EP0884444B1 - Entrance door for a room - Google Patents

Abstract

The door, having an outer surface which is subject to a wide range of temperatures during the year, comprises inner and outer sections (9,10) with panels (15,38), covered by insulating layers (14,37) which are joined together by their facing surfaces (20,37a). The outer edges of the insulating layers' facing surfaces are connected by identical interlocking extrusions (33,34) which allow the panels to move relative to one another in parallel planes. The extrusions are in the form of vanes lying parallel to one another and in virtual contact. At least one of the door's outer surfaces is of metal, e.g. aluminium, while the insulating layers are of a synthetic material, e.g. a polystyrene foam such as 'Styrofoam' (RTM).

Description

The present invention relates to a room entrance door. The invention applies in particular to a door which is designed to have one of its faces turned towards the interior of a room with reduced temperature differences during a year, and its other side facing outwards from said room where said deviations from temperature are higher.

We know that the face of a front door that faces inward of a room characterized by a reduced annual thermal amplitude expands only very little in the same year. On the other hand, it turns out that the face of said door which faces outwards from said room may be subject to relatively dilation important, due to outside temperatures varying for example between -10 ° C and 40 ° C in one year.

This phenomenon of expansion of the exterior face of an entrance door is further accentuated when said face is made of a metallic material, especially aluminum.

Entrance doors with metal faces are generally divided into two groups, according to their structure.

In a first group, we distinguish the most widespread doors, which consist of one or more decorative panels with trim thermally insulating which are floatingly mounted inside a door frame housing. Said frame is for example made up of profiles metal. Said panels include on each of their faces a facing metallic, for example aluminum. The thermally insulating lining of said panels is for example made of polyurethane.

These doors have the advantage of having characteristics of reduced expansion for their respective outer faces, even in response to significant annual variations in outdoor temperature. However, such doors involve a fairly high cost price and an aesthetic that leaves something to be desired.

In a second group, there are so-called monoblock doors which are usually consisting of a single panel with a thermally insulating coating which is secured to a frame, said panel and said frame having facings that form the faces of the door. Each siding is mounted directly on said frame. This is provided on its respective longitudinal edges, on the one hand, means for guiding the door in movement with respect to a frame and, on the other part, means for closing and possibly locking it in the position of closing.

A major drawback of a one-piece type door is that said outer facing, when it expands on its periphery due to variations above-mentioned annual thermal forces, exerts forces on said frame and the latter is deforms, which causes difficulties, even impossibilities of closure.

We also know entrance doors whose main structure is wood, such as in patent document GB-A-2 005 331, or consisting of insulating layer between two sheets, as in the patent document FR-A-2 505 395. This structure, which is rigid and self-supporting, is covered on its external face, of a floating facing separated from the rigid structure by a layer thermally insulating, for example an air layer.

If this particular arrangement allows the management of expansions, it does not remain unless the resulting gate is not necessarily stable and tends to deform.

Document FR 2 478 726 also discloses a door provided with interior panels and outside to which angles are fixed respectively and whose space located in them is partly filled by a composite material having a double role of thermal insulator and soundproofing, the space located between the interior and exterior panels is partially filled by plates glued on it.

We finally know from document DE 21 05 403 a soundproofing panel especially for doors and which consists of plates secured to an insulation plate by a checkerboard bonding.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a local entrance door which allows, on the one hand, to solve the problems linked to the differences in significant temperatures between its internal face and its external face, the temperature being generally subject to equally large variations and, on the other share, which is stable.

For this purpose, an entrance door according to the invention is constituted according to claim 1.

According to another characteristic of the invention, said means are constituted of identical profiles in the form of aileron which respectively comprise over their entire length and width of said faces of the two panels mounted facing each other, said fins being parallel to said faces and practically in contact with each other, of so that the fin of said outer panel can slide on the fin corresponding of said inner panel in the direction of the length and the width Door.

According to another characteristic of the invention, each fin consists of two flat sections of the same width which are parallel to the opposite faces of the said panels, said flat sections being interconnected by an oblique section.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the panels are secured with each other by means of a spacer on which the parts are fixed respective medians of said panels.

