobacco or a cleaning effect on the directly allocated funding is possible.
  • the device for expanding cut tobacco 1 in the form of a rib cut or leaf cut has a flow chamber 2 serving as an expansion chamber, in which a rotatingly driven conveying means in the form of a Winnover roller 3 is arranged.
  • the Winnover roller 3 consists of a hollow shaft 4 which, according to FIG. 2, is provided with nozzle openings 6 which are distributed or offset over its circumference and width (for example Laval nozzles of the 630 model from Schlick KG, Coburg, FRG) and driving pins 7.
  • the hollow shaft 4 is provided with arrows 8 and 9 for a conditioning or cleaning medium in the form of steam or water, with which the nozzle openings 6 can alternatively be acted upon, the outlet jets 11 of which overlap over the width of the Winnover roller 3 according to FIG and thereby form a rotating beam curtain 12.
  • the flow chamber 2 has an upper inlet opening 10, in the area of which from the chamber walls opening into the flow chamber, via a feed line (arrow 13) fed water nozzles 14 for moistening the tobacco 1 fed via a rotary valve 16 with a rotating rotary valve 17, which are provided alternatively, could be moistened by a separate moistening device before entering the rotary valve 16.
  • the flow chamber 2 is also connected via a lower outlet opening 18 to a tubular flow dryer 19, which is made of hot gas with or without steam, in particular hot air or hot steam (superheated steam) with a temperature between 150 ° C and 600 ° C, in particular between 200 ° C and 400 ° C, e.g. B. 300 ° C, in the direction of arrows 21.
  • a cylindrical part 19a of the current dryer 19 changes over a transition zone 19b into a trough-shaped form 19c and from there over another transition zone 19d into another tubular part 19e.
  • a half orifice 22 is provided, which leads to a pressure drop at the outlet opening and constricts the flow of the drying medium in such a way that deposits on the wall of the flow dryer 19 opposite the Winnover roller 3 are avoided.
  • the supply of the tobacco parts through the Winnover roller 3 is facilitated in the region of the outlet opening 18.
  • the mode of operation of those used in particular in the area of the flow chamber 2 Means to increase the specific volume of the tobacco material as follows:
  • the portioned from the cellular wheel 17 into the flow chamber 2 Tobacco 1 is at a water content when passing the activated water nozzles 14 on the order of about 32% to 50%, preferably between 40% and 45% moist.
  • the moistened tobacco 1 passes in free fall through the winnover roller 3 rotating at approx. 200 rpm, the pins 7 of which, if necessary, dissolve or separate coherent tobacco fibers.
  • the saturated steam which emerges in a preferred amount of about 0.3 to 0.6 kg per kilogram of tobacco at a pressure of about 1 to 10 bar from the nozzle openings 6 of the hollow shaft 4 and forms a rotating jet curtain 12 with its overlapping exit jets 11 on the falling tobacco 1 and expands it by increasing the vapor pressure inside the fibers as a result of condensation heat released on their surface and penetrating into the fibers.
  • the expanded tobacco in particular in the form of a rib cut, then passes into the stream dryer 19 through which superheated steam flows, in which it releases moisture to the drying steam.
  • Winnover roller 3 is operated as a rotating cleaning device by Rotating water introduced into the hollow shaft 4 from the opposite side (arrow 9) Exit jets 11 exits the nozzle openings 6 and the Winnover roller itself as well as the immediately adjacent zones of the ones above Cell wheel lock 16 and the underlying current dryer 19 of deposits exempted.

Abstract

Moistened tobacco material moves in a free flow through a rotating curtain of gaseous and/or water-containing medium. Preferably the tobacco expands under the action of vapour during passage through the curtain and is mechanically accelerated.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Aufbringen eines gasförmigen und/oder wasserhaltigen Konditionierungsmediums auf angefeuchtetes Tabakmaterial innerhalb einer im wesentlichen freien Fließstrecke des Tabaks.The invention relates to a method for applying a gaseous and / or water-containing conditioning medium on moistened tobacco material inside an essentially free flow path of the tobacco.

Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem eine Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen eines gasförmigen und/oder wasserhaltigen Konditionierungsmediums auf angefeuchtetes Tabakmaterial innerhalb einer eine Einlaßöffnung und eine Auslaßöffnung aufweisenden, im wesentlichen freien Durchflußkammer.The invention also relates to a device for applying a gaseous one and / or water-containing conditioning medium to moistened Tobacco material within an inlet opening and an outlet opening essentially free flow chamber.

