Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00314—Arrangements permitting a rapid heating of the heating liquid
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
  • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
  • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
  • B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
  • B60H1/00907—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant changes and an evaporator becomes condenser
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
  • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
  • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
  • B60H2001/00935—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising four way valves for controlling the fluid direction

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for modifying the temperature of an air flow to be sent into the passenger compartment of a vehicle, by heat exchange with an evaporator in which circulates a fluid which also passes through a compressor and through an expansion valve. , this process comprising a mode of cooling the air flow in which said fluid is successively circulated in the evaporator, in the compressor, in a condenser where it transfers heat to another medium and in a pressure reducer.
• Such a method is conventionally used for air conditioning the passenger compartment of the vehicle, in particular of a vehicle with an internal combustion engine or an electric motor.
• the heat produced by the engine is usually used, for example by passing the air flow in contact with a heating radiator through which a engine cooling.
• FR-A-2717126 plans to complete the process by a method of reheating the air flow in which the fluid leaving the compressor is sent to the evaporator, without passing through a condenser.
• the heating mode which can be used for heating the passenger compartment, especially when the engine is cold, thus calls on the existing air conditioning system, with minor modifications.
• the calorific power generated in the heating mode is determined by the mass flow produced by the compressor, itself a function of its drive speed and as a result of the engine speed. This power may be greater or less than that required for heating the passenger compartment.
• the object of the invention is to adapt the calorific power produced by the evaporator in all circumstances to the heating needs of the vehicle.
• the vehicle has a drive motor, the operation of which gives off heat and the reheating mode is used to heat the passenger compartment in periods when the heat supplied by the engine is insufficient for this purpose.
• the device according to the invention can include at least some of the following features: -
• the pressure reducer and the pressure regulator are placed respectively in the second branch and in the third branch.
• the fluid transfer means comprise a fourth branch connecting the second branch to a connection point located on the first branch between the outlet of the evaporator and the inlet of the compressor, and suitable for allowing the circulation of the fluid exclusively from the second branch to said connection point, and a stop valve interposed in the first branch, between the evaporator and the connection point, and controlled so as to interrupt the circulation of the fluid exclusively when the heating loop is established by the switching means, and for a limited period.
• the switching means comprise a four-way valve connected to the downstream ends of the first and fourth branches and to the upstream ends of the second and third branches, suitable for taking a first position in which it puts the first and second branches in relation to establish the cooling loop and a second position in which it connects on the one hand the first and third branches to establish the heating loop, on the other hand the second and fourth branches to activate the transfer means when the stop valve is closed.
• the four-way valve in its first position, also connects the third and fourth branches, and one-way circulation means are provided to prevent the flow of fluid in the third branch towards the four-way valve.
• Unidirectional circulation means are provided to allow the fluid to flow in the second branch, downstream of the condenser, only in the direction of the evaporator and only for a given differential pressure.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams of the fluid circuit of a device according to the invention for the air conditioning and heating of the passenger compartment of a vehicle, respectively in the two modes of the method according to the invention.
• this circuit circulates a fluid capable of passing from the liquid state to the gaseous state by absorbing heat, and from the gaseous state to the liquid state by yielding heat, as is the case so usual in vehicle air conditioning systems.
• the components of the circuit are also encountered in the usual way in these same air conditioning installations.
• the illustrated circuit comprises three branches 1, 2 and 3 which are connected to each other at two junction points A and B.
• the branch 1 contains a compressor 4 which circulates the fluid there from point A to point B, and an evaporator 5 placed upstream of the compressor.
• the branch 2 contains, from point B to point A, a condenser 6, a bottle 7, a non-return valve 8 with integrated differential pressure regulation and a pressure reducer 10.
• a fluid accumulator 11 and a shut-off valve 12 are interposed in this order, on branch 1, between the evaporator 5 and the compressor 4.
• branch 3 from point B to point A, there is a fluid reservoir 13, a non-return valve 14 and a pressure regulator 15 associated with a control unit 16.
• the solenoid valve 19 is controlled so as to take two positions corresponding respectively to the two figures. In that of FIG. 1, the valve communicates on the one hand its channels numbered 1 and 2, on the other hand its channels numbered 3 and 4. The fluid then circulates in a closed loop formed by the branches 1 and 2, the non-return valves 14 and 18 preventing any circulation in the other two branches.
• This loop functions like a conventional air conditioning circuit, the fluid passing from the liquid state to the gaseous state in the evaporator 5 by absorbing heat and from the gaseous state to the liquid state in the condenser 6 by yielding heat.
• the heat absorbed in the evaporator 5 can be taken, directly or indirectly, from an air flow to be sent into the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
• the valve 19 communicates on the one hand its channels 1 and 3, on the other hand its channels 2 and 4.
• the fluid therefore circulates, when the valve 12 is open, in a closed loop constituted by branches 1 and 3.
• the fluid then passes through the compressor 4, the pressure regulator 15 which ensures expansion, and the evaporator 5.
• the non-return valve 8 prevents it from reaching the condenser from point A. No longer passing through a condenser, the fluid remains permanently in the gaseous state.
• the evaporator 5 therefore no longer plays the role of evaporator, but continues to play the role of heat exchanger, making it possible to dissipate a large part of the heat produced by the compression of the fluid in the compressor 4, this heat being able to be used for interior heating when the vehicle's engine is cold.
• the circulating fluid being at a temperature higher than ambient temperature, an air flow to be sent into the passenger compartment can be heated directly in contact with the evaporator.
• the unit 16 controls the pressure regulator 15 so as to obtain therefrom, and consequently at the inlet of the evaporator 5, a desired fluid pressure. It is in fact the pressure of the fluid entering the evaporator which determines the calorific power produced by it.
• the set pressure is for example calculated from the temperature of the outside atmosphere and the temperature inside the passenger compartment. If the pressure at the outlet of the regulator 15 remains below the set value, the unit 16 momentarily controls the closing of the valve 12. The fluid sucked in by the compressor 4 then necessarily comes from the condenser 6 through the branch 17, and increases the mass of fluid contained in the loop 1, 3.
• the valve 12 is opened again for example at the end of a fixed closing time, or after the compressor has made a fixed number of revolutions since its closing .
• the fluid pressure at the outlet of the valve 12 is then again higher than in the branch 17, and the flow in the latter is again interrupted.
• the circulation in the closed loop 1, 3 resumes with an increased mass of fluid, allowing a pressure at the outlet of the regulator 15, and a calorific flow rate of the evaporator 5, also increased.

Landscapes

• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9488687

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (18)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 1996
  • 1996-01-31 FR FR9601164A patent/FR2744071B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1997
  • 1997-01-17 WO PCT/FR1997/000083 patent/WO1997028015A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-01-17 US US08/930,882 patent/US6041849A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-01-17 EP EP97900663A patent/EP0824414A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1997-01-17 JP JP9527344A patent/JPH11510456A/ja active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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