EP0842381B1 - Verfahren und system zum anfahren eines durchlaufdampferzeugers - Google Patents

Verfahren und system zum anfahren eines durchlaufdampferzeugers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0842381B1
EP0842381B1 EP96924761A EP96924761A EP0842381B1 EP 0842381 B1 EP0842381 B1 EP 0842381B1 EP 96924761 A EP96924761 A EP 96924761A EP 96924761 A EP96924761 A EP 96924761A EP 0842381 B1 EP0842381 B1 EP 0842381B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
evaporator
evaporator tubes
water
feed
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96924761A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0842381A1 (de
Inventor
Rudolf Kral
Joachim Franke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0842381A1 publication Critical patent/EP0842381A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0842381B1 publication Critical patent/EP0842381B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
    • F22B35/06—Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B35/14—Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type during the starting-up periods, i.e. during the periods between the lighting of the furnaces and the attainment of the normal operating temperature of the steam boilers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for starting a Continuous steam generator with a number of burners for a fossil fuel combustion chamber, whose gastight surrounding wall is at least approximately vertical extending evaporator tubes is formed, through which the feed water flows from bottom to top. It also relates to a start-up system for implementation of the procedure.
  • the heating leads from the gastight surrounding wall of a combustion chamber forming vertically arranged tubes of an evaporator to a complete Evaporation of the flow medium in the evaporator tubes in one pass.
  • a circulation current is superimposed during start-up. Thereby should be due to correspondingly high speeds in the pipes these are safely cooled.
  • The is from continuous flow and superimposed circulating current existing minimum current with vertically arranged pipes in the surrounding walls the combustion chamber between 25% and 50% of the full load flow. This means that the steam generator load only when starting must be increased to at least 25% to 50% before the Efficient continuous operation with its high efficiency Steam outlet temperatures is reached.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a method to start up a continuous steam generator in which Start-up losses, especially due to excess removal Water, are largely avoided. This is said to be one suitable starting system for carrying out the method simple means can be achieved.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention solved in that the ratio of fuel flow to Feed water flow and before starting the water level in the Evaporator tubes can be set so that the feed water when passing through the evaporator completely evaporates so that no more water at the evaporator outlet is available.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that before Approach, i.e. before the first burner fired, the water level is driven to a defined height in the evaporator.
  • the water level in the evaporator tubes should on the one hand be high enough to adequately cool the evaporator tubes to ensure.
  • the water level in the evaporator tubes should not be too high for training one during the start-up process downstream of the start of evaporation to avoid resulting water clogging. While the starting process, i.e.
  • the (first) or each burner should then be per unit time amount of feed water to be supplied depending on the Amount of fuel supplied to burners per unit of time with the Aim to be set that even without a separator no water downstream in the evaporator Superheater heating surfaces.
  • the level of water i.e. the water level in the evaporator tubes
  • Differential pressure can be derived. Therefore, it becomes more convenient Continuing education for both identification and recruitment the water level in the evaporator tubes the pressure difference, preferably between the evaporator outlet and the evaporator inlet, determined.
  • the gastight surrounding wall evaporator tubes running at least approximately vertically has, the feed water side from bottom to top are flowable, the stated object is inventively solved by an adjustment device before starting of the continuous steam generator the water level in the evaporator tubes and when starting the continuous steam generator that Ratio of fuel flow to feed water flow like this sets that the feed water as it passes through the evaporator tubes completely evaporated.
  • the setting or control variable is expediently the evaporator throughput, i.e. the amount of the evaporator on the medium side feed water supplied per unit of time.
