EP0891791A1 - Golfschläger und Golfschlägerschaft - Google Patents
Golfschläger und Golfschlägerschaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0891791A1 EP0891791A1 EP98104952A EP98104952A EP0891791A1 EP 0891791 A1 EP0891791 A1 EP 0891791A1 EP 98104952 A EP98104952 A EP 98104952A EP 98104952 A EP98104952 A EP 98104952A EP 0891791 A1 EP0891791 A1 EP 0891791A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- tip end
- golf club
- head
- kgf
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B53/00—Golf clubs
- A63B53/10—Non-metallic shafts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B53/00—Golf clubs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B53/00—Golf clubs
- A63B53/02—Joint structures between the head and the shaft
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
- A63B60/0081—Substantially flexible shafts; Hinged shafts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2209/00—Characteristics of used materials
- A63B2209/02—Characteristics of used materials with reinforcing fibres, e.g. carbon, polyamide fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
- A63B60/06—Handles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
- A63B60/06—Handles
- A63B60/08—Handles characterised by the material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
- A63B60/06—Handles
- A63B60/10—Handles with means for indicating correct holding positions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to golf clubs and golf club shafts, and particularly to a golf club shaft which has been improved to allow enhanced blow angle and direction immediately before impact to achieve longer flight distance by setting the length of the golf club, the neck length of the golf head, and bending and torsional stiffness at the tip end of the golf shaft.
- the present invention also relates to a golf club with such a golf shaft.
- a golf shaft for a golf club of forty-four inches or more generally weighs as light as sixty grams or less.
- Such shaft must be designed to have sufficient strength to avoid breakage of the tip end of the shaft for connecting a golf head (hereinafter referred to as a head).
- the shaft has generally been reinforced with impact resistant carbon fiber with high strength and elasticity.
- the golf club as long as forty-four inches or more has high bending stiffness at the tip end of the shaft, so that bending stiffness at the other parts is reduced to achieve greater projecting angle when the ball is hit.
- torsional stiffness is reduced for the lightweight shaft.
- longer neck reduces deflection amount at the tip end of the shaft, whereas shorter neck increases torsional amount of the shaft.
- the tip end of the shaft has little deflection, and among the functions of the shaft, the greater projecting angle when the ball is hit is not effectively achieved.
- deflection amount of the shaft at the top of the swing increases, making it hard to fix the timing. This makes it difficult for a golfer to perform a desired swing as he or she must reduce deflection amount at the turn of the swing by moving the shaft at lower speed during the swing.
- the shaft with reduced bending stiffness has lower torsional stiffness, so that the direction of the head immediately before hitting is not fixed, resulting difficulty in controlling the direction of the flight.
- a main object of the present invention is to provide a shaft for a golf club which has been made to solve the aforementioned problems by setting slightly higher bending stiffness at the gripping side and lower bending stiffness at the tip end as well as higher torsional stiffness for the entire shaft as compared with the conventional shaft, and to provide a golf club with such shaft.
- the present invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastic golf shaft having bending stiffness of 2 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or less between the tip end and the position 200mm apart from the tip end, and that of 8 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or more for the portion at least 900mm apart from the tip end. More preferably, such golf shaft is mounted on a head of the golf club having neck length of 50mm or shorter.
- the fiber reinforced plastic golf shaft has torsional stiffness of 1 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or more and bending stiffness of 2 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or less between the tip end and the position 200mm apart from the tip end. More preferably, such golf shaft is mounted on the head of the golf club having neck length of 50mm or shorter.
- the fiber reinforced plastic golf shaft has torsional stiffness of 1 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or more and bending stiffness of 2 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or less between the tip end and the position 200mm apart from the tip end, and bending stiffness of 8 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or more for the portion at least 900mm apart from the tip end. More preferably, such golf shaft is mounted on the head of the golf club having neck length of 50mm or shorter.
- bending stiffness between the tip end and the position 200mm apart from the tip end is at most one fourth the bending stiffness for the portion at least 900mm apart from the tip end. More preferably, such golf shaft is mounted on the head of the golf club having neck length of 50mm or shorter.
- the head can strike the ball with upper blow, thus enabling increased flight distance.
