EP0890819A1 - Munition de marquage coloré - Google Patents
Munition de marquage coloré Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0890819A1 EP0890819A1 EP98111425A EP98111425A EP0890819A1 EP 0890819 A1 EP0890819 A1 EP 0890819A1 EP 98111425 A EP98111425 A EP 98111425A EP 98111425 A EP98111425 A EP 98111425A EP 0890819 A1 EP0890819 A1 EP 0890819A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mass
- container
- ammunition according
- ammunition
- marking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
- F42B12/40—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of target-marking, i.e. impact-indicating type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
Definitions
- the technical field of the invention is that of exercise ammunition and more particularly ammunition of colored marking.
- marking ammunition for exercise which includes a projectile having a thin envelope of material plastic which contains a marking composition.
- This projectile is broken on impact on a target and it spreads the marking composition thereon.
- the powder dispersion is bad due mainly from the agglomeration of particles which intervenes following the storage of the ammunition.
- the particle size fine powder used also makes the effectiveness very variable with the wind.
- the marking ammunition according to the invention ensures excellent marking efficiency by dispersion of a composition for marking at a long distance a target.
- the ammunition implements a composition which preserves its effectiveness after storage periods and which is also non-toxic and washable.
- the subject of the invention is a marking ammunition comprising at least one container containing a composition marking and an explosive charge of dispersion, ammunition characterized in that the container is substantially cylindrical, the explosive charge of dispersion being arranged at the axis of the container and in that the composition marking comprises at least one pigment in the form of a solid coloring powder dispersed in water, the powder being associated with a water-soluble binder and a filler rheological also soluble in water and intended for agglomerate the pigments and increase the viscosity of the composition, the composition also comprising an agent antifreeze.
- the container may include an annular cavity receiving the marking composition and an axial housing receiving the explosive charge of dispersion.
- the container is made of plastic.
- the container is arranged in a case forming a launch tube, case containing a ejection charge and intended to be made integral with a shooting platform.
- the ejection charge will be separated from the container by a push piston and the container will be surrounded by a rigid cylindrical jacket formed by at least two half shells.
- the dispersion charge can be initiated by means of a pyrotechnic delay itself initiated by the gases supplied by the ejection charge.
- the ammunition comprises a stack of at least two containers containing a marking composition.
- the rheological load can be chosen from among following compounds: calcium carbonate, barium sulfate.
- the binder can be chosen from the following compounds: polysaccharides, glycerides, cellulose derivatives or rubber.
- the pigment can be chosen from the compounds following: titanium oxide, iron oxide.
- the antifreeze agent will advantageously be chloride calcium.
- a marking ammunition 1 comprises a case 2 which carries at the level a rear part 2 has a base 3 carrying a radial lug 4 which authorizes a fixing of the ammunition by mounting to bayonet on a launcher (not shown) and which is integral with a structure such as a vehicle or a structure fixed.
- the case 2 is closed at its front part by a plug 20 secured to the case by at least one radial pin 21.
- the case 2 has a rear flange 2b which is pinched between a shoulder of the base 3 and a nut 5 screwed at the base.
- the base 3 carries an electric igniter 6 fixed on a support 7 glued to the base 3.
- the electrical wires of the igniter 6 are connected to an axial contact 8 on the one hand and to the base 3 on the other hand, the axial contact being isolated electrically from the base.
- Support 7 contains a load pyrotechnic ejection 9 which is constituted for example by a propellant powder or an ignition powder.
- the case 2 also contains a piston 10 on which is placed a stack of two marking projectiles 11.
- Each projectile 11 is formed by a container 12 which includes an outer cylindrical wall 12a and a wall internal cylindrical 12b. These two walls define a annular cavity closed by a cover 13.
- the walls are made in one piece by molding a material antistatic high density polyethylene plastic (to avoid electrostatic discharges likely to initiate a dispersion charge 16) and not breaking (in order to avoid training during the initiation vulgar fragments).