  • the adjustment device is therefore conveniently associated with an actuator and a flow sensor, which in a feed water pipe leading the evaporator are switched.
  • the setting device with an actuator and a flow sensor connected in one to the or each burner leading fuel line are switched.
  • the setting device is connected to an actuator, the one connected to the evaporator on the inlet side Drain line for drainage is switched.
  • the setting device is connected to means for determination the water level in the evaporator. Both for identification as well as to adjust the water level in the evaporator expediently at least two arranged along the evaporator Pressure sensors provided.
  • a connecting line between evaporator outlet and evaporator inlet provided in which a fitting, e.g. a check valve, to avoid backflow to the evaporator outlet, is switched.
  • the evaporator outlet can be connected via the connecting line any water present at the evaporator inlet are supplied if the existing pressure conditions allow it. Otherwise, this water can have a discharge line connected to the connecting line is discharged become.
  • the advantages achieved with the invention are in particular in that only by adjusting the ratio of Fuel flow to feed water flow already during start-up the live steam temperature to the required value can be set or regulated since there is no defined one Evaporation end point there more. With a start-up system with separating device would be held there due to the Evaporation end the live steam temperature accordingly the ratio of evaporator to superheater heating area inevitably adjust when starting, so that a regulation the fresh steam temperature to the required value is not possible during start-up.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment of the invention is based on a Drawing explained in more detail.
  • the figure shows schematically a continuous steam generator with vertical throttle cable and with an adjustment device of a start-up system.
  • the vertical throttle cable of the steam generator 1 according to FIG. 1 with rectangular cross section is formed by a surrounding wall 2, at the bottom of the throttle cable into a funnel-shaped Floor 3 merges.
  • Evaporator tubes 4 of the surrounding wall 2 are gas-tightly connected on their long sides, e.g. welded.
  • the bottom 3 includes a not shown Discharge opening 3a for ashes.
  • the lower area of the Surrounding wall 2 forms the one with a number of burners 5 provided combustion chamber 6 of the once-through steam generator 1.
  • the medium side i.e. of feed water or a water / water-steam mixture, parallel from bottom to top - or in the case of evaporator tube groups one behind the other - evaporator tubes flowed through 4 of the surrounding wall 2 are with their entry ends to an inlet header 8 and with its outlet ends connected to an outlet header 10.
  • the entry collector 8 and the outlet collector 10 are located outside the throttle cable and are e.g. each by an annular Tube formed.
  • the inlet header 8 is via a line 12 and one Collector 14 with the output of a high pressure preheater or Economizers 15 connected.
  • the heating surface of the economizer 15 is in a room above the combustion chamber 6 Surrounding wall 2 arranged.
  • the economizer 15 is on the input side via a collector 16 and a feed water line 18 connected to a heat exchanger 20 heated by steam D, connected to the pressure side of a feed water pump 22 is.
  • the suction side of the feed water pump 22 is in unspecified manner via a capacitor connected to a steam turbine and thus in its water-steam cycle switched.
  • the outlet header 10 is via a connecting line 24 and a branch line 26 with an inlet header 27 one High pressure superheater 28 connected within the containment wall 2 between the economizer 15 and the combustion chamber 6 is arranged.
  • the high pressure superheater 28 is during the Operation on the output side via a collector 30 with a high-pressure part connected to the steam turbine.
  • an intermediate superheater 32 is provided which Collector 34, 36 between the high pressure part and a medium pressure part the steam turbine is switched.
  • the Economizer 15, the high pressure superheater 28 and the reheater 32 are in the so-called convection or bulkhead heating surfaces Convection train of the once-through steam generator 1.
  • connection line 24 From the outlet collector 10 of the surrounding wall 2 of the convection train of the steam generator 1 to the lower-lying inlet header 27 of the high pressure superheater 28 guided connection line 24 is vertical up to the level of the entry collector 8, i.e. of the evaporator inlet, continued.
  • connection line 24 In the connecting line 24 is connected to a check valve 40.