According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the panels are secured with each other by means of a layer of glue which is applied to their respective middle parts.

la Fig. 1 est une vue de face d'une porte d'entrée de local selon l'invention montée sur une huisserie,

la Fig. 2 est une vue partielle en coupe selon le plan II-II de la Fig. 1 d'une porte d'entrée selon l'invention et d'un montant de ladite huisserie,

la Fig. 3 est une vue partielle et en coupe selon le plan III-III de la Fig. 1 de ladite porte,

la Fig. 4 est une variante de réalisation de la partie de la porte représentée à la Fig. 2, et

la Fig. 5 est une variante de réalisation de la partie de la porte représentée à la Fig. 3.

The characteristics of the invention mentioned above as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment, said description being made in relation to the accompanying drawings, among which:

Fig. 1 is a front view of a room entrance door according to the invention mounted on a frame,

Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view along the plane II-II of FIG. 1 of an entrance door according to the invention and of an upright of said frame,

Fig. 3 is a partial view in section along the plane III-III of FIG. 1 of said door,

Fig. 4 is an alternative embodiment of the part of the door shown in FIG. 2, and

Fig. 5 is an alternative embodiment of the part of the door shown in FIG. 3.

There is shown in FIG. 1 an entry door 1 according to the invention comprising, on the one hand, a handle 2 provided for controlling closing means and possibly locking 3 in the closed position mounted opposite one of the uprights 4 of frame 5 and, on the other hand, means 6 for guiding the door 1 into movement relative to said frame 5 which are mounted on the other upright 7 frame 5. Said means 3 and 6 are respectively symbolized by a lock 3 and hinges 6, in the example of FIG. 1. The lintel 8 of the frame 5 which is mounted between said uprights 4 and 7.

However, the present invention also applies to a door 1 provided means 6 of another type to guide it in movement around the frame 5. The door 1 could for example be provided to be slidably mounted in guide means 6 consisting of a slide, by means of rollers of which she would be provided.

Door 1 consists of two panels 9 and 10 of substantially equal surfaces. The panel 9 consists of a covering 15 covered an insulation plate 14 forming the inner face of the door in question. Likewise, the panel 10 consists of a facing 38 covered with an insulation plate 37 forming the outer face of the door considered. We noticed that the door resulting from this constitution is stable due to its symmetrical structure.

The facing 15 is for example of wood, plastic, or metal. In the latter case, it is for example formed from an aluminum sheet. Of even, the facing 38 is either wooden, plastic or metallic, for example example formed from aluminum sheet.

The insulation plates 14 and 38 have their respective faces which are opposite to those resting on the facings 15 and 38 which are assembled so that said plates are secured to each other in superposition by a means 11 in a determined area (said means 11 is shown in dotted lines on the Fig. 1).

In the remainder of this description, the interior panel will be called and external panel the panels 9 and 10 which are respectively intended to be turned in and out of the room concerned.

There is shown in the closed position in FIG. 2 the part of door 1 which is intended to be provided with closing means 3, of which only one bolt 12 is represented.

In the embodiment shown, the interior panel 9 is made up a frame 13 on which is mounted the insulation plate 14 and the interior facing 15 which is secured to the frame 13 and the plate 14.

The frame 13 is intended to be housed in the rebate 16 of the frame 5. It is for example made up of profiles, such as aluminum profiles.

Each profile 13 has an internal part 17 of L-shaped section on which the plate 14 is intended to be mounted by one of its edges 18, by example by collage.

Each profile 13 also has an external part 19 which is mounted on one of the faces 20 of the plate 14 by extending said internal part 17 at a right angle.

The internal part 17 is formed, starting from its free end intended for to be the farthest from the plate 14, from a first section 21 of U-shaped section which extends in its soul and in one of its wings by a second section 22 of section rectangular, the width of which is equal to the height of said first section 21.

Each second section 22 is extended at right angles by a third section 23 also rectangular, which is extended on one of its faces by a fourth section 24 of U-shaped section, one of the wings of which is constituted by said face. The other wing of the fourth section 24 is provided on its external face and at an angle right of two parallel legs which form a fifth section 25 of U-shaped section.

Each first section 21 which is intended to be mounted opposite the upright 4 or lintel 8 of the frame 5 is intended to receive a seal 26. Each joint 26 is provided for pressing on the internal face 27 of the frame 5, when door 1 is in the closed position.

Each fifth section 25 is intended to be located opposite the face reentrant 28 of the corresponding rebate 16, and it is provided to receive a seal sealing 29. Each seal 29 is provided for pressing on said re-entrant face 28 of the rebate 16, when the door 1 is in the closed position.

The second and third sections 22 and 23 are provided to give the profile internal 17 corresponding to a high inertia module, which allows it to withstand significant bending stresses without significant deformation.

