EP0851532B1 - Doppelantenne, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeug - Google Patents

Doppelantenne, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0851532B1
EP0851532B1 EP97403142A EP97403142A EP0851532B1 EP 0851532 B1 EP0851532 B1 EP 0851532B1 EP 97403142 A EP97403142 A EP 97403142A EP 97403142 A EP97403142 A EP 97403142A EP 0851532 B1 EP0851532 B1 EP 0851532B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
coaxial cable
transformer
antenna
impedance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97403142A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0851532A1 (de
Inventor
Frédéric Ngo Bui Hung
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thales SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR9616113A external-priority patent/FR2758011A1/fr
Application filed by Thales SA filed Critical Thales SA
Publication of EP0851532A1 publication Critical patent/EP0851532A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0851532B1 publication Critical patent/EP0851532B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to dual antennas, for fixed stations or vehicles and, in particular, but not exclusively, the antennas intended for vehicles on wheels and whose frequencies work fall in the VHF / UHF band commonly called VHF and UHF bands according to their acronym in the literature Anglo-Saxon.
  • double antenna an antenna made of several radiating elements and arranged to operate in transmission and / or reception in a first frequency band with a first arrangement of the radiating elements and in a second frequency band with a second arrangement; some of these antennas can be used simultaneously in both bands frequencies.
  • the object of the present invention is to avoid or, at the very least, to reduce this drawback in dual two-port antennas.
  • the antenna according to the invention to supply the unipolar antenna with a secondary transformer connected in series with the radiating element of the unipolar antenna.
  • a double antenna is thus proposed, in particular for a vehicle, characterized in that it comprises: a plane of mass pierced by an orifice, with on one side of the ground plane the space outside the vehicle and on the other side a protected space; a cable coaxial which crosses the orifice, with a first end in space outside the vehicle and a second end in the protected space, the cable forming turns between the orifice and its second end; a connection between the external conductor of the cable and the ground plane at second end level; a radiating element of the dipole type, connected, to be powered, at the second end of the cable; a transformer whose secondary includes the external conductor of turns; an impedance of value equal to the characteristic impedance of the cable ; a power cable; and switching means for, either connect the power cable to the second end of the cable coaxial or couple the power cable to the transformer primary and simultaneously connect the second end of the impedance to the internal conductor of the second end of the coaxial cable.
  • a double antenna is also proposed, in particular for a vehicle, characterized in that it comprises: a ground plane pierced with an orifice, with one side of the ground plane the space outside the vehicle and on the other side a protected space; a coaxial cable passing through the orifice, with a first end in space outside the vehicle and a second end in space protected, the cable forming turns between the orifice and its second end; a connection between the external conductor of the cable and the plane of mass at the second end; a radiant element of dipole type, connected, to be powered, at the second end of the cable ; a transformer whose secondary includes the conductor external of the turns; an impedance of value equal to the impedance cable characteristic; a first and a second cable food; and connection means to authorize a coupling between the first cable and the transformer primary, between the second cable and the second end of the coaxial cable and between the second end of the impedance and the internal conductor of the second end of the coaxial cable.
  • Figure 1 shows an antenna with switchable elements. For a better understanding of the drawing, the relationships between dimensions have not been observed in this figure.
  • the antenna which served as an example for the description which follows track is an antenna intended to operate in the 30-400 band MHz.
