EP0850386A1 - Systeme de refroidissement indirect d'un dispositif electrique - Google Patents

Systeme de refroidissement indirect d'un dispositif electrique

Info

Publication number
EP0850386A1
EP0850386A1 EP96934396A EP96934396A EP0850386A1 EP 0850386 A1 EP0850386 A1 EP 0850386A1 EP 96934396 A EP96934396 A EP 96934396A EP 96934396 A EP96934396 A EP 96934396A EP 0850386 A1 EP0850386 A1 EP 0850386A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
low
cooling
temperature
cooling device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96934396A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Florian Steinmeyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0850386A1 publication Critical patent/EP0850386A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/08—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
    • F17C3/085—Cryostats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
    • F25D19/006—Thermal coupling structure or interface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the indirect cooling of an electrical device to be kept at low temperature, in particular superconducting device, which is located in an evacuable interior of a vacuum housing, which device contains at least one refrigeration machine part which has a machine section on the room temperature side and a machine section on the low-temperature side, which is arranged in an evacuable space, has - protrudes through an opening of the vacuum housing into its interior, is spring-loaded on the vacuum housing via spring elements and is fastened in a way that seals its opening, and - at its low-temperature end the electrical device is connected with good thermal conductivity.
  • a cooling device is e.g. from US 5 129 232 A.
  • Deep-freezing electrical especially superconducting devices such as the winding of a magnetic coil or a generator or like a superconducting cable requires cooling devices which ensure that the parts to be cooled are operated at the low operating temperature. Bath cooling, forced cooling or, in particular, indirect cooling are possible for the parts to be cooled.
  • Indirect cooling allows the construction of relatively small-volume, refrigerant-free cryostats without a coolant tank and also makes the user independent of the need to replenish a cryogenic liquid.
  • the required refrigeration can for example, from a generally two-stage cryocooler that often works according to the Gifford-McMahon principle. With a corresponding cryocooler, for example, the first stage at approximately 60 K can be loaded with typically 50 W and the second stage at 10 K with 1 W thermal power.
  • Indirect cooling can advantageously be provided for superconducting magnet systems in magnetic resonance imaging systems.
  • a corresponding cooling device should be designed in such a way that with the thermal coupling of its refrigerating machine or a refrigerating machine part to the super-conducting magnet system, vibrations are transmitted to the magnet system to the smallest possible extent.
  • All common refrigeration machines contain mechanically moving parts that cause considerable vibrations in the frequency range from 1 to a few 10 Hz.
  • the pressure vibrations of the working medium typically helium gas of approximately 20 bar, can also contribute to the vibrations. If these vibrations have an undamped effect on the magnet system, undesired eddy currents arise during operation of the magnet system, for example because a magnetic basic field with an induction of 1 T results. However, these eddy currents not only increase the heat load on the cooling device, but also disrupt the imaging system of the magnetic resonance imaging system.
  • a cooling device for a He-cooled superconducting magnet of a nuclear spin tomography system which can be found in EP 0 260 036 A, provides that the magnet and a radiation shield surrounding it are each thermally highly conductive via flexible connecting elements Material is coupled to parts of a chiller.
  • refrigeration machines are generally much higher in the case of magnets for nuclear spin tomography.
  • a cooling device for a superconducting magnet of a nuclear spin tomography system with corresponding vibration-damping thermal connecting elements between a refrigerator and a radiation shield or a superconducting magnet is also known from the US-A document mentioned at the beginning.
  • the refrigeration machine is supported here by spring elements on the vacuum housing enclosing the superconducting winding. Not only the inherent weight of the refrigeration machine has to be absorbed via these suspension elements, but also the pressure force of the external air pressure, which acts on a section of the refrigeration machine on the room temperature side.
  • Compressive force is caused by the fact that the section on the room temperature side is under the normal pressure of the surroundings of the vacuum housing of the superconducting winding, while the section on the low temperature side of the refrigerator is arranged in an evacuated housing unit which projects into the vacuum space of the vacuum housing of the superconducting magnet.
  • the suspension elements are therefore pressed together with a relatively large force and must therefore have an adapted large spring force.
  • the rigidity of the suspension is consequently correspondingly high, so that the vibration damping caused by the known suspension elements is accordingly limited.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the cooling device with the features mentioned at the outset in such a way that the transmission of oscillations (vibrations) from its refrigeration machine or refrigeration machine parts to the electrical device to be cooled is further reduced.
