EP0819903A1 - Brown coal drying plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The fluidised steam bed dryer has at least two drying units with a heat transfer unit (16) divided by a partition (19) into at least two vertically aligned fluidised bed cells (20,21). Each heat transfer unit comprises at least one bundle (54,55) of heat exchanger tubes arranged in V or U configuration. Each heat transfer unit can have two superposed bundles of tubes. The steam distributor chamber and condensation collecting chamber of each bundle can be mounted on the same side of a dryer unit but offset by 180 degrees relative to two superposed bundles. The heat exchanger tubes pass through the partition.

Description

The invention relates to a system for steam fluidized bed drying broken raw lignite according to the Features in the preamble of claim 1.

As a consequent further development of lignite-based electricity generation is the use of power plants of great performance and upstream drying of the raw lignite.

• der hohe Wassergehalt von 50 % - 60 % der Rohbraunkohle,
• der erforderliche niedrige Wassergehalt für Folgeprodukte, wie Briketts, Koks oder Kohlenstaub von 12 % - 18 % für eine stoffliche Nutzung,
• der erforderliche niedrige Wassergehalt für eine rationelle energetische Nutzung in Verbrennungsanlagen in einem Dampfkraftwerksprozeß, einem Gas-Dampf-Kombiprozeß mit integrierter vorgeschalteter Kohlevergasung- oder Druckwirbelschichtverbrennungsanlage.

Characteristics for brown coal drying plants are:

• the high water content of 50% - 60% of raw lignite,
• the required low water content for secondary products such as briquettes, coke or coal dust of 12% - 18% for material use,
• the required low water content for a rational energetic use in incineration plants in a steam power plant process, a gas-steam combination process with an integrated upstream coal gasification or pressure fluidized bed combustion plant.

The upstream is separate for this power plant technology Drying is essential. The possible increase in efficiency through an energetically favorable The greater the drying process, the higher the drying process water content to be reduced.

In addition to drying in tube dryers, there is also Steam fluidized bed drying of the broken raw lignite known. Such steam fluidized bed dryers belong to inter alia by DE-OS 37 24 960 or DD 224 649 A1 on the prior art. The broken one Raw lignite using steam as Fluidizing fluidized. By contacting the raw lignite with the heat exchanger wall and by convective heat transfer the resulting coal water vapor and the The so-called drag air is used to heat the raw lignite and expelled water.

In the future, the performance of lignite power plants rising more and more. The previously used lignite drying processes then the demands made can only withstand to a limited extent as drying systems integrated in power plants with dryer throughputs of 120 t / h raw coal are targeted. To guarantee the highest possible availability and operational reliability the power plant blocks will be built as part of an older but not pre-published European patent application proposed the required amount of coal on a dryer line consisting of several drying units split up.

Each drying unit includes a modular design a trigger unit in a vertical stacking arrangement for dried brown coal, one nozzle base unit, one Heat exchanger unit, a steam fluidized bed dryer unit and a feed unit for raw lignite.

This concept ensures that the availability of a Power plant with more than 7500 operating hours per year is not affected by the coal predrying.

Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is one by the features in the preamble of the claim 1 characterized lignite drying plant technical and economical, in particular through an efficient design of the heat exchanger unit, while improving the stability of the fluidized bed operating conditions, continue to improve.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in those listed in the characterizing part of claim 1 Characteristics.

After that, each heat exchanger unit is now through functionally designed partitions in at least divided into two vertically aligned fluidized bed cells. In this way, the fluidized bed or Area of the fluidized bed of a drying unit in its dimensions are adjusted so that stable Fluid bed operating conditions are present.

The large fluidized bed area of a drying unit is thus divided into several, preferably two smaller areas of the fluidized bed cells. The stable and homogeneous fluidized bed in the individual fluidized bed cells enables an intensive heat transfer and a high drying success. Also with regard to litigation there is a significant improvement in the overall system, because the fluidized bed in the fluidized bed cells reacts much less sensitive to changing Operating parameters, for example when abandoning Charcoal of different moisture content.

The fluidized bed cells preferably have dimensions of 2 × 2 m, so that fluidized bed areas of 4 m ² result.

According to the features of claim 2, each heat exchanger unit comprises at least one bundle U-shaped or V-shaped configured heat exchanger tubes.

