EP0889297A1 - Installation pour produire et/ou maintenir un bain métallique en température - Google Patents

Installation pour produire et/ou maintenir un bain métallique en température Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0889297A1
EP0889297A1 EP98111930A EP98111930A EP0889297A1 EP 0889297 A1 EP0889297 A1 EP 0889297A1 EP 98111930 A EP98111930 A EP 98111930A EP 98111930 A EP98111930 A EP 98111930A EP 0889297 A1 EP0889297 A1 EP 0889297A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
atmosphere
dip tube
melting
inert gas
melting bath
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98111930A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Markus Dr.-Ing. Adelt
Hans-Dieter Dipl.-Ing. Siebert
Detlef Dr.-Ing. Altemark
Dominik Dr. Schröder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EON Ruhrgas AG
Original Assignee
Ruhrgas AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ruhrgas AG filed Critical Ruhrgas AG
Publication of EP0889297A1 publication Critical patent/EP0889297A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F27D99/0035—Heating indirectly through a radiant surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0073—Seals
    • F27D99/0075—Gas curtain seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F27D2099/0036—Heating elements or systems using burners immersed in the charge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for generating and / or keeping a weld pool warm, in particular one Non-ferrous metal melting bath, with a melting tank for the weld pool and an atmosphere above it, and a heater for heating the melt pool.
  • Melting baths are e.g. for production, for processing and used for casting metals.
  • the weld pool can are heated both directly and indirectly.
  • the weld pool e.g. in a drum or a crucible furnace with fossil fuels heated directly on the free bath area.
  • heating has the disadvantage of increased oxidation or an increased burn-up of the metal occurs.
  • strain in the case of direct firing that in the combustion exhaust gases contaminants contained in the weld pool or the above located furnace atmosphere.
  • the invention is therefore based on the problem of a to provide generic device that the Has indirect heating advantages and also better ones Efficiency achieved.
  • the closed immersion tube prevents pollutants emerge from the dip tube. Due to the arrangement of the dip tube In the middle of the melt there is also a good level of efficiency of heating achieved.
  • the invention is also based on the finding that Caking on the material of the dip tube in the above Atmospheric bath located effectively avoided can be when the temperature of the dip tube surface in this area kept below specified limit values becomes.
  • Such caking consists of reaction products the metal and / or flux vapors above the Weld pool. They can sometimes lead to short-term destruction of the material of the immersion tube.
  • dip tube material There are technical ceramics as dip tube material have been developed in direct contact with the weld pool have a sufficient lifespan, but it does even with these dip tube materials without the means for Compliance with specified temperature limit values for the described ones Caking in the atmosphere.
  • the means to comply with the specified limit values the temperature of the dip tube surface can be technically simple and installed inexpensively, especially afterwards become.
  • the limit values can depend on the operating conditions the dip tube, e.g. from the heat output of the Heating device and the material of the weld pool, depending be.
  • the immersion tube advantageously contains a burner, preferably a recuperative burner.
  • a burner preferably a recuperative burner.
  • fossil Fuels are used for heating.
  • the primary energy consumption and the energy costs can be compared use of electrical heat can be significantly reduced.
  • a recuperator burner you can especially high efficiencies can be achieved.
  • the means to comply with the predetermined limits of the temperature of the immersion tube surface are designed such that the immersion tube surface temperature to a temperature in the range of 80 to 120 % of the melt bath temperature is adjustable.
  • the Means for maintaining the specified temperature limit values the dip tube surface one in the area of the above of the atmosphere on the inside of the immersion pipe attached thermal insulation.
