EP0841433B1 - Rail fastening device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a device for fixing a railway rail on a sleeper.

Traditional fasteners include, generally and in particular on each side of the rail, a fastener elastically deformable fixed on said crosspiece by means of a anchor member (stud, lag screw ...).

This fastener is intended to rest on the skate or base of rail via an interlayer made with an insulating material from a point of electric view.

These devices further include a side stop disposed between, on the one hand, the base of the rail which rests, moreover, on an elastic sole and said cross member, on the other hand.

The lateral stop transmits the transverse forces from the rail to a shoulder made hollow in the crosspiece.

The fastener generally consists of a steel plate with spring with double bending provided with a central opening for the passage of the anchoring member.

The two bends are at perpendicular axes to allow elastic deformation by bending.

However, in such devices, the fastener retains, even after tightening of the anchoring member, a degree of freedom in rotation while the lateral stop has a degree of freedom in vertical translation parallel to the axis of the anchor member.

However, these freedoms of movement are highly prejudicial to mechanical strength of the device and increase the risk of breakage or premature wear.

The object of the present invention is to solve these problems techniques satisfactorily.

Document WO-A-91/11556 describes a fixing device of a railway rail on a sleeper, comprising a fastener form of elastically deformable plate intended to be fixed on a cross member by means of an anchoring member; an insulating interlayer, the fastener being intended to bear on the base of the rail via said insulating interlayer; and a lateral stop intended to be disposed between the base of the rail, which rests on an elastic sole, and said crosses.

The invention provides an improvement to this type of device which is characterized in that said connection is equipped of said insert so as to form an assembly, that said stop side has at least two cavities on its upper face symmetrical about its transverse axis, which are delimited on their lower edge by an inclined face; and that said insert has bosses with complementary profiles integral with the face lower of said interlayer, said cavities being intended to receive said bosses when tightening the fastener thereby forming means for locking in rotation of said fastener and in translation vertical of said stop.

According to an advantageous characteristic, the underside of said lateral stop is provided with a housing intended for engagement a tongue secured to the lateral end of the sole.

According to another characteristic, said insulating interlayer is provided with two clips for hanging on the inner edge of the fastener.

According to still other characteristics, the inclined faces respectively of the cavities of the stop and the corresponding bosses of the interlayer are parallel two by two.

Preferably, these same inclined faces are separated before tightening of the fastener by a play which depends on the initial bending of the fastener and which are, after tightening, in mutual support contact.

According to another characteristic, the height of the bosses of the interlayer is less than or equal to the depth of the cavities of the stop.

Preferably, the angles of the inclined faces of the bosses of the interlayer and the abutment cavities are between 20 ° and 70 °.

The device of the invention therefore comprises means for simple and effective blocking and wedging in the form of an interface geometrical between, on the one hand, the fastener equipped with its interlayer insulator and the lateral stop, on the other hand. The special geometry of this interface makes it possible to retain the interlayer, the fastener and the stop in optimal positions during the tightening phase of the organ anchor.

In addition, in the case where, before the tightening phase, the fastener does not would not be positioned correctly relative to the rail, that is to say that its transverse axis would not be strictly perpendicular to the axis longitudinal of the rail during subsequent tightening, the inclined faces of this interface will guide the interlayer, and therefore the attachment which is secured to the correct assembly position.

The good performance of the assembly is therefore guaranteed, which reduces, moreover, the risks of rupture or premature wear.

• la figure 1 représente une vue de dessus d'un mode de réalisation du dispositif de l'invention ;
• la figure 2 représente une vue en coupe transversale selon AA du mode de réalisation de la figure 1 ;
• la figure 3 représente une vue en perspective éclatée d'un mode de réalisation des moyens de calage selon l'invention ;
• les figures 4a et 4b sont des vues en coupe partielle selon CC respectivement avant et après serrage des moyens de calage selon l'invention ;
• la figure 5 représente une vue de dessus de la semelle utilisée dans le dispositif de l'invention.

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, accompanied by the drawings in which:

• Figure 1 shows a top view of an embodiment of the device of the invention;
• Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view along AA of the embodiment of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3 represents an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the wedging means according to the invention;
• Figures 4a and 4b are views in partial section along CC respectively before and after tightening of the wedging means according to the invention;
• FIG. 5 represents a top view of the sole used in the device of the invention.

The fixing device shown in Figures 1 and 2 is intended to secure a rail R rail on a sleeper T made for example of concrete.

This device comprises, on either side of the rail R, a fastener elastically deformable 1 in the form of a steel plate or blade fixed on the cross-member T by means of an anchoring member G such as a stud or lag screw.

The fastener 1 is supported on the shoe or base B of the rail R via a insulating insert 2 made, for example, of plastic.

The device also includes a lateral stop 3 in material plastic. This stop forming a spacer is disposed between, on the one hand, the base B of the rail R which rests on an elastic sole 4, and the crosses T, on the other hand. The housing L formed in the crosspiece T for receive the rail R is hollowed out delimiting shoulders lateral and if necessary, as shown in FIG. 1, a support surface inclined at an angle a to a plane horizontal whose value is a few degrees. The lateral stop 3 has on its underside, a housing 33 in which is engaged a tongue 43 secured to the lateral end of the sole 4 (see figure 5).

The tongue 43 extends only over the portion of the sole located facing the fixing device.

In the case where these devices are mounted offset by one side to side of the rail R (as shown in Figure 1) the tabs 43 are then also offset on the sole 4.

