EP0865592B1 - Procede et dispositif de recuperation d'energie d'un milieu renfermant des substances combustibles meme a de faibles concentrations - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de recuperation d'energie d'un milieu renfermant des substances combustibles meme a de faibles concentrations Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0865592B1
EP0865592B1 EP95943562A EP95943562A EP0865592B1 EP 0865592 B1 EP0865592 B1 EP 0865592B1 EP 95943562 A EP95943562 A EP 95943562A EP 95943562 A EP95943562 A EP 95943562A EP 0865592 B1 EP0865592 B1 EP 0865592B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
medium
combustion
energy
bed
combustible substances
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95943562A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0865592A1 (fr
Inventor
Björn Heed
Aake KÄLLSTRAND
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Megtec Systems AB
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Megtec Systems AB
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Publication date
Application filed by Megtec Systems AB filed Critical Megtec Systems AB
Publication of EP0865592A1 publication Critical patent/EP0865592A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
    • F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F23G7/066—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel preheating the waste gas by the heat of the combustion, e.g. recuperation type incinerator
    • F23G7/068—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel preheating the waste gas by the heat of the combustion, e.g. recuperation type incinerator using regenerative heat recovery means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat

Definitions

  • the subject invention relates generally to a method and a device for recovery of energy from media containing combustible substances even at low-concentrations, and more particularly to energy recovery in connection with the purification of said media by combustion of the combustible substances.
  • the combustion exchanger is defined as an apparatus comprising a heat-accumulating bed which may be heated up to the spontaneous combustion temperature of the combustible substances and in which bed the combustible substances, by reversing their direction of flow, attribute to sustaining the spontaneous combustion temperature inside the bed.
  • An apparatus of this type is described also in e.g. US-A-4,741,690.
  • the heating of the medium inside the combustion exchanger may take place by the energy released from the spontaneous combustion of the substances inside the bed. Supplementary heating thus becomes necessary only to heat the bed to the spontaneous combustion temperature when the plant is being started up or when the quantity of combustible substances is very small and insufficient to independently sustain the spontaneous combustion temperature inside the bed.
  • the amount of combustible substances in the medium is insufficient, as in the latter case mentioned above.
  • the amount of combustible substances usually is in excess of the amount required to sustain the spontaneous combustion temperature inside the bed. This leads to an increase of the heat in the bed, which in turn results in an increased demand for cooling of the bed in order to avoid damages thereto and to the surrounding area.
  • the fact that the thermal energy developed in the combustion is not recovered is a problem as such, considering the high energy costs and environmenal aspects.
  • DE 4102717 A and WO-A-90/04742 discloses a device for recovering energy from a medium containing combustible substances even at low concentrations, i.e. a reversal flow direction combustion device.
  • the combustion takes place in a warm combustion zone, said combustion zone being located in the area of the centre of a bed, and wherein said device comprising diverting means being located in the area of the centre of the bed.
  • diverting means being located in the area of the centre of the bed.
  • One purpose of the subject invention therefore is to provide an apparatus and a method allowing the surplus of thermal energy in the centre of a bed generated in the combustion in a regenerative combustor, i.e. a reversal flow direction combustion device wherein the combustion takes place in a warm zone, which preferably is a combustion exchanger, to be made use of.
  • a regenerative combustor i.e. a reversal flow direction combustion device wherein the combustion takes place in a warm zone, which preferably is a combustion exchanger, to be made use of.
  • Another purpose of the method and the apparatus according to the invention is to provide not only energy recovery but jointly therewith control of the temperature in the regenerative combustor.
  • Another purpose of the method and the apparatus according to the invention is to eliminate toxic or climate-endagering or malodorous substances by burning them.
  • Yet another purpose of the invention is to recover, from the regenerative combustor, thermal energy of such a quality that it may be used primarily for high temperature output, for instance in the production of electricity.
  • FIG. 1 schematically in a view from above illustrates an apparatus in accordance with the invention for purification of exhaust or ventilation air from a coal mine.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematical lateral view of a combustion exchanger according to the invention.
  • the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1 is used to purify a medium, in the subject case the exhaust or ventilation air from a coal mine.
  • Exhaust air of this kind usually contains combustible substances, i.a. combustible methane gas.