- the annular cavity contains a marking composition 14 according to the invention, the characteristics of which will be described below.
- the internal cylindrical wall 12b also defines a axial housing 15 receiving an explosive charge of dispersion 16.
- the axial housing 15 is closed at one end by a bottom 31 and at the other end by an ignition plug 17 bearing a delay pyrotechnic composition 18.
- the dispersion load consists of a pyrotechnic composition associating for example aluminum and potassium perchlorate.
- the delay composition is of the type combining oxidizing, reducing and binding (for example a composition Zirconium / Barium chromate / binder).
- the axial housing also receives an inert ballast 19 by example a block of plastic. This ballast allows to adjust the free volume of the housing which is intended for receive the dispersing charge 16.
- the cover 13 is fixed to the wall 12a for example by welding. It is also made of plastic and has at least two bulges 13a which are intended to allow the container to be filled with the composition of marking. These bulges initially carry orifices (not shown) which are blocked after filling, the capping is advantageously achieved by a localized fusion of the cover.
- the container 12 carries at its rear part three legs 22 regularly distributed angularly (see figure 2). Each leg has an overall profile cylindrical which extends over approximately 60 ° of arc, profile having an external shoulder 23 on which is supported a cylindrical jacket 24 made of plastic.
- the cylindrical jacket 24 is disposed between the wall outer 12a of the container and the inner cylindrical surface of case 2.
- Each tab 22 also has an internal shoulder 25 on which the piston 10 is supported (for the projectile back).
- the shoulder 25 secured to the front projectile receives support from the front of the projectile back.
- the legs 22 are mechanically reinforced by radial ribs 26.
- the cylindrical jacket 24 which surrounds the projectile rear (in contact with the piston 10) consists of two half-shells 24a, 24b which are not contiguous. After mounting the shirt, so there are two slots longitudinal 27 diametrically opposed between the half shells.
- the jacket 24 which surrounds the front projectile is also made up of two half-shells but they are contiguous to avoid the passage of a quantity of gas important under the cover.
- the shirts surrounding the projectiles serve ensure at the time of shooting the transmission of forces between the piston 10 and the cover 20 closing the case.
- the piston pushes the stack of projectiles 11 via the tabs 22, the rear shirt is also driven by the legs 22 and it transmits the thrust force both at the front projectile and at the front shirt, which itself pushes the cover 20.
- the liners thus ensure the shearing of the pins 21 when the pressure of the gases generated by the ejection charge 9 becomes sufficient.
- the longitudinal slots 27 which separate the half rear shells also allow passage of a part of the propellants towards the space separating the two projectiles. This ensures the ignition of the composition pyrotechnic delay 18 of the front projectile.
- pigment according to the color of desired marking.
- oxides metallic like titanium oxide for a white dye or iron oxide for a red dye.
- This filler increases the viscosity of the composition ce which reduces the risk of settling and separation of constituents.
- This load also makes it possible to increase the adhesion of the dye on the target ensuring agglomeration of pigments.
- the binder provides the connection between the pigments and the rheological load. It also allows you to adjust the viscosity of the composition and has a film-forming property, that is to say, it ensures a good distribution of the dye on the target by homogenizing the composition.
- Natural binders will preferably be used by example polysaccharides (such as gum or gutta percha, pectins or alginates), fatty oils (such as glycerides or fatty acid esters and glycerol), cellulose or rubber derivatives.
- polysaccharides such as gum or gutta percha, pectins or alginates
- fatty oils such as glycerides or fatty acid esters and glycerol
- cellulose or rubber derivatives such as glycerides or fatty acid esters and glycerol
- the marking composition being water-based, it will also advantageously include an antifreeze agent, for example example calcium chloride, which will avoid any solidification in the temperature range -30 ° C + 70 ° C.
- an antifreeze agent for example example calcium chloride
- the combination of the dye, calcium carbonate and gum is what is commonly called a gouache.