The heat exchanger tubes are fed with heating steam. This condenses on the inner walls due to the cooling heat transfer during drying. The inclination of the Heat exchanger tubes ensure a continuous drain the resulting condensate. As beneficial has shown an inclination between 1 ° and 5 °.

Due to the hairpin-like design of the heat exchanger tubes are also stretching problems due to Temperature fluctuations avoided during operation.

An efficient design of the heat exchanger unit forms the embodiment according to claim 3. This enables a compact design.

This configuration also makes it extraordinary favorable conditions for heat transfer created. The installable heat transfer surfaces are optimally tailored to the requirements in terms of plant technology Fluid bed conditions are tunable and lead to one good heat transfer. Local temperature differences are avoided or immediately compensated.

The bundles are easily accessible from the outside. Steam pipes are not cut. This leads to in particular Maintenance or repair measures for advantages.

According to the features of claim 4, each heat exchanger unit has at least two bundles on top of each other U-shaped or V-shaped configured heat exchanger tubes on. The steam distribution chamber and the The condensate collection chamber of each bundle is on the same Side of a drying unit provided. Two on top of each other lying bundles are each offset by 180 °. The bundles' entrances are then on top of each other opposite sides of the heat exchanger unit. As a result, the available space is both optimal in terms of height and accessibility exploited.

The arrangement of the bundles on top of one another furthermore achieved that the fluidized bed with the heating medium is crossed several times, at least twice. This gives there is a temperature equalization in the fluidized bed.

Elliptical heat exchanger tubes are preferably used Commitment. Elliptical tubes have the advantage that at same heating bed volume can be. They are also easy to clean, because adhering carbon particles easily detach.

Basically, it is possible to use every fluidized bed cell to be equipped with a heat exchanger tube bundle. Claim 5 In contrast, provides that a heat exchanger tube bundle is provided, the heat exchanger tubes the partition push through. The two fluidized bed cells one The drying unit is then a common bundle assigned by heat exchanger tubes.

The partition is expediently perforated and the heat exchanger tubes are guided through these openings. The Partition therefore takes on additional supporting and stabilizing functions for the heat exchanger tube bundle.

Another advantageous embodiment of the general inventive concept is in the features of claim 6 characterized. Every bundle of heat exchanger tubes is thereby in a support structure made of horizontal and vertical support elements. That stabilized so Bundle is mounted across the heat exchanger unit.

This way the bundles can be handled as well Units are completely prefabricated. Such units are easy to transport. Installation at the power plant site is feasible.

According to the features of claim 7, all steam fluidized bed dryer units open out of the individual drying units in a common steam collection chamber. About the Steam collection chamber becomes the hydro-steam of the individual Drying units deducted and a corresponding Aftertreatment with a dedusting or filter system and / or an overheating device.

This will make the otherwise required number of separate Pipelines for hydro-steam routing from the drying units and the number of connections and valves reduced. This leads to a plant engineering Improvement of the brown coal drying plant. The system costs as well as the operating and Maintenance costs of the lignite drying plant will be reduced by this measure. Furthermore, achieved an increase in efficiency because of the steam collecting chamber a flow-comparing effect the steam downstream side is achieved.

A particularly advantageous development of the general The inventive concept is in the features of claim 8 to see what the output of the steam fluidized bed dryer units flow-equalizing internals are arranged.

Due to the pressure loss that the internals cause an equalization of the flow conditions in all Drying units reached. This leads to that almost the same amount of hydro-steam in all drying units is subtracted, regardless of how far the individual Drying units removed from the fume cupboard are.

Furthermore, the flow becomes more entrained on the internals Dust deposited. This will not only the useful performance of a drying unit increases, but downstream dust extraction systems are also relieved. Overall, the load on the entire steam cycle becomes a plant is reduced by coal dust.

Basically, the internals can be of various types Wisely designed in different configurations be. For example, it is also a network-like training conceivable.

A solution which is particularly advantageous in practice exists in that the internals by at least one layer To form grate floor unit.

Such a grate floor unit can cross from the hydro-steam flow arranged profile bodies, such as angle irons and the like exist. The arrangement and passage openings are here on the hydro-steam cycle coordinated depending on the system parameters.

According to the features of claim 9 it is provided that two drying units each have a common extraction unit assigned. As a result, both plant engineering as well as a cost improvement reached the drying plant.

An advantageous design of the task unit for the Raw lignite is characterized in the features of claim 10.