  • Exhaust air is carried from a mine shaft 1 via a fan 2 and a valve 3 to a stack 4, or, via a fan 5 to a stack 6 when the inventive apparatus, generally designated by reference 7, is not used.
  • the device 7 comprises four combustion exchangers, the exchangers being designated generally by references 8, 8 I , 8 II , 8 III , 8 IV , but it could of course include a larger or smaller number of combustion exchangers, depending on the field of usage.
  • each combustion exchanger 8 Via a process fan 9, which is common to all the combustion exchangers, and a valve 10, one for each combustion exchanger, each combustion exchanger 8 is connected to a plurality of inlet ducts 11 and a plurality of outlet ducts 12.
  • Each inlet duct 11 and each outlet duct 12 is equipped with a damping device, generally designated by references 13 and 14, respectively.
  • a valve 15 one for each combustion exchanger 8
  • the outlet ducts 12 lead to the stack 6.
  • the single fan 9 can also be replaced by e.g. four fans, one each for each combustion exchanger.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematical cross-sectional view through a combustion exchanger 8.
  • the damping devices 13 and 14 are formed with dampers 18 and 19, respectively, which are movable vertically between two sealing positions in which each damper sealingly abuts against its channels 16 and 17, respectively.
  • the two dampers 18 and 19 never seal off the same channel and in the position illustrated in continuous lines the damper 18 seals off the entrance 20 to channel 17 whereas the damper 19 seals off the exit 21 from channel 16. Consequently, the medium containing combustible substances is carried via the inlet duct 11 through the entrance 22 of channel 16 into the bed 23 of the combustion exchanger wherein the substances are burnt in a manner known per se, whereupon the flow continues out through channel 17 and through its exit 24 to the outlet duct 12.
  • valves 10, 15 may be used to stop the flow to and from a combustion exchanger, for instances during servicing, for repairs and the like. It is further understood that valve 3 could be a valve which, depending on the flow through the fan 9, opens or closes the flow to the stack 4 in order to ensure that the shaft 1 is always ventilated, independently of the flow through the device 7.
  • the area of the centre of the bed 23 there is a heating device 27, which could be electrically heated, with the aid of which the bed could be heated to the spontaneous combustion temperature of the combustible substances, for instance when the combustion exchanger is to be started up.
  • the diverting means 28 is a perforated tube extending along the bed 23 of the combustion zone but could also be configured differently, for instance as a means arranged to suck medium directly through the wall 29 of the bed 23.
  • the diverting means 28 is in turn connected to a steam boiler 30, illustrated schematically in Fig. 1. Medium diverted by the diverting means 28 is carried through the steam boiler 30 to the stack 6 via a fan 31 which compensates for the pressure drop inside the boiler.
  • the spontaneous combustion temperature in the combustion exchanger is approximately 1000°C in accordance with the embodiment described, according to which the combustible substance preferably consists of methane gas emanating from a coal mine, medium diverted directly from the combustion zone may be efficiently made use of in the steam boiler 30 to generate electric energy by using a steam turbine and a generator.
  • This electric energy could be used in accordance with the embodiment above for instance to operate one fan or several fans 2, 5, 9 and 31.
  • the amount of medium diverted by the diverting device 28 could be used to control the temperature inside the bed 23 in order to avoid that the combustion zone becomes too wide and for instance comes into contact with the bed-surrounding housing, which in itself could involve risks for burns and also unnecessary energy losses.
  • the inventive device it is also easy to control the diverted energy by varying the diverted flow in order to compensate for any variations in the amounts of combustible substance in the media moving through the bed 23.
  • the combustion process is also very clean, since no prompt and/or thermal NO x is produced in a flame during the combustion.
  • the number of combustion exchangers 8 as also the number of diverting means 28 in each bed 23 could be varied.
  • the damping devices 13, 14 obviously could be configured differently as to details from those shown as long as they produce a change of flow direction inside the bed 23.
  • the channels 16, 17 could be differently shaped and could for instance consist of perforated tubes arranged inside the bed 23, a combustion zone being established between them, for instance as described in the Swedish Patent Specification 9103634-3. It is also understood that instead of a combustion exchanger, any regenerative combustor could be used.
  • the heating medium could of course also be used to produce other forms of energy than electric energy and the diverting means 28 could in this case also be connected to other types of energy-production installations than a steam boiler 30.
  • the heated medium could be used to heat another medium, such as water, in which case the thermal energy in said second medium is instead used for instance in a district heating system.
  • the thermal energy of the heated medium could in this case be recovered by means of a diverting means in the form of at least one pipe which allows a corresponding flow of the second medium and which is disposed inside the combustion zone of a regenerative combustor, preferably the bed (23) of a combustion exchanger.