- the pigment and the binder are added to the water and stirred in order to obtain a partial dissolution. Load rheological is then added to this mixture which then takes a pasty consistency forming a gouache. Chloride calcium is then added in small amounts. The mixture is continuously cooled due to the character exothermic of the dissolution reaction.
- the components and the proportions will be chosen so to ensure a dynamic viscosity of the composition included between 7 and 7.5 Pascals.second (Pa.s) and a density between 1.3 and 1.5 g / cm3.
- compositions of following marking are given:
- the relative proportions of metal oxide and calcium carbonate will be determined by the skilled person depending on the viscosity desired for the gouache.
- liquid marking composition facilitates the manufacture of ammunition according to the invention.
- Water also facilitates the dispersion of the composition explosively.
- the initiation of the axial dispersion load causes the generation of droplets, the coloring capacity of each droplet being ensured due to the homogeneity of the composition according to the invention.
- the droplets have by elsewhere sufficient mass to ensure correct flight and good dispersion of the composition.
- the dispersing charge being disposed axially the distribution of the droplets has an axial symmetry used to simulate the effects of a flash charge.
- the adhesion capacities of the composition allow ensure target marking even at a great distance of it (of the order of 10 meters).
- composition according to the invention of making an exercise ammunition for efficiently and realistically simulate the operation of a flash charge.
- the case 2 of the ammunition according to the invention is fixed to a launcher 29 secured to a vehicle or structure 30.
- the ejection charge When firing the exercise ammunition according to the invention, the ejection charge is initiated and it causes the opening of the cover 20, the ignition of the delays 18 and the expulsion of the two projectiles 11.
- the two projectiles 11 continue their trajectory ballistic.
- the charge of dispersion 16 is initiated. It causes an increase in the pressure inside the casing 12 of the ammunition this which causes, on the one hand the rupture of the envelope, and on the other hand the dispersion of the marking composition 14 in the form of a cloud of coloring droplets.
- the heights H1 and H2 relative on the ground are substantially the same and close to 3 m.
- the cloud of droplets dispersed by each munition has a coloring effect up to a distance from the projectile of around 10 meters.
- the covered area is around 40 m 2 for an initiation at a height of around 10 m.
- Such efficiency is obtained through the use of a marking composition which makes it possible to avoid any phenomenon of decantation and therefore ensures dispersion over a long distance a uniform marking cloud with coloring capabilities important.
- each projectile casing 12 is made in plastic and has a relatively reduced mass (of around 50 grams). This envelope is found strongly braked on trajectory during dispersion, it has a extremely reduced kinetic energy and cannot injure troops participating in the exercise.
- the marking ammunition will have no ballistic trajectory but will be placed on the ground.
- She will include a container containing the composition and a explosive charge of dispersion.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une munition selon l'invention, coupe réalisée suivant le plan repéré BB sur la figure 2,
- la figure 2 est une vue en coupe transversale de cette munition, coupe réalisée suivant le plan repéré AA sur la figure 1,
- la figure 3 est un schéma représentant les différentes phases de fonctionnement d'une munition selon l'invention.
Claims (14)
- Munition de marquage comprennant au moins un conteneur (12) renfermant une composition de marquage (14) et une charge explosive de dispersion (16), munition caractérisée en ce que le conteneur (12) est sensiblement cylindrique, la charge explosive de dispersion (16) étant disposée au niveau de l'axe du conteneur et en ce que la composition de marquage comprend au moins un pigment sous forme d'une poudre colorante solide dispersée dans de l'eau, la poudre étant associée à un liant soluble dans l'eau et à une charge rhéologique également soluble dans l'eau et destinée à agglomérer les pigments et à accroítre la viscosité de la composition, la composition comprenant également un agent antigel.
- Munition selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le conteneur (12) comprend une cavité annulaire recevant la composition de marquage (14) et un logement axial (15) recevant la charge explosive de dispersion (16).