  • the means for Compliance with the specified limits of the temperature of the Dip tube surface have a cooling device, wherein the cooling device is designed such that the inside the cooling tube surface can be supplied with cold cooling gas.
  • the cooling device is preferably designed such that that combustion air of the burner can be used as cooling gas is.
  • combustion air of the burner can be used as cooling gas is.
  • Part of the fed Combustion air can be inexpensive and without special technical effort before the combustion zone as cooling gas be branched off.
  • a further development of the invention is characterized in that that a device for the joint removal of the Cooling gas and the exhaust gases of the burner is provided.
  • the invention Problem can be solved in that with a generic Set up the heater as in the melting tank arranged immersion tube immersed in the weld pool is formed, and that means are provided to an inert Gas, preferably inert gas, e.g. Nitrogen, the atmosphere above the melt pool.
  • inert gas e.g. Nitrogen
  • the atmosphere above the melt pool With this facility, too, one becomes direct heated melting baths occurring increased oxidation of the Avoided melt pool and achieved good efficiency.
  • the means for supplying inert are advantageously Gas formed such that when the inert is supplied Gas that above the melting pool Surface of the immersion tube exposed to the atmosphere is surrounded by inert gas. This can be slow Gas can be injected such that it forms a veil around the dip tube.
  • a preferably tubular hollow body be provided by the dip tube in the area above the atmosphere of the melt pool to form a preferably surrounds annular gap, the means be arranged for supplying inert gas need to be able to introduce the inert gas into the gap is.
  • the tubular hollow body does not require any heat transfer properties and no special mechanical resilience, but can specifically with regard to the corrosion behavior and the wetting properties the gas and liquid phase. Should be Wear of the hollow body can occur, this hollow body can be replaced without any special effort. The costs for such an exchange is only one Fraction of the cost of the actual dip tube.
  • the hollow body preferably surrounds the immersion tube as a whole Area of those located above the weld pool Atmosphere and protrudes into the weld pool.
  • inert gas are sufficient to cover the surface to protect the dip tube, since no mixing of the above atmosphere and the inert gas takes place.
  • the dip tube must therefore with regard its material properties do not match those above Melting bath located atmosphere are interpreted, but can with regard to its heat transfer and wetting properties as well as its corrosion behavior be matched to the weld pool.
  • a preferred embodiment is characterized in that the means for supplying inert gas are designed as a connection between the gap and / or the atmosphere located above the melting bath and the interior of the dip tube, for example as a through hole in the dip tube, that exhaust gas from the burner as inert gas can be introduced into the gap and / or into the atmosphere above the melting bath.
  • the exhaust gases generated during combustion have a significantly lower O 2 partial pressure and can therefore be used as an inert gas without any problems. Exhaust gases that contain little carbon dioxide and water are particularly suitable.
  • the size and shape of the connection must be designed so that only so much exhaust gas is injected that as little pollutants as possible are removed from the melt pool, but at the same time lower partial pressures of portions of the melt pool are achieved. Therefore, a single through hole in the dip tube may be sufficient. The exhaust gas is then distributed in the gap due to diffusion.
  • a further development of the invention is characterized in that that a second connection between the gap and / or the atmosphere above the melt pool and the interior of the dip tube for returning the in the gap and / or in the one above the melting bath Atmosphere of branched exhaust gas flow into the dip tube is provided.
  • a flow resistance is advantageously between the two connections in the exhaust stream of the immersion tube in such a way arranged that the exhaust gas of the burner can be injected into the gap is.
  • the flow resistance ensures that the gap the required amount of inert gas is always supplied.
  • a device for joint discharge is preferred of the inert gas and the exhaust gases of the immersion tube intended.
