EP0835530B1 - Hochtemperatur-brennstoffzellenanlage und verfahren zu ihrem betrieb - Google Patents
Hochtemperatur-brennstoffzellenanlage und verfahren zu ihrem betrieb Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0835530B1 EP0835530B1 EP96918609A EP96918609A EP0835530B1 EP 0835530 B1 EP0835530 B1 EP 0835530B1 EP 96918609 A EP96918609 A EP 96918609A EP 96918609 A EP96918609 A EP 96918609A EP 0835530 B1 EP0835530 B1 EP 0835530B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- temperature fuel
- cell block
- temperature
- heating element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
- H01M2008/147—Fuel cells with molten carbonates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0048—Molten electrolytes used at high temperature
- H01M2300/0051—Carbonates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
- H01M2300/0071—Oxides
- H01M2300/0074—Ion conductive at high temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a high-temperature fuel cell system and a process for their operation.
- natural gas serves as the primary energy source in the high-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC).
- SOFC solid oxide fuel cell
- the very compact structure enables a power density of 1 MW / m 3 .
- Operating temperatures T 0 of over 900 ° C result.
- a fuel cell block that is also in the specialist literature "Stack” is usually made up of a large number of planar and stacked Fuel cells together.
- a fuel cell system which comprises at least one fuel cell block, with a high, constant operating temperature T 0 of, for example, over 900 ° C.
- T 0 constant operating temperature
- the fuel cell blocks currently being implemented have relatively low outputs and have dimensions on a laboratory scale. They are brought to the operating temperature T 0 of approx. 600 ° C with the MCFC (Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell) or approx. 950 ° C with the SOFC in an oven and operated in the oven. This solution is not practical for fuel cell blocks with larger outputs and dimensions.
- DE 42 23 291 A1 describes a fuel cell system unit known, which comprises a cell stack, which consists of a Large number of individual fuel cells.
- a Device arranged outside the fuel cell system unit heated to increase the temperature at the start of operation water flowing through the fuel cell system unit, thereby the individual fuel cells to a predetermined Temperature to be preheated.
- a method is known from DE 40 37 970 A1, in which with a hot exhaust gas from a fuel cell stack is heated for the fuel cell stack.
- a Such a method is also known from EP 0 654 838 A1.
- the invention is based on the object of a high-temperature fuel cell system specify at which the high temperature fuel cells not dirty when heated or to be damaged.
- a method of operation is said to be specified such a high temperature fuel cell system become.
- the first-mentioned task is solved by a high-temperature fuel cell system with at least one high-temperature fuel cell block, to warm it at least one Electric heating element is provided, the heating element arranged outside the high temperature fuel cell block and the space between the Heating element and the high temperature fuel cell block is filled with heat-conducting material.
- the second task is solved by a method for Operate a high temperature fuel cell system with at least one high temperature fuel cell block, wherein the high temperature fuel cell block from the outside with at least an electrical heating element via a thermally conductive Material is heated.
- the thermally conductive material between the heating element and the High temperature fuel cell block ensures a special favorable heat transfer between the electrical Heating element and the high temperature fuel cell block.
- the heating element can also be tight on the outer wall of the fuel cell block.
- the electrical heating element is preferably within a High temperature fuel cell canister with thermal insulation arranged. This means that little heat is generated from the High-temperature fuel cell containers released into the environment.
- the high temperature fuel cell block according to the invention with at least one electrical Heating element warmed.
- the electric heating element the high-temperature fuel cell block is independent of the heat produced in the reaction process is heated.
- no flue gas is used.
- the High temperature fuel cell block is not in a special Oven warmed, d. H. that the procedure on any Configuration of high temperature fuel cell blocks is applicable.
- the process is therefore independent of the performance and dimensions of the high-temperature fuel cell blocks and therefore also independent of the dimensions the high-temperature fuel cell system.
- the high-temperature fuel cell block is preferably heated from an initial temperature to the necessary operating temperature T 0 .
- No equipment, for example hydrogen H 2 or oxygen O 2 is required for heating. This saves costs for operating resources during the heating of the high-temperature fuel cell block.
- the high-temperature fuel cell block is kept at the necessary operating temperature T 0 .
- An electrical control circuit can be provided for this.
- power fluctuations due to fluctuations in the operating temperature T 0 are compensated for or avoided.
- the high-temperature fuel cell block no longer has to be raised to the required operating temperature T 0 , which saves costs for resources and also time.
- a high temperature fuel cell system 2 includes a high temperature fuel cell system 2 a high-temperature fuel cell block 4, which in an anode part 6 with anode gas spaces not shown and a cathode part 8 with not shown Cathode gas spaces is divided.
- the high temperature fuel cell block 4 is a variety of planar constructed, not shown high-temperature fuel cells composed as e.g. from the German Patent P 39 35 722.8 are known.