Unter dem auf eingangs beschriebene Art behandelten Tabakmaterial ist insbesondere geschnittenes Rippen- und/oder Blattmaterial zu verstehen. Derartiges Tabakmaterial kann zu unterschiedlichen Zwecken im Hinblick auf den beabsichtigten Zustand des daraus hergestellten Endproduktes, wie Zigaretten, oder den Zustand der bei ihrer Herstellung durchlaufenen Zwischenstufen des Tabakmaterials behandelt werden.
Eine bevorzugte Behandlungsart im Sinne der Erfindung zielt auf eine Verbesserung der sogenannten Füllfähigkeit von Tabakmaterial durch Vergrößerung seines spezifischen Volumens unter Einwirkung von Wasserdampf auf den angefeuchteten Tabak und einen anschließenden Trocknungsprozeß.
The tobacco material treated in the manner described at the outset is to be understood in particular as cut rib and / or leaf material. Such tobacco material can be treated for different purposes with regard to the intended condition of the end product produced therefrom, such as cigarettes, or the condition of the intermediate stages of the tobacco material that have been produced.
A preferred type of treatment in the sense of the invention aims to improve the so-called filling capacity of tobacco material by increasing its specific volume under the action of water vapor on the moistened tobacco and a subsequent drying process.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die eingangs genannte Behandlungsweise des Tabaks zwecks Erzielung eines verbesserten Arbeitsergebnisses bzw. Endproduktes zu optimieren.The invention has for its object the treatment mentioned above the tobacco in order to achieve an improved work result or To optimize the final product.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Tabak radial durch einen rotierenden Strahlenvorhang des Konditionierungsmediums hindurchbewegt wird.
Bei einem entsprechenden Ausgangszustand des Tabakmaterials und der entsprechenden Auswahl des Konditionierungsmediums wird nach einem weiteren Vorschlag eine bevorzugte Wirkung erzielt, indem der Tabak beim Durchtritt durch die Fließstrecke unter Dampfeinwirkung durch den Strahlenvorhang expandiert.
Ein zusätzlicher Effekt, der darin besteht, daß in Form von mehr oder weniger zusammengeklumpten Fasern bestehender Tabak aufgelöst und vereinzelt wird, wird nach einer vorteilhatten Weiterbildung dadurch erzielt, daß der Tabak während der Beaufschlagung mit dem Konditionierungsmedium in der Fließstrecke mechanisch beschleunigt wird.
Grundsätzlich kann eine Auffeuchtung des für eine Expansion vorgesehenen Tabaks in einer beliebigen vorgeschalteten Verfahrensstufe vorgenommen werden. Ein bevorzugter, besonders effektiver bzw. komprimierter Verfahrensablauf besteht hingegen darin, daß der Tabak unmittelbar beim Eintritt in die Fließstrecke angefeuchtet wird.
Zur Stabilisierung des erreichten Expansionszustandes wird nach einem weiteren Vorschlag der Tabak nach dem Durchtritt durch den Strahlenvorhang getrocknet bzw. einer Trocknungsstrecke zugeführt.
Um bei einem größtmöglichen Tabakdurchsatz durch die Fließstrecke möglichst viele Tabakfasern vom Konditionierungsmedium zu erfassen, ist darüber hinaus vorgesehen, daß der Tabak durch einen sich aus mehreren über einen kreisförmigen Umfang verteilten Einzelstrahlen zusammensetzenden Strahlenvorhang hindurchbewegt wird.
Bei besonders kritischen Förderbedingungen kann die Effizienz nach einem weiteren Vorschlag noch dadurch verbessert werden, daß der Tabak durch wenigstens zwei aufeinander folgende Strahlenvorhänge hindurchbewegt wird.
Zweckmäßigerweise erfolgt die Bewegung des Tabak durch die Fließstrecke im wesentlichen in Fallrichtung.
This object is achieved in that the tobacco is moved radially through a rotating radiation curtain of the conditioning medium.
With a corresponding initial state of the tobacco material and the appropriate selection of the conditioning medium, a preferred effect is achieved according to a further proposal in that the tobacco expands under the action of steam through the radiation curtain as it passes through the flow path.
An additional effect, which consists in the fact that existing tobacco is dissolved and separated in the form of more or less clumped fibers, is achieved according to an advantageous further development in that the tobacco is mechanically accelerated in the flow path during exposure to the conditioning medium.
In principle, the tobacco intended for expansion can be moistened in any preceding process step. A preferred, particularly effective or compressed process sequence, on the other hand, consists in moistening the tobacco as it enters the flow path.
To stabilize the expansion state achieved, according to a further proposal, the tobacco is dried after being passed through the radiation curtain or fed to a drying section.
In order to capture as many tobacco fibers from the conditioning medium with the greatest possible tobacco throughput through the flow path, it is also provided that the tobacco is moved through a beam curtain composed of several individual beams distributed over a circular circumference.
In the case of particularly critical production conditions, according to a further proposal, the efficiency can be improved further by moving the tobacco through at least two successive beam curtains.
The tobacco is expediently moved through the flow path essentially in the direction of the fall.