  • the constructional effort to manufacture or convert the facility is therefore only small.
  • a further development of the invention is characterized in that an opening is provided in the wall of the preferably tubular hollow body. Even with the help of small holes in the wall of the hollow body, the O 2 partial pressure on the surface of the molten pool can be kept low and oxidation processes on the surface can thus be reduced.
  • the melting tank in the area of atmosphere above the weld pool, preferably in the top or in a lid, an outlet opening provided for removing the inert gas.
  • a preferred exemplary embodiment is characterized in that that the dip tube made of a nitride-based Silicon carbide made ceramic material consists.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a section through a device for melting solid non-ferrous metals and / or to keep non-ferrous metal baths warm.
  • the furnace 1 has a melting tank 3, which is one Cover 5 is closed.
  • the melting tank 3 contains a Melting pool 7 made of a non-ferrous metal. Above the melt pool 7 is the atmosphere 9.
  • a dip tube 11 is in the middle of the melting tank 3 is arranged. The dip tube 11 almost reaches the bottom of the melting tank 3. That Dip tube 11 extends upward through an opening 13 in the lid 5 of the melting container.
  • a flame holder 15 and a flame tube 17 are arranged.
  • the dip tube 11 has a above the crucible lid 5 Inlet opening 19 for combustion air.
  • a central inlet opening 21 for Fuel gas provided at the upper end of the dip tube.
  • the inlet opening 21 is via a central fuel lance 23 connected to the flame holder 15.
  • the inlet opening 19 for the combustion air is via an annular combustion air duct 25 with the Flame holder 15 connected.
  • the ring-shaped combustion air duct 25 is inside of the fuel lance 23 and outside limited by the flame tube 17.
  • An annular exhaust duct 27 is inside the flame tube 17 and outside through the jacket 29 of the dip tube limited.
  • the exhaust duct 27 is above the Crucible lid 5 connected to an exhaust gas outlet opening 31.
  • thermal insulation 32 is arranged in the area of those above the weld pool Atmosphere 9 arranged on the inside of the dip tube jacket 29 thermal insulation 32 is arranged.
  • the thermal insulation 32 is like this arranged that they down to the area of the molten metal protrudes. The thermal insulation extends upwards 32 to over the lid 5 of the melting container 3.
  • the flame holder 15 passes through the inlet opening 21 and the fuel lance 23 fuel gas as well via the inlet opening 19 and the combustion duct 25 Combustion air supplied. Below the flame holder 15 a flame forms in the flame tube 17. That down flowing exhaust gas flows from the inside to the outside around the lower one Edge of the flame tube 17 passed around and over the outer Annular channel 27 directed upwards to the exhaust outlet 31. In the area above the flame holder 15, the exhaust gas passed outside the freshly supplied combustion air 19. This takes place above the flame holder 15 heat transfer from the exhaust gas through the flame tube 17 on the combustion air instead. The combustion air will thereby preheated.
  • Fig. 2 is a device for generating and / or Keeping a weld pool warm according to a second embodiment presented the invention.
  • a cooling channel 33 is provided.
  • the entrance opening 19 for the combustion air is not only with the combustion air duct 25, but also with the cooling duct 33 connected.
  • At the entrance of the cooling channel 33 there is a throttle valve 35 arranged.
  • the cooling channel 33 runs in the area the atmosphere 9 located above the melting bath immediately on the inside of the dip tube casing 29 below. In operation, the desired amount of as Cooling air used combustion air by appropriate setting feed the throttle valve 35.
  • the cooling air flows through the cooling channel 33 down to the end briefly below the melt pool surface.
  • FIG. 3 shows a device for generating and / or Keeping a weld pool warm according to a third embodiment the invention.
  • the facility differs from the device according to FIGS. 1 and 2, that instead of thermal insulation or the cooling system Protective tube 37, the immersion tube 29 in the atmosphere 9 surrounds to form an annular gap 39.
  • the protective tube extends into the molten pool 7. It points at its upper end a flange 41 with which it is on the edge of the opening 13 of the lid 5 of the melting container 3 lies on.