  • this object is achieved in that the section of the refrigerating machine part on the room temperature side in an evacuable space of a housing unit rigidly connected to the vacuum housing is arranged.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a cooling device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows this cooling device with a heat switch in the open state
  • FIG. 3 shows this cooling device with the heat switch in the closed state.
  • the cooling device according to the invention can be particularly advantageously provided for deep-freezing electrical devices which are sensitive to vibrations which are caused by the refrigeration machine part.
  • a corresponding device is, for example, the superconducting magnetic system of a system for magnetic resonance imaging. Self- the cooling device can also be used for other deep-freezing electrical devices.
  • FIG. 1 the part of a corresponding cooling device designed according to the invention is illustrated in section and generally designated 2. Parts of the cooling device, not shown in the figure and not explained in more detail in the following description, are generally known.
  • the device enables the formation of a refrigerant-free cryostat.
  • the cooling device 2 shown contains at least one refrigeration machine 3 with at least one refrigeration machine part 4, which can have two refrigeration stages 5 and 6.
  • the refrigerator 3 is a Gifford-McMahon type cryocooler. Other single- or multi-stage chiller types can also be used.
  • the refrigeration machine part 4 or, if appropriate, the complete refrigeration machine is composed of a machine section 4a located in a room temperature range RT, ie with the room temperature side machine section 4a, and one which comprises the two refrigeration levels 5 and 6, which extends into a low temperature range TT, and thus with the low temperature range 4 machine side.
  • the section 4b on the low-temperature side protrudes through an opening 7 of a vacuum housing 8 into which an interior space 9 which can be evacuated to a residual pressure pl of an insulating vacuum.
  • the opening 7 is so large that the low-temperature-side machine section 4b can move approximately vertically in its vertical direction.
  • the section 4b is thermally coupled to a device 10 to be cooled, for example to a superconducting magnet. Of this magnet surrounded by the insulating vacuum, only an upper part of a structure to be cooled, for example its housing, is indicated in the figure.
  • the low-temperature section 4b of the refrigeration machine part 4 is advantageously located in a separate housing unit 12, the interior 13 of which can be evacuated.
  • the low-temperature section 4b of the Refrigeration machine part 4 can be mounted in a separate lock which is vacuum-tight with respect to the interior 9 of the vacuum housing 8.
  • This sluice which can contain thin-walled VA pipes and the volume of which does not need to be much larger than that of the cold-temperature shield 4b, enables access to the interior 13 from the outside or from above.
  • connecting pieces 15 and 16 with good heat conductivity are provided on the outside of the housing unit 12 and heat contacts 17 and 18, on the inside, which are mechanically detachable.
  • These heat contacts can be formed, for example, with spring-loaded contact lamellae made of Cu, which may be gold-plated, silver-plated and / or coated with indium. They enable heat to be transferred from the respective cold stage of the low-temperature section 4b of the refrigerator part 4 to the thermal connecting pieces 15 and 16 via the wall of the housing unit 12.
  • a switchable heat contact in the radial direction is achieved in this way From the first or second cold stage 5 or 6 there is a warm contact to a radiation shield 20 or to the structure of the magnet 10 via the warm contacts 17 or 18, the thermal connecting pieces 15 or 16 and via flexible thermal To ensure links 21 and 22, respectively.
  • the flexible thermal connecting links can be, for example, copper strands or bands, via which vibrations of the cold machine part 4 are hardly transmitted.
  • the housing unit 12 acting as a lock is at a residual pressure p2 evacuated. It can be ventilated or evacuated for a change of the refrigeration machine part 4 at an inlet 24 of the low-temperature housing unit 12.
  • the room temperature-side section 4a is housed in a separate, evacuable housing unit 26.
  • This housing unit encloses the section 4a of the refrigeration machine part 4 on the room temperature side and is rigidly attached to the outside of the vacuum housing 8 in a sealed manner. Its interior 27 can thus be separated from the insulation vacuum of the magnet 10 and the low-temperature side machine section 4b at an inlet 28 to a suction pressure p3 or vented.
  • the refrigerating machine part 4 is not only pressed against the vacuum housing 8 not only with its weight force Gk of, for example, about 200 N, but also with the force Lk of the external air pressure.
  • Gk weight force
  • Lk force of the external air pressure.
  • This force Lk is absorbed in known cooling devices (cf. US Pat. No. 5,129,232 A) by a correspondingly hard suspension, which is intended to dampen the transmission of vibrations from the cooling machine part to the device 10 to be cooled.
  • the cooling device 2 advantageously only needs to be designed in such a way that practically only the weight Gk of the cooling machine part 4 is absorbed.
  • the shown, correspondingly spring-loaded wear of the refrigeration machine part comprises suspension elements 30, to which elastic damper elements 31 can be arranged in parallel.
  • the elements 30 and 31 are clamped between the vacuum housing 8 and support projections 32 oriented parallel thereto, which are rigid with the cold machine part 4, in particular with the connection area of the section 4a on the room temperature side and the section 4b on the low temperature side. are connected.
