EP0844395A2 - Bidirektionale dynamische Mikropumpe - Google Patents
Bidirektionale dynamische Mikropumpe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0844395A2 EP0844395A2 EP97119955A EP97119955A EP0844395A2 EP 0844395 A2 EP0844395 A2 EP 0844395A2 EP 97119955 A EP97119955 A EP 97119955A EP 97119955 A EP97119955 A EP 97119955A EP 0844395 A2 EP0844395 A2 EP 0844395A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flow
- channels
- bidirectional dynamic
- micropump according
- channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
- F04B43/02—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
- F04B43/04—Pumps having electric drive
- F04B43/043—Micropumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
- F04B53/1077—Flow resistance valves, e.g. without moving parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B2203/00—Motor parameters
- F04B2203/04—Motor parameters of linear electric motors
- F04B2203/0409—Linear speed
Definitions
- the invention relates to a bidirectional dynamic micropump for small amounts of liquid, in which the fluid flow can be varied in quantity and direction with simple means that is etched into a silicon wafer.
- Bidirectional pumps with rotary drives are well known With the help of gear or propeller arrangements a directional acceleration of the Effect fluids. The direction is reversed by reversing the direction of rotation. These arrangements consist of a number of mechanically moved ones Elements that are subject to wear and their miniaturization are major problems is prepared or limited. In addition, there are sealing problems at the bearing points.
- bidirectional pumps in which an undirected volume flow is generated, which is given a variable direction by suitable measures can be.
- the volume flow is caused by volume change a chamber, usually using pump membranes; reached and the direction is determined by actively controlled mechanical Inlet and outlet valves.
- the disadvantage here is that in addition to the pump drive Drives for the valves are required and there is a high control effort.
- micropumps with directional passive valves which have a preferred pump direction and in which a reversal of direction is possible through the use of resonance phenomena. These consist of a number of very precisely aligned elements . The volume control in the reverse direction is very limited and the possible delivery rate differs from the preferred direction.
- the patent specifications DE 42 23 019 and DE 44 22 743 contain dynamic micropumps without mechanical valves, which work on the basis of directed flow resistances and have a fixed flow direction.
- the invention is therefore based on the object with a small number of Functional elements an easily reproducible miniaturized pumping device create that with a simple tax effort in both directions Limits of variable fluid flow are generated and characterized by very small dimensions distinguished.
- the solution to this problem consists in a miniaturized arrangement of one Diaphragm pump and two connected flow channels in such a way that as a result the excitation with special impulses in the flow channels to different Develop different resistance relationships at times.
- a structure is introduced into a (100) oriented Si wafer 1 by anisotropic etching, which together with a glass cover layer 2 applied by anodic bonding results in an arrangement of pump chamber 4 and channels 7, 8 (FIG. 1).
- the pump chamber uses a piezo bimorph system as the drive membrane, which is formed by applying a piezo plate or layer 3 to the glass cover layer or chamber base.
- the pump chamber 4 is rectangular with a trapezoidal cross section.
- channels 7, 8 Immediately in front of and behind the pump chamber are channels 7, 8 with a triangular or or trapezoidal cross section with different cross-sectional areas, which represent a non-linear flow resistance with regard to the flow velocity.
- the mode of operation of the bidirectional dynamic micropump is based on the fact that laminar flows with defined flow resistances predominate in the channels of the pump structure up to a certain flow speed and that the change from laminar to turbulent flow takes place when this flow speed is exceeded (FIG. 3). This results in an increase in flow resistance from R l to R t in the affected channel.
- this effect is used by selecting different geometries for channels 7 and 8 (ie channel 7 has a significantly smaller cross-section in relation to channel 8 and thus a higher flow velocity, but a comparable laminar flow resistance R 1 ) and the piezo actuator 3
- Pump chamber 4 is acted upon by a pulse shape characteristic of the pumping direction. Simplified, it is assumed that the change in volume of the pump chamber 4 is linear to the voltage applied to the piezo actuator 3.
- this high-speed fluid flow leads to the transition to turbulent flow and consequently to an increased flow resistance R t (FIG. 3).
- the pumping process in the direction of channel 7 is the reverse of the pumping process towards channel 8.