Die Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des eingangs bezeichneten Verfahrens besteht darin, daß innerhalb der Durchflußkammer wenigstens ein um eine im wesentlichen quer zur Durchflußrichtung des Tabaks verlaufende Achse rotierendes sowie im wesentlichen radial austretende Düsenöffnungen für das Konditionierungsmedium aufweisendes Fördermittel angeordnet ist.
Eine besonders effiziente Einsatzmöglichkeit eines derart ausgebildeten Fördermittels bei einer entsprechenden Vorbehandlung des Tabaks sowie Auswahl des Konditionierungsmediums besteht nach einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung darin, daß die Durchflußkammer als Tabak-Expansionskammer ausgebildet ist.
Ein zusätzlicher Vereinzelungseffekt auf die in einem mehr oder weniger kompakten Verbund zugeführten Tabakfasern kann mit einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung dadurch erzielt werden, daß das Fördermittel als am Umfang zwischen den Düsenöffnungen mit Mitnehmerstiften versehene Hohlwelle ausgebildet ist. Auf diese Weise kann auf die Verweildauer der Tabakfasern in der Einwirkungszone des Strahlenvorhangs Einfluß genommen werden, indem Faserklumpen erfaßt und aufgelöst werden und dabei die Einzelfasern ausreichend lange und intensiv der Dampfbestrahlung ausgesetzt sind bzw. zum großen Teil außerdem eine Beschleunigung in ihrer Fallrichtung erfahren.
Es ist grundsätzlich möglich, den zur Expansion vorgesehenen Tabak an beliebiger Stelle und auf beliebige Weise anzufeuchten. Eine besonders vorteilhafte und effektive Ausgestaltung besteht hingegen darin, daß im Bereich der Kammereinlaßöffnung aus Kammerwandungen der Durchflußkammer austretende Wasserdüsen vorgesehen sind. Auf diese Weise ist eine Befeuchtung und Bedämpfung und damit eine Expansion der Tabakfasern auf engstem Raum möglich.
Eine kompakte, problemlos integrierbare Einrichtung zum Expandieren von Tabakfasern ist nach einer Weiterbildung dadurch gegeben, daß der Durchflußkammer eingangsseitig eine Zellenradschleuse vorgeordnet und ausgangsseitig ein Stromtrockner nachgeordnet ist.
The device for carrying out the method described at the outset consists in that at least one nozzle orifice for the conditioning medium which rotates about an axis which runs essentially transversely to the flow direction of the tobacco and essentially radially emerges, is arranged within the flow chamber.
A particularly efficient way of using a conveyor designed in this way with appropriate pretreatment of the tobacco and selection of the conditioning medium is, according to a preferred embodiment, that the flow chamber is designed as a tobacco expansion chamber.
An additional separation effect on the tobacco fibers fed in a more or less compact composite can be achieved with an advantageous embodiment in that the conveying means is designed as a hollow shaft provided on the circumference between the nozzle openings with driving pins. In this way, the dwell time of the tobacco fibers in the zone of action of the radiation curtain can be influenced by detecting and dissolving clumps of fibers and thereby exposing the individual fibers to steam radiation for a sufficiently long and intensive period, or to a large extent accelerating them in the direction of their fall.
It is fundamentally possible to moisten the tobacco intended for expansion at any point and in any way. A particularly advantageous and effective embodiment, on the other hand, consists in providing water nozzles emerging from chamber walls of the flow chamber in the region of the chamber inlet opening. In this way, humidification and damping and thus expansion of the tobacco fibers is possible in a confined space.
A compact, easily integrable device for expanding tobacco fibers is provided according to a further development in that a cell wheel lock is arranged upstream of the flow chamber and a current dryer is arranged downstream on the output side.

