EP2422403B1 - Breitbandige mehrfachantenne mit geringem querschnitt - Google Patents

Breitbandige mehrfachantenne mit geringem querschnitt Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2422403B1
EP2422403B1 EP10706982.5A EP10706982A EP2422403B1 EP 2422403 B1 EP2422403 B1 EP 2422403B1 EP 10706982 A EP10706982 A EP 10706982A EP 2422403 B1 EP2422403 B1 EP 2422403B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
core
dipole
sheath
cable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10706982.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2422403A1 (de
EP2422403B9 (de
Inventor
Frédéric Ngo Bui Hung
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
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Thales SA
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Publication of EP2422403A1 publication Critical patent/EP2422403A1/de
Publication of EP2422403B1 publication Critical patent/EP2422403B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2422403B9 publication Critical patent/EP2422403B9/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • H01Q21/10—Collinear arrangements of substantially straight elongated conductive units
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/321—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors within a radiating element or between connected radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines

Definitions

  • the object of the invention relates to multiple antennas, used in particular, for radio communication equipment.
  • the antennas according to the invention apply, for example, to equip vehicles and for a frequency band varying from 225 to 400 MHz. They can be spatial diversity, all antenna elements constituting the antenna then operating in the same frequency range.
  • the antennas may also consist of several antenna elements operating in different frequency bands from each other. The position of the different antenna elements forming the antenna, relative to each other, depends on the application.
  • An antenna according to the invention may be in the form of whip, better known by the English expression "low profile", provide at least two independent inputs or power supply, maintain an omnidirectional coverage and be predisposed to signal processing of space diversity type.
  • the expression "low profile” corresponds to the transverse dimensions of the antenna itself, that is to say its section.
  • Figures 1A and 1B represent an antenna system consisting of a first dipole 1 composed of an upper radiating element 1s and a lower radiating element 1b having the shape of a skirt, a second dipole 2, placed collinearly at the dipole 1 and composed of an upper radiating element 2s in the form of a counter skirt (upside-down skirt) and a lower element 2b also having the skirt-like shape, of a first coaxial cable 3 passing through the assembly 2b, 2s, 1b and feeding the dipole 1 by the electrical connections of its core 5 with the element 1s and its sheath 6 with the element 1b, a second coaxial cable 4 feeding the dipole 2 by the electrical connections of its soul 7 to a quarter wave trap 9, usually designated by its English terminology "stub" level point A and its sheath 8 with the element 2b.
  • This antenna system consists of a first dipole 1 composed of an upper radiating element 1s connected to the core 11 of a multiaxial line 12 and a lower radiating element 1b connected to the sheath 12 1 of the multiaxial line. , a second dipole 2 composed of an upper radiating element 2s connected to the sheath 12 1 at the point 10 and a lower radiating element 2b connected to the sheath 12 2 of the multiaxial line 12.
  • a system s' it is effective, but has the disadvantage of having to implement, to cover a wide frequency band, thick radiating elements, for example, cone sections, discs, etc.
  • One of the objectives of the invention is to provide an antenna system capable of covering a wide frequency band from thin radiating elements and therefore of low profile.
  • the structure of said present antenna makes it possible to feed dipoles in collinear arrangement without resorting to "stubs" whose transverse dimensions are important when one wants to cover a broad band of frequencies.
  • a dual antenna, produced according to the invention and operating in the UHF band of 225 to 400 MHz, is, for example, in the form of a whip of 2.5 m high and about 25 mm in diameter, while the equipment similar art market designed according to the prior art, have a diameter greater than 100mm.
  • the magnetic element is, for example, a torus or a tube.
  • All dipoles D k constituting said antenna can operate in the same frequency range.
  • the dipoles D k constituting the antenna can also be powered with different powers.
  • the invention also relates to an antenna system comprising at least one antenna comprising two dipoles, a dipole k designated D k consisting of a high antenna element D ks and a low antenna element D kb , said antenna being fed by a cable coaxial device comprising a core and two sheaths arranged concentrically around the core, with k equal to 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises two separate coaxial cables and allowing the connection of said antenna to two disjointed radio channels, and that the soul of the first cable corresponds to the extension in the vehicle of the soul of the invention and in that the sheath of this cable corresponds to the extension of a first sheath, a second sheath when it does not extend into the space Int that of sufficient length to be connected to the core of the second cable at a point F, said sheaths of the first and second cables are in contact with each other and are connected to a counter-skirt at a point M to form a quarter-wave balun system.
  • the dipoles are, for example, adapted to operate in the frequency range [225-400 MHz].
  • the description will be given by way of non-limiting example in the context of a low profile double antenna used for radio communication equipment, in particular in the UHF band ( Ultra High Frequency) 225-400MHz intended to be installed and used on vehicles that are stationary or in motion.
  • the antenna can thus be used in a context of spatial diversity, that is to say that each antenna element operates in the same frequency range.
  • the antenna can operate in transmission, reception or transmission / reception.
  • the antenna structure can also be composed of a number of dipoles n with n greater than or equal to 2. Each dipole can be adapted to operate in the same frequency range, or in different frequency ranges.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B show an exemplary embodiment of a dual antenna according to the invention.
  • the antenna consists of a first dipole 1 composed of an upper radiating element 1s and a lower radiating element 1b forming a skirt ( figure 3B ), the cylindrical shape for the elements radiating is taken in the example for ease of understanding the text, a second dipole 2, placed collinearly to the dipole 1 and composed of an upper radiating element 2s forming a counter skirt (skirt returned) and a lower element 2b also forming a skirt, a triaxial cable 14 consisting of a core 140 , a first concentric sheath 14 1 and a second concentric sheath 14 2 .
  • a dielectric material such as polyethylene or Teflon brand material (registered trademark), not shown here for reasons of clarity.
