EP0890681A1 - Construction notamment bâtiment et méthode pour son érection - Google Patents

Construction notamment bâtiment et méthode pour son érection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0890681A1
EP0890681A1 EP97119547A EP97119547A EP0890681A1 EP 0890681 A1 EP0890681 A1 EP 0890681A1 EP 97119547 A EP97119547 A EP 97119547A EP 97119547 A EP97119547 A EP 97119547A EP 0890681 A1 EP0890681 A1 EP 0890681A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
building according
grooves
plate
building
groove
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97119547A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karl Moser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0890681A1 publication Critical patent/EP0890681A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
    • E04B1/612—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces
    • E04B1/6145—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with recesses in both frontal surfaces co-operating with an additional connecting element
    • E04B1/6158—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with recesses in both frontal surfaces co-operating with an additional connecting element the connection made by formlocking
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/10—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of wood

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a building, in particular a building a plurality used as a roof, ceiling or wall element, with mutually opposite connecting surfaces interconnected wooden panel components.
  • the invention is therefore based on the technical problem specify a connection type for wooden panel components, especially for buildings with large-format panel components simple and time-saving erection of the building allowed.
  • the invention proposes that for connecting two plate components at least one Connecting bar made of wood in a form-fitting manner in two opposite, one of the two plate components in the connecting area trained undercut grooves with press fit intervenes.
  • Such are for connecting two wooden components Connection strips already known per se.
  • You also will be referred to as dovetail dowels.
  • the ones to be connected Wooden components become interconnected with their connecting surfaces juxtaposed and the dovetail dowel in the Grooves inserted.
  • the fit between the dovetail dowel and the grooves depend on the one hand on the accuracy, with which the dovetail dowel and the grooves are made become.
  • the moisture content is both the wooden components to be connected and the dovetail dowel to consider.
  • the dovetail dowel takes off Moisture on what makes it swell and the original relatively loose connection of the two wooden components to one fixed connection. How much the dowel swells depends on its type of wood, the direction of its wood fibers and the amount of moisture absorbed.
  • dovetail anchors have only been relative to the connection small components used, but not for the connection of Panel components made of wood, used as a roof, ceiling or wall element to be used in a building. If so large-format plate components are connected to each other significant tolerances have to be taken into account, namely manufacturing tolerances of the components with each other, but also later occurring curvatures of the components as well different shrinkage and swelling behavior of the components. Around the aforementioned irregularities of the components wear, the undercut grooves must therefore be a relative have a large clearance so that the connecting strips are unhindered and inserted into the grooves without jamming can.
  • connection of two slab components of the building by means of a connecting bar is very simple.
  • the two Panel components only need to be connected to one another are juxtaposed or held against each other that the grooves in the connecting surfaces face each other in pairs. All that is required is a connecting bar in each pair of grooves be inserted. Even if the connection bar then their interference fit with the grooves has not yet been achieved has guaranteed them due to their form-fitting Intervention in the undercut grooves immediately after installation at least transversely to the longitudinal direction of the connecting bar a safe, if not necessarily rigid connection of the two plate components.
  • connection bar namely its press fit in the grooves
  • connection bar arises by subsequent swelling of the connection bar by itself, so that then in the longitudinal direction of the connecting bar a shear and tensile connection between the two Plate components exist.
  • the insertion of the connecting strips goes quickly, which are necessary activities simple and feasible by hand.
  • the frictional engagement of the connecting bar in the grooves allows insert the connecting strips into the grooves without using any adhesive.
  • the connecting strips can then moisture unhindered absorb and stretch.
  • the connecting strips preferably exist made of solid wood, due to the high swellability beech or spruce wood is particularly suitable.
  • A is used for the cross-sectional shape of the undercut grooves Approximately trapezoidal training preferred, the two Groove flanks of an undercut groove have the same slope can own or can be of different steepness. This can, for example, of the fiber direction of the connecting bar or the plate components in the engagement area or of depend on the desired load capacity of the connection.