  • the antenna is shown as it is mounted on the roof metallic, M, seen in section, of a vehicle. It includes, under the roof M, a metal case B, seen in section and the content of which will be described more far ; on the roof M, the antenna has radiating elements protected by a radome 3.
  • the radiating elements include a skirted dipole, 1, and a conductive cylindrical section, 20, consisting of the outer conductor of the top of a flexible coaxial cable 2; this coaxial cable passes through the roof M and the lower part is contained in the housing B; cable 2 passes through the roof through a hole circular, with an insulating ring 30 between the cable and the edges of the hole.
  • the radome made of dielectric material transparent to waves electromagnetic, keeps the radiating elements in position vertical and makes them integral with the housing B.
  • the roof M and the housing B constitute a counterweight for the antenna, i.e. a set of conductors which provides the antenna, isolated from the ground, with a mass reference.
  • the skirted dipole 1 has a vertical conductive bar 11 for its upper part and a skirt 12, formed by a conductive tube with a bottom pierced with a hole, for its lower part.
  • This dipole is fed in its center by the coaxial cable 2; for that the driver internal 21 of the cable is connected, at its upper end, to the end bottom of the vertical bar 11 and the metal braid which constitutes the outer conductor of the cable is connected to the edges of the hole drilled in the bottom of the skirt 12.
  • the skirt 12 has only been shown by its traces in the drawing plane, so that you can see how the coaxial cable 2 is connected, at its upper end, to the dipole 1.
  • Cable 2 after having crossed the roof M to enter the case B, wraps around a ferromagnetic core 5 forming a coil 22 then, towards its lower end, has its external conductor connected to box B and its internal conductor connected to the fourth access of a switch, 7, with five ports and two positions.
  • Switch 7 is a mechanical switch whose electric control is shown by a broken dashed line 70.
  • the first access of switch 7 is connected to the internal conductor of a coaxial power cable 8 which, coming from outside the housing B, leads to a hole drilled in this housing; the metallic braid of external conductor of the cable 8 is welded to the walls of this hole.
  • the second access of switch 7 is connected, through a resistor 6, to the housing B.
  • the third access is connected, at a point P of the coil 22, to the external conductor of cable 2 and the fifth access is not logged. In its high position, as shown in Figure 1, the switch 7 connects its first access to its third access and its second access to its fourth access while in its position low, it connects its first access to its fourth access and its second access to his fifth access.
  • the conductors cables 2 and 8 are always interconnected by through the housing B which serves as a mass reference; however the internal conductor of cable 8 is connected at a point P of the conductor external of the coil 22.
  • the external conductor of the coil 22, with the core 5, constitutes an autotransformer with: a common point connected to ground, a primary located between ground and point P and a secondary located between the mass and the section 20 which was discussed further during the designation of the radiating elements of the antenna.
  • the signal supplied by the cable 8 is applied to the outer conductor of cable 2.
  • resistance 6 is chosen, purposely, equal to the characteristic impedance of the transmission line constituted by the coaxial cable 2; and when the switch 7 connects this resistor to the lower end of cable 2, line theory shows that everything is electrically as if the resistor were connected between the upper ends of the inner and outer conductors of the cable 2.
  • the pattern radio antenna can be drawn as shown on the figure 2.
  • the influence of the skirt 12 of the dipole 1 has been represented by an impedance, 12 ', placed at the end bottom of the skirt. At the frequencies of use considered this impedance is selfic and of negligible value.
  • the influence of resistor 6 discussed above is represented by a resistance 6 'equal to resistance 6 and placed between elements 11 and 12.