  • In the dip tube 29 are two through holes 43 and 45 are provided. Between the two through holes 43 and 45 is a flow resistance in the annular exhaust duct 27 47 arranged.
  • a partial flow of the exhaust gas in the Exhaust duct 27 occurs due to flow resistance 47 through the lower through hole 43 into the gap 39.
  • the exhaust gas flows upward in the annular gap and flows through the upper through hole 45 again with that in the exhaust duct remaining partial flow together.
  • the combined exhaust gas flow flows to the exhaust gas outlet opening 31.
  • the atmosphere in the annular gap 39 is sealed off from the atmosphere 9 located above the melting bath by the protective tube 37 immersed in the melting bath.
  • the combustion exhaust gas injected in the annular gap 39 has a significantly lower O 2 partial pressure than air and therefore serves as an inert gas.
  • the surface of the immersion tube is only in contact with this inert gas in the region of the atmosphere 9 located above the melting bath. This prevents oxidation or dross formation on the surface of the immersion tube in the atmospheric area.
  • Fig. 4 shows a device for generating and / or Keeping a weld pool warm according to a fourth embodiment the invention.
  • the facility differs 3 from the device in that the Dip tube has no through holes, but one separate inert gas inlet opening 49 and a separate one Inert gas outlet 51.
  • the inert gas inlet 49 and the inert gas outlet opening 51 are above the Lid 5 of the melting container arranged and each with connected to the annular gap 39.
  • the inert gas for example Nitrogen is supplied via the inert gas inlet opening 49 and flows through the annular gap 39.
  • the inert gas emerges then from the opposite of the inert gas inlet opening 49 Inert gas outlet opening 51 out.
  • this embodiment can oxidize in high temperatures Annular gap can be reliably avoided, which leads to caking would lead. Therefore, feeding a separate Inert gases provide particularly good protection against caking on the immersion tube in the area of the atmosphere 9.
  • Fig. 5 is a device for generating and / or Keeping a weld pool warm according to a fifth embodiment shown schematically.
  • This facility differs differs from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4 in that in the protective tube 37 just above the surface of the melting bath 7, a through hole 53 is provided is. Furthermore, the annular gap 39 is not directly with a Inert gas outlet opening connected. Instead, it is in that Cover 5 of the melting container 3 has an inert gas outlet opening 55 provided.
  • the inert gas in turn flows through the inlet opening 49 into the annular gap 39. It leaves the annular gap through the through hole 53 and reaches the atmosphere 9 located above the melting bath.
  • the inert gas flows out of the melting tank through the inert gas outlet opening 55.
  • FIG. 6 shows a device for generating and / or Keeping a weld pool warm according to the sixth embodiment the invention.
  • This facility differs differs from the device according to the fourth embodiment in that no separate inert gas outlet opening is provided. Instead, the dip tube points in the upper one A passage opening 57 in the area of the atmosphere 9. The the inert gas supplied to the annular gap 39 flows through it Through opening 57 in the annular exhaust duct 27 and is together with the exhaust gas via the exhaust gas outlet opening 31 dissipated.
  • the different embodiments can be combined with each other to create the desired one To achieve the life of the dip tube.
  • a cooling gas can also use a cooling liquid become.
  • the shape of the hollow body and the Immersion tube can also be selected oval or polygonal.
  • the number of connections between the gap and the Exhaust duct of the dip tube, between the gap and the one above atmosphere and between the flue gas duct and the one above the melting bath Atmosphere can be varied as desired.
  • the protective tube 37 be completely omitted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
EP98111930A 1997-07-03 1998-06-27 Installation pour produire et/ou maintenir un bain métallique en température Withdrawn EP0889297A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19728372 1997-07-03
DE1997128372 DE19728372A1 (de) 1997-07-03 1997-07-03 Einrichtung zum Erzeugen und/oder Warmhalten eines Schmelzbades