  • drainage lines 42, 44 On both sides of the check valve 40 are on the connecting line 24 drainage lines 42, 44 connected, switched into the drainage valves 46 and 48, respectively are.
  • Feed water S In the feed water line 18 are in the direction of flow Feed water S behind the heat exchanger 20, a first valve 50 and a first flow sensor 52 switched.
  • the Flow sensor 52 is used to determine the per unit time amount of feed water led through the feed water line 18 S and thus to determine the feed water flow.
  • the led per unit of time via the feed water line 18 The amount of feed water S corresponds to that from the evaporator tubes 4 feed water volume supplied to existing evaporators and thus the evaporator throughput.
  • a second flow sensor 54 is in a fuel line 56 switched, the partial lines 58 in the burner 5 opens.
  • a second valve is in the fuel line 56 60 for setting the or each burner 5 per unit time supplied amount of fuel B and thus for adjustment of the fuel flow switched.
  • fuel B can Oil, gas or coal can be used.
  • the flow sensors 52 and 54 are connected via signal lines 62 and 64 to a controller module 66 as an adjusting device.
  • Another signal line 68 connected to the controller module 66 is connected via measuring lines 70 and 72 to pressure sensors 74 and 76, respectively, which are provided for measuring the pressure p E at the evaporator inlet and the pressure p A at the evaporator outlet.
  • the controller module 66 is also connected to the valves 50, 60 and 48 via control lines 78, 80 and 82.
  • the controller module 66 and the flow sensors 52, 54 and the valves 50 and 60 used to adjust the amount of feed water S and adjust the amount of fuel B are components of a start-up system 84 for starting the steam generator 1.
  • Other components of the start-up system 84 are Pressure sensors 74, 76 connected to controller module 66 via signal line 68 and valve 48 connected to controller module 66 via control line 82 for dewatering from the lower evaporator part.
  • the start-up system 84 is used to adjust the ratio of fuel flow to feed water flow with the aim that the feed water S evaporates completely as it passes through the evaporator tubes 4, so that there is no more water at the evaporator outlet, ie at the outlet header 10.
  • the water level H in the evaporator tubes 4 is raised to a defined height H min before starting in the evaporator, which is just above the burner 5. This is done, for example, by replenishing feed water S by means of the feed water pump 22 or by dewatering from the lower evaporator part via the drainage line 44.
  • the water level H in the evaporator tubes 4, ie the water level is set by means of a differential pressure measurement above the evaporator.
  • the differential pressure .DELTA.p A, E is fed to the controller module 66 via the signal line 68 as a measured value, which results from the difference between the pressures p A and p E measured by the pressure sensors 74 and 76 at the evaporator outlet or at the evaporator inlet.
  • the controller module 66 via the signal line 62 the measured by means of the flow sensor 52 current value of the amount of the evaporator, i.e. the evaporator tubes 4, feed water S supplied per unit of time transmitted.
  • This the controller block 66 from the flow sensor 52 supplied value corresponds to the current feed water flow and thus the evaporator throughput.
  • the level, i.e. the water level H, at time "fire ON" and the ratio of fuel flow to feed water flow chosen such that at the outlet header 10 pure steam is present so that no water in the superheater heating surface 28 flows.
  • the branch line 26 from the connecting line 24 is in Entry height of the superheater heating surface 28 is arranged. Thereby any water present in the outlet collector 10 flow past this branch to the superheater heating surface 28 and in the lower part of the vertical connecting line 24 collect. From there, this water can either discharged via the drain valve 46 or the inlet collector 8 of the evaporator are supplied. Alternatively, you can this possibly existing water between the line 12 between the economizer 15 and the inlet header 8 of the evaporator be fed. The check valve 40 backflow to the outlet header 10 is prevented.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
EP96924761A 1995-08-02 1996-07-19 Verfahren und system zum anfahren eines durchlaufdampferzeugers Expired - Lifetime EP0842381B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19528438A DE19528438C2 (de) 1995-08-02 1995-08-02 Verfahren und System zum Anfahren eines Durchlaufdampferzeugers
DE19528438 1995-08-02
PCT/DE1996/001343 WO1997005425A1 (de) 1995-08-02 1996-07-19 Verfahren und system zum anfahren eines durchlaufdampferzeugers