- the delivery rate results from the difference between the lifting and lowering currents and can be controlled very flexibly in both pump directions by varying the control amplitude and the pulse repetition frequency.
- the efficiency of the arrangement described (db the ratio of delivery volume to volume displacement) increases with the achieved ratio of R t to R l , ie with the amount of the value x.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Figur 1 -
- Schnittdarstellung der Pumpanordnung
- Figur 2 -
- Darstellung der Kanalgeometrie
- Figur 3 -
- Widerstandsverlauf eines Strömungswiderstandes in Abhängigkeit von der Flußgeschwindigkeit
- Figur 4 -
- Volumenströme und Kammervolumen beim Pumpvorgang
- Figur 5 -
- Volumenströme und Kammervolumen beim Pumpvorgang in Gegenrichtung
Die Pumpkammer verwendet als Antriebsmembran ein Piezo-Bimorph-System, das durch Aufbringen einer Piezoplatte oder Piezoschicht 3 auf Glasdeckschicht oder Kammerboden gebildet wird. Zwischen Piezoaktor 3 und Glasdeckschicht 2 befindet sich eine Metallisierung 6 und auf dem Piezoaktor 3 eine weitere Metallisierung 5 zur elektrischen Kontaktierung des Aktors 3 (Fig. 2).
Die Pumpkammer 4 ist rechteckig mit trapezförmigem Querschnitt. Unmittelbar vor und hinter der Pumpkammer befinden sich Kanäle 7,8 mit dreieckigem oder oder trapezförmigem Querschnitt unterschiedlicher Querschnittsfläche, die bezüglich der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit einen nichtlinearen Strömungswiderstand darstellen.
Im Kanal 8 tritt wegen des größeren Querschnittes eine geringere Strömungsgeschwindigkeit auf und der Übergang zu turbulenter Strömung und damit zu einem erhöhten Strömungswiderstand wird nicht erreicht. Das aus der Pumpkammer verdrängte Volumen teilt sich im umgekehrten Verhältnis der Strömungswiderstände auf die Kanäle 7 und 8 auf, d.h. der Anteil im Kanal 7 beträgt
Der Wirkungsgrad der beschriebenen Anordnung (d.b. das Verhältnis von Fördermenge zu Volumenverdrängung) steigt mit dem erreichten Verhältnis von Rt zu Rl, also mit dem Betrag des Wertes x.
- (Hierbei sind:
- * R8l - der laminare Widerstand des Kanals 8,
* R7l - der laminare Widerstand des Kanals 7,
* R7t - der turbulente Widerstand des Kanals 7.)
Claims (7)
- Bidirektionale dynamische Mikropumpe für kleine und kleinste Flüssigkeitsmengen mit Pumpkammer und zwei unterschiedlichen Kanälen dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kanäle (7 und 8) unterschiedliche Querschnittsform oder -fläche oder unterschiedliche Länge oder eine Kombination daraus aufweisen, nichtlineare ungerichtete Stömungswiderstände unterschiedlicher Charakteristik darstellen und deren variable Fluidströme zwischen laminarer und turbulenter Strömung mit geeigneten an den Aktor (3) angelegten Impulsen mit unsymmetrischer Flankensteilheit richtungsabhängig gesteuert werden.
- Bidirektionale dynamische Mikropumpe nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Struktur durch anisotropes Ätzen in einen Si-Wafer (1) eingebracht, mit einer Abdeckung verschlossen und mit einem Piezoaktor (3) versehen ist.
- Bidirektionale dynamische Mikropumpe nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieser Impuls während mindestens eines Zeitraumes einer Periode eine Flankensteilheit aufweist, die in diesem Zeitraum in einem der Kanäle eine turbulente Strömung hervorruft.
- Bidirektionale dynamische Mikropumpe nach Anspruch 1 bis 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als einfachste Form des Impulses ein Sägezahn mit einer steilen und einer flachen Flanke geeignet ist.
- Bidirektionale dynamische Mikropumpe nach Anspruch 1 bis 4 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch Vertauschen der Steilheit der Anstiegs- und Abfallflanke des Impulses eine Richtungsumkehr hervorgerufen wird.