Note that the fourth section 24 which is intended to be located opposite of the upright 4 of the frame 5, when the door 1 is mounted thereon, includes shoulders 24a intended to receive a headrest 12a. The latter is scheduled for receive the bolt 12 of the closing means 3.

It will also be noted that the fourth section 24 which is intended to be next to the other upright 7 of the frame 5 is intended to be crossed by the guide means 6.

As can be seen in Fig. 2, the third and fourth sections 23 and 24 are characterized by a length which determines the thickness of the plate 14, so that it is mounted in contact with the entire flat face common to said sections 23 and 24.

The insulation plate 14 is made of a synthetic material, preferably a thermally insulating cellular material of the foam type polystyrene, such as Styrofoam®.

Once the plate 14 is mounted on the frame 13 via its edges 18, the facing 15 is secured, for example by gluing, on the one hand, with the two first sections 21, 22 and one face of the third section 23 of said frame 13 and, on the other hand, with the face 14a of said plate 14 mounted flush.

As can be seen in Fig. 2, the facing 15 is for example bent at right angle at each of its edges 15a, and each edge 15a is intended to match the mounting clearance near the outer face of the wing of each first section 21 opposite.

The external part 19 of each profile 13 has a flat base 30 on which is mounted, by its periphery, the part of the face 20 of the plate 14 which is adjacent to said edge 18. The base 30 is provided with a right angle tab 32 from which extends a fin 33 substantially parallel to said base 30. In this example of embodiment, the fin 33 consists of two flat sections of the same width and parallel to the base 30, which are interconnected by an oblique section.

The fin 33 is designed to cooperate with an identical fin 34 that comprises the outer panel 10 and which is connected as before to a base 35 by a tab 36.

Once the interior panel 9 has been assembled in the aforementioned manner, places the fin 34 of each base 35 on the fin 33 of each base 30 corresponding, so that said fin 34 is positioned parallel to said fin 33 while being practically in contact with it, apart from play. In addition, paw 36 of the fin 34 and the end of the fin 33 must be practically tangent, at play near.

As can be seen in Fig. 2, the flat sections of a fin 34 are found mounted precisely opposite the flat sections of the fin 33 which makes it face.

Each pair of fins 33 and 34 is intended to perform a function unique, which is to prohibit the movement of panel 10 in a direction normal to that of the panel 9, while it does not hinder the movement of the panel 10 in directions parallel to the plane of the panel 9.

Then insulating the insulating plate 37, on the one hand, with each base 35, for example by gluing and, on the other hand, with the face 20 of the insulation plate 14 by means 11. As can be seen in FIG. 3, said means 11 is for example consisting of a spacer. In this exemplary embodiment, the plates 14 and 37 are glued to said spacer 11. The latter has for example a square shape having for center that of said plates 14 and 37.

It will be noted that the insulation plate 37 preferably consists of a synthetic material which has, for example, a "honeycomb" structure. This material is intended to impart mechanical strength to the satisfactory compression to the outer panel 10. In this embodiment, the plate 37 has a thickness less than that of plate 14.

The facing 38 is then secured to said face 37b of the plate. insulation 37.

As can be seen in Fig. 2, the facing 38 has for example angled edges at right angles 38a, and each angled edge 38a is intended to fit a edge 37c of plate 37, apart from the mounting clearance. This last game is intended to create a thermal bridge in the panel 10, once the latter is assembled on the panel 9.

The door 1 according to the invention reacts in the following manner to variations in the surrounding temperature.

The interior temperature of the room to which door 1 gives access is usually between 15 ° C and 25 ° C during a year, it results of this reduced annual amplitude for the interior temperature that the facing 15 of the interior panel 9 hardly expands every year.

Regarding the exterior facing 38, it is generally subject to significant temperature differences in the same year, said temperature which can vary between -10 ° C and 40 ° C, for example. It follows that said facing 38 can expand significantly over the course of a year, unlike facing 15.

However, each fin 34 of the outer panel 10 is provided to be able to slide on the corresponding fin 33 of the inner panel 9 via the flat sections of the fins 33 and 34, this in the width and length direction of said fins 33 and 34 (see respectively arrows A and B in Figs. 1 and 2), when the facing external 38 expands.

However, the movement of each fin 34 in a normal direction in the plane of the panel 9 is hampered, due to the mounting of said fins 33 and 34 practically in contact with each other.