  • the connecting strip is then expediently in cross section the shape of two approximates each other on their shorter baselines have connected trapezoids.
  • the undercut grooves can be longitudinal, but also oblique to Plate level of the respective plate component run.
  • a increased strength and thus resilience of the connection can be achieved when two plate components by two or more connecting bars are connected, which are approximately parallel run to each other, but transverse to their longitudinal direction are offset from one another.
  • two adjacent ones Connection strips also in the longitudinal direction to each other be staggered. This creates in the parting line a channel labyrinth between two connected plate components, through which cables or lines can be passed.
  • the connecting strips each other with adjacent bumpless ends in overlap in their longitudinal direction.
  • the panel components as plywood panels, in particular thick-layer wood panels are formed.
  • Such Laminated wood panels consist of a number of layers stacked wooden elements, the wooden elements in different layers, transverse fiber directions can have.
  • the wooden elements can in turn be plate-shaped. But you can also use planks or boards be educated.
  • Plate components can be the connection area between two plate components must be large. Connecting strips, which are linear over the entire connection area or at least extend a large part of the connection area, are for manufacturing and handling reasons not be made in one piece. In addition, could such long connecting strips are difficult to install.
  • the connecting bar can consist of at least two In the longitudinal direction, butt pieces assembled together be.
  • the last pieces one at each of their facing ends Have butt surface with which they butt against each other, and that at least one of the last pieces has at least one protrusion which - when viewed in one to the Connection surfaces orthogonal direction - the abutting surfaces in Longitudinal direction of the connecting bar overlaps and into one Set back of the other last piece protrudes. Longitudinal forces can be transmitted over the abutting surfaces. Of the Head start and set back can all start from one the butt surface of the respective last piece Wedge area may be limited, the wedge surfaces of the abutting surfaces diverge along the connecting surfaces. This ensures that when the no spreading effects due to wedging on both strips of the wedge surfaces arise.
  • the width of the connecting surfaces is greater than their width to the connecting surfaces measured thickness, these Width preferably between one and a half and three times, most preferably is about twice the size.
  • the connecting strips used preferably have a length which is one Multiple times the cross-section along the connecting surfaces measured width of the connecting strips.
  • the cross section width of the measured along the connecting surfaces Connection strips between one and two thirds of the thickness the plate components.
  • connection by the press fit between the connecting bar and the frictional engagement obtained allows the transmission of Longitudinal forces on the connecting bar.
  • Another increase the shear and tensile stiffness of the connection can be at least an additional connecting element, in particular one Nail or pin, which is the connecting bar interspersed transverse to their longitudinal direction and in the two interconnected plate components is held.
  • Another way to adapt the connection to the Load conditions occurring in the building can be found in it consist of a groove on a narrow side of a plate component is arranged and this along the plate plane Plate component runs across the plane of the plate to one Flat side of the plate component is offset.
  • the invention further relates to a method for construction a building, in particular a building of the above described type, in which a plurality as roof, ceiling or Wall element of used wooden panel components on one Place of erection of the building with opposite one another Connection surfaces is connected to each other.
  • the method according to the invention provides that in the connecting surface each of two plate components to be joined together at least one undercut groove each is incorporated that a set of connecting strips Wood is made, which each for positive engagement in two opposite grooves of two each to be connected plate components that the Connection strips and the grooves made to press fit be that for connecting two plate components at least a connecting bar in two opposite grooves each one of the two plate components is used and that the Connection strips dried before being inserted into the grooves become.
  • the connecting strips are preferably at least approximately dried on dew moisture.
  • a state becomes as dew moisture of the wood material in which no free water in the wood material is more available. This high degree of drying goes with a correspondingly high swelling dimension of the connecting strips hand in hand. The latter allows large dimensions of the Grooves through the strongly swelling connecting strips again be balanced. In the dried state, the Connection strips can be easily inserted into the grooves.
  • the connecting strips are dried directly at the place of erection of the structure, for example in a drying oven brought there.
  • the connecting strips are dried before they close be brought to the place of erection of the structure.