Um auch bei gegebenenfalls schwierigen Förderbedingungen optimale Expansionsergebnisse zu erhalten, wird weiterhin vorgeschlagen, das wenigstens zwei in Durchflußrichtung des Tabak aufeinanderfolgende, mit Düsenöffnungen und Mitnehmerstiften ausgestattete Fördermittel innerhalb der Durchflußkammer vorgesehen sind.
Eine konstruktiv und funktionell und damit im Verfahrensergebnis optimale Weiterbildung besteht darin, daß die Durchflußkammer eine obere Einlaßöffnung und eine untere Auslaßöffnung aufweist.
Ein vielseitig einsetzbares, insbesondere zum Konditionieren und Überführen von Tabak dienendes bzw. wahlweise durch Beaufschlagung mit Wasser für die Reinigung unmittelbar vor- und nachgeschalteter Einrichtungen geeignetes Aggregat besteht aus einem von einlaß- und auslaßseitig offenen Kammerwandungen umschlossenen Fördermittel zum Transportieren bzw. Überführen von Tabak zwischen zuführenden und abführenden
Tabak-Transport- bzw. Behandlungseinrichtungen, wobei das Fördermittel als radial transportierende Winnoverwalze ausgebildet ist, welche eine mit radialen Düsenöffnungen versehene, wahlweise an eine Dampf- und/oder Wasserzufuhr anschließbare Hohlwelle aufweist.
In order to obtain optimal expansion results even in the event of difficult conveying conditions, it is further proposed that at least two conveying means which are provided in the flow direction of the tobacco and are provided with nozzle openings and driving pins are provided within the flow chamber.
A further development, which is optimal in terms of construction and function, and thus optimal in terms of the method, consists in the flow chamber having an upper inlet opening and a lower outlet opening.
A versatile unit, in particular for conditioning and transferring tobacco, or alternatively suitable for the cleaning of immediately upstream and downstream devices by exposure to water, consists of a means enclosed by inlet and outlet-side chamber walls for transporting or transferring tobacco between feeding and laxative
Tobacco transport or treatment devices, the conveying means being designed as a radially transporting winnover roller which has a hollow shaft provided with radial nozzle openings, which can be optionally connected to a steam and / or water supply.

Der mit der Erfindung erzielte Vorteil besteht in einer mit relativ geringem technischen Aufwand auf relativ großen Tabakdurchsatz und intensive Einwirkung auf eine größtmögliche Anzahl von Tabakteilchen auslegbaren, den Tabak schonenden Verfahrensweise.
Auf diese Weise wird insbesondere ein hervorragendes Expansionsergebnis der Tabakfasern erzielt. Gleichzeitig wird ein flexible bzw. vielseitige Einsatzmöglichkeiten bietendes Aggregat erhalten, mit dem wahlweise oder zugleich eine Befeuchtungs- und Expansions-bzw. Trocknungswirkung auf den Tabak bzw. eine Reinigungswirkung auf die unmittelbar zugeordneten Fördermittel möglich ist.
The advantage achieved by the invention consists in a procedure that is gentle on the tobacco and can be designed with a relatively low technical outlay on a relatively large tobacco throughput and intensive action on a maximum number of tobacco particles.
In this way, an excellent expansion result of the tobacco fibers is achieved in particular. At the same time, a flexible or versatile unit offering an option is obtained with which either a humidification and expansion or. Drying effect on the tobacco or a cleaning effect on the directly allocated funding is possible.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The invention is described below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing explained in more detail.

Hierbei zeigen:

Figur 1
eine geschnittene Seitenansicht einer Einrichtung zum Expandieren von Schnittabak in Verbindung mit einem Stromtrockner,
Figur 2
einen Schnitt durch ein Fördermittel der Expansionseinrichtung nach der Linie II-II gemäß Figur 1 und
Figuren 3 und 4
abgewandelte Ausführungsformen einer Einrichtung zum Expandieren von Schnittabak.
Here show:
Figure 1
2 shows a sectional side view of a device for expanding cut tobacco in connection with a current dryer,
Figure 2
a section through a funding of the expansion device along the line II-II of Figure 1 and
Figures 3 and 4
modified embodiments of a device for expanding cut tobacco.

