EP0819902A1 - Plant for steam fluidized bed drying - Google Patents

Abstract

The dryer uses a pneumatic conveyor medium (FM) introduced into the discharge outlet (22) to transport the dry material (TG) away. The discharge outlet has an inlet chamber (23) and outlet chamber (24) arranged in an S-shape. There is a nozzle unit (26) for the conveyor medium on the base (25) of the outlet chamber. The nozzle unit moves the dry material over a threshold (28) which separates the outlet chamber from the discharge delivery chamber (29). The outlet chamber has cooling surfaces. A heat transfer unit (5) is formed circular and has heat exchanger tubes (16) running radially to the vertical centre longitudinal axis of the dryer unit.

Description

The invention relates to a system for steam fluidized bed drying of water-containing solids, in particular of broken wet brown coal, according to the characteristics in the preamble of claim 1.

EP 0 537 263 B1 includes a device Drying a particulate wet material state of the art with superheated steam.

Such a system includes a cylindrical housing a number of parallel substantially vertical elongated ones Chambers, which are arranged in a ring. The Moisture is placed in a chamber and then transported in flight flow from chamber to chamber, here dried and discharged at the end. The discharge of the Dry material is carried out by a screw conveyor.

A circulation fan for the recirculation of the vortex medium is integrated in the dryer container. Also the coarse dust separation from the vapors takes place in the dryer container. As a result, a compact design without complex Pipe routing reached.

The disadvantage, however, is that the heat transfer from the heating steam to the steam cycle and from the steam cycle to the Wet goods in separate locations in the dryer container he follows. Also in terms of throughput this technology reaches its limits. For a large-scale Use, for example, in lignite-fired power plants, which require a high coal throughput brings in such dryer is therefore not the best conditions with yourself.

Lignite is used on a large scale for production and delivery burned by electrical energy in power plants. Due to the high water content of 50% to 60% of the Raw lignite requires an upstream drying. This makes a rational use of energy in incinerators in a steam power plant process, a gas-steam combination process with integrated upstream Coal gasification or fluidized bed combustion plant enables. Also for the production of secondary products like briquettes, coke or coal dust is one Reduction of water content to 12% to 18% required.

The possible increase in efficiency in power plant technology through an energetically favorable drying process the higher the size to be reduced, the higher Is water content.

When drying wet brown coal you can choose between distinguish between direct and indirect drying.

The direct drying takes place through evaporation of the coal water in an inert atmosphere with the help of hot flue gas as an energy source in fan mills (flue gas grinding drying).

Indirect drying is done using a heat exchanger made, being on the energy supply side condensed heating steam is used. On the On the side of the energy dissipation is the one to be dried Brown coal by contact with the heat exchanger wall and by convective heat transfer of the resulting Hydrocarbon vapor is heated. This principle is used for example in so-called plate dryers and Tube dryers applied.

Steam fluidized bed drying also belongs to the prior art, as for example in the DE 37 24 960 A1 or DD 224 649 A1 is described.

The broken wet brown coal is used fluidized by steam as a fluidizing medium. Through contact the wet brown coal with the heat exchanger wall and by convective heat transfer of the resulting hydro vapor as well as the drag air becomes the wet brown coal heated and expelled water.

To achieve the highest possible availability and high drying performance is within the scope of the unpublished European patent application 96111495.6 proposed the required amount of coal a dryer line consisting of several drying units split up. Each drying unit comprises in a modular design in a vertical stacking arrangement an extraction unit for dried brown coal, a steam fluidized bed dryer unit with integrated Heat exchanger unit and nozzle base unit as well a feed unit for wet lignite. This Concept ensures the availability of a power plant with more than 7500 operating hours per year the coal predrying is not affected.

The wet brown coal becomes a drying unit abandoned via a rotary valve. The deduction of the Dry brown coal is made mechanically by means of screw conveyors. This facility has proven itself. Through the Movement of the relatively moving parts of the Trigger unit can, however, show signs of wear come.

Overall, the technology of the Steam fluidized bed drying, especially for improvement of dry material discharge and to reduce the The fume cupboard is susceptible to failure.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a system for steam fluidized bed drying of water-containing To further develop solids in plant technology.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in those listed in the characterizing part of claim 1 Characteristics.