The task unit then comprises at least one cellular wheel sluice, which is followed by a chain scraper conveyor is. When connected from several drying units Dryer lines are convenient several cellular wheel sluices and several chain scraper conveyors intended. The cellular wheel sluices and the chain scraper conveyors are in a closed pre-treatment room arranged. This is above the Drying units and is therefore outside of the hydrocarbon atmosphere.

In addition to the distribution, the pre-treatment room is also used for Preheating wet brown coal. The pre-treatment room can be used for this are heated in different ways, for example using steam or hot air. Is conceivable also heating the chain scraper conveyor by means of Heating coils. In this way, the cold wet brown coal, from a storage bunker over the rotary feeder on the chain scraper conveyor, in Pre-treatment room to be preheated. When preheating temperatures of over 100 ° C can be reached.

By preheating the wet brown coal Flow behavior improved and the tendency to stick greatly reduced. Consequently, malfunctions are caused by Contamination and blockages prevented.

Another major advantage is that it is already preheated Wet brown coal placed in the fluidized bed becomes. This supports the stability of the fluidized bed and thus a further improvement in the fluid bed operating conditions reached.

The wet lignite is removed from the fluidized bed cells Chain scraper conveyors fed via discharge chutes. For this purpose, in the bottom of the chain scraper conveyor Length distributed openings provided, the opening cross-section is adjustable by a slide. To this Ways can be applied to the individual fluidized bed cells depending on the operating conditions being controlled.

The individual drying units can be in a high Made to measure in the workshop. Prefabricated modules can be broken down completely or in smaller units without great logistical and transport engineering effort brought to the power plant site and installed there. The construction of the respective module elements is for Different performance sizes can be used, without new designs to have to make. The installation and removal of individual Components of the modules is simple. this leads to also to a significant relief of maintenance or Repair work. Even if one drying unit fails the entire system can remain in operation.

It is advantageous in terms of process technology that the drying units can be operated with low system pressures. On the use of expensive and production-intensive Pressure vessels can be dispensed with.

In the fluidized bed cells of a drying unit the continuously fed from above via the feed unit Raw lignite from the fluidizing medium from bottom to top flows through. The raw lignite becomes the fluidizing medium expelled hydro steam used. The amount vortex medium and the flow velocity are so matched that the raw brown coal fill in the fluidized bed transforms. The vortex speed is there above the vertebral point and remains approximately constant regardless of the coal mass flow. This is achieved through a steam cycle, at least to overcome the flow loss still belongs to a blower that always promotes part of the hydro-steam in the circuit. The steam flowing into the drying units becomes pressure-dependent with a small temperature difference overheated.

The weight of the lignite grains is in the fluidized bed by the opposite flow force of the vortex medium almost canceled. The fluidized Lignite coal then behaves like a liquid and flows through the heat exchanger unit. Here an intensive heat transfer takes place high turbulence instead and that contained in the raw lignite Water is evaporated. This way, a reliable one Drying the raw lignite to almost any residual water content can be achieved.

In one of several drying units with a common Steam collecting chamber formed dryer line can furthermore the nozzle base units, the heat exchanger units and the steam fluidized bed dryer units two drying units arranged side by side each have a common partition or side wall.

This structure is both technical and economical rational.

Optionally, at least the outer walls of the steam fluidized bed dryer units, the steam collection chamber, the feed units and / or the extraction units can be heated be designed. In this way, caking can occur be avoided on the inner surfaces. The heating temperature is chosen so that it is above the condensation temperature of the hydro-steam contained in the system. Condensation of the steam on the inner surfaces will consequently prevents and sticking of coal dust in Condensate film prevented.

The heating is expediently laid externally Heating pipe coils realized.

Figur 1

eine Trocknungsanlage in der Seitenansicht;

Figur 2

einen vertikalen Querschnitt durch die Anlage;

Figur 3

einen horizontalen Querschnitt durch die Darstellung der Figur 1 entlang der Linie A-A;

Figur 4

eine Draufsicht auf einen Rostdüsenboden;

Figur 5

die Düse eines Düsenrohrs im Vertikalschnitt und

Figur 6

ebenfalls im vertikalen Querschnitt eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Show it

Figure 1

a drying plant in the side view;

Figure 2

a vertical cross section through the plant;

Figure 3

a horizontal cross section through the representation of Figure 1 along the line AA;

Figure 4

a plan view of a grate nozzle bottom;

Figure 5

the nozzle of a nozzle tube in vertical section and

Figure 6

also in vertical cross section a further embodiment of a system according to the invention.