Gemäß Figur 1 weist die Einrichtung zum Expandieren von Schnittabak 1 in Form von Rippenschnitt oder Blattschnitt eine als Expansionskammer dienende Durchflußkammer 2 auf, in der ein rotierend angetriebenes Fördermittel in Form einer Winnoverwalze 3 angeordnet ist. Die Winnoverwalze 3 besteht aus einer Hohlwelle 4, welche gemäß Figur 2 mit über ihren Umfang und ihre Breite verteilten bzw. versetzt angeordneten Düsenöffnungen 6 (beispielsweise Lavaldüsen des Modells 630 der Firma Schlick KG, Coburg, BRD) sowie Mitnehmerstiften 7 versehen ist.
Die Hohlwelle 4 ist mit durch Pfeile 8 und 9 gekennzeichneten Zuleitungen für ein Konditionierungs- bzw. Reinigungsmedium in Form von Dampf bzw. Wasser versehen, womit die Düsenöffnungen 6 alternativ beaufschlagbar sind, deren Austrittsstrahlen 11 sich gemäß Figur 2 über die Breite der Winnoverwalze 3 überschneiden und dabei einen rotierenden Strahlenvorhang 12 bilden.
Die Durchflußkammer 2 weist eine obere Einlaßöffnung 10 auf, in deren Bereich aus den Kammerwandungen in die Durchflußkammer einmündende, über eine Zuleitung (Pfeil 13) gespeiste Wasserdüsen 14 zum Auffeuchten des über eine Zellenradschleuse 16 mit einem rotierenden Zellenrad 17 zugeführten Tabaks 1 vorgesehen sind, welcher alternativ auch vor dem Eintritt in die Zellenradschleuse 16 durch eine separate Befeuchtungseinrichtung aufgefeuchtet werden könnte.
Die Durchflußkammer 2 ist darüber hinaus über eine untere Auslaßöffnung 18 an einen rohrförmigen Stromtrockner 19 angeschlossen, der von Heißgas mit oder ohne Dampfanteil, insbesondere Heißluft oder Heißdampf (überhitzter Dampf) mit einer Temperatur zwischen 150 °C und 600 °C, insbesondere zwischen 200 °C und 400 °C, z. B. 300 °C, in Richtung der Pfeile 21 durchströmt wird.
Ein zylindrischer Teil 19a des Stromtrockners 19 geht über eine Übergangszone 19b in eine trogförmige Form 19c über und von da über eine weitere Übergangszone 19d in einen weiteren rohrförmigen Teil 19e. Stromaufwärts von der Auslaßöffnung 18 der Durchflußkammer 2 ist eine Halbblende 22 vorgesehen, die zu einer Druckabsenkung an der Auslaßöffnung führt und den Strom des Trocknungsmediums so einschnürt, daß Ablagerungen an der der Winnoverwalze 3 gegenüberliegenden Wand des Stromtrockners 19 vermieden werden. Infolge der Absenkung des Druckes des Trocknungsmediums, das mit leichtem Überdruck durch den Stromtrockner geleitet wird, wird im Bereich der Auslaßöffnung 18 die Zuführung der Tabakteile durch die Winnoverwalze 3 erleichtert.
According to FIG. 1, the device for expanding cut tobacco 1 in the form of a rib cut or leaf cut has a flow chamber 2 serving as an expansion chamber, in which a rotatingly driven conveying means in the form of a Winnover roller 3 is arranged. The Winnover roller 3 consists of a hollow shaft 4 which, according to FIG. 2, is provided with nozzle openings 6 which are distributed or offset over its circumference and width (for example Laval nozzles of the 630 model from Schlick KG, Coburg, FRG) and driving pins 7.
The hollow shaft 4 is provided with arrows 8 and 9 for a conditioning or cleaning medium in the form of steam or water, with which the nozzle openings 6 can alternatively be acted upon, the outlet jets 11 of which overlap over the width of the Winnover roller 3 according to FIG and thereby form a rotating beam curtain 12.
The flow chamber 2 has an upper inlet opening 10, in the area of which from the chamber walls opening into the flow chamber, via a feed line (arrow 13) fed water nozzles 14 for moistening the tobacco 1 fed via a rotary valve 16 with a rotating rotary valve 17, which are provided alternatively, could be moistened by a separate moistening device before entering the rotary valve 16.
The flow chamber 2 is also connected via a lower outlet opening 18 to a tubular flow dryer 19, which is made of hot gas with or without steam, in particular hot air or hot steam (superheated steam) with a temperature between 150 ° C and 600 ° C, in particular between 200 ° C and 400 ° C, e.g. B. 300 ° C, in the direction of arrows 21.
A cylindrical part 19a of the current dryer 19 changes over a transition zone 19b into a trough-shaped form 19c and from there over another transition zone 19d into another tubular part 19e. Upstream of the outlet opening 18 of the flow chamber 2, a half orifice 22 is provided, which leads to a pressure drop at the outlet opening and constricts the flow of the drying medium in such a way that deposits on the wall of the flow dryer 19 opposite the Winnover roller 3 are avoided. As a result of the lowering of the pressure of the drying medium, which is passed through the current dryer with a slight excess pressure, the supply of the tobacco parts through the Winnover roller 3 is facilitated in the region of the outlet opening 18.