- an inverter 16 connected to that of the high temperature fuel cell block 4 generated direct current in alternating current for a here converts power grid not shown.
- the high temperature fuel cell block 4 is in a high temperature fuel cell container 10 with thermal insulation 9 arranged on the inner walls. Also are each in the interior 11 of the high-temperature fuel cell container 10 outside the high temperature fuel cell block 4 two electric heating elements 12, 14 arranged. she are located on two opposite walls. Otherwise is the space between the fuel cell block 4 and the and the heating elements 12, 14 with heat-conducting material 13, 15 filled out. The heat transfer between the electrical Heating elements 12, 14 and the high temperature fuel cell block 4 is through the thermally conductive material 13, 15th improved.
- the electrical heating elements 12, 14 are in thermal Contact with the high temperature fuel cell block 4.
- Zum No flue gas is required here for heating.
- the procedure is based on any configuration of high temperature fuel cell blocks applicable. It is thus regardless of the performance and dimensions of the Fuel cell blocks and therefore just as independent of the Dimensions of the fuel cell system 2.
- This method heats the high-temperature fuel cell block 4 to its operating temperature T 0 or keeps it there during short breaks in operation.
- the temperature T of the high-temperature fuel cell block 4 is regulated.
- the temperature T as a controlled variable is continuously detected by a temperature sensor 62, which is applied tightly on an outer wall of the high-temperature fuel cell block 4, and is switched to a control unit 54 via an electrical signal line 60.
- the operating temperature To as a reference variable is made available to the control unit 54 with a setpoint generator 56 via an electrical signal line 58.
- the controlled variable T is continuously compared with the reference variable T 0 . In the sense of an adjustment to the reference variable T 0 , the electrical heating elements 12, 14 are heated accordingly via the electrical lines 50, 52.
- a cathode system 20 is assigned to the cathode part 8, which comprises an access path 22 and an exit path 24.
- the process gas for the cathode part 8 for example oxygen O 2
- the process gas is fed via the inlet 22 with a compressor 26 into the high-temperature fuel cell block 4.
- the process gas is discharged via path 24 after the reaction.
- a first heat exchanger 28 is arranged in the inlet 22, in which the process exhaust gas heats the supplied process gas for the cathode part 8.
- the process exhaust gas of the cathode part 8 via the path 24 of a device 38 supplied for processing the residual gases. From this facility 38 the processed gases are discharged through a discharge line 40 diverted for further use.
- An anode system 30 is assigned to anode part 6, which comprises a feed path 32 and a drain path 34.
- the process gas for the anode part 6, for example hydrogen H 2 is fed in via the inlet 32.
- a second heat exchanger 36 is arranged in the inlet 32, in which the process exhaust gas discharged from the anode part 6 via the outlet 34 heats the process gas supplied to the anode part 6.
- the path 34 opens into the device 38 for processing the residual gases.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Description
Claims (5)
- Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenanlage (2) mit mindestens einem Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenblock (4), zu dessen Erwärmung mindestens ein elektrisches Heizelement (12, 14) vorgesehen ist, wobei das Heizelement (12, 14) außerhalb des Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenblocks (4) angeordnet ist und wobei der Zwischenraum zwischen dem Heizelement (12, 14) und dem Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenblock (4) durch wärmeleitendes Material (13, 15) zur Verbesserung der Wärmeübertragung ausgefüllt ist.
- Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenanlage (2) nach Anspruch 1, bei dem das elektrische Heizelement (12, 14) innerhalb eines Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenbehälters (10) mit thermischer Isolierung (9) angeordnet ist.
- Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenanlage (2) mit mindestens einem Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenblock (4) nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenblock (4) von außen mit mindestens einem elektrischen Heizelement (12, 14) über ein wärmeleitendes Material (13, 15) erwärmt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, bei dem der Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenblock (4) auf seine Betriebstemperatur T0 erwärmt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, bei dem der Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenblock (4) auf seiner Betriebstemperatur T0 gehalten wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19523973 | 1995-06-30 | ||
DE19523973A DE19523973C1 (de) | 1995-06-30 | 1995-06-30 | Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenanlage und Verfahren zu ihrem Betrieb |
PCT/DE1996/001116 WO1997002614A1 (de) | 1995-06-30 | 1996-06-25 | Hochtemperatur-brennstoffzellenanlage und verfahren zu ihrem betrieb |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0835530A1 EP0835530A1 (de) | 1998-04-15 |
EP0835530B1 true EP0835530B1 (de) | 1999-12-08 |
Family
ID=7765751
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96918609A Expired - Lifetime EP0835530B1 (de) | 1995-06-30 | 1996-06-25 | Hochtemperatur-brennstoffzellenanlage und verfahren zu ihrem betrieb |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0835530B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH11508725A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE187580T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU700724B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2225815A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19523973C1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0835530T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2141508T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997002614A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6124050A (en) * | 1996-05-07 | 2000-09-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process for operating a high temperature fuel cell installation, and high temperature fuel cell installation |
DE19637207C2 (de) * | 1996-09-12 | 1998-07-02 | Siemens Ag | Anlage und Verfahren zur Energieerzeugung |
ATE218754T1 (de) | 1997-11-25 | 2002-06-15 | Sulzer Hexis Ag | Brennstoffzellenmodul mit integrierter zusatzheizung |
CA2368891A1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for cold-starting a fuel cell battery, and fuel cell battery suitable for this method |
DE19922922A1 (de) * | 1999-05-19 | 2000-11-23 | Siemens Ag | Hochtemperatur-Membran-Brennstoffzelle, Verfahren zum Betreiben einer HTM-Brennstoffzellenbatterie und HTM-Brennstoffzellenbatterie |
DE19943690C2 (de) * | 1999-09-06 | 2001-08-02 | Mannesmann Ag | Brennstoffzellensystem zum Betreiben einer elektrischen Maschine und Verfahren zum Starten eines Brennstoffzellensystems |
WO2005078841A2 (de) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-08-25 | Avl List Gmbh | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur bestimmung von betriebsparametern von einzelzellen oder kurzstacks von brennstoffzellen |
DE102007028299A1 (de) * | 2007-06-20 | 2008-12-24 | Daimler Ag | Brennstoffzellenanordnung mit belüftetem Brennstoffzellengehäuse |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL107965C (de) * | 1957-09-12 | |||
DE1496128A1 (de) * | 1963-04-20 | 1969-06-12 | Roosen Dr Ing R | Verfahren und Anordnung zur Heizung von elektrochemischen Brennstoffelementen |
DE1496346A1 (de) * | 1965-12-29 | 1969-05-14 | Varta Ag | Verfahren zur Aufheizung von Brennstoffbatterien |
FR1585403A (de) * | 1968-04-19 | 1970-01-23 | ||
US3718506A (en) * | 1971-02-22 | 1973-02-27 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Fuel cell system for reacting hydrocarbons |
JPS59209280A (ja) * | 1983-05-13 | 1984-11-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 溶融塩燃料電池装置 |
JPS6261276A (ja) * | 1985-09-12 | 1987-03-17 | Inoue Japax Res Inc | エネルギ供給装置 |
JPS62122073A (ja) * | 1985-11-22 | 1987-06-03 | Hitachi Ltd | 燃料電池収納タンク |
JPS63168972A (ja) * | 1986-12-29 | 1988-07-12 | Hitachi Ltd | 燃料電池 |
DE3935722A1 (de) * | 1989-10-26 | 1991-05-02 | Siemens Ag | Festelektrolyt-hochtemperatur-brennstoffzellenmodul |
DE4037970A1 (de) * | 1989-12-21 | 1991-06-27 | Asea Brown Boveri | Verfahren zur selbsttaetigen inbetriebsetzung einer oder mehrerer, mit kohlenwasserstoffen betriebenen hochtemperatur-brennstoffzellen |
JPH0828230B2 (ja) * | 1990-04-23 | 1996-03-21 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 燃料電池の運転方法及びその発電システム |
JPH0521084A (ja) * | 1991-07-17 | 1993-01-29 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | ユニツト組立型燃料電池発電システム |
EP0654838A1 (de) * | 1993-11-24 | 1995-05-24 | Sulzer Innotec Ag | Einrichtung mit Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellen und Verfahren zum Anfahrbetrieb der Einrichtung |
FI110218B (fi) * | 1993-12-30 | 2002-12-13 | Fortum Oil & Gas Oy | Menetelmiä ja laitteisto sähkökemiallisten laitteiden jäähtymisen estämiseksi |
-
1995
- 1995-06-30 DE DE19523973A patent/DE19523973C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-06-25 EP EP96918609A patent/EP0835530B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-25 DK DK96918609T patent/DK0835530T3/da active
- 1996-06-25 AU AU61212/96A patent/AU700724B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-06-25 WO PCT/DE1996/001116 patent/WO1997002614A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1996-06-25 JP JP9504699A patent/JPH11508725A/ja active Pending
- 1996-06-25 CA CA002225815A patent/CA2225815A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-06-25 AT AT96918609T patent/ATE187580T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-25 DE DE59603873T patent/DE59603873D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-25 ES ES96918609T patent/ES2141508T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59603873D1 (de) | 2000-01-13 |
AU6121296A (en) | 1997-02-05 |
EP0835530A1 (de) | 1998-04-15 |
DE19523973C1 (de) | 1996-12-19 |
AU700724B2 (en) | 1999-01-14 |
CA2225815A1 (en) | 1997-01-23 |
ES2141508T3 (es) | 2000-03-16 |
DK0835530T3 (da) | 2000-05-29 |
JPH11508725A (ja) | 1999-07-27 |
WO1997002614A1 (de) | 1997-01-23 |
ATE187580T1 (de) | 1999-12-15 |
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