EP3335277B1 - Multifunktionelle breitbandige sektorantenne - Google Patents

Multifunktionelle breitbandige sektorantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3335277B1
EP3335277B1 EP16747534.2A EP16747534A EP3335277B1 EP 3335277 B1 EP3335277 B1 EP 3335277B1 EP 16747534 A EP16747534 A EP 16747534A EP 3335277 B1 EP3335277 B1 EP 3335277B1
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Prior art keywords
antenna
strand
ground plane
curvature
sector antenna
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3335277A1 (de
Inventor
William HUBERT
David SAINTIER
Cyrille Le Meins
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Thales SA
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Thales SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/106—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using two or more intersecting plane surfaces, e.g. corner reflector antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface

Definitions

  • the invention particularly relates to a very high frequency / ultra high frequency antenna, VHF / UHF, broadband or ultra wideband sectorial radiation. More generally, it relates to the field of antennas and antenna systems by networking, for transmission with powers of a few tens to a few hundred Watts, for example, and reception in the VHF / UHF bands. linearly polarized electromagnetic waves.
  • the first axis assumes a maintenance of the radiation and impedance performance of the antennas after integration on complex carrier structures. These structures may be surface vessels (naval application), land vehicles or aircraft. Moreover, this performance maintenance must take place over a very large bandwidth (half a decade or even a decade).
  • the second axis is related to the multifunction aspect requested by the users.
  • the ever-increasing number of integrated carrier functions is accompanied by an increase in the number of antennas to be integrated into their structure. This difficult integration with regard to mechanical constraints, performance and electromagnetic compatibility can be solved by pooling the radiating elements. On the other hand, this pooling raises the problem of the unification of the requirements inherited from the various systems to which the antennas and the antenna networks participate.
  • the Rhode and Schwartz antenna referenced AD066FW also describes a broadband antenna array structure usable between 118 MHz and 453 MHz for enhanced communications functions through a beamforming system.
  • the shape of a strand seen from the front corresponds to the intersection of a first ellipse E 1 having a first radius R 1 corresponding to the major axis and a second radius R 2 corresponding to the minor axis, with a second ellipse E 2 having a first radius R 2 corresponding to the major axis substantially identical to the radius of the minor axis of the first ellipse, and a second radius R 3 , the value of R 2 is chosen as a function of the width of the antenna, the ratio R 1 / R 3 is chosen in order to optimize the transitions at the level of the power supply. the antenna and the terminal folding of the strand.
  • the depth of the antenna D is chosen to be substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength ⁇ 0
  • the height H of the antenna is substantially equal to the wavelength ⁇ 0
  • the width W of the antenna is substantially equal to 2 * ⁇ 0/5 .
  • the sectoral antenna according to the invention may comprise several sets each composed of two strands having an elliptical shape.
  • the antenna power supply is, for example, carried out via connection means supplied in phase opposition thanks to a Balun or a 0/180 ° hybrid coupler.
  • the antenna may comprise at least two RF connectors selected according to the operating frequency range of the antenna and the desired power handling, the connectors are energized in phase opposition.
  • the sectoral antenna according to the invention is suitable for integration into mobile equipment or fixed infrastructure.
  • the figure 1 schematizes a three-dimensional view of an example of a broadband antenna 1 or ultra wideband according to the invention which will be detailed using the figure 2 .
  • the antenna 1 is composed of a first elliptical strand 101 and a second elliptical strand 102, the two elliptical strands being folded towards a ground plane 2 at the center O of the antenna 1, a first end 101a ( figure 2 ) of the first strand at a first point A (x A , z A ) located near the ground plane and a first end 102a of the second strand 102 being at a second point A '(x') A , z ' A ) located near the ground plane 2.
  • the two strands 101, 102 have in this example an elliptical shape and are arranged symmetrically with respect to an axis Ox.
  • the two strands are supplied in phase opposition by two connection means 30, 30 'thanks to a Balun or hybrid coupler 0 ° / 180 ° known to those skilled in the art.
  • the connection means 30, 30 ' may be RF connectors or any other type of suitable connection known to those skilled in the art depending on the frequency and power handling.
  • the figure 2 and the figure 3 illustrate the definition and shape of the strands using an ellipse representation.
  • the front view of the strands is generated by the intersection of a first ellipse E 1 which has a first radius R 1 for the major axis and a second radius R 2 for the minor axis, with a second ellipse E 2 having a same radius R 2 for the major axis and the radius R 3 for the minor axis.
  • the intersection I of the two ellipses E 1 and E 2 is represented in a thicker line on the figure 3 .
  • the figure 2 represents, in a Cartesian coordinate system where the origin point O corresponds to the midpoint of the antenna, the profile of the strands.
  • Each strand has a shape consisting of a first curve F 1 (AB), F ' 1 (A'-B'), called inner curvature with respect to the center O of the antenna, followed by a second curve F 2 ( BC), F ' 2 (B'-C') or outer curvature.
  • the two strands have a substantially identical shape and symmetrical with respect to the axis OX, more generally with respect to an axis perpendicular to the antenna and passing through the center O.
  • Curve equations are given by two additional curvature parameters: c 1 and c 2 .
  • the second strand is then generated by X-axis symmetry, the preceding formulas apply for the points referenced A ', B' and C 'on the figure 2 .
  • the curvature parameters c 1 and c 2 are defined by electromagnetic simulation using simulation tools known to those skilled in the art, for example a rigorous method of electromagnetic simulation known as full-wave method ( Anglo-Saxon). . All parameters can be adjusted to optimize performance. In fine, the proposed antenna thus sports a frequency bandwidth (or operating range) of 5: 1 with a stationary wave ratio (ROS) of less than 3.