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0842381A1 EP0842381A1 (de) 1998-05-20
EP0842381B1 true EP0842381B1 (de) 2000-01-12

Family

ID=7768544

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96924761A Expired - Lifetime EP0842381B1 (de) 1995-08-02 1996-07-19 Verfahren und system zum anfahren eines durchlaufdampferzeugers

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5983639A (forum.php)
EP (1) EP0842381B1 (forum.php)
JP (1) JPH11510241A (forum.php)
DE (2) DE19528438C2 (forum.php)
IN (1) IN189235B (forum.php)
WO (1) WO1997005425A1 (forum.php)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19717158C2 (de) 1997-04-23 1999-11-11 Siemens Ag Durchlaufdampferzeuger und Verfahren zum Anfahren eines Durchlaufdampferzeugers
DE10039317A1 (de) * 2000-08-11 2002-04-11 Alstom Power Boiler Gmbh Dampferzeugeranlage
EP1288567A1 (de) * 2001-08-31 2003-03-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Anfahren eines Dampferzeugers mit einem in einer annähernd horizontalen Heizgasrichtung durchströmbaren Heizgaskanal und Dampferzeuger
EP1701091A1 (de) * 2005-02-16 2006-09-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Durchlaufdampferzeuger
EP2065641A3 (de) * 2007-11-28 2010-06-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betrieben eines Durchlaufdampferzeugers sowie Zwangdurchlaufdampferzeuger
US8381690B2 (en) 2007-12-17 2013-02-26 International Paper Company Controlling cooling flow in a sootblower based on lance tube temperature
EP2119880A1 (de) 2008-02-15 2009-11-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Anfahren eines Durchdampferzeugers
EP2180251A1 (de) * 2008-09-09 2010-04-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Durchlaufdampferzeuger
EP2182278A1 (de) * 2008-09-09 2010-05-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Durchlaufdampferzeuger
EP2180250A1 (de) * 2008-09-09 2010-04-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Durchlaufdampferzeuger
DE102010038883C5 (de) * 2010-08-04 2021-05-20 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Zwangdurchlaufdampferzeuger
DE102013215456A1 (de) 2013-08-06 2015-02-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Durchlaufdampferzeuger
US9541282B2 (en) 2014-03-10 2017-01-10 International Paper Company Boiler system controlling fuel to a furnace based on temperature of a structure in a superheater section
US9927231B2 (en) * 2014-07-25 2018-03-27 Integrated Test & Measurement (ITM), LLC System and methods for detecting, monitoring, and removing deposits on boiler heat exchanger surfaces using vibrational analysis
BR112017001511B1 (pt) 2014-07-25 2021-03-02 International Paper Company métodos, sistema e produto de programa de computador para detectar incrustações de um trocador de calor de uma caldeira
EP3048366A1 (de) * 2015-01-23 2016-07-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Abhitzedampferzeuger
US10345028B2 (en) * 2016-06-17 2019-07-09 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Evaporators, methods for defrosting an evaporator, and cooling apparatuses using the evaporator
US20210341140A1 (en) 2020-05-01 2021-11-04 International Paper Company System and methods for controlling operation of a recovery boiler to reduce fouling

Family Cites Families (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4072182A (en) * 1977-01-05 1978-02-07 International Power Technology, Inc. Pressure staged heat exchanger
US4241585A (en) * 1978-04-14 1980-12-30 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Method of operating a vapor generating system having integral separators and a constant pressure furnace circuitry
DE3166099D1 (en) * 1980-12-23 1984-10-25 Sulzer Ag Forced-circulation steam boiler
JPH04371712A (ja) * 1991-06-21 1992-12-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd ごみ焼却炉の燃焼制御方法
DE4342156C1 (de) * 1993-12-10 1995-04-20 Balcke Duerr Ag Anordnung zur Wirkungsgradverbesserung eines Kraftwerkes oder dergleichen
US5535687A (en) * 1994-08-25 1996-07-16 Raytheon Engineers & Constructors Circulating fluidized bed repowering to reduce Sox and Nox emissions from industrial and utility boilers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5983639A (en) 1999-11-16
IN189235B (forum.php) 2003-01-11
EP0842381A1 (de) 1998-05-20
DE19528438C2 (de) 1998-01-22
JPH11510241A (ja) 1999-09-07
WO1997005425A1 (de) 1997-02-13
DE19528438A1 (de) 1997-02-06
DE59604183D1 (de) 2000-02-17

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