  • the connecting strips after drying individually or in pairs in one airtight sealable enclosure are introduced from the they are removed before being inserted into the grooves. This ensures that the connecting strips the degree of dryness originally achieved when inserted have.
  • the wrapping can be a film bag, for example be closed after inserting the connecting strips and can be evacuated to any Exclude moisture absorption.
  • the building section shown in FIG. 1 has one of several vertical wall elements 1 arranged one above the other Wall 3, an attached to the upper end of wall 3, sloping roof element 5, as well as two in different horizontal levels fixed to the wall 3, horizontal ceiling elements 7 on.
  • the wall elements 1, the roof element 5 and the ceiling elements 7 are designed as wood-panel components 9.
  • a plurality of such plate components 9 can form a complete one Wall, ceiling or roof pane must be assembled. However, such a disk can also be used by one person Plate component to be formed.
  • the plate components 9 are in mutually abutting connection surfaces 11 connected.
  • each at least an elongated undercut groove 13 is incorporated, about by milling a corresponding groove 13 in the Connection surface 11 of the respective other plate component 9 opposite.
  • the cross-sectional shape corresponds to that of the groove pairing.
  • the connection bar 15 positively engages behind the groove flanks 17 of the grooves 13 formed undercuts.
  • the grooves 13 formed as trapezoidal grooves, the cross section of which approximates Has the shape of an isosceles trapezoid.
  • the connection bar 15 accordingly has an approximate cross-section the shape of two isosceles trapezoids, which on their shorter baselines are connected.
  • This Shape of the connecting bar 15 is also called a dovetail shape designated.
  • the positive engagement of the connecting bar 15 in the Grooves 13 ensures a secure connection of the plate components 9 in a to the longitudinal direction of the connecting bar 15 orthogonal plane, ie in the drawing plane of Fig. 1.
  • a shear and tensile connection of the plate components 9 in the longitudinal direction the connecting bar 15 is a press fit the connecting bar 15 is reached in its associated grooves 13.
  • the resulting frictional connection allows transmission of forces also in the longitudinal direction of the connecting bar 15.
  • the connecting bar 15 with its interference fit cannot be inserted into the grooves 13, it is dried down before installation, so that its wood material disappears. This results in a certain game the connecting bar 15 opposite the grooves 13 so that the Connection bar 15 can be easily inserted into the grooves 13 can.
  • connection bar 15 The free dimension existing immediately after installation the grooves 13 opposite the connecting bar 15 is through subsequent swelling of the connection bar 15 due to Moisture absorption balanced again. Upon reaching the Compensation or permanent moisture is the connecting bar 15 so strongly swollen that they press fit in the grooves 13 sits. Accordingly, the grooves 13 and 13 are produced Connection bar 15 to press fit.
  • the drying of the connecting strips 15 can begin immediately the construction site of the building. You can also on one be carried out in a separate place, such as in one of the connecting strips or the woodworking manufacture of the panel components Business. Using a suitable drying device, for example a drying oven, the Connection strips preferably dried to dry moisture. This extreme drying condition can be achieved without additional aids can only be maintained for a limited time. Obviously the connecting strips 15 are not immediately after drying built into the building, but temporarily stored, it is recommended that the connecting strips 15 moisture-proof to wrap. For this they are preferred in introduced a film bag, which is made of air and moisture impermeable Material exists. Using a vacuum pump the foil bag can also be evacuated.
  • the airtight sealed foil bag ensures that the Connection strips up to their installation the originally achieved Maintain the degree of dryness. Only shortly before installation the connecting strips 15, the film bag is opened and the connecting strips 15 removed.
  • the connecting strips 15 can be packed individually. But it can also a plurality of connecting strips 15 in a common Foil bag to be summarized.
  • the connecting bar 15 must be in the one of the adjacent Connection surfaces 11 of the two connected to each other Plate components 9 not formed connection area be arranged in the middle.
  • the undercut groove 13, which in the from the narrow side 19th formed connecting surface 11 of the ceiling element 7 incorporated is compared to a plate center plane indicated by dashed lines 23 of the ceiling element 7 to a lower flat side 25 of the ceiling element 7 offset. If the ceiling element 7 is loaded from above, the top of the Narrow side 19 of the ceiling element 7 due to the resulting Deflection of the ceiling element 7 from the flat side 21 lift off the wall element 1 slightly.
  • connecting bar 15 is for longitudinal security penetrated by at least one nail or pin 27, which of the flat side facing away from the ceiling element 7 Wall element 1 ago through the wall element 1 and the connecting bar 15 hammered into the ceiling element 7 is.