Figures 1 to 3 show one out of a total of eight Drying units 1-8 existing dryer line 9. How the individual can be seen from FIG Drying units 1-8 in pairs in groups 10, 11, 12, 13 interconnected. Figure 2 illustrates the Construction of a drying unit 1-8.

A trigger unit is arranged vertically one above the other 14 for dried brown coal TBK, a nozzle base unit 15, a heat exchanger unit 16, a steam fluidized bed dryer unit 17 and a task unit 18 for the wet raw lignite FBK.

Each heat exchanger unit 16 is vertical by one aligned partition 19 in two vertically aligned Fluidized bed cells 20, 21 divided. With that, dryer street 9 shown here a total of sixteen Fluid bed cells 20, 21.

Above the steam fluidized bed dryer units 17 a common vapor collection chamber 22 is arranged. Output side of the steam fluidized bed dryer units 17 are internals 23 in the form of grate floor units 24 intended. The grate floor units 24 consist of two Layers of one another and offset from one another Angle profiles 25. The internals 23 cause one Pressure loss in the drying units 1-8, so that a Uniformization of the volume flow in all drying units 1-8 is done. As a result, all drying units 1-8 always almost the same amount of hydro-steam KWD deducted, regardless of how far the individual drying units 1-8 from the location the outlet 26 of the vapor collection chamber 22 are removed.

Furthermore, the internals 23 take on a cleaning function, there entrained dust from the hydro-steam KWD is deposited on them.

About the steam collection chamber 22 from the Drying units 1-8 escaping hydro-steam KWD deducted and not through the outlet 26 here shown aftertreatment with dedusting, Reheating and circulation fan supplied.

Purified hydro-steam KWD is used as a fluidizing medium WM returned to the system via the nozzle base unit 15. Furthermore, the cleaned and heated hydro steam KWD as heating steam HD for the heat exchanger unit 16 can be used.

During operation, each drying unit becomes 1-8 damp Lignite FBK in a grain size range from 0 to 10 mm fed by the task unit 18.

For this purpose, the feed unit 18 is carried out from the bunker 27 Wet brown coal fed FBK. Arrived from bunker 27 the wet lignite FBK via four bunker funnels 28-31 in four rotary locks 32-35. These give the wet lignite FBK on four chain scraper conveyors 36-39.

The rotary valve 32-35 and the chain scraper conveyor 36-39 are in a closed pre-treatment room 40, the drying units above 1-8 the steam collection chamber 22 is arranged. The pre-treatment room 40 can be heated so that preheating the FBK wet brown coal can be made. The Preheating improves the flow behavior of the wet lignite FBK. Since the pre-treatment room 40 is outside the hydro-steam atmosphere, it can easily also during the operation of the drying system Maintenance or repair purposes.

From the chain conveyors 36-39 the wet brown coal FBK via discharge chutes 41, 42 into the fluidized bed cells 20, 21 directed. For this purpose are located in the floors 43-46 of the chain conveyor 36-39 openings 47, 48 above the discharge chutes 41, 42. The opening cross section of the Openings 47, 48 can be adjusted by means of sliders 49, 50. By adjusting the slide 49, 50 the supplied to individual fluidized bed cells 20, 21 during operation Wet lignite FBK regulated according to quantity requirements. The control is automated by a central operations control center. The slide actuators are designated 51, 52.

The FBK passes through the discharge chutes 41, 42 Steam collection chamber 22 and enters the steam fluidized bed dryer unit 17th

The wet lignite FBK then falls down against it upward flowing vortex medium WM. As a vortex medium WM comes the expelled from the FBK wet brown coal and cleaned hydro-steam KWD used.

The steam fluidized bed dryer unit 17 comprises one Chamber 53 which widens in a trapezoidal shape. The cross-sectional expansion will reduce the speed of the hydro-steam flowing upwards KWD reached. This will remove fine grain reduced.

Below the steam fluidized bed dryer unit 17 is the heat exchanger unit 16 is arranged. Above the Heat exchanger unit 16 passes the brown coal bed into the fluidized bed through the heat exchanger unit 16 continues. The fluidized brown coal then flows through the fluidized bed cells 20, 21.

In the heat exchanger unit 16 are two in one another nested bundles 54, 55 of U-shaped configuration Heat exchanger tubes 56, 57 integrated. Every heat exchanger tube 56, 57 has longitudinal tube sections inclined to the horizontal 58, 59 on the vertical pipe sections 60, 61 merge.