Die Wirkungsweise der insbesondere im Bereich der Durchflußkammer 2 eingesetzten Mittel zum Vergrößern der spezifischen Volumens des Tabakmaterials ist wie folgt:The mode of operation of those used in particular in the area of the flow chamber 2 Means to increase the specific volume of the tobacco material as follows:

Der portionsweise vom Zellenrad 17 in die Durchflußkammer 2 eingeschleuste Tabak 1 wird beim Passieren der aktivierten Wasserdüsen 14 auf einen Wassergehalt in einer Größenordnung von etwa 32% bis 50%, vorzugsweise zwischen 40% und 45% hochgefeuchtet.The portioned from the cellular wheel 17 into the flow chamber 2 Tobacco 1 is at a water content when passing the activated water nozzles 14 on the order of about 32% to 50%, preferably between 40% and 45% moist.

Anschließend passiert der aufgefeuchtete Tabak 1 in freiem Fall die mit ca. 200 U/min rotierende Winnoverwalze 3, deren Stifte 7 gegebenenfalls verklumpte, zusammenhängende Tabakfasern auflösen bzw. vereinzeln. Dabei trifft der in einer bevorzugten Menge von etwa 0,3 bis 0,6 kg pro Kilogramm Tabak mit einem Druck von etwa 1 bis 10 bar aus den Düsenöffnungen 6 der Hohlwelle 4 austretende und mit seinen sich überschneidenden Austrittsstrahlen 11 einen rotierenden Strahlenvorhang 12 bildende Sattdampf auf den fallenden Tabak 1 und expandiert diesen durch Dampfdruckerhöhung im Inneren der Fasern infolge von an deren Oberfläche freiwerdender, in die Fasern eindringender Kondensationswärme.
Anschließend gelangt der expandierte Tabak, insbesondere in Form von Rippenschnitt, in den von Heißdampf durchströmten Stromtrockner 19, in welchem er Feuchte an den Trocknungsdampf abgibt.
Subsequently, the moistened tobacco 1 passes in free fall through the winnover roller 3 rotating at approx. 200 rpm, the pins 7 of which, if necessary, dissolve or separate coherent tobacco fibers. The saturated steam which emerges in a preferred amount of about 0.3 to 0.6 kg per kilogram of tobacco at a pressure of about 1 to 10 bar from the nozzle openings 6 of the hollow shaft 4 and forms a rotating jet curtain 12 with its overlapping exit jets 11 on the falling tobacco 1 and expands it by increasing the vapor pressure inside the fibers as a result of condensation heat released on their surface and penetrating into the fibers.
The expanded tobacco, in particular in the form of a rib cut, then passes into the stream dryer 19 through which superheated steam flows, in which it releases moisture to the drying steam.

Während einer Betriebsunterbrechung des beschriebenen Expansionsverfahrens wird die Winnoverwalze 3 als rotierende Reinigungsvorrichtung betrieben, indem von der Gegen-seite (Pfeil 9) in die Hohlwelle 4 eingeleitetes Wasser in Form rotierender Austrittsstrahlen 11 aus den Düsenöffnungen 6 austritt und die Winnoverwalze selbst sowie die unmittelbar angrenzenden Zonen der darüberliegenden Zellenradschleuse 16 und des darunterliegenden Stromtrockners 19 von Ablagerungen befreit.During an interruption of the expansion process described the Winnover roller 3 is operated as a rotating cleaning device by Rotating water introduced into the hollow shaft 4 from the opposite side (arrow 9) Exit jets 11 exits the nozzle openings 6 and the Winnover roller itself as well as the immediately adjacent zones of the ones above Cell wheel lock 16 and the underlying current dryer 19 of deposits exempted.