  • the antenna in its configuration according to FIG. 2, is a unipolar antenna charged by a 12 'inductor which has only one role negligible, and by a 6 'resistor which helps to reduce the overvoltage of this unipolar antenna and therefore to broaden its bandwidth.
  • This unipolar antenna has, at the level of its foot, a ground plane M constituted by the roof of the vehicle, and is powered at its foot thanks to the autotransformer 22-5 on the primary of which the cable is connected supply 8.
  • the antenna radio diagram can be drawn as shown in figure 3.
  • the antenna in its configuration according to FIG. 3, is a dipole 11-12 fed in its center by cables 8, 2 placed end to end.
  • Curves A2 and A1 represent the current distribution which circulates respectively in the unipolar antenna 20, 12, 11 according to the figure 2 and in dipole 11-12 according to figure 3.
  • Figure 4 is the diagram of a first variant on the antenna according to Figure 1. It is a two-port antenna on which two transmitters and / or receivers can be connected respectively but only one of these two transmitters and / or receivers can operate at that time.
  • the antenna according to FIG. 4 is not distinguished from that according to the Figure 1 only by a 7 'switch whose wiring is different from that of switch 7, and by the presence of two coaxial cables supply 8a, 8b instead of one.
  • the 7 'switch is a mechanical switch with two positions and five accesses in service; its electric control is figured by a broken arrows 70 '.
  • the switch 7 In the high position, as shown in Figure 4, the switch 7 'leaves cable 8a without connection to the antenna, but via its third and fourth access, ensures a connection of the internal conductor of cable 8b with the lower end of the conductor internal of cable 2, that is to say with the high frequency dipole antenna.
  • the switch leaves the cable 8b without connection with the antenna but, via its first and second access, ensures connection of cable 8a with point P, that is to say with the primary of the unipolar antenna power supply autotransformer low frequency.
  • the switch 7 ' via its third and fifth access, connect resistor 6 to the end bottom of the cable's internal conductor 2.
  • Figure 5 is the diagram of a second variant on the antenna according to Figure 1. It is a two-port antenna on which two transmitters and / or receivers can be connected respectively with, this time, possibility of simultaneous operation of the two transmitters and / or receivers.
  • the antenna according to FIG. 5 is not distinguished from that according to the Figure 1 that by the absence of the switch, replaced by a duplexer 9, by the presence of two coaxial supply cables 8a, 8b and by specific wiring at the cables and duplexer level. Compared on the antenna according to FIG. 4 where the switching was a switching in space using the 7 'switch, this is a switching in frequencies using the duplexer 9.
  • the cables 8a, 8b come from outside the housing B, lead respectively into two holes drilled in this housing and have the metallic braid of their external conductor which is soldered to the housing wall while their internal conductors extend respectively to point P by a direct link 90 and to the first input of a duplexer 9, the other input of which is connected to the resistance 6; the output of the duplexer 9 is connected to the lower end of the internal conductor of cable 2 and the earth of the duplexer is connected to the housing B.
  • duplexer 9 everything happens as if it were the resistor 6 which was connected for low frequencies, i.e. for the unipolar antenna, whereas for the high frequencies, that is to say for the operating frequencies of the dipole antenna, everything is goes on as if cable 8b was connected. It should be noted that the operation of the duplexer requires that the frequency band high and low frequencies are separated from each other by the duplex difference specific to the duplexer used.