Thereafter, the dry material can be introduced into a fume cupboard pneumatic fluid can be removed.

A first advantage of this configuration is that Moving away from mechanical discharge to a pneumatically assisted one Discharge system. This can in particular the wear and the susceptibility to malfunction of the system are reduced will. Furthermore, this version enables very compact design of a fume cupboard and an integration the extraction unit in the housing of the drying system.

In particular, the fume cupboard for steam fluidized bed dryers suitable with round container dimensions. Is too easy regulation of the amount removed possible by controlling the medium.

Another advantage is that the deduction cooling of the dry goods can be carried out. By introducing cool compared to the dry goods The temperature of the dry material is reduced. This is particularly advantageous when drying of lignite, which is caused by cooling in the process a lower one, suitable for further use Temperature level is brought.

This is advantageously done in the steam fluidized bed dryer existing steam atmosphere to a Inert gas atmosphere passed. For example by introducing nitrogen or carbon dioxide as Pumped medium take place. For cost reasons, it also offers the use of recirculated flue gas from a furnace on.

The medium circulated can be closed so that no or only insignificant losses occur. For this purpose, the pumped medium is purchased in the district purchase Appropriate filters and coolers directed and via a blower returned to the trigger.

Cooling takes place when lignite is dried the dry lignite during the discharge from the System without loss of hydrocarbon vapor. The discharged coal is then dry and cooled. she can be transported open atmospherically.

The system for steam fluidized bed drying can be designed both for operation at atmospheric pressure as well as for operation with overpressure. With overpressure operated systems one speaks of a pressure-charged Steam fluidized bed drying. The facility is suitable for drying a wide variety of water-based Solids. Because of their compact modular structure and high performance, it is particularly suitable for drying broken wet brown coal in Power plants.

A particularly advantageous development of the basic The inventive concept is in the features of the claim 2 characterized.

Then a trigger in an S-shaped configuration includes one Inlet chamber and a downstream outlet chamber. At the The bottom of the drain chamber is a nozzle unit for the pumped medium arranged, which the dry material over a Drain chamber from a downstream discharge chamber separating swell weir promotes.

The dry goods are deflected in the fume cupboard. The Dry material flows in the feed chamber under the influence gravity down, then goes into the drain chamber deflected and here by the medium as a suspension element transported away. The inlet chamber is expedient and the drain chamber through a common wall in some areas separated from each other. The inlet chamber is on the bottom and the drain chamber in communication so that the Dry goods can pass here.

This is done via the nozzle unit at the bottom of the drain chamber Pumped medium initiated. The pumped medium then flows upwards. The dry material is conveyed upwards, and against the flow direction of the dry material in the inlet chamber. Through the continuous removal of the dry material in the discharge chamber flows continuously Dry goods from the inlet chamber to or into it drawn.

The discharge chamber is connected by a swell weir the discharge chamber. From here the dry goods conveyed for further use and from the steam fluidized bed dryer led out.

Are useful in a steam fluidized bed drying system high performance multiple deductions to one deduction unit interconnected.

Dry brown coal, for example, can be used with the pneumatic Pumped medium as a suspension element directly in a Firing system can be introduced.

It is also possible to dry lignite with lead inert fluid into a mill. Find here the cooling air takes place further cooling instead. A particular advantage of this solution is that the Dry brown coal is pneumatically fed into the mill can be without being relaxed or has come into contact with atmospheric air.

Basically, it is also possible to dry the goods to be conveyed from the extraction unit into a buffer container, from where it goes through a rotary valve for further processing can be directed.

According to claim 3, it can be advantageous in the Drainage chamber to provide cooling surfaces. This allows the Drying process can be operated even more intensely.

According to the features of claim 4, the heat exchanger unit circular with vertical Central longitudinal axis of the fluidized bed dryer unit essentially radially extending heat exchanger tubes.

This embodiment enables a very compact design the drying system with efficient use of the available construction volume. The drying plant is characterized by a round geometry of their housing. This is especially for one pressure-charged drying system advantageous. Conveniently is the radial compressor for the circulation of the Vortex medium arranged inside the housing.