Bei dem in Figur 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Durchfluß- bzw. Expansionskammer lediglich in ihrer Fallhöhe verlängert und mit einer zusätzlichen Winnoverwalze 105 ausgestattet, wobei im Prinzip gleichwirkende Elemente mit gleichen, um hundert erhöhten Bezugszahlen wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 1 versehen sind. Mit Hilfe dieser Anordnung kann im Bedarfsfall ein noch besseres Expansionsergebnis durch besonders intensive Einwirkung der Dampfstrahlen 111 auf den Tabak 101 erzielt werden.In the embodiment shown in Figure 3 is the flow or expansion chamber only extended in its fall height and with an additional one Winnover roller 105 equipped, in principle elements having the same effect same reference numbers increased by a hundred as in the exemplary embodiment according to Figure 1 are provided. With the help of this arrangement, one can if necessary better expansion result due to particularly intensive action of the steam jets 111 can be achieved on tobacco 101.

Das in Figur 4 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem zu Figur 1 identische Teile mit gleichen, um zweihundert erhöhten Bezugszahlen gegenüber Figur 1 versehen sind, verdeutlicht, daß die Durchflußkammer 202 als flexibel einsetzbares Aggregat in unterschiedliche Anlagen integrierbar ist, indem sie zum Beispiel über eine zusätzliche ausgangsseitige Zellenradschleuse 223 an einen Schwingförderer 224 angeschlossen ist, der den expandierten Tabak beispielsweise zu anderweitigen, nicht dargestellten Trocknungseinrichtungen überführt. Bei dieser Anordnung wirkt die Winnoverwalze 203 ebenfalls alternativ durch Beaufschlagung mit Wasser wiederum als Reinigungsmittel für die beiden Zellenradschleusen 216 und 223.The embodiment shown in Figure 4, in the identical to Figure 1 parts provided with the same reference numbers increased by two hundred compared to FIG. 1 are clear that the flow chamber 202 as a flexible unit can be integrated into different systems, for example by using an additional one output rotary valve 223 to an oscillating conveyor 224 connected to the expanded tobacco, for example, Drying devices not shown transferred. This arrangement works the Winnover roller 203 also alternatively in turn by exposure to water as a cleaning agent for the two rotary feeders 216 and 223.

Claims (16)