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Doppelantenne, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeug, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie folgendes aufweist: eine Masseebene (M), die mit einer Öffnung versehen ist, mit auf einer Seite der Masseebene dem Raum außerhalb des Fahrzeugs und auf der anderen Seite einem geschützten Raum; ein Koaxialkabel (2), das die Öffnung durchquert, mit einem ersten Ende im Raum außerhalb des Fahrzeugs und einem zweiten Ende im geschützten Raum, wobei das Kabel zwischen der Öffnung und seinem zweiten Ende Windungen (22) bildet; eine Verbindung zwischen dem Außenleiter des Kabels und der Masseebene auf der Höhe des zweiten Endes; ein strahlendes Element des Typs Dipol (1), das zur Versorgung mit dem ersten Ende des Kabels verbunden ist; einen Transformator (5, 22), dessen Sekundärwicklung den Außenleiter der Windungen umfaßt; eine Impedanz (6) mit einem Wert gleich der charakteristischen Impedanz des Kabels; ein Versorgungskabel (8); und Mittel zum Umschalten entweder zum Koppeln des Versorgungskabels mit dem zweiten Ende des Koaxialkabels oder zum Koppeln des Versorgungskabels mit der Primärwicklung des Transformators und gleichzeitigen Verbinden des zweiten Endes der Impedanz mit dem Innenleiter des zweiten Endes des Koaxialkabels.
  2. Doppelantenne, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeug, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie folgendes aufweist; eine Masseebene (M), die mit einer Öffnung versehen ist, mit auf einer Seite der Masseebene dem Raum außerhalb des Fahrzeugs und auf der anderen Seite einem geschützten Raum; ein Koaxialkabel (2), das die Öffnung durchquert, mit einem ersten Ende im Raum außerhalb des Fahrzeugs und einem zweiten Ende im geschützten Raum, wobei das Kabel zwischen der Öffnung und seinem zweiten Ende Windungen (22) bildet; eine Verbindung zwischen dem Außenleiter des Kabels und der Masseebene auf der Höhe des zweiten Endes; ein strahlendes Element des Typs Dipol (1), das zur Versorgung mit dem ersten Ende des Kabels verbunden ist; einen Transformator (5, 22), dessen Sekundärwicklung den Außenleiter der Windungen umfaßt; eine Impedanz (6) mit einem Wert gleich der charakteristischen Impedanz des Kabels; ein erstes (8a) und ein zweites Versorgungskabel(8b); und Mittel (7'; 9, 90) zur Verzweigung zum Gestatten einer Kopplung zwischen dem ersten Kabel (8a) und der Primärwicklung des Transformators, zwischen dem zweiten Kabel (8b) und dem zweiten Ende des Koaxialkabels (2) und zwischen dem zweiten Ende der Impedanz (6) und dem Innenleiter des zweiten Endes des Koaxialkabels (2).
  3. Antenne nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zur Verzweigung eine Vorrichtung (7') zum Umschalten in dem Raum aufweisen, um unter der Steuerung eines Steuersignals (70') entweder die Kopplung zwischen dem ersten Kabel (8a) und der Primärwicklung des Transformators und die Kopplung zwischen der Impedanz (6) und dem zweiten Ende des Koaxialkabels (2) oder die Kopplung zwischen dem zweiten Kabel (8b) und dem zweiten Ende des Koaxialkabels (2) zu bewirken.
  4. Antenne nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zur Verzweigung eine direkte Verbindung (90) zwischen dem ersten Kabel (8a) und der Primärwicklung des Transformators und eine Vorrichtung (9) zum Frequenzumschalten gemäß aufweisen, um in einem ersten Frequenzband die Kopplung zwischen der Impedanz (6) und dem zweiten Ende des Koaxialkabels (2) zu bewirken und in einem zweiten Frequenzband die Kopplung zwischen dem zweiten Kabel (8b) und dem zweiten Ende des Koaxialkabels (2) zu bewirken.
  5. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Koaxialkabel (2) ein biegsames Kabel ist und daß sie eine starre Antennenkuppel (3) umfaßt, die mit der Masseebene (M) verbunden ist und das strahlende Element des Typs Dipol (1) sowie den Teil des Koaxialkabels (2), der sich im Raum außerhalb des Fahrzeug befindet, umgibt.
  6. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das strahlende Element des Typs Dipol (1) ein Manteldipol ist.
  7. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Transformator (5, 22) ein Autotransformator ist, dessen Primärwicklung aus einem Teil des Außenleiters der Windungen (22) besteht.
  8. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Transformator (5, 22) einen ferromagnetischen Kern (5) aufweist, um den die Windungen (22) gewickelt sind.
EP97403142A 1996-12-27 1997-12-23 Doppelantenne, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeug Expired - Lifetime EP0851532B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9616113A FR2758011A1 (fr) 1996-12-27 1996-12-27 Antenne a large bande, en particulier pour vehicule
FR9616113 1996-12-27
FR9713099 1997-10-20
FR9713099A FR2758012B1 (fr) 1996-12-27 1997-10-20 Antenne double, en particulier pour vehicule