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0889297A1 true EP0889297A1 (fr) 1999-01-07

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EP98111930A Withdrawn EP0889297A1 (fr) 1997-07-03 1998-06-27 Installation pour produire et/ou maintenir un bain métallique en température

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EP (1) EP0889297A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19728372A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1167877A1 (fr) * 2000-06-29 2002-01-02 Gas Technology Institute Système de tube radiant annulaire avec récupérateur et culot unique
FR2878318A1 (fr) * 2004-11-22 2006-05-26 Air Liquide Echangeur de chaleur indirect
JP2015163837A (ja) * 2015-04-27 2015-09-10 東京瓦斯株式会社 流体加熱用燃焼器付熱交換器
RU2735123C2 (ru) * 2016-07-08 2020-10-28 Л'Эр Ликид, Сосьете Аноним Пур Л'Этюд Э Л'Эксплуатасьон Де Проседе Жорж Клод Способ эксплуатации печи периодического действия, включающий предварительный нагрев текучей среды выше по потоку относительно печи

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3266485A (en) * 1964-04-13 1966-08-16 C M Kemp Mfg Co Recirculating immersion heater
DE2042699A1 (de) * 1970-08-28 1972-03-02 Linde R Von Tauchbrenner
US3724447A (en) * 1971-10-27 1973-04-03 Aluminum Co Of America Immersion heater
US4203761A (en) * 1973-02-21 1980-05-20 Robert C. LeMay Process of smelting with submerged burner
US4705260A (en) * 1982-06-04 1987-11-10 Republic Steel Corporation Furnace for heating and melting zinc
EP0321611A1 (fr) * 1987-12-22 1989-06-28 Franco Andreoli Tube foyer pour tube chauffant à radiation pour four industriel
FR2632056A1 (fr) * 1988-05-30 1989-12-01 Gaz De France Procede et dispositif pour la protection contre l'oxydation de tubes echangeurs thermiques

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1179075B (de) * 1959-09-25 1964-10-01 Heinr Josef Baggeler Vorrichtung fuer die Beheizung von Metallbaedern, insbesondere Verzinkungsbaedern
DE1926290A1 (de) * 1969-05-22 1970-11-26 Kocks Gmbh Friedrich Behaelter od.dgl. mit Deckel zur Beheizung und Behandlung von Metallschmelzen unter Vakuum
DE2044570C3 (de) * 1970-09-09 1979-09-20 Otto Dr.-Ing.E.H. 5107 Simmerath Junker Tauchheizkörper für Metallschmelzbäder, insbesondere Leichtmetallschmelzbäder
US5567378A (en) * 1994-06-24 1996-10-22 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Molten metal holding furnace and method of holding molten metal within the same

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3266485A (en) * 1964-04-13 1966-08-16 C M Kemp Mfg Co Recirculating immersion heater
DE2042699A1 (de) * 1970-08-28 1972-03-02 Linde R Von Tauchbrenner
US3724447A (en) * 1971-10-27 1973-04-03 Aluminum Co Of America Immersion heater
US4203761A (en) * 1973-02-21 1980-05-20 Robert C. LeMay Process of smelting with submerged burner
US4705260A (en) * 1982-06-04 1987-11-10 Republic Steel Corporation Furnace for heating and melting zinc
EP0321611A1 (fr) * 1987-12-22 1989-06-28 Franco Andreoli Tube foyer pour tube chauffant à radiation pour four industriel
FR2632056A1 (fr) * 1988-05-30 1989-12-01 Gaz De France Procede et dispositif pour la protection contre l'oxydation de tubes echangeurs thermiques

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1167877A1 (fr) * 2000-06-29 2002-01-02 Gas Technology Institute Système de tube radiant annulaire avec récupérateur et culot unique
FR2878318A1 (fr) * 2004-11-22 2006-05-26 Air Liquide Echangeur de chaleur indirect
WO2006054015A2 (fr) * 2004-11-22 2006-05-26 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Echangeur de chaleur indirect
WO2006054015A3 (fr) * 2004-11-22 2006-08-31 Procedes Georges Claude L Air Echangeur de chaleur indirect
JP2015163837A (ja) * 2015-04-27 2015-09-10 東京瓦斯株式会社 流体加熱用燃焼器付熱交換器
RU2735123C2 (ru) * 2016-07-08 2020-10-28 Л'Эр Ликид, Сосьете Аноним Пур Л'Этюд Э Л'Эксплуатасьон Де Проседе Жорж Клод Способ эксплуатации печи периодического действия, включающий предварительный нагрев текучей среды выше по потоку относительно печи

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19728372A1 (de) 1999-01-07

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