- the head by increasing torsional stiffness at the tip end of the shaft, a desired turn of the head immediately before impact can be achieved.
- the inventor of the present application measured movement of the head and the ball before and after impact for a number of golfers including pro golfers using a high speed video camera. As a result, it was found that difference in blow angles produced significant variation in the flight distance with the same head speed. More specifically, measurement results for two pro golfers (golfer A, golfer B) with almost at the same head speed are shown in the following Table 1.
- a blow angle 5 shown in Fig. 1A is an angle between the horizontal line and the direction of movement of a head 2 immediately before impact between head 2 and a ball 4.
- the blow angle is positive and called upper blow.
- Fig. 1B when head 2 moves downward, the blow angle is negative and called down blow.
- Fig. 1C shows a diagram related to blow angle 5.
- flight distance for golfer B is longer.
- Figs. 2A and 2B show dynamic models for diagonal impact between the head and the ball at impact.
- the component of the force perpendicular to a face 2C, which influences initial speed of the ball, is larger when head 2 hits ball 4 with upper blow as shown in Fig. 2A than when head 2 hits ball 4 with down blow as shown in Fig. 2B.
- upper blow allows higher initial speed of the ball and longer flight distance as compared with down blow even if the ball is hit at the same head speed.
- bending stiffness at the tip end is desirably made 2 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or less.
- bending stiffness at the gripping side must be considered.
- Figs. 3A and 3B show data for bending strain over time in the shaft position 835mm apart from a heel end surface of the golf club (the lower portion of the grip) during the swing for the shaft of the present invention and for the conventional shaft, respectively.
- bending strain is maximized at the top of the swing, that is, at the turning point from backswing to downswing.
- bending stiffness at the gripping side of the shaft is the most important factor for the timing at the top of the swing.
- bending stiffness of 8 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or more in the position at least 900mm apart from the tip end restrained deflection of the shaft at the top of the swing to achieve prescribed swings in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention as shown in Fig. 3A.
- torsional stiffness at the tip end of the shaft at 1 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or more between the tip end and the position 200mm apart from the tip end, direction of the shaft is dramatically improved.
- the ball can be hit with upper blow, thus enabling increased speed of the ball and hence flight distance.
- torsional stiffness at 1 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or more for the portion between the tip end and the position 200mm apart from the tip end, which portion may have the influence on the turn of the head for the above mentioned shaft, a desired turn of the head can be achieved immediately before the ball is hit, thus enabling improved direction of the flight.
- a fiber reinforced plastic shaft 1 is provided as the more specific embodiment.
- Shaft 1 has bending stiffness of 2 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or less between a tip end 1A and the position 200mm apart from tip end 1A and that of 8 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 for the portion at least 900mm apart from tip end 1A.
- a golf club 3 with fiber reinforced plastic shaft 1 is provided.
- Shaft 1 has bending stiffness of 2 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or less between tip end 1A and the position 200mm apart from tip end 1A and that of 8 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or more for the portion at least 900mm apart from tip end 1A.
- Shaft 1 is mounted on a head 2 with neck length of 50mm or shorter to complete golf club 3.
- fiber reinforced plastic shaft 1 which has torsional stiffness of 1 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 and bending stiffness of 2 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 between tip end 1A and the position 200mm apart from tip end 1A.
- golf club 3 with fiber reinforced plastic shaft 1 is provided.
- the shaft 1 has torsional stiffness of 1 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or more and bending stiffness of 2 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or less between tip end 1A and the position 200mm apart from tip end 1A.
- Shaft 1 is mounted on head 2 with neck length of 50mm or shorter to complete golf club 3.
- fiber reinforced plastic shaft 1 which has torsional stiffness of 1 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or more and bending stiffness of 2 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or less between tip end 1A and the position 200mm apart from tip end 1A, and bending stiffness of 8 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or more for the portion at least 900mm apart from tip end 1A.
- golf club 3 with fiber reinforced plastic shaft 1 is provided.
- the shaft 1 has torsional stiffness of 1 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or more and bending stiffness of 2 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or less between tip end 1A and the position 200mm apart from tip end 1A, and bending stiffness of 8 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or more for the portion at least 900mm apart from tip end 1A.