  • the support extensions 32 and the elements 30 and 31 not only provide support or, if appropriate, a corresponding suspension, but also the sealing of the interior 9 of the vacuum housing 8 in the region of its opening 7.
  • the support of the cooling machine part 4 springs through to a fixed mechanical stop 33 due to the negative pressure effect on a section on the low-temperature side.
  • the vibration damping is therefore only achieved as soon as the interior 27 of the housing unit 26 is pumped down to an operating pressure p3 of, for example, less than 100 mbar. Typical pressure values are about 10 mbar.
  • Air pressure force Lk reduced to a force of about 20 N.
  • the refrigeration machine part 4 is carried by the spring elements 30 and 31.
  • the corresponding spring constant can thereby be reduced to approximately 1/10 of the value that would be necessary for vibration damping without pumping out.
  • the correspondingly soft suspension allows, in many applications, the cold machine part 4 to be mounted directly on a housing part of a device to be frozen, like a magnet, without the need for further mechanical and heat-conducting connecting elements or links.
  • In the figure are still flexible, vacuum-tight due to the interior Connection space 35 for the refrigeration machine section 4a, for example for helium and electrical connection lines, is shown in the interior space 27 of the housing unit 26 on the room temperature side.
  • the cooling capacity of the second stage 6 of the refrigeration machine part 4, to which the device to be cooled, for example the magnet 10, is thermally coupled, is about 1/5 of the performance of the first stage 5 in a conventional Gifford-McMahon refrigeration machine 3.
  • the heat capacity is one
  • super-conductive magnets amount to at least 2/3 of the thermal mass to be cooled. In order to cool a superconducting magnet from room temperature to operating temperature only with the aid of a refrigeration machine, it is therefore advantageous to use the comparatively high refrigeration capacity of the first stage 5 of the refrigeration machine to precool the magnet.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 An exemplary embodiment of corresponding releasable heat contacts can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, FIG. 2 illustrating the closed state of the heat contacts and FIG. 3 the opened state.
  • the heat contact shown in the figures and generally designated 40 is formed by at least one thermally well-conductive contact plate 41 which is between a well thermally conductive holding structure 43 rigidly connected to the device 10 to be cooled and at least largely at the temperature of the first Part of the low-temperature side Section 4b of the refrigerator is located.
  • This part of the refrigeration machine section 4b can be formed, for example, by the thermal connecting piece 15. Since this connection piece is rigidly connected to the cold machine section 4b or the housing unit 12 arranged around it, the deflection of the resilient elements 30 and 31 follows accordingly. During the cooling process from the room temperature, the interior 27 of the external housing unit 26 initially remains ventilated.
  • the cold machine part 4 is pressed by the external air pressure with the force Lk against the soft wear over the suspension elements 30 and 31 in the direction of the magnet 10 until the warm contact 40 of the first cold stage 5 hits its mechanical stop (see Figure 2).
  • This stop is formed by the contact plates 41 on the holding structure 43 rigidly connected to the magnet 10.
  • the refrigeration machine part 4 Due to an evacuation of the interior 27 to a pressure p3 after the pre-cooling of the magnet to approximately the temperature of the first cooling stage 5, the refrigeration machine part 4 is relieved of the force Lk, so that the suspension elements 30 and 31 expand accordingly with the only existing weight force Gk .
  • the connecting piece 15, which is rigidly connected to the refrigeration machine part 4 is raised by an amount corresponding to this stroke from the plates 41, so that the heat contact 40 can now be opened.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 a support of a refrigeration machine or a part of it sprung according to the invention is illustrated. A corresponding suspension via suspension elements, which are to be relieved of the air pressure force Lk acting on a machine section on the room temperature side, is just as possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système (2) de refroidissement indirect d'un dispositif (10), notamment supraconducteur, situé dans un boîtier sous vide (8), qui contient au moins un élément (4) de machine frigorifique. Cet élément de machine frigorifique se compose d'une section située côté température ambiante et d'une section située côté basse température (4a et 4b), fait saillie à l'intérieur du boîtier sous vide (8) auquel il est fixé par des éléments faisant ressort (30), et est en liaison thermoconductrice, à son extrémité (6) située côté basse température, avec le dispositif (10) à refroidir. Afin de réduire les vibrations transmises au dispositif (10), la section (4a) de l'élément (4) de machine frigorifique, située côté température ambiante, est disposée dans un compartiment (27) dans lequel le vide peut être effectué, d'un ensemble boîtier (26) relié de façon fixe avec le boîtier sous vide (8).
EP96934396A 1995-09-11 1996-08-29 Systeme de refroidissement indirect d'un dispositif electrique Withdrawn EP0850386A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19533555A DE19533555A1 (de) 1995-09-11 1995-09-11 Vorrichtung zur indirekten Kühlung einer elektrischen Einrichtung
DE19533555 1995-09-11
PCT/DE1996/001606 WO1997010469A1 (fr) 1995-09-11 1996-08-29 Systeme de refroidissement indirect d'un dispositif electrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0850386A1 true EP0850386A1 (fr) 1998-07-01