Verfahren zum Aufbringen eines gasförmigen und/oder wasserhaltigen Konditionierungsmediums auf angefeuchtetes Tabakmaterial innerhalb einer im wesentlichen freien Fließstrecke des Tabaks, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Tabak radial durch einen rotierenden Strahlenvorhang des Konditionierungsmediums hindurchbewegt wird.Process for applying a gaseous and / or water-containing Conditioning medium on moistened tobacco material within a essential free flow path of tobacco, characterized in that the Radially through a rotating radiation curtain of the conditioning medium is moved through. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Tabak beim Durchtritt durch die Fließstrecke unter Dampfeinwirkung durch den Strahlenvorhang expandiert.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the tobacco at Passes through the flow path under the influence of steam through the radiation curtain expands. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Tabak während der Beaufschlagung mit dem Konditionierungsmedium in der Fließstrecke mechanisch beschleunigt wird.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tobacco during the application of the conditioning medium in the flow section is mechanically accelerated. Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Tabak unmittelbar beim Eintritt in die Fließstrecke angefeuchtet wird.Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the tobacco is moistened immediately upon entering the flow path becomes. Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Tabak nach dem Durchtritt durch den Strahlenvorhang getrocknet bzw. einer Trocknungsstrecke zugeführt wird.Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the tobacco dried after passing through the beam curtain or a drying section is supplied. Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Tabak durch einen sich aus mehreren über einen kreisförmigen Umfang verteilten Einzelstrahlen zusammensetzenden Strahlenvorhang hindurchbewegt wird. Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that the tobacco is made up of several over a circular Scattered individual rays composing beam curtain moved through becomes. Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Tabak durch wenigstens zwei aufeinanderfolgende Strahlenvorhänge hindurchbewegt wird.Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the tobacco through at least two successive beam curtains is moved through. Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bewegung des Tabaks durch die Fließstrecke im wesentlichen in Fallrichtung erfolgt.Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that that the movement of the tobacco through the flow path is essentially in Fall direction. Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen eines gasförmigen und/oder wasserhaltigen Konditionierungsmediums auf angefeuchtetes Tabakmaterial innerhalb einer eine Einlaßöffnung und eine Auslaßöffnung aufweisenden, im wesentlichen freien Durchflußkammer, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß innerhalb der Durchflußkammer (2; 102; 202) wenigstens ein um eine im wesentlichen quer zur Durchflußrichtung des Tabaks (1; 101; 201) verlaufende Achse rotierendes sowie im wesentlichen radial austretende Düsenöffnungen (6; 106; 208) für das Konditionierungsmedium aufweisendes Fördermittel (3; 103; 203) angeordnet ist.Device for applying a gaseous and / or water-containing Conditioning medium on moistened tobacco material within one Inlet opening and an outlet opening, substantially free Flow chamber, characterized in that within the flow chamber (2; 102; 202) at least one by one essentially transverse to the flow direction of the tobacco (1; 101; 201) rotating axis and essentially radially emerging nozzle openings (6; 106; 208) for the conditioning medium having funding (3; 103; 203) is arranged. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Durchflußkammer (2; 102; 202) als Tabak-Expansionskammer ausgebildet ist.Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the flow chamber (2; 102; 202) is designed as a tobacco expansion chamber. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fördermittel (3; 103; 203) als am Umfang zwischen den Düsenöffnungen (6; 106; 206) mit Mitnehmerstiften (7; 107; 207) versehene Hohlwelle (4; 104; 204) ausgebildet ist.Apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that characterized in that the funding (3; 103; 203) as the circumference between the Nozzle openings (6; 106; 206) with hollow pins provided with driving pins (7; 107; 207) (4; 104; 204) is formed. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Bereich der Kammereinlaßöffnung (10; 110; 210) aus Kammerwandungen der Durchflußkammer (2; 102; 202) austretende Wasserdüsen (14; 114; 214) vorgesehen sind.Device according to at least one of claims 9 to 11, characterized characterized in that in the area of the chamber inlet opening (10; 110; 210) Chamber walls of the flow chamber (2; 102; 202) emerging water nozzles (14; 114; 214) are provided. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Durchflußkammer (2; 102; 202) eingangsseitig eine Zellenradschleuse (16; 116; 216) vorgeordnet und ausgangsseitig ein Stromtrockner (19; 119) nachgeordnet ist.Device according to at least one of claims 9 to 12, characterized characterized in that the flow chamber (2; 102; 202) has a rotary valve on the input side (16; 116; 216) upstream and a current dryer on the output side (19; 119) is subordinate. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens zwei in Durchflußrichtung des Tabaks (101) aufeinanderfolgende, mit Düsenöffnungen (106) und Mitnehmerstitten (107) ausgestattete Fördermittel (103, 105) innerhalb der Durchflußkammer (102) vorgesehen sind.Device according to at least one of claims 9 to 13, characterized characterized in that at least two successive in the flow direction of the tobacco (101) equipped with nozzle openings (106) and driving teats (107) Funding means (103, 105) are provided within the flow chamber (102). Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Durchflußkammer (2; 102; 202) eine obere Einlaßöffnung (10; 110; 210) und eine untere Auslaßöffnung (18; 118; 218) aufweist.Device according to at least one of claims 9 to 14, characterized characterized in that the flow chamber (2; 102; 202) has an upper inlet opening (10; 110; 210) and a lower outlet opening (18; 118; 218). Von einlaß- und auslaßseitig offenen Kammerwandungen umschlossenes Fördermittel zum Transportieren bzw. Überführen von Tabak zwischen zuführenden und abführenden Tabak-Behandlungs- bzw. Transporteinrichtungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fördermittel (3; 103; 203) als radial transportierende Winnoverwalze ausgebildet ist, welche eine mit radialen Düsenöffnungen (6; 106; 206) versehene, wahlweise an Dampf- und/oder Wasserzufuhr (8; 9; bzw. 108; 109 bzw. 208; 209) anschließbare Hohlwelle (4; 104; 204) aufweist.Surrounded by chamber walls open on the inlet and outlet sides Funding for transporting or transferring tobacco between feeders and laxative tobacco treatment or transport devices, characterized in that that the conveyor (3; 103; 203) as a radially transporting Winnover roller is formed, which one with radial nozzle openings (6; 106; 206) provided, optionally with steam and / or water supply (8; 9; or 108; 109 or 208; 209) has a connectable hollow shaft (4; 104; 204).
EP98113726A 1997-08-08 1998-07-23 Method and apparatus for applying a conditioning agent to tobacco material Expired - Lifetime EP0895721B1 (en)

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US6158441A (en) 2000-12-12
CN1110270C (en) 2003-06-04
DE59804176D1 (en) 2002-06-27
JP4031115B2 (en) 2008-01-09
DE19734364A1 (en) 1999-02-11
CN1214885A (en) 1999-04-28
JPH11103842A (en) 1999-04-20
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ES2176864T3 (en) 2002-12-01
US6581608B1 (en) 2003-06-24

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