As a result, the periphery of the outer panel 10 can move in the same plane with respect to said interior panel 9 during expansion of the facing 38, without this expansion deforming in the long run the frame 13 of the door 1, on which are mounted the means 3 and 6 for guiding the door 1 and for closing it.

Consequently, the door 1 according to the invention does not exhibit during a same year of opening or closing faults.

It also resulted from the aforementioned sliding that the external facing 38 did not not deform in a bulging manner, as a result of a reaction force which would exert the frame 13 on its edges 38a.

Concerning the aforementioned sliding in the direction of the arrows A, it will be noted that its maximum authorized width is predefined by the width of each flat section a fin 33, 34. Indeed, the distance between two same sections of ailerons 33 and 34 opposite is provided constant due to the spacer 11, which limits sliding the aforementioned relative of said fins 32 over the width of a flat section.

Note that the use for the outer insulation plate 37 of a material of the “honeycomb” type makes it possible to impart a mechanical strength terminal to the door 1 vis-à-vis the compressive forces to which it is subjected in the position of closing.

There is shown in Figs. 4 and 5 an alternative embodiment of door 1 which has just been described. The elements relating to this variant which are identical to those mentioned above are identified by the same references.

This variant differs from the above-mentioned door 1 mainly by the shape of the inner insulation plate 14 which it comprises.

As can be seen in Fig. 4, the plate 14 has a section rectangular, except on the periphery of its face 20 which is intended to be secured with the outer insulation plate 37. Said face 20 has cutouts 39 in form of rebate on the inside faces of which are respectively intended to be mounted the bases 30 provided with the fins 33. The two plates 14 and 37 are mounted one on the other, except at the place of said cutouts 39.

It will be noted that, in this variant, the plate 37 could include the aforementioned cutouts in relation to the plate 14, the plate 14 having for its part a fully rectangular section.

According to this variant, the plates 14 and 37 are joined together by through at least one glue zone 40 centered on the respective centers of said plates 14 and 37, in the variant of FIG. 5.

It will be noted that the door 1 according to the invention could also consist of non-metallic materials. In addition, it could be provided on each of its facings 15 and 38 of decorative patterns, such as ribs or panels metal.

It will be noted that means similar to the means consisting of fins 33 and 34 could also be mounted parallel to these means, for example parallel to the height and / or parallel to the width of the door, but more towards the center of it. These means would therefore be respectively stuck to the plates insulation 14 and 37.

Claims (6)

1. Entrance door (1) for a room, the said door being fitted with means (6) to guide its movement in relation to a frame (5) on which it is intended to be mounted and means (3) to close it onto the said frame (5), the said entrance door comprising an internal panel (9) and an external panel (10) which are respectively intended to be turned towards the interior and the exterior of the room, each panel (9, 10) comprising a facing (15, 38) respectively forming the internal face and the external face of the said door and being covered with an insulation plate (14, 37), the said means (3 and 6) being mounted on the internal panel (9), the said panels (9, 10) including means (33 and 34) to enable the edges of the external panel (10) to move as a result of its thermal expansion in relation to the edges of the internal panel (9) and in a single plane parallel to that of the said internal panel (9), characterised in that the said insulation plates (14, 37) are fixed on top of one another in an area in the centre of the facing surfaces of the said insulation plates.
2. Entrance door (1) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the said means (33, 34) to enable the movement of the external panel (10) comprise identical sections in the form of flaps, which are contained along their entire length and their width by the said surfaces (20, 37a) of the said panels (9, 10) mounted facing each other, the said flaps (33, 34) being parallel to the said facing surfaces (20, 37a) and practically in contact with one another, so that each flap (34) of the external panel (10) can slide on each flap (33) of the internal panel (9) in the direction of the length and the width of the door (1).
3. Entrance door (1) according to Claim 2, characterised in that each flap (33, 34) comprises two flat sections of the same width parallel to the facing surfaces (20, 37a) of the said panels (9, 10), the said flat sections being connected to one another by an inclined section.
4. Entrance door (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the panels (9, 10) are fixed to one another by means of a spacer (11) to which the respective median parts of the said panels (9, 10) are fixed.
5. Entrance door (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the panels (9, 10) are fixed to one another by means of a layer of adhesive (40) which is applied to the respective median parts of the said panels (9, 10).
6. Entrance door (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one of the facings (15, 38) of the panels (9, 10) is metallic, for example formed from aluminium sheet.

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