Family

ID=7771828

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96934396A Withdrawn EP0850386A1 (fr) 1995-09-11 1996-08-29 Systeme de refroidissement indirect d'un dispositif electrique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5934082A (fr)
EP (1) EP0850386A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11512512A (fr)
DE (1) DE19533555A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997010469A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

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US7842083B2 (en) 2001-08-20 2010-11-30 Innovational Holdings, Llc. Expandable medical device with improved spatial distribution
US7850727B2 (en) 2001-08-20 2010-12-14 Innovational Holdings, Llc Expandable medical device for delivery of beneficial agent

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CN103680803B (zh) * 2012-09-26 2017-09-01 西门子(深圳)磁共振有限公司 一种导热装置、制冷设备和磁共振系统
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CN107993788B (zh) * 2017-12-15 2020-05-19 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 超导磁体系统、其控制方法、其制造方法及磁共振系统
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7842083B2 (en) 2001-08-20 2010-11-30 Innovational Holdings, Llc. Expandable medical device with improved spatial distribution
US7850727B2 (en) 2001-08-20 2010-12-14 Innovational Holdings, Llc Expandable medical device for delivery of beneficial agent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19533555A1 (de) 1997-03-13
JPH11512512A (ja) 1999-10-26
US5934082A (en) 1999-08-10
WO1997010469A1 (fr) 1997-03-20

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