The heat exchanger tubes 56, 57 summarized in a tube sheet 62. The steam distribution chamber 63, 64 and the condensate collection chambers 65, 66 each bundle 54, 55 are arranged on the same side. Via a steam manifold 67 and the manifold 68 is fed to the steam distribution chambers 63, 64 heating steam HD. This flows through the heat exchanger tubes 56, 57, their inclination for continuous drainage of the resulting condensate K. The condensate K occurs into the condensate collection chambers 65, 66 and is about deductions 69, 70 removed.

Due to the U-shaped hairpin configuration of the heat exchanger tubes 56, 57 are strains due to Changes in temperature are harmless.

Each heat exchanger unit 16 is separated by a partition 19 divided into two fluidized bed cells 20, 21. The Partition 19 is penetrated by bundles 54, 55. For this purpose, in the partition 19 to the cross section of the Heat exchanger tubes 56, 57 provided adapted openings. The heat exchanger tubes 56, 57 are through the openings passed through. They are carried by the partition 19 and stabilized.

A unit from bundles 54, 55, partition 19, tube sheet 62 and steam collecting chambers 63, 64 and condensate collecting chambers 65, 66 can be pre-assembled in the heat exchanger unit 16 can be installed transversely.

In the nozzle base unit 15 there are two grate nozzle bases 71, 72 incorporated. As shown in Figure 4, everyone exists Grate nozzle base 71, 72 from a row parallel and side by side horizontal nozzle pipes 73. The grate nozzle bottoms 71, 72 are inserted into the nozzle base unit from one side 15 inserted. The loading of the grate nozzle bottoms 71, 72 with vortex medium WM is carried out from the vortex medium ring line 74 from via the feed lines 75, 76 and the Distribution lines 77, 78. The vortex medium WM then occurs out through nozzles 79 and flows up through the fluidized bed cells 20, 21.

FIG. 5 shows the structure of a nozzle 79.

The nozzle 79 includes a nozzle tube 73 fixed to the vertically upward nozzle 80, which by a Cap 81 is closed. At the top 82 are radial Nozzle openings 83, 84 arranged.

The vortex medium WM passes through an opening 85 in the nozzle tube 73 in the nozzle 80 and flows through the nozzle openings 83, 84 radially. This is where the vortex medium gets WM in a between socket 80 and cap wall 86 located in the annular space 87. In the annular space 87, the vortex medium WM first flow downwards before crossing the Annular gap 88 can emerge. Through this training the Nozzle 79 is avoided that fine-grained brown coal in the Nozzle openings 83, 84 can flow. This will cause constipation the nozzle tubes 73 prevented.

To achieve the fluidized bed in every drying unit 1-8 is cleaned hydro-steam KWD as a fluidizing medium WM on the nozzle base unit 15 and the grate nozzle bases 71, 72 initiated. This depends on the pressure overheated with a small temperature difference. Of the Hydro-steam KWD flows through the wet lignite FBK on the way through the heat exchanger unit 16 or the fluidized bed cells 20, 21 and the steam fluidized bed dryer unit 17 from bottom to top. Here the lignite to be dried is Hydro-steam KWD in a suspended state transferred. The amount of hydro-steam introduced KWD and the inflow speed are designed so that in Area above the heat exchanger unit 16 a homogeneous fluidized bed is created, which is characterized by the heat exchanger unit 16 or the fluidized bed cells 20, 21 continues. There is extraordinary in this flight stream favorable conditions for heat transfer. On the way through the heat exchanger unit 16 is from the downward flowing brown coal evaporates hydrocarbon and the water content is reduced to approx. 10% residual moisture.

The driven hydro-steam KWD of all drying units 1-8 then gets into the steam collection chamber 22 and from there via outlet 26 for aftertreatment.

Excess steam can flow from the circulatory system to the Balance the mass balance to be taken to the pressure to keep constant in the drying units 1-8. Of the Excess steam can be used as heating steam HD or otherwise will.

Dried brown coal TBK is over the extraction units 14 deducted from the drying units 1-8. As the Figure 1 shows, a trigger unit 14 is two Drying units 1, 2; 3, 4; 5, 6; 7, 8 assigned.