  • the asymmetrical type of supply (known by the term "unbalanced") of the dipole 1 is achieved by the connection of the core 14 0 to the upper element 1s and by the connection of the first sheath 14 1 to the lower element 1b.
  • the system may comprise a broadband impedance matching circuit known to those skilled in the art and interposed between the core 14 0 and the element 1s which, for the sake of facilitating the understanding of the invention, n ' is not represented.
  • the supply of the dipole 2 is also of asymmetrical type produced by the connection of the second sheath 14 2 to the lower element 2b at point 27 and by the device 20 detailed in FIG. figure 4 which is placed between the two elements 2s and 2b.
  • the device 20 is, for example, composed of a winding 21 of the cable section in the form of Q turns, consisting of the portion of the core 140 and the sheath portion 14 1 located between these two elements 2s and 2b, around a magnetic element or core 22, a secondary winding (P turns) formed by a monofilar cable 23, one end of which is electrically connected to the element 2b at point 24 and the other end is connected to the sheath 14 1 at the beginning of the winding 21 (considered starting from the antenna element 2b below the dipole) at point 25, and a connection 26 between the sheath 14 1 and the upper radiating element 2s at the end of the winding 21.
  • the monofilar cable 23 is itself wound around the magnetic core.
  • any additional circuits known to those skilled in the art to improve the broadband adaptation of the impedance are not represented; for example, there may be mentioned the use of a LC plug circuit connecting the elements 2s and 2b, and / or an LC resonant circuit placed in series with the secondary winding 23.
  • the element 20 has the particular function of providing a excitation by magnetic coupling and thus allow to expand the frequency band in which the antenna can operate, without having to use so-called antenna elements "thick" and in fact, without increasing the size of the antenna.
  • the Figure 5A represents a first embodiment for which the magnetic element or magnetic core 22 is a torus 28.
  • This form advantageously makes it possible to obtain a "tighter” magnetic coupling and, in this way, facilitates the transfer of RF (radio frequency) power to radiating elements of the dipole.
  • the Figure 5B represents another alternative embodiment for which the magnetic element or magnetic core 22 is a tube 29.
  • This form allows the use of a cable 14 of rigid type which is not arranged to be wound.
  • the figure 6 represents an alternative embodiment which makes it possible, in particular, to improve the decoupling between the two elementary antennas 1 and 2.
  • this type of arrangement is more particularly suitable in the case of use in a multi-channel system.
  • the idea is to add ferrite sleeves 13 by placing them around the sheath 14 1 located between the antennas 1 and 2. The effect of inductance thus produced limits or cancels the leakage currents or return on the surface of the sheath, and thus increases the decoupling between the two elementary antennas.
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B are an example of asymmetrical-asymmetrical type connection device for connecting the antenna to two transceiver stations with 2 separate coaxial cables.
  • Ext denotes the space corresponding to the outside of the carrier vehicle where a low profile is requested and Int inside the vehicle.
  • a preferred embodiment is to position only the antenna part according to the invention in the space Ext and to install the supply device 30 allowing the connection of two radio stations in the space Int where no drastic constraint of dimension n is imposed.
  • the device 30 comprises two separate coaxial cables 15 and 16 which allow the connection of the antenna according to the invention to two disjointed radio channels.
  • a preferred embodiment is that the core 15 0 of the cable 15 corresponds to the extension in the vehicle of the core 140 of the invention and that the sheath 15 1 of the cable 15 corresponds to the extension of the sheath 14 1 .
  • Sheath 14 2 While in it extends into the Int space of sufficient length to be connected to the core 16 of the cable 16 0 at point F.
  • the sheaths 15 1 and 16 1 for cables 15 and 16 are in contact with each other and are connected to a counter-skirt 31 at the point M to form a system usually designated by the one skilled in the quarter-wave balancing machine.
  • the effectiveness of this type of balun is all the higher as the relative diameter of the counter-skirt with respect to the diameter of the sheaths is large. Given the position of this equipment inside the vehicle, there is no drastic dimensional constraint in the design of the antenna.
  • the figure 8 schematically represents the case where the antenna has n dipoles fed by a multiaxial cable composed of a core and n concentric ducts in this example, the antenna is n access broadband.
  • the connections between the antennal elements and the sheath or the core are as described below.
  • a dipole k designated D k on the figure 8 consists of a low element D kb and a high element D ks , as indicated for example by elements 2b and 2s of the preceding figures.
  • the antenna comprises a dipole D 1 at the top of the antenna whose antenna top 1w D element is connected to the core 14 0 a multiaxial cable comprising n concentric ducts to each other and therefore not fed this last, and whose low antennal element D 1b is connected to the first sheath 14 1 adjacent to the core 140 .
  • the first sheath is the sheath that is disposed closest to the core
  • the second sheath 14 2 of the multiaxial cable is the sheath disposed between the first and the third sheath 14 3 and so on. This provision is only a convention used for the example of the description.
  • the device 40 ( figure 9 ) corresponding to the device 20 described above is used to connect the other dipoles.
  • This device 40 is positioned between the high element D ks of the dipole k or D k and the low element D kb of the dipole D k .
  • the high element D ks is connected at point 46 to the index cladding (k-1) of the multiaxial cable after the set of sheaths of index (1 to k-1) and of the core wind up.
  • a double antenna consists of 2 elementary antennas of collinear dipole type with skirt, placed one above the other; each elemental antenna having its own input.
  • the antenna or radiating structure according to the invention is a multiple structure of fine collinear dipole type. It implements elements of small transverse dimensions, so low profile, able to operate in a wide frequency band. It has a lower profile than broadband antennas known by implementation of thin dipole structure and an adaptation circuit instead of so-called "thick" structure. It offers an optimization of the physical dimensions of the multiaxial cable and magnetic coupling system instead of a stub feeding. It also offers the possibility of adding complementary circuits to improve impedance matching. Its structure is adapted for use on moving vehicles, for tactical multi-use. It also offers the possibility of coupling to the emission: + 3dB directivity, a possibility of spatial diversity at the reception: fight against fainting, a phenomenon better known by the abbreviation Anglo-Saxon "fading".