  • the device and method according to the invention are not either limited to use in mining operations but could also be used for instance in ventilation installations in the production of paints, in printing works, coating and lamination processes, the production of chemicals and pharmaceutical products, animal breeding installations, digestion plants, at waste deposits, and in the production of plastics and tyres, in other words in connection with such plants and processes wherein some kind of hydrocarbon compounds, such as solvents, styrene, plastic smokes, fumes from fuel tanks, fumes from fish-processing industries, diesel-engine or natural-gas soot, or combustible inorganic substances, i.e. carbon monoxide, e.g. from production of electric-furnace steel, or hydrogen, e.g.
  • hydrocarbon compounds such as solvents, styrene, plastic smokes, fumes from fuel tanks, fumes from fish-processing industries, diesel-engine or natural-gas soot, or combustible inorganic substances, i.e. carbon monoxide,
  • the medium to be transferred through the regenerative combustor which preferably is a combustion exchanger. All kinds of combustible substances, i.e. also malodorous or toxic emanations from various processes or from degassifications or gas escapes can be efficiently eliminated from the medium whilst generating energy. It is also easily understood that the invention need not be used in combination with the stacks 4, 6, the fans 2, 5 or the valve 3 as illustrated in Fig. 1, but that it could instead be used in any installation wherein the medium meets with the above-mentioned requirements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Appareil (8) pour la récupération d'énergie dans un milieu contenant des substances combustibles même à de faibles concentrations qui est un appareil à combustion à direction de flux réversible (8), la combustion ayant lieu dans une zone chaude de combustion, ladite zone de combustion se situant au centre d'un lit (23), ledit appareil (8) qui comporte différents moyens de déviation (28) étant placé dans la zone centrale du lit (23) et étant connecté à une installation de production d'énergie,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les moyens de déviation comprennent au moins un tube perforé (28) qui est positionné dans la zone de combustion à l'intérieur du lit (23).
  2. Appareil (8) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'installation de production d'énergie est une chaudière à vapeur (30) suivie d'une turbine et d'un générateur.
  3. Méthode pour la récupération d'énergie d'un milieu contenant des substances combustibles même à de faibles concentrations en utilisant un appareil (8) selon n'importe quelle revendication précédente, comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    élévation de la température du milieu dans l'appareil (8) dans la zone chaude de combustion à la température de combustion à laquelle, par essence même, toute énergie chimique des substances combustibles est transformée en énergie thermique,
    déviation d'au moins une fraction du milieu chauffé directement de la zone de combustion par les moyens de déviation (28) après la combustion des substances combustibles pour la production d'une forme désirée d'énergie.
  4. Méthode selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisée par
    l'utilisation du milieu dévié dans une chaudière à vapeur (30), suivie d'une turbine et d'un générateur, pour la production d'énergie électrique.
  5. Méthode selon une des revendications 3 et 4,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le milieu est un gaz.
  6. Méthode selon une des revendications 3 à 5
    caractérisée en ce que
    le milieu est un gaz minier provenant d'opérations minières.
  7. Méthode selon une des revendications 3 à 5
    caractérisée en ce que
    le milieu est un gaz de digestion provenant d'une usine de digestion.
  8. Méthode selon une des revendications 3 à 5
    caractérisée en ce que
    le milieu est un gaz d'échappement d'une usine de production.
  9. Méthode selon une des revendications 3 à 5,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le milieu est un gaz d'échappement d'un établissement de production animale, c'est-à-dire une installation d'élevage.
  10. Méthode selon une des revendications 3 à 5,
    caractérisés en ce que
    le milieu est un mélange de substance combustible dans l'air provenant de n'importe quel type d'échappements, suintements ou fuites de gaz, c'est-à-dire fuites de gaz naturel, hors de la terre.
  11. Méthode selon une des revendications 3 à 5,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le milieu est un mélange de substance combustible dans l'air provenant de n'importe quel type d'échappements ou fuites d'un traitement industriel, c'est-à-dire des pertes par évaporation provenant du traitement, du stockage ou de la distribution de substances combustibles.
EP95943562A 1995-12-08 1995-12-08 Procede et dispositif de recuperation d'energie d'un milieu renfermant des substances combustibles meme a de faibles concentrations Expired - Lifetime EP0865592B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SE1995/001476 WO1997021959A1 (fr) 1995-12-08 1995-12-08 Procede et dispositif de recuperation d'energie d'un milieu renfermant des substances combustibles meme a de faibles concentrations
CA002238096A CA2238096C (fr) 1995-12-08 1995-12-08 Procede et dispositif de recuperation d'energie d'un milieu renfermant des substances combustibles meme a de faibles concentrations
CNB951979981A CN1145757C (zh) 1995-12-08 1995-12-08 从含易燃物质的介质中回收能量的方法和装置
PL95328697A PL181258B1 (pl) 1995-12-08 1995-12-08 Urządzenie do odzysku energii z czynnika zawierającego substancje palne, nawet w małych stężeniach