  • the connection can then already have longitudinal forces transferred when the connecting bar 15 their balance moisture has not yet reached and the press fit of Has not yet set the connecting bar in the grooves 13, So shortly after installing the connecting strip 15. It understands yourself that the other connecting strips 15 additionally can be secured in this form.
  • the section A of FIG. 1 shown in FIG. 2 shows that the plate components 9 as one of several layers one above the other arranged wooden elements 29 constructed plywood panels can be trained.
  • the wooden elements 29 formed by wooden boards, which in the individual layers lie side by side on the narrow side. They are transverse from layer to layer arranged to each other, so that in the individual Layers of plywood panels in different main fiber directions of the wooden elements 29 result in a high Stability and load-bearing capacity of the plate components 9 in different Directions of loading.
  • the outer layers 31 of the Laminated wood panels are preferably not from side by side Wooden boards formed, but in turn consist of several layers of veneer and wood.
  • these layers of veneer wood can turn from layer to layer Layer different, especially transverse to each other Have fiber directions. 2 it can be seen that the grooves 13 incorporated into the ceiling element 7 not deeper than the thickness of the outer layers 31 of the ceiling element 7 are, so that the connecting strips used therein 15 completely anchored in the outer layers 31 of the ceiling element 7 are.
  • a connecting bar 15 should their width B parallel to the connecting surfaces 11 Third to two thirds of the plate thickness P of the plate components 9.
  • the measured across the connecting surfaces 11 Thickness D of the connecting bar 15 should be about half of width B are.
  • the length of the connection bar 15 is usually 10 to 20 times or more the width B of the connecting bar 15.
  • a numerical example can be the following: with a length of the connecting bar of about 3 m are their width B between 60 and 120 mm and their Thickness D between 30 and 60 mm.
  • the groove flanks 17 of the grooves 13 corresponding incisions of the connecting bar are each between 5 and 20 mm deep. These numbers apply to one Panel thickness P between 10 cm and 20 cm.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the grooves 13 and the connecting strips 15 may be required. Variations are here about a change of the angle of inclination of the groove flanks 17 or via a change the groove depth of the grooves 13 possible.
  • 3 only shows exemplarily a pair of opposing grooves 13a, of which the right groove in Fig. 3 in cross-section the shape of a has uneven trapezes, so that the groove flanks 17a this right groove 13a have different slopes.
  • FIG. 3 has a cross section of a trapezoid degenerate form, in which not only the Groove edges 17a have different steepness, but also the groove bottom 33a obliquely to the connecting surfaces 11a runs, so that this left groove 13a an uneven groove depth owns.
  • the representation of Fig. 3 is only intended to Show possibilities to what extent changes in the cross-sectional shape of the grooves 13a can be made.
  • the other last piece 35b faces the last piece 37b facing butt end 47b one of the butt surface 41b opposite abutment surface 45b, which when assembled of the two last pieces 35b, 37b blunt with the abutting surface 41b of the last piece 37b collides.
  • In the butt end 47b of the last piece 35b are also wedge surfaces 49b incised which the wedge surfaces 43b of the last piece 37b are opposite. Through these incised wedge surfaces 49b are two in the width direction of the last piece 35b the abutting surface 45b of which forms wedge projections 51b, which in the longitudinal direction over the abutting surface 45b of the last piece 35b protrude.
  • connection strips 15c run all along the plane of the plate component 9c.
  • the the two middle connecting strips 15c in FIG. 6 are transverse to offset in the longitudinal direction to each other.
  • the right one in Fig. 6 and left connecting bar 15c are both in the longitudinal direction as well as transverse to their longitudinal direction to the two middle ones Connection strips 15c offset. Overlap lengthways however, they are adjacent with a shock-free end 53c butt-free ends 55c of the two middle connecting strips 15c. This causes that across the plate plane of the plate member 9c there is no rectilinear, translucent joint is.
  • connection strips 15d are inclined arranged to the plate level of the plate component 9d, wherein are arranged at a distance from each other and approximately to each other run in parallel.
  • the distance between two neighboring ones Connection strips 15d is chosen so that perpendicular an overlap with the plate plane of the plate component 9d adjacent free ends 57d of the adjacent connecting bars 15d occurs so that the passage of light from one side of the plate to the other, at least in the orthogonal direction to the plate level of the plate component 9d prevented is.
  • the connecting strips can be connected to the free ends 57d 15d threaded through a cable or line become.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
EP97119547A 1997-01-10 1997-11-07 Construction notamment bâtiment et méthode pour son érection Withdrawn EP0890681A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19700632 1997-01-10
DE1997100632 DE19700632A1 (de) 1997-01-10 1997-01-10 Bauwerk, insbesondere Gebäude, sowie Verfahren zu dessen Errichtung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0890681A1 true EP0890681A1 (fr) 1999-01-13