- Bidirektionale dynamische Mikropumpe nach Anspruch 1 bis 5 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Arbeitsbereich bezüglich Frequenz und Amplitude des Ansteuersignals für beide Pumprichtungen gleich ist.
- Bidirektionale dynamische Mikropumpe nach Anspruch 1 bis 7 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steilheit der Anstiegsflanke des Ansteuersignals das den Wirkungsgrad festlegende Verhältnis zwischen turbulentem und laminarem Strömungswiderstand bestimmt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19648694 | 1996-11-25 | ||
DE19648694A DE19648694C1 (de) | 1996-11-25 | 1996-11-25 | Bidirektionale dynamische Mikropumpe |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0844395A2 true EP0844395A2 (de) | 1998-05-27 |
EP0844395A3 EP0844395A3 (de) | 2001-01-10 |
EP0844395B1 EP0844395B1 (de) | 2005-10-19 |
Family
ID=7812664
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97119955A Expired - Lifetime EP0844395B1 (de) | 1996-11-25 | 1997-11-14 | Bidirektionale dynamische Mikropumpe |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0844395B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE307292T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19648694C1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1369587A2 (de) * | 2002-06-03 | 2003-12-10 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Pumpenventil |
DE102013015453A1 (de) | 2012-12-21 | 2014-07-10 | Thomas Magnete Gmbh | Hubkolbenpumpe mit zwei Förderrichtungen |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19860227C1 (de) * | 1998-12-24 | 2000-05-25 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Mikropumpe |
JP3629405B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-16 | 2005-03-16 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | マイクロポンプ |
DE10102152C1 (de) * | 2001-01-18 | 2002-06-20 | Roland Zengerle | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Dosieren kleiner Flüssigkeitsmengen |
DE10212278B4 (de) * | 2002-03-20 | 2007-10-25 | Dietrich Dr.-Ing. Roscher | Tintenschreibgerät |
DE102008016121B4 (de) | 2007-11-29 | 2010-03-11 | Ihp Gmbh - Innovations For High Performance Microelectronics / Leibniz-Institut Für Innovative Mikroelektronik | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Messung der Viskosität |
DE102011115622A1 (de) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-06-21 | Technische Universität Ilmenau | Mikropumpe sowie Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Fluidströmung |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4223019C1 (de) | 1992-07-13 | 1993-11-18 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Ventillose Mikropumpe |
DE4422743A1 (de) | 1994-06-29 | 1996-01-04 | Torsten Gerlach | Mikropumpe |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5094594A (en) * | 1990-04-23 | 1992-03-10 | Genomyx, Incorporated | Piezoelectric pumping device |
SE508435C2 (sv) * | 1993-02-23 | 1998-10-05 | Erik Stemme | Förträngningspump av membranpumptyp |
DE4433894A1 (de) * | 1994-09-22 | 1996-03-28 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ansteuerung einer Mikropumpe |
DE19546570C1 (de) * | 1995-12-13 | 1997-03-27 | Inst Mikro Und Informationstec | Fluidpumpe |
-
1996
- 1996-11-25 DE DE19648694A patent/DE19648694C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-11-14 AT AT97119955T patent/ATE307292T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-14 DE DE59712449T patent/DE59712449D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-14 EP EP97119955A patent/EP0844395B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4223019C1 (de) | 1992-07-13 | 1993-11-18 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Ventillose Mikropumpe |
DE4422743A1 (de) | 1994-06-29 | 1996-01-04 | Torsten Gerlach | Mikropumpe |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1369587A2 (de) * | 2002-06-03 | 2003-12-10 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Pumpenventil |
EP1369587A3 (de) * | 2002-06-03 | 2005-04-27 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Pumpenventil |
US7059836B2 (en) | 2002-06-03 | 2006-06-13 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Pump |
DE102013015453A1 (de) | 2012-12-21 | 2014-07-10 | Thomas Magnete Gmbh | Hubkolbenpumpe mit zwei Förderrichtungen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0844395A3 (de) | 2001-01-10 |
DE59712449D1 (de) | 2006-03-02 |
ATE307292T1 (de) | 2005-11-15 |
EP0844395B1 (de) | 2005-10-19 |
DE19648694C1 (de) | 1998-04-30 |
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