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Breitbandige Mehrfachantenne mit einem niedrigen Profil, das den Querabmessungen der Antenne entspricht, die wenigstens zwei Dipole (1, 2, Dk) umfasst, wobei jeder mit Dk bezeichnete Dipol k von einem oberen Antennenelement Dks und einem unteren Antennenelement Dkb gebildet wird, wobei die Antenne über ein Koaxialkabel gespeist wird, das einen Kern (140) und n Mäntel umfasst, die auf konzentrische Weise um den Kern (140) angeordnet sind, wobei k von 1 bis n variiert, wobei die Antenne wenigstens die folgenden Elemente umfasst, die wie nachfolgend angezeigt angeordnet sind:
    ● einen Dipol D1, wobei k = 1, der im oberen Teil der Antenne anbeordnet ist, wobei der Dipol D1 wenigstens ein erstes oberes Antennenelement D1s umfasst, das mit dem Kern (140) des Multiaxialkabels verbunden ist, das n Mäntel umfasst, und dessen unteres Antennenelement D1b mit dem ersten Mantel (141) neben dem Kern (140) verbunden ist,
    wobei die Antenne dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie wenigstens Folgendes umfasst:
    ● eine Verbindungsvorrichtung (20, 40), die sich zwischen einem oberen Element Dks eines Dipols Dk, wobei k > 1, und dem unteren Antennenelement Dkb des Dipols Dk befindet, wobei das obere Antennenelement Dks an einem Punkt (46) mit dem Mantel mit Index k-1 des Multiaxialkabels verbunden wird, wenn die Baugruppe aus Kern (140) und Mäntel mit Index 1 bis k-1 in Q Windungen (41) um einen Magnetkern (42) gewinkelt ist, und das untere Antennenelement Dkb des Dipols Dk mit dem Mantel mit Index k an einem Punkt (47) verbunden ist, und dadurch, dass die Verbindungsvorrichtung (20, 40) wenigstens eine sekundäre Monofilwicklung von P Windungen (43) umfasst, die auf demselben Magnetkern (42) angeordnet sind das mit einen unteren Punkt (44) das unteren Antennenelements Dkb des Dipols Dk mit dem Mantel mit Index k-1 mit dem Punkt (45) verbindet, der dem Anfang der Wicklung mit Q Windungen (41) entspricht.
  2. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Magnetkern (42) ein Torus (28) oder eine Röhre (29) ist.
  3. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass alle die Antenne bildenden Dipole Dk im selben Frequerzberech arbeiten und mit demselben Leistungswert versorgt werden.
  4. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenrizeichnet, dass die die Antenne bildenden Dipole Dk, mit unterschiedlichen Leistungen versorgt werden.
  5. Antennensystem, das wenigstens eine Antenne nach Anspruch 1 mit zwei Dipolen umfasst, wobei ein mit Dk bezeichneter Dipol k von einem oberen Antennenelement Dks und einem unteren Antennenelement Dkb gebildet wird, wobei die Antenne über ein Koaxialkabel gespeist wird, das einen Kern und zwei konzentrisch um den Kern angeordnete Mäntel umfasst, wobei k gleich 1 oder 2 ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es zwei getrennte Koaxialkabel (15 und 16) umfasst, die das Verbinden der Antenne mit zwei separaten Radiokanälen zulässt, und dadurch, dass der Kern (150) des ersten Kabels (15) einer Verlängerung des Kerns (140) in einem Fahrzeug entspricht und der Mantel (151) des ersten Kabels (15) einer Verlängerung eines ersten Mantels (141) entspricht, wobei sich ein zweiter Mantel (142) in einem Raum (Int) erstreckt, dessen Länge lediglich ausreicht, um mit dem Kern (160) des zweiten Kabels (16) an einem Punkt F verbunden zu werden, an dem die Mäntel (151 und 161) des ersten Kabels (15) und des zweiten Kabels (16) in Kontakt miteinander und mit einer Gegenschürze (31) an einem Punkt M verbunden sind, um ein Viertelwellen-Balunsystem zu bilden.
  6. Antenne und Antennensystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dipole für einen Betrieb im Frequenzbereich von 225-400 MHz ausgelegt sind.
EP10706982.5A 2009-04-24 2010-02-23 Breitbandige mehrfachantenne mit geringem querschnitt Active EP2422403B9 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0902008A FR2944917B1 (fr) 2009-04-24 2009-04-24 Antenne multiplie large bande a faible profil
PCT/EP2010/052303 WO2010121851A1 (fr) 2009-04-24 2010-02-23 Antenne multiple large bande a faible profil