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0865592A1 EP0865592A1 (fr) 1998-09-23
EP0865592B1 true EP0865592B1 (fr) 2002-08-28

Family

ID=27427438

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95943562A Expired - Lifetime EP0865592B1 (fr) 1995-12-08 1995-12-08 Procede et dispositif de recuperation d'energie d'un milieu renfermant des substances combustibles meme a de faibles concentrations

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0865592B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1145757C (fr)
CA (1) CA2238096C (fr)
IL (1) IL119728A (fr)
PL (1) PL181258B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997021959A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6261092B1 (en) * 2000-05-17 2001-07-17 Megtec Systems, Inc. Switching valve
US6749815B2 (en) 2001-05-04 2004-06-15 Megtec Systems, Inc. Switching valve seal
US7325562B2 (en) 2002-05-07 2008-02-05 Meggec Systems, Inc. Heated seal air for valve and regenerative thermal oxidizer containing same
US6669472B1 (en) 2002-08-28 2003-12-30 Megtec Systems, Inc. Dual lift system
US7150446B1 (en) 2002-08-28 2006-12-19 Megtec Systems, Inc. Dual lift system
JP2010532909A (ja) * 2007-03-06 2010-10-14 セラムテック アクチエンゲゼルシャフト 空気／溶剤混合物を燃料電池システムおよび回収ユニットで環境保護的に除去するための方法
CN101766952B (zh) * 2009-12-30 2012-11-21 山东理工大学 煤矿乏风瓦斯热氧化装置的气流换向控制方法
CN102200285A (zh) * 2011-03-22 2011-09-28 创新工程方案有限公司 工业废气的动态氧化

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3312863C2 (de) * 1983-04-09 1986-12-04 Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich Brennkammer zum Verbrennen von Abgasen
DK161037C (da) * 1988-10-17 1991-10-28 Haldor Topsoe As Fremgangsmaade og anlaeg til kontinuerligt at rense en oxygenholdig gas for braendbare forureninger
DE4102717A1 (de) * 1990-01-30 1991-08-01 Ltg Lufttechnische Gmbh Regenerativ-reaktor zum verbrennen von industriellen abgasen
SE500521C2 (sv) * 1991-12-09 1994-07-11 Bjoern Heed Förbränningsanordning innefattande en stationär bädd med värmeackumulerande och värmeväxlande egenskaper

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1145757C (zh) 2004-04-14
CA2238096A1 (fr) 1997-06-19
CN1205071A (zh) 1999-01-13
IL119728A0 (en) 1997-03-18
WO1997021959A1 (fr) 1997-06-19
CA2238096C (fr) 2008-02-12
EP0865592A1 (fr) 1998-09-23
PL181258B1 (pl) 2001-06-29
PL328697A1 (en) 1999-02-15
IL119728A (en) 2000-10-31

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