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EP97119547A Withdrawn EP0890681A1 (fr) 1997-01-10 1997-11-07 Construction notamment bâtiment et méthode pour son érection

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EP (1) EP0890681A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19700632A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1050636A2 (fr) 1999-05-03 2000-11-08 Riko Hise, D.O.O. Système modulaire d'éléments de construction en bois avec des cadres en bois et leur procédé de fabrication
EP1854931A2 (fr) 2006-05-08 2007-11-14 Elias Niederkofler Méthode pour ériger des maisons en bois massif
SE544042C2 (en) * 2020-06-23 2021-11-16 Woodbe Eng Ab A self-supporting wood panel system
WO2022058742A1 (fr) 2020-09-18 2022-03-24 Natural Building Systems Ltd. Système de construction de cassette démontable

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2365583B9 (es) * 2009-09-21 2013-04-10 Enquire S.L. Cámara acústica desmontable.
FR3005077A1 (fr) * 2013-04-24 2014-10-31 Espace Plus Construction d'un mur a ossature bois avec acrotere integre

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR637507A (fr) * 1927-07-12 1928-05-02 Fibrociment Et Des Revetements Pièce d'assemblage
CH243280A (de) * 1944-01-07 1946-07-15 Dreyer Otto Verbindung von einander benachbarten Bauelementen von Holzkonstruktionen.
FR1592733A (fr) * 1968-11-21 1970-05-19
EP0097102A1 (fr) * 1982-06-14 1983-12-28 Claude Ernest Eugène Gouneau Procédé de construction de bâtiments à partir d'éléments modulaires d'ossature bois avec isolation incorporée, et éléments modulaires pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
EP0117205A2 (fr) * 1983-02-16 1984-08-29 Yves François Honoré Grosdoit Procédé d'assemblage mutuel de panneaux préfabriqués, profilé d'assemblage utilisable pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et l'assemblage obtenu

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2123865A (en) * 1982-05-25 1984-02-08 Graham Michael Arthur Simmons Building system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR637507A (fr) * 1927-07-12 1928-05-02 Fibrociment Et Des Revetements Pièce d'assemblage
CH243280A (de) * 1944-01-07 1946-07-15 Dreyer Otto Verbindung von einander benachbarten Bauelementen von Holzkonstruktionen.
FR1592733A (fr) * 1968-11-21 1970-05-19
EP0097102A1 (fr) * 1982-06-14 1983-12-28 Claude Ernest Eugène Gouneau Procédé de construction de bâtiments à partir d'éléments modulaires d'ossature bois avec isolation incorporée, et éléments modulaires pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
EP0117205A2 (fr) * 1983-02-16 1984-08-29 Yves François Honoré Grosdoit Procédé d'assemblage mutuel de panneaux préfabriqués, profilé d'assemblage utilisable pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et l'assemblage obtenu

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Section PQ Week 8402, Derwent World Patents Index; Class Q67, AN 84-009674, XP002081008 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1050636A2 (fr) 1999-05-03 2000-11-08 Riko Hise, D.O.O. Système modulaire d'éléments de construction en bois avec des cadres en bois et leur procédé de fabrication
EP1854931A2 (fr) 2006-05-08 2007-11-14 Elias Niederkofler Méthode pour ériger des maisons en bois massif
SE544042C2 (en) * 2020-06-23 2021-11-16 Woodbe Eng Ab A self-supporting wood panel system
SE2050747A1 (en) * 2020-06-23 2021-11-16 Woodbe Eng Ab A self-supporting wood panel system
EP3929368A1 (fr) * 2020-06-23 2021-12-29 Woodbe Engineering AB Système de panneaux de bois autoportants
WO2022058742A1 (fr) 2020-09-18 2022-03-24 Natural Building Systems Ltd. Système de construction de cassette démontable

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