- Shaft 1 is mounted on head 2 with neck length of 50mm or shorter to complete golf club 3.
- fiber reinforced plastic shaft 1 is provided whose bending stiffness between tip end 1A and the position 200mm apart from tip end 1A is at most one fourth the bending stiffness for the portion at least 900mm apart from tip end 1A.
- golf club 3 with fiber reinforced plastic shaft 1 is provided. Bending stiffness of shaft 1 between tip end 1A and the position 200mm apart from tip end 1A is at most one fourth the bending stiffness for the portion at least 900mm apart from tip end 1A. Shaft 1 is mounted on head 2 with neck length of 50mm or shorter to complete golf club 3.
- Figs. 4 and 5 respectively show bending and torsional stiffness distributions for the shaft in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
- Figs. 6 and 7 respectively show bending and torsional stiffness distributions for the conventional shaft.
- Measurement data for bending and torsional stiffness distributions of the above mentioned shafts shown in Figs. 4 to 7 is obtained through comparison test with the shaft in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention and the conventional shaft.
- prepreg with carbon fiber XN-05 having tensile elastic modulus of 5000kgf/mm 2
- NIPPON Graphite Fiber is employed.
- prepreg with carbon fiber T700 having tensile elastic modulus of 24000 kgf/mm 2 ) produced by Toray Industries is employed.
- prepreg with carbon fiber M50J (having tensile elastic modulus of 50000kgf/mm 2 ) produced by Toray Industries is employed for a bias layer (having fiber bias angle of ⁇ 40°) in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
- prepreg with carbon fiber M30S (having tensile elastic modulus of 30000kgf/mm 2 ) produced by Toray Industries is employed for the conventional shaft.
- prepreg with carbon fiber (tensile elastic modulus of 29000kgf/mm 2 ) is employed for straight layers (having fiber bias angle of ⁇ 0° to ⁇ 5°) of the shaft in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention and the conventional shaft.
- adjustment of a mandrel shape for example by increasing an outer diameter or a thickness of the shaft at the gripping side (the bat side), can increase bending stiffness at the gripping side.
- employment of highly elastic carbon fiber for the bias layer at the tip end of the shaft can also increase torsional stiffness at the tip end without increasing bending stiffness.
- length of the club is defined as a distance between a grip end 6 and a heel end surface 2A of head 2
- neck length is defined as a distance between a neck end surface 2B and heel end surface 2A of head 2.
- shaft 1 has bending stiffness of 2 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or less and torsional stiffness of 1 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or more between tip end 1A and the position 200mm apart from tip end 1A, and bending stiffness of 8 ⁇ 10 6 kgf ⁇ mm 2 or more for the portion at least 900mm apart from tip end 1A.
- Fig. 9 is a diagram related to the method of measuring the turn of the head when the ball is hit.
- a high speed video camera 7 is provided above a golfer and based on the image output from high speed video camera 7, change of face angle immediately before a golf head 1 hits a ball 4 is analyzed to measure direction of the shot, that is, the turn of head 2.
- a torsional strain gauge 8 is provided for the shaft of golf club 3.
- An output from torsional strain gauge 8 is applied to an amplifier 12 through a bridge box 11 for amplification, and input into an FFT analyzer 13 for measurement of torsional angle of the shaft. It is noted that the golf club used in the experiment had total length of 45 inches and neck length of 50mm.
- torsional strain gauge 8 was provided on shaft 1 to measure torsion of the shaft immediately before impact during the swing. In terms of physical amount, distribution of the ratio of change over time of longitudinal curvature of the shaft (dK/dt) immediately before impact (from 5msec to just a moment before impact) is measured.
- Fig. 10 is a graph showing ratio of change over time of longitudinal curvature of the shaft (dK/dt) immediately before impact in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 11 shows that for the conventional shaft.
- change of curvature at the head side for the shaft in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention is larger than that for the conventional shaft shown in Fig. 11.
- the shaft in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention can increase blow angle for upper blow, so that initial speed of the ball is increased.