- Munition selon une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le conteneur (12) est réalisé en une matière plastique.
- Munition selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le conteneur (12) est disposé dans un étui (2) formant tube de lancement, étui contenant une charge d'éjection (9) et destiné à être rendu solidaire d'une plateforme de tir.
- Munition selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que la charge d'éjection (9) est séparée du conteneur (12) par un piston pousseur (10) et en ce que le conteneur est entouré par une chemise cylindrique rigide (24) formée d'au moins deux demi coquilles (24a,24b).
- Munition selon une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisée en ce que la charge de dispersion (16) est initiée au moyen d'un retard pyrotechnique (18) lui même initié par les gaz fournis par la charge d'éjection (9).
- Munition selon une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un empilement d'au moins deux conteneurs (12) renfermant une composition de marquage.
- Munition selon une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que la charge rhéologique est choisie parmi les composés suivants: carbonate de calcium, sulfate de baryum.
- Munition selon une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que le liant est choisi parmi les composés suivants : polysaccharides, glycérides, dérivés de cellulose ou de caoutchouc.
- Munition selon une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que le pigment est choisi parmi les composés suivants : oxyde de titane, oxyde de fer.
- Munition selon une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que l'agent antigel est le chlorure de calcium.
- Munition selon une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisée en ce que la composition de marquage comprend :40 à 50 % en masse d'eau,17 à 20% en masse de chlorure de calcium,10 à 25% en masse de l'ensemble formé par l'oxyde de titane et le carbonate de calcium,15 à 30% en masse de liant.
- Munition selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que la composition de marquage comprend :40 % en masse d'eau,18 % en masse de chlorure de calcium,25% en masse de l'ensemble formé par l'oxyde de titane et le carbonate de calcium,17 % en masse de gomme.
- Munition selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que la composition de marquage comprend :50 % en masse d'eau,20 % en masse de chlorure de calcium,15% en masse de l'ensemble formé par l'oxyde de fer et le carbonate de calcium,15 % en masse de gomme.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9708704 | 1997-07-09 | ||
FR9708704A FR2765869B1 (fr) | 1997-07-09 | 1997-07-09 | Composition de marquage et munition d'exercice mettant en oeuvre une telle composition |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0890819A1 true EP0890819A1 (fr) | 1999-01-13 |
EP0890819B1 EP0890819B1 (fr) | 2002-10-23 |
Family
ID=9509038
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98111425A Expired - Lifetime EP0890819B1 (fr) | 1997-07-09 | 1998-06-22 | Munition de marquage coloré |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6155174A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0890819B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2241327A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69808848T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2765869B1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102011107960B3 (de) * | 2011-07-20 | 2012-03-22 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Munition |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100385427B1 (ko) * | 2000-11-14 | 2003-05-27 | (주)제이에스엔지니어링 | 수류탄 내피 및 그 제조 방법 |
FR2835049B1 (fr) | 2002-01-21 | 2006-09-15 | Giat Ind Sa | Leurre deployable et munition permettant la dispersion d'un tel leurre |
FR2840977B1 (fr) | 2002-06-12 | 2004-09-03 | Giat Ind Sa | Dispositif et munition de protection d'un vehicule ou d'une plate-forme fixe contre une menace |
FR2840978B1 (fr) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-09-03 | Giat Ind Sa | Munition de masquage |
DE102008027144A1 (de) * | 2008-06-02 | 2009-12-03 | Carl Hoernecke Chem. Fabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Nichtletale Selbstverteidigungsvorrichtung, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