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2422403A1 EP2422403A1 (de) 2012-02-29
EP2422403B1 true EP2422403B1 (de) 2013-05-01
EP2422403B9 EP2422403B9 (de) 2013-07-24

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10706982.5A Active EP2422403B9 (de) 2009-04-24 2010-02-23 Breitbandige mehrfachantenne mit geringem querschnitt

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8922445B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2422403B9 (de)
FR (1) FR2944917B1 (de)
IL (1) IL215829A (de)
SG (1) SG175349A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2010121851A1 (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9608336B1 (en) * 2015-08-25 2017-03-28 Edison Fong Radial-free collinear omni-directional triband half wavelength antenna with virtual ground, single coaxial cable feedpoint, and with minimal interaction of adjustment between bands
WO2018217219A1 (en) * 2017-05-22 2018-11-29 Peloton Technology, Inc. Transceiver antenna system for platooning
US10446922B1 (en) 2017-08-11 2019-10-15 Mastodon Design Llc Flexible antenna assembly
JP6422552B1 (ja) * 2017-10-11 2018-11-14 株式会社ヨコオ アンテナ装置
US11063345B2 (en) * 2018-07-17 2021-07-13 Mastodon Design Llc Systems and methods for providing a wearable antenna
US11600922B2 (en) 2020-02-10 2023-03-07 Raytheon Company Dual band frequency selective radiator array
US11469520B2 (en) 2020-02-10 2022-10-11 Raytheon Company Dual band dipole radiator array
DE102020210513A1 (de) * 2020-08-19 2022-02-24 Hagenuk Marinekommunikation Gmbh Antenne

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2944917A1 (fr) 2010-10-29
WO2010121851A1 (fr) 2010-10-28
US8922445B2 (en) 2014-12-30
US20120182196A1 (en) 2012-07-19
IL215829A0 (en) 2012-01-31
IL215829A (en) 2016-03-31
SG175349A1 (en) 2011-11-28
EP2422403A1 (de) 2012-02-29
EP2422403B9 (de) 2013-07-24
FR2944917B1 (fr) 2012-07-13

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