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0851532A1 EP0851532A1 (de) 1998-07-01
EP0851532B1 true EP0851532B1 (de) 2002-09-11

Family

ID=26233220

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97403142A Expired - Lifetime EP0851532B1 (de) 1996-12-27 1997-12-23 Doppelantenne, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeug

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5977920A (de)
EP (1) EP0851532B1 (de)
AU (1) AU4926797A (de)
CA (1) CA2225368A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69715362T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2758012B1 (de)
IL (1) IL122619A (de)
NO (1) NO976107L (de)
PL (1) PL323980A1 (de)

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FR2790872B1 (fr) 1999-03-12 2003-05-30 Thomson Csf Antenne demontable, a charge capacitive, de type fouet et procede de fabrication d'un segment rayonnant d'une telle antenne
DE19944505C2 (de) * 1999-09-16 2001-10-18 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Antenne für den Empfang von Satellitensignalen und terrestrischen Signalen und Antennenmodifikationsvorrichtung
US6329951B1 (en) * 2000-04-05 2001-12-11 Research In Motion Limited Electrically connected multi-feed antenna system
FR2818018B1 (fr) 2000-12-12 2003-02-14 Thomson Csf Antenne rayonnante a isolation galvanique
CA2381043C (en) 2001-04-12 2005-08-23 Research In Motion Limited Multiple-element antenna
FR2829622B1 (fr) * 2001-09-11 2004-04-09 Thales Sa Systeme antennaire a rendement elevee et a forte puissance
FR2837988B1 (fr) * 2002-03-26 2008-06-20 Thales Sa Systeme antennaire bi-bande vhf-uhf
CA2489837C (en) * 2002-06-21 2008-09-09 Research In Motion Limited Multiple-element antenna with parasitic coupler
US6791500B2 (en) 2002-12-12 2004-09-14 Research In Motion Limited Antenna with near-field radiation control
CA2414718C (en) 2002-12-17 2005-11-22 Research In Motion Limited Dual mode antenna system for radio transceiver
ATE375012T1 (de) 2003-05-14 2007-10-15 Research In Motion Ltd Mehrbandantenne mit streifenleiter- und schlitzstrukturen
EP1912279B1 (de) * 2003-06-12 2011-01-05 Research In Motion Limited Mehrelement-Antenne mit schwimmenden parasitären Antennenelement
CA2435900C (en) * 2003-07-24 2008-10-21 Research In Motion Limited Floating conductor pad for antenna performance stabilization and noise reduction
DE10341964A1 (de) * 2003-09-11 2005-05-12 Hirschmann Electronics Gmbh Antenne für den DVB-T-Empfang
US7200373B2 (en) * 2003-09-15 2007-04-03 Silicon Laboratories Inc. Antenna detection and diagnostic system and related method
US7053843B2 (en) 2004-01-20 2006-05-30 Sierra Wireless, Inc. Multi-band antenna system
FR2866988B1 (fr) 2004-02-27 2006-06-02 Thales Sa Antenne a tres large bande v-uhf
US7369089B2 (en) * 2004-05-13 2008-05-06 Research In Motion Limited Antenna with multiple-band patch and slot structures
DE102009015699A1 (de) * 2008-10-30 2010-05-06 Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co. Kg Breitband-Antenne
FR2943183B1 (fr) * 2009-03-13 2012-04-20 Thales Sa Antenne bi-voie large bande vhf-uhf
CA2666896A1 (en) * 2009-05-27 2010-11-27 Valcom Manufacturing Group Inc. Multiple-band collinear dipole antenna
FR3059437B1 (fr) * 2016-11-30 2019-01-25 Continental Automotive France Procede de diagnostic d'un lien de communication dans un vehicule automobile

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EP0227804A1 (de) * 1985-06-27 1987-07-08 SHUBERT, Richard Axiale mehrpolige fahrzeugantenne
DE3826777A1 (de) * 1988-08-06 1990-02-08 Kathrein Werke Kg Axiale zweibereichsantenne
US5216434A (en) * 1989-05-18 1993-06-01 Nec Corporation Diversity receiving apparatus
DE4007824C2 (de) * 1990-03-12 1996-06-20 Lindenmeier Heinz Fahrzeugantenne für Funkdienste mit einem stabförmigen Antennenelement
GB2243975A (en) * 1990-05-11 1991-11-13 Gen Electric Co Plc Radio receiver antenna systems
FR2678437B1 (fr) * 1991-06-28 1994-01-28 France Telecom Antenne mixte pour reception de signaux emis simultanement par satellite et par stations terrestres, notamment pour la reception de signaux de radiodiffusion sonore numerique.
US5311201A (en) * 1991-09-27 1994-05-10 Tri-Band Technologies, Inc. Multi-band antenna
DE4321233A1 (de) * 1992-11-03 1994-05-05 Siemens Ag lambda/2-Antenne
US5751253A (en) * 1995-09-11 1998-05-12 Wells; Donald Horace Antenna coupling system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0851532A1 (de) 1998-07-01
DE69715362T2 (de) 2003-04-30
DE69715362D1 (de) 2002-10-17
FR2758012A1 (fr) 1998-07-03
NO976107L (no) 1998-06-29
US5977920A (en) 1999-11-02
PL323980A1 (en) 1998-07-06
IL122619A (en) 2000-12-06
NO976107D0 (no) 1997-12-29
AU4926797A (en) 1998-07-02
FR2758012B1 (fr) 1999-05-28
IL122619A0 (en) 1998-08-16
CA2225368A1 (en) 1998-06-27

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