As shown in detail in Figure 3, the lateral stop 3 has on its upper face at least two cavities 31, 32 intended for receive when tightening the fastener 1 bosses 21,22 with profiles complementary to the underside of the interlayer insulator 2.

One can also provide, according to embodiments not shown, that the stop 3 has more than two cavities.

The cavities 31.32 as well as the corresponding bosses 21.22 are symmetrical with respect to the respective transverse axes of the stop 3 and tab 2.

Each cavity 31.32 is delimited on its inner edge by a inclined face 31a, 32a.

Likewise, each boss 21, 22 has a lateral face. inner 21a, 22a which is inclined, so that the side faces respective interior of the cavities 31, 32 of the stop 3 and the bosses 21.22 of the interlayer 2 are substantially parallel two by two.

However, in certain specific cases, it may be useful to provide that the inclination of the interior lateral faces of the cavity and of the boss corresponding to one of the sides of the assembly, or different the inclination relative to the same faces on the other side.

Preferably, the inclinations of these faces is understood between 20º and 70º.

Given the relative positions of tab 2 and the lateral stop 3 in the assembly of the device, the bosses 21, 22 are carried by arms 2a extending towards the rear of the interlayer 2 in moving away from the rail R. The interlayer 2 is provided with two clamps 20 in U ensuring attachment to the front edge of the fastener 1.

The stop 3 has a profile substantially square with a side 3a which is arranged in contact with the internal lateral wall in the shoulder of the housing L of the cross member T reserved for the rail R. The upper side 3b of the stop 3 has a circular cutout 30 allowing its axial positioning in front of the clamping member G.

Figures 4a and 4b show views in partial section of the device of the invention, according to the plane CC of FIG. 1.

Before tightening (Figure 4a), the fastener 1 is doubly bent and the respective inclined faces 21a, 31a and 22a, 32a of the cavities 31, 32 and bosses 21,22 are separated by a clearance J depending on the value of the initial bending. This game J is generally between a few tenths of a millimeter and a few millimeters. Attachment 1 and tab 2 are positioned so that the axis of symmetry of the fastener is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail R.

In the tightening phase (Figure 4b), the fastener 1 and the interlayer 2 descend vertically under the effect of the compression of the tongue 43 of the lateral end of the sole 4 which is engaged in the lower housing 33 of the stop 3.

Jointly, tightening also has the effect of smoothing the fastener 1 by gradually and elastically reducing its bending.

The elastic deformations due to both the flattening of the fastener 1 and / or the compression of the sole cause the reduction from clearance J until mutual support contact of the inclined faces respective bosses 21,22 and cavities 31,32.

There may nevertheless remain a slight vertical clearance between the faces. lower bosses 21,22 and the bottom of the cavities 31,32 as shown in Figure 4b because the height of the bosses 21.22 is less than or equal to the depth of the cavities 31.32.

The progressive reduction in clearance J is also accompanied by a correct repositioning of the fastener 1 which is oriented and moved automatically rotating around the axis of the clamping member.

This rotation is guided by sliding the inclined faces until the axis of symmetry of the fastener is exactly perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of rail R.

At the end of tightening, the action-reaction force between the stop 3 and the interlayer 2 which is exerted on the inclined faces prohibits all rotational movement of the attachment 1 / interlayer 2 assembly as well that any displacement in vertical translation of the lateral stop 3.

This interlocking blocking is also resiliently maintained thanks to the spring effects produced by the fastener 1, and the sole 4 arranged under the rail.

Claims (8)

1. Device for fixing a railway rail to a sleeper, comprising an elastically deformable plate-shaped fastening (1) intended to be fixed to a sleeper by means of an anchoring body; an insulating spacer (2), the fastening being intended to bear on the base of the rail via said insulating spacer; and a side stop (3) intended to be arranged between the base of the rail, which rests on a resilient pad, and said sleeper, characterised in that said fastening (1) is equipped with said spacer (2) so as to form an assembly, that said side stop (3) comprises on its upper face at least two cavities (31, 32) symmetrical with respect to its transverse axis, which are delimited on their inner edge by a sloping face (31a, 32a); and that said spacer (2) comprises bosses (21, 22) with complementary profiles integral with the lower face of said spacer, said cavities (31, 32) being intended to receive said bosses (21, 22) when the fastening is tightened, thus forming means for blocking said fastening (1) in rotation and for blocking said stop (3) in vertical translation.
2. Device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the lower face of said side stop (3) is provided with a housing (33) intended for the engagement of a tab (43) integral with the side end of the pad (4).
3. Device according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that said insulating spacer (2) is provided with two clamps (20) for fixing to the front edge of the fastening (1).
4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sloping faces (31 a, 32a, 21 a, 22a) respectively of the cavities (31, 32) of the stop (3) and of the corresponding bosses (21, 22) of the spacer (2) are parallel in twos.
5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sloping faces respectively of the cavities (31, 32) of the stop (3) and of the corresponding bosses (21, 22) of the spacer (2) are separated before tightening of the fastening by an amount of play (J) that depends on the initial bending of the fastening (1).
6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sloping faces respectively of the cavities (31, 32) of the stop (3) and of the corresponding bosses (21, 22) of the spacer (2) bear against each other in contact after the fastening (1) is tightened.
7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the height of the bosses (21, 22) of the spacer (2) is less than or equal to the depth of the cavities (31, 32) of the stop (3).
8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the angles of the sloping faces (21a, 22a, 31 a, 32a) of the bosses (21, 22) of the spacer (2) and of the cavities (31, 32) of the stop (3) lie between 20° and 70°.

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