The withdrawal takes place via a screw conveyor 89 with two oppositely aligned spiral sections 90, 91 and a rotary valve 92. The side walls 93, 94 of the trigger unit 14 are in the direction of the screw conveyor 89 inclined so that the dried brown coal TBK easily can flow to the screw conveyor 89.

The cellular wheel locks 92 of the individual extraction units 14 carry the dry lignite TBK on a discharge conveyor 95 from where the dry brown coal TBK to Further use in the power plant process is brought. Of the Discharge conveyor 95 extends below the drying units 1-8 in an encapsulated discharge space 96, which, if necessary, for inerting and / or cooling the Dry lignite TBK can be used.

To condense the hydro steam KWD to the Inner surfaces 97, 98 of the steam fluidized bed dryer unit 17 and the steam collection chamber 22 are to be avoided whose outer walls 99, 100 heatable. The deduction units are also 14 heatable.

An alternative embodiment of a drying unit 101 is shown in FIG. 6. The drying unit 101 consists of functionally coordinated Modules with trigger unit 102, nozzle base unit 103, heat exchanger unit 104, steam fluidized bed dryer unit 105 and task unit 106.

Several drying units 101 are in turn one Lignite drying plant interconnected. The too drying amount of wet brown coal for a power plant is divided into several drying units 101.

All drying units 101 have a common steam collecting chamber 107 above the steam fluidized bed dryer unit 105 assigned. Are in the transition area flow-comparing internals 108 provided to to generate a pressure loss in the drying units 101.

The heat exchanger unit 104 comprises three one above the other lying bundles 109, 110, 111 configured in a V-shape Heat exchanger tubes 112. Are on the inlet and outlet side the heat exchanger tubes 112 of each bundle 109, 110, 111 in summarized a tube sheet 113. Furthermore, the heat exchanger tubes 112 in a support structure 114 horizontally aligned support beam 115 and vertical Support structures 116 arranged. Steam distribution chamber 112 and Condensate collection chamber 118 of each bundle 109, 110, 111 are arranged on the same side. Two on top of each other lying bundles 109, 110 and 110, 111 are mutually offset by 180 °.

The heat exchanger unit 104 is separated by partitions 119 divided into two fluidized bed cells 120, 121. The Partitions 119 are of the heat exchanger tubes 112 of the Bundles 109, 110, 111 interspersed.

In operation, lignite FBK is used by the feed unit 106 via a rotary valve 122 and a screw conveyor 123 fed. Via the feed chutes 124, 125 the wet lignite FBK gets into the steam fluidized bed dryer unit 105 and goes into the fluidized bed here about. The wet lignite FBK flows downwards the upward flowing fluidizing medium WM through the fluidized bed cells 121, 122. In this way the hydro expelled.

To avoid condensation of the hydro vapor KWD on the inner surfaces 126, 127 of the steam fluidized bed dryer unit 105 and the steam collection chamber 107 the outer walls 128, 129 heatable. There are heating coils for this 130, 131 laid on the outer walls 128, 129, the overview in the present embodiment for the sake of it, however, are only indicated. The deduction unit too and the feed unit can be designed to be heatable.

The extraction of the dried lignite TBK for further use takes place via the trigger unit 102.