  • ROS stationary wave ratio
  • the proposed solution allows to privilege a direction of the space and thus strengthens its gain compared to a solution based on omnidirectional antennas.
  • the network association of this solution allows to wrap the carrier structure to better disregard it. Overall, this feature allows use for V / UHF communications.
  • its network-associated Ultra Wide Band character makes it possible to envisage a use of the direction-finding type.
  • the antenna can be made of conductive metal (copper, aluminum, %) or composite material (carbon, ).
  • the antennas according to the invention notably allow integration of antennas and antenna arrays on a carrier structure, the use in several functions.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Breitband- oder Ultrabreitband-Sektorantenne (1), welche eine Höhe H, eine Tiefe D und eine Breite W besitzt, welche eine erste Grundplatte (2) beinhaltet, welche als Reflektorebene dient und welche mindestens eine Antennenanordnung beinhaltet, welche mindestens einen ersten Strang (101) und mindestens einen zweiten Strang (102) beinhaltet, wobei die Antenne in einem Frequenzband [f1, f2] arbeitet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    • die Stränge (101, 102) eine elliptische, in Richtung der Grundplatte (2) im Mittelpunkt der Antenne (1) gebogene Form, eine innere Krümmung F1, F'1, welche von einem Punkt A, A' ausgeht, welcher in Richtung des Mittelpunktes O der Antenne positioniert ist und eine äußere Krümmung F2, F'2, welche sich in der Verlängerung der ersten inneren Krümmung F1, F'1 befindet, besitzen,
    • ein erstes Ende (101a) des ersten Stranges (101) sich auf Höhe eines ersten Punktes A in der Nähe der Grundplatte (2) befindet, und ein erstes Ende (102a) des zweiten Stranges (102) sich auf Höhe eines zweiten Punktes A' in der Nähe der Grundplatte (2) befindet,
    • ein zweites Ende (101b) des ersten Stranges (101) und ein zweites Ende (102b) des zweiten Stranges (102) sich jeweils an zwei Punkten C, C' positionieren, welche in Bezug auf die Grundplatte positioniert sind,
    • der Nullpunkt 0 des kartesischen Koordinatensystems dem Mittelpunkt der Grundplatte entspricht, A = x A 0 z A ,
    Figure imgb0017
     B = x B 0 z B
    Figure imgb0018
     und C = x c 0 z C
    Figure imgb0019
     wobei xA, xB, xc, zA, zB, zc die Koordinaten der Punkte A, B und C in einem kartesischen Koordinatensystem sind, C1 Und C2 zwei Krümmungsparameter sind, A-B zur inneren Krümmung F1, F'1 gehört und B-C der äußeren Krümmung F2, F'2 gehört,
    • die innere Krümmung F1, F'1 des ersten Stranges bestimmt wird, um die Stabilität des Strahlungsdiagramms bei maximaler Betriebsfrequenz der Antenne zu gewährleisten, wobei: X = x B + x A − x B e zc 1 − e z B c 1 e z A c 1 − e z B c 1 , ∀ z ∈ z A z B ,
    Figure imgb0020
    • die äußere Krümmung F2, F'2 des zweiten Stranges bestimmt wird, um die Stabilität der Impedanz, welche die Antenne an ihren Speisungsklemmen aufweist, bei der minimalen Betriebsfrequenz zu gewährleisten, X = x B + x C − x B e zc 2 − e z B c 2 e z C c 2 − e z B c 2 , ∀ z ∈ z B z C
    Figure imgb0021
    • der erste Strang (101) und der zweite Strang (102) gegenphasig gespeist werden.
  2. Sektorantenne nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gekrümmte Form eines Stranges (101, 102) von vorn betrachtet dem Schnittpunkt einer ersten Ellipse E1 entspricht, welche einen ersten Radius R1 besitzt, welcher der Hauptachse entspricht, und einen zweiten Radius R2 besitzt, welcher der Nebenachse entspricht, mit einer zweiten Ellipse E2, welche einen ersten Radius R2 besitzt, welcher der Hauptachse entspricht, welche im Wesentlichen identisch mit dem Radius der Nebenachse der ersten Ellipse ist, und einen zweiten Radius R3 besitzt, wobei der Wert von R2 angesichts der Breite der Antenne gewählt ist, wobei das Verhältnis R1/R3 gewählt ist, um die Übergänge auf Höhe der Speisung der Antenne und der Endkrümmung des Stranges zu optimieren.
  3. Sektorantenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Parameter einer Antenne so gestaltet sind, dass bei einem Betriebsfrequenzbereich [f1, f2] und einer Mittenfrequenz f0:
    D in dem Intervall [λ0/5, λ0/3] enthalten ist,
    H im Wesentlichen gleich λ0 ist,
    W in dem Intervall [λ0/3, λ0/2] enthalten ist,
    R3 zwischen 0,6∗R1 und 0,8∗R1 beträgt, R 2 ≈ W / 2 ,
    Figure imgb0022
    C1 -20/ λ0 bis -15/ λ0 und C2 ≈ 30 / λ0.
  4. Sektorantenne nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tiefe der Antenne D im Wesentlichen gleich einem Viertel der Wellenlänge λ0 ist, die Höhe H der Antenne im Wesentlichen gleich der Wellenlänge λ0 ist, die Breite W der Antenne im Wesentlichen gleich 2∗ λ0 /5 ist.
  5. Sektorantenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    • die Grundplatte zwei Krümmungen beinhaltet, welche zwei kapazitive Dächer (31, 32) bilden,
    • das zweite Ende (101b) des ersten Stranges (101) und das zweite Ende (102b) des zweiten Stranges (102) sich jeweils an zwei Punkten C, C' positionieren, welche einem Punkt entsprechen, dessen Maß so gestaltet ist, dass ZC im Wesentlichen gleich 0,48 λ0 ist,
    • R1+R3 gleich ZC-ZA ist,
    • R2 im Wesentlichen gleich W/2 ist.
  6. Sektorantenne nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie mehrere Anordnungen beinhaltet, welche aus zwei Strängen gebildet sind, welche eine elliptische Form besitzen.
  7. Sektorantenne nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Speisung über Anschlussmittel (30) erfolgt, welche dank eines Baluns oder eines hybriden 0/180°-Kopplers gegenphasig gespeist werden.
  8. Sektorantenne nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie mindestens zwei HF-Verbinder (30) beinhaltet, welche angesichts des Betriebsfrequenzbereichs der Antenne und der gewünschten Pegelfestigkeit gewählt sind, wobei die Verbinder gegenphasig gespeist werden.
  9. Sektorantenne nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Betriebsfrequenz dem VHF/UHF-Bereich mit, zur Sendung, Leistungen von einigen Zehn bis einigen Hundert Watt und einer Empfang in den VHF/UHF-Bändern von linear polarisierten elektromagnetischen Wellen angehört.
  10. Sektorantenne nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zu einer Integration in ein mobiles Gerät oder eine feste Infrastruktur geeignet ist.
EP16747534.2A 2015-08-14 2016-08-04 Multifunktionelle breitbandige sektorantenne Active EP3335277B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1501733A FR3040110B1 (fr) 2015-08-14 2015-08-14 Antenne sectorielle large bande multifonctions
PCT/EP2016/068664 WO2017029122A1 (fr) 2015-08-14 2016-08-04 Antenne sectorielle large bande multifonctions