DK2457057T3 (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2017-12-04 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Day and night impact location marker for a projectile |
SG179302A1 (en) | 2010-09-16 | 2012-04-27 | Advanced Material Engineering Pte Ltd | Projectile with strike point marking |
US8399817B1 (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2013-03-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Micro designator dart |
US11015906B2 (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-05-25 | Sharon Lulay | Aerial reconnaissance marking projectile |
RU2740958C1 (ru) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-01-22 | Александр Георгиевич Носков | Учебно-боевой снаряд |
CN113959267B (zh) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-08-01 | 国研软件股份有限公司 | 一种干扰小型飞行器的雾气墙喷剂以及使用设备和使用方法 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB202176A (en) * | 1922-08-29 | 1923-08-16 | Harry James Nichols | Improvements in projectiles |
US3706151A (en) * | 1970-05-01 | 1972-12-19 | Robert M Mcneill | Gun and projectile for shooting fluids |
US4826535A (en) * | 1988-04-12 | 1989-05-02 | Rich Art Color Company, Inc. | Stain-free tempera paints |
US5352279A (en) * | 1994-02-02 | 1994-10-04 | Rapid Mounting & Finishing Co.-Cadaco Division | Washable pavement chalk composition |
DE4343728A1 (de) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-22 | Gernot Dr Loehnert | Verdicktes Wasser |
WO1996009351A1 (fr) * | 1994-09-23 | 1996-03-28 | Miriam Coller | Compositions de marquage |
EP0774642A1 (fr) * | 1995-11-17 | 1997-05-21 | Giat Industries | Procédé de dispersion ou d'application d'un matériau actif, composition et projectile mettant en oeuvre un tel procédé |
US5639526A (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1997-06-17 | Perfect Circle Paint Ball, Inc. | Paint ball |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3429263A (en) * | 1967-04-17 | 1969-02-25 | James B Snyder | Marking projectile and method of use |
US5018450A (en) * | 1990-04-25 | 1991-05-28 | Smith Henry J | Luminescent paintball for marking nighttime impacts |
US5353712A (en) * | 1991-12-31 | 1994-10-11 | Olson Christy L | Marking pellet gun and rigid, fracturable pellet therefor |
-
1997
- 1997-07-09 FR FR9708704A patent/FR2765869B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-06-22 EP EP98111425A patent/EP0890819B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-22 DE DE69808848T patent/DE69808848T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-08 CA CA002241327A patent/CA2241327A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1998-07-09 US US09/112,195 patent/US6155174A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB202176A (en) * | 1922-08-29 | 1923-08-16 | Harry James Nichols | Improvements in projectiles |
US3706151A (en) * | 1970-05-01 | 1972-12-19 | Robert M Mcneill | Gun and projectile for shooting fluids |
US4826535A (en) * | 1988-04-12 | 1989-05-02 | Rich Art Color Company, Inc. | Stain-free tempera paints |
US5639526A (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1997-06-17 | Perfect Circle Paint Ball, Inc. | Paint ball |
DE4343728A1 (de) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-22 | Gernot Dr Loehnert | Verdicktes Wasser |
US5352279A (en) * | 1994-02-02 | 1994-10-04 | Rapid Mounting & Finishing Co.-Cadaco Division | Washable pavement chalk composition |
WO1996009351A1 (fr) * | 1994-09-23 | 1996-03-28 | Miriam Coller | Compositions de marquage |
EP0774642A1 (fr) * | 1995-11-17 | 1997-05-21 | Giat Industries | Procédé de dispersion ou d'application d'un matériau actif, composition et projectile mettant en oeuvre un tel procédé |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102011107960B3 (de) * | 2011-07-20 | 2012-03-22 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Munition |
EP2549221A2 (fr) | 2011-07-20 | 2013-01-23 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH | Munition |
EP2549221A3 (fr) * | 2011-07-20 | 2015-05-13 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH | Munition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6155174A (en) | 2000-12-05 |
FR2765869B1 (fr) | 1999-08-13 |
EP0890819B1 (fr) | 2002-10-23 |
DE69808848T2 (de) | 2003-06-18 |
CA2241327A1 (fr) | 1999-01-09 |
DE69808848D1 (de) | 2002-11-28 |
FR2765869A1 (fr) | 1999-01-15 |
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