List of reference symbols

1

- drying unit

2nd

- drying unit

3rd

- drying unit

4th

- drying unit

5

- drying unit

6

- drying unit

7

- drying unit

8th

- drying unit

9

- dryer line

10th

- Group

11

- Group

12th

- Group

13

- Group

14

- deduction unit

15

- Nozzle base unit

16

- heat exchanger unit

17th

- Steam fluidized bed dryer unit

18th

- Task unit

19th

- Partition wall

20th

- fluidized bed cell

21

- fluidized bed cell

22

- steam collecting chamber

23

- installation

24th

- grate floor unit

25th

- angle profile

26

- outlet

27

- bunker

28

- hopper

29

- hopper

30th

- hopper

31

- hopper

32

- cellular wheel sluice

33

- cellular wheel sluice

34

- cellular wheel sluice

35

- cellular wheel sluice

36

- chain scraper conveyor

37

- chain scraper conveyor

38

- chain scraper conveyor

39

- chain scraper conveyor

40

- pre-treatment room

41

- discharge chute

42

- discharge chute

43

- Boden v. 36

44

- Boden v. 37

45

- Boden v. 38

46

- Boden v. 39

47

- opening

48

- opening

49

- slider

50

- slider

51

- slide drive

52

- slide drive

53

- Chamber

54

- bundle

55

- bundle

56

- heat exchanger tube

57

- heat exchanger tube

58

- length segment

59

- length segment

60

- vertical pipe section

61

- vertical pipe section

62

- tube sheet

63

- steam distribution chamber

64

- steam distribution chamber

65

- condensate collection chamber

66

- condensate collection chamber

67

- steam manifold

68

- distribution line

69

- deduction

70

- deduction

71

- grate nozzle bottom

72

- grate nozzle bottom

73

- nozzle tube

74

- Vortex medium ring line

75

- supply line

76

- supply line

77

- distribution line

78

- distribution line

79

- Jet

80

- Support

81

- cap

82

- upper end of 80

83

- nozzle opening

84

- nozzle opening

85

- Opening in 73

86

- cap wall

87

- annulus

88

- Annular gap

89

- Auger

90

- spiral section

91

- spiral section

92

- cellular wheel sluice

93

- sidewall v. 14

94

- sidewall v. 14

95

- Deduction conveyor

96

- discharge area

97

- inner surface v. 17th

98

- inner surface v. 22

99

- outer wall v. 17th

100

- outer wall v. 22

101

- drying unit

102

- deduction unit

103

- Nozzle base unit

104

- heat exchanger unit

105

- Steam fluidized bed dryer unit

106

- Task unit

107

- steam collecting chamber

108

- installation

109

- bundle

110

- bundle

111

- bundle

112

- heat exchanger tube

113

- tube sheet

114

- support structure

115

- supporting beams

116

- support structure

117

- steam distribution chamber

118

- condensate collection chamber

119

- Partition wall

120

- fluidized bed cell

121

- fluidized bed cell

122

- cellular wheel sluice

123

- Auger

124

- Feed chute

125

- Feed chute

126

- inner surface v. 105

127

- inner surface v. 107

128

- outer wall v. 105

129

- outer wall v. 102

130

- heating coil

131

- heating coil

FBK

- wet brown coal

HD

- heating steam

K

- condensate

KWD

- hydro-steam

TBK

- dry lignite

World Cup

- vortex medium

Claims (10)

System for steam fluidized bed drying of broken raw lignite, with at least two drying units (1-8; 101), with an extraction unit (14; 102) for dried lignite, a nozzle base unit (15; 103), a heat exchanger in a vertical stacking arrangement. Unit (16; 104), an upwardly expanding steam fluidized bed dryer unit (17; 105) and a feed unit (18; 106) for the raw lignite are provided, characterized in that the heat exchanger unit (16; 104 ) is divided by a partition (19; 119) into at least two vertically aligned fluidized bed cells (20, 21; 120, 121). System according to claim 1, characterized in that each heat exchanger unit (16; 104) comprises at least one bundle (54, 55; 109, 110, 111) of U-shaped or V-shaped heat exchanger tubes (56, 57; 112). Installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each heat exchanger unit (16) comprises at least two nested bundles (54, 55) of U-shaped or V-shaped heat exchanger tubes (56, 57). Installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each heat exchanger unit (104) comprises at least two bundles (109, 110, 111) of U-shaped or V-shaped heat exchanger tubes (112), the steam distribution chamber (117) and the condensate collection chamber (118) of each bundle (109, 110, 111) is arranged on the same side of a drying unit (101) but offset by 180 ° with respect to two bundles (109, 110 and 110, 111) one above the other. System according to one of claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the heat exchanger tubes (56, 57; 112) penetrate the partition (19; 119). Installation according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that each bundle (109, 110, 111) is mounted in a support structure (114) made of horizontal and vertical support elements (115, 116) and together with this into the heat exchanger unit (104 ) can be mounted transversely. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the steam fluidized bed dryer units (17; 105) of all drying units (1-8, 101) are assigned a common steam collecting chamber (22; 107). Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that flow-equalizing internals (23; 108) are arranged on the output side of the fluidized-bed dryer units (17; 105). System according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that two drying units (1-8) are assigned a common extraction unit (14). System according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the feed unit (18) comprises at least one cellular wheel sluice (32-35) and a chain scraper conveyor (36-39) connected downstream of it, which feeder is located in a heatable pre-treatment room (40) above the drying units ( 1-8) are arranged, the fluidized bed cells (20, 21) from the chain scraper conveyor (36-39) can be charged with raw lignite via discharge chutes (41, 42).

Images