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EP3335277A1 EP3335277A1 (de) 2018-06-20
EP3335277B1 true EP3335277B1 (de) 2019-11-13

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SG (1) SG11201803953SA (de)
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4203193A1 (de) 2021-12-23 2023-06-28 Thales Lösung zur oberflächenkonformen optimierung eines 3d-antennen-netzwerk-drehmoments

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3015101A (en) * 1958-10-31 1961-12-26 Edwin M Turner Scimitar antenna
US3618104A (en) * 1968-02-26 1971-11-02 Multronics Inc Broadband cornucopia-type antenna system
US5521610A (en) * 1993-09-17 1996-05-28 Trimble Navigation Limited Curved dipole antenna with center-post amplifier
JP4597579B2 (ja) * 2003-08-05 2010-12-15 日本アンテナ株式会社 反射板付平面アンテナ
FR3011685B1 (fr) 2013-10-04 2016-03-11 Thales Comm & Security S A S Antenne boucle volumique compacte large bande

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4203193A1 (de) 2021-12-23 2023-06-28 Thales Lösung zur oberflächenkonformen optimierung eines 3d-antennen-netzwerk-drehmoments
FR3131390A1 (fr) 2021-12-23 2023-06-30 Thales Solution d optimisation d un couple antenne/reseau 3d conforme a une surface.

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FR3040110A1 (fr) 2017-02-17
WO2017029122A1 (fr) 2017-02-23
FR3040110B1 (fr) 2018-06-01
EP3335277A1 (de) 2018-06-20
SG11201803953SA (en) 2018-06-28

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