- dK/dt between the tip end and the position 200mm apart from the tip end has a significant influence on blow angle and is also related to neck length. Unless neck length is 50mm or shorter, bending stiffness of the neck influences dK/dt, whereby sufficient deflection at the tip end cannot be ensured even if bending stiffness at the tip end of the shaft is reduced.
- Figs. 12A and 12B are graphs showing torsion angles over time immediately before impact for the shaft in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention and for the conventional shaft, respectively. As is apparent from comparison between Figs. 12A and 12B, the turn of the head in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention is more greatly improved.
- the shaft allowing prescribed swings, by setting higher and lower bending stiffness at the gripping side and at the tip end of the shaft, respectively, deflection amount at the tip end of the shaft immediately before impact is increased for larger blow angle.
- the head can hit the ball with upper blow to increase the flight distance.
- higher torsional stiffness at the tip end of the shaft allows a desired turn of the head immediately before impact.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP208461/97 | 1997-07-16 | ||
JP20846197 | 1997-07-16 | ||
JP20846197 | 1997-07-16 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0891791A1 true EP0891791A1 (de) | 1999-01-20 |
EP0891791B1 EP0891791B1 (de) | 2001-06-06 |
Family
ID=16556578
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98104952A Expired - Lifetime EP0891791B1 (de) | 1997-07-16 | 1998-03-18 | Golfschläger |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0891791B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE69800881T2 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102319511A (zh) * | 2007-09-10 | 2012-01-18 | Mrc复合制品株式会社 | 高尔夫球杆用杆身 |
JP2016010629A (ja) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-21 | ダンロップスポーツ株式会社 | ゴルフクラブヘッド |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1987007514A1 (en) * | 1986-06-06 | 1987-12-17 | Fiber-Speed International, Inc. | Golf club shaft and method of manufacture |
WO1991014480A1 (en) * | 1990-03-28 | 1991-10-03 | Exel Oy | Method for manufacturing a golf-club shaft of a fibre material and golf-club shaft made of a fibre material |
US5156396A (en) * | 1991-08-26 | 1992-10-20 | Somar Corporation | Golf club shaft |
FR2706777A1 (en) * | 1993-06-21 | 1994-12-30 | Taylor Made Golf Co | Golf-club shaft (handle) with optimised distribution of flexibility |
EP0662329A1 (de) * | 1994-01-06 | 1995-07-12 | Callaway Golf Company | Golfschlägerköpfe |
GB2290238A (en) * | 1994-06-14 | 1995-12-20 | Honma Golf Co Ltd | Golf club |
US5551691A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-09-03 | Somar Corporation | Golf club shaft |
-
1998
- 1998-03-18 DE DE69800881T patent/DE69800881T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-03-18 EP EP98104952A patent/EP0891791B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1987007514A1 (en) * | 1986-06-06 | 1987-12-17 | Fiber-Speed International, Inc. | Golf club shaft and method of manufacture |
WO1991014480A1 (en) * | 1990-03-28 | 1991-10-03 | Exel Oy | Method for manufacturing a golf-club shaft of a fibre material and golf-club shaft made of a fibre material |
US5156396A (en) * | 1991-08-26 | 1992-10-20 | Somar Corporation | Golf club shaft |
FR2706777A1 (en) * | 1993-06-21 | 1994-12-30 | Taylor Made Golf Co | Golf-club shaft (handle) with optimised distribution of flexibility |
EP0662329A1 (de) * | 1994-01-06 | 1995-07-12 | Callaway Golf Company | Golfschlägerköpfe |
GB2290238A (en) * | 1994-06-14 | 1995-12-20 | Honma Golf Co Ltd | Golf club |
US5551691A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-09-03 | Somar Corporation | Golf club shaft |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102319511A (zh) * | 2007-09-10 | 2012-01-18 | Mrc复合制品株式会社 | 高尔夫球杆用杆身 |
CN102319511B (zh) * | 2007-09-10 | 2014-03-05 | Mrc复合制品株式会社 | 高尔夫球杆用杆身 |
JP2016010629A (ja) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-21 | ダンロップスポーツ株式会社 | ゴルフクラブヘッド |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69800881T2 (de) | 2002-03-28 |
EP0891791B1 (de) | 2001-06-06 |
DE69800881D1 (de) | 2001-07-12 |
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