The heat exchanger tubes can be straight or curved, e.g. serpentine, extend. Here can their axes of extension exactly at right angles to Central longitudinal axis of the fluidized bed dryer unit or run at an angle other than 90 °.

According to the features of claim 5, the heat exchanger unit through a partition into at least two segment-like Fluidized bed cells divided.

The heat exchanger unit is preferably divided into several fluidized bed cells with dimensions, which ensure stable fluid bed operating conditions. This will result in intense heat transfer and achieved a high drying success. Also regarding the process control results in a significant improvement a drying plant because the fluidized bed in the fluidized bed cells reacted much less sensitive to changing operating parameters, for example at different moisture levels of the abandoned Bulk goods.

Each fluidized bed cell is a grate nozzle bottom and a Deduction assigned. This results in one from individual units modular nozzle base unit and a fume cupboard. The installation or removal of individual units is simple. This also leads to a significant relief of maintenance or repair work.

Another advantageous embodiment of the invention Plant for steam fluidized bed drying exists according to the features of claim 6 in that the heat exchanger unit encloses a steam distribution chamber.

This is a good and even supply the heat exchanger unit with heating steam guaranteed. Also with regard to the construction volume of the drying plant is the integration of the steam distribution chamber on the inside advantageous. Especially when operated under pressure Drying systems have the advantage that the required The wall thickness of the steam distribution chamber is reduced can fail because they only affect the differential pressure between system pressure and steam pressure have to.

The internal steam distribution chamber also functions as integrated additional heating of the drying system.

Due to the circular design of the heat exchanger unit the pipe pitch is larger outside than inside. The distance between two adjacent heat exchanger tubes on the outer radius of the heat exchanger unit consequently larger than the distance between the heat exchanger tubes on the inner radius of the heat exchanger unit. This changes the vertical passage cross section between two adjacent heat exchanger tubes. This change in area has a change in the flow conditions in the fluidized bed from the inner radius to the outer radius. This creates unequal Vortex conditions.

Basically, it is conceivable to use conical heat exchanger tubes to be used to compensate for areas to reach. Such heat exchanger tubes are, however, manufacturing technology complex and expensive.

According to the features of claim 7 it is therefore provided that between two adjacent heat exchanger tubes V-shaped Internals are provided, which the vertical Uniform cross-section.

This creates an even distribution of the flow conditions reached. The internals form a non-heated and displacement body not flowed through by heating steam.

In terms of production technology, it makes sense for every installation to be formed by a rotationally symmetrical cone body.

In the advantageous embodiment according to the features of claim 8, each installation consists of two to each other relatively movable parts, part of which is on the outside Tube sheet and the other part fixed to the inner tube sheet is. This can cause thermal stresses or elongations due to occurring temperature differences be met.

According to the features of claim 9 is above one Fluidized bed cell arranged a common vapor collection chamber.

The water vapor emerges from the steam collecting chamber individual fluid bed cells and can be a corresponding Aftertreatment with dust removal or fine grain separation be fed.

One is particularly advantageous in the steam collection chamber Dedusting device integrated as claimed in claim 10 provides. Here the one caught up in the current Dust deposited. The cleaned water vapor is over a central suction line sucked in by a radial compressor and as a fluidizing medium in the fluidized bed dryer unit returned. To balance the mass balance, excess steam can be removed to the Keeping the pressure in the drying system constant.

In practice, the use of a fabric filter is recommended with associated compressed gas cleaning, in particular with compressed steam, as a dedusting device. The filter cake is periodically cleaned by means of compressed gas cleaned from the fabric filter. The secluded Dust can be removed separately from the drying system and forwarded for further use. Preferably however, the separated dust is in the fume cupboard the drying plant and discharged with the dry material.

In order to be able to operate the drying system with excess pressure, is their housing according to the features of the claim 11 designed to be pressure-resistant.

In the heat exchanger unit or the individual fluidized bed cells a drying plant according to the invention becomes granular from above Fluid material flows through from the bottom upwards. The fluid that is expelled from the moist material is used as the vortex medium Steam used. The amount of vortex medium and the flow rate are adjusted so that the bed of solids changes into a fluidized bed. The vortex speed is above the vortex point and remains approximately constant regardless of what needs to be dried Mass flow. This is achieved through the recirculated Steam cycle. The weight is in the fluidized bed the solid grains opposed by the directed flow force of the vortex medium almost canceled. The fluidized bed of solids behaves then liquid-like and flows through the heat exchanger unit. Here there is intensive heat transfer due to high turbulence and that contained in the moist material Water is evaporated. In this way, a reliable drying of the solid to almost any residual water content can be achieved.

Figur 1

eine Dampf-Wirbelschicht-Trocknungsanlage in vertikaler Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 2

einen horizontalen Querschnitt durch die Darstellung der Figur 1 entlang der Linie II-II;

Figur 3

einen horizontalen Querschnitt durch die Darstellung der Figur 1 entlang der Linie III-III;

Figur 4

in technisch vereinfachter Darstellungsweise einen Segmentausschnitt einer Wärmeübertrager-Einheit mit einer nicht maßstäblichen Darstellung der Teilungsunterschiede am inneren und äußeren Radius und

Figur 5

eine Ausführungsform eines den vertikalen Durchtrittsquerschnitts zwischen zwei benachbarten Wärmetauscherrohren vergleichmäßigenden Einbaus.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. Show it:

Figure 1

a steam fluidized bed drying plant in a vertical sectional view;

Figure 2

a horizontal cross section through the representation of Figure 1 along the line II-II;

Figure 3

a horizontal cross section through the representation of Figure 1 along the line III-III;

Figure 4

in a technically simplified representation, a segment section of a heat exchanger unit with a not to scale representation of the division differences on the inner and outer radius and

Figure 5

an embodiment of an installation comparing the vertical passage cross section between two adjacent heat exchanger tubes.

1 shows a system 1 for steam fluidized bed drying of hydrated FG, preferably broken wet brown coal.

A trigger unit is arranged vertically one above the other 2 for dry goods TG, a fluidized bed dryer unit 3 with integrated nozzle base unit 4 and heat exchanger unit 5 and a task unit 6 for to recognize the wet material FG. The aforementioned units 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 are compact in a pressure-resistant housing 7 arranged.

Wet brown coal (wet good FG) in a grain size range of The feed unit 6 is 0 to 10 mm via a system allocated from two rotary feeders 8, 9. After this first the cellular wheel sluice 8 is filled with wet brown coal has been closed, a pressure equalization to the rotary valve 9 and the Wet lignite is transferred to the rotary valve 9. The cellular wheel sluice 9 is then sealed off from the outside and the wet brown coal over chutes 10, 11, Funnels 12, 13 and pipes 14, 15 in the fluidized bed dryer unit 3 transferred.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the heat exchanger unit 5 circular design with heat exchanger tubes 16, which extends to the vertical central longitudinal axis ML of the fluidized bed dryer unit 3 radial extend. The heat exchanger unit 5 is vertical aligned partition walls 17 in a total of eight segment-like Fluidized bed cells 18 divided.

Above the fluidized bed cells 18 is a common one Steam collection chamber 19 arranged (see Figure 1).

The wet lignite passes through the pipes 14, 15 the vapor collection chamber 19 and gets into the individual Fluid bed cells 18. The wet lignite falls then downwards against the upward flowing fluid World Cup. The WM fluidizing medium comes from wet lignite expelled and cleaned hydro steam for Use which over individual grate nozzle bases 20 of the nozzle base unit 5 introduced into the fluidized bed cells 18 becomes.

The brown coal bed goes above the heat exchanger unit 5 into the fluidized bed. The fluidized bed continues through the heat exchanger unit 5, and the fluidized lignite flows through the fluidized bed cells 18. Here the lignite is removed from the fluidizing medium WM put in a floating state. The Amount of vortex medium WM and the flow velocity are designed so that in each fluidized bed cell 18th a homogeneous fluidized bed is created. Then there are extraordinarily good conditions for heat transfer in front.

On the way through the heat exchanger unit 5 is off the downward sinking lignite evaporates hydrocarbon and the water content to a residual moisture of approx. Lowered 10%.

The hydrocarbon vapor KWD expelled then enters the steam collection chamber 19 and from there for post-treatment into a dedusting device 21.

Dry brown coal (dry goods TG) is over the fume cupboard 2 deducted from Appendix 1. Like the figure 3 shows, the trigger unit 2 comprises a total of eight deductions 22, which are each assigned to a fluidized bed cell 18 are. From the deductions 22, the dry goods TG through Introduction of a pneumatic conveying medium FM transported away.

Each trigger 22 includes an S-shaped configuration funnel-like inlet chamber 23 and one downstream of it Drainage canister 24. At the bottom 25 of the drainage chamber 24, a nozzle unit 26 is arranged. The nozzle unit 26 is supplied with fluid FM via a pipeline 27. The medium FM then flows in the drain chamber 24 upwards and thereby promotes the dry goods TG a swell weir 28 in one of the drain chamber 24 downstream discharge chamber 29.

Through the continuous removal of dry goods TG Dry material TG is continuously removed from the discharge chamber 24 the inlet chamber 23 pulled into the outlet chamber 24. Inlet chamber 23 and outlet chamber 24 are through a wall 30 separated from each other in their upper region. Under the wall 30 is a passage 31 for the transfer of the Dry goods TG from the inlet chamber 23 into the outlet chamber 24th

From the one in its lower area that is designed like a chimney Discharge chamber 29 reaches the dry lignite via a pipe 32 from the system 1 and is in Buffer container 33 transferred. From the buffer tanks 33 can the dry lignite via a rotary valve 34 be passed on for further processing.

As already mentioned, the heat exchanger unit 5 designed circular. This encloses the heat exchanger unit 5 a central steam distribution chamber 35. The steam distribution chamber 35 is on the pipe 36 supplied with heating steam HD. The pressure of the heating steam HD is usually around 10 bar. The system pressure a pressurized steam fluidized bed drying system is usually 4 bar. Through the Arrangement of the steam distribution chamber 35 inside the housing 7, however, only needs the thickness of the wall 37 the differential pressure between the system and steam pressure will. This brings considerable manufacturing and plant engineering Advantages with itself.

The heating steam HD is evenly distributed in the steam distribution chamber 35 and enters the heat exchanger tubes 16 a. Condensed on the way through the heat exchanger tubes 16 heating steam HD. The condensate is then outside via a condensate manifold, not shown here dissipated.

Due to the circular design of the heat exchanger unit 5, the tube pitch of the heat exchanger tubes 16 is larger on the outside than on the inside. The division differences are shown in a technically simplified manner with reference to FIG. 4. The inside pipe division is marked with t1, the outside pipe division with t2. The distance between two adjacent heat exchanger tubes 16 ', 16''on the outer tube plate 38 is consequently greater than the distance between the heat exchanger tubes 16', 16 '' on the inner tube plate 39. The vertical passage cross section Q _v between the heat exchanger tubes 16 ', 16'' consequently increases from the inside out. This change in area causes uneven flow conditions in the fluidized bed.

For this reason, a V-shaped installation 40 which compares the vertical passage cross section Q _v is provided between the adjacent heat exchanger tubes 16 ', 16''. In this way, a uniform distribution of the flow conditions is achieved, so that there are approximately constant fluidized bed conditions.

4 shows two possible design variants of an installation 40 shown. The left illustration shows a rotationally symmetrical displacement body 41 in Shape of a cone, the right representation shows a truncated cone Displacement Body 42.

5 shows another embodiment of the vertical passage cross section equalizing Installation 43 shown.

The installation 43 has components which are movable relative to one another 44, 45. The outer component 44 is conical and forms a displacer 46. Centrally from one Starting from the tip, the displacement body 46 has a Hole 47 on. Component 45 is a centering rod 48 formed, which with sliding seat in the bore 47th is led. The displacement body 46 is on the outside Tube plate 49 and the centering rod 48 on the inner tube plate 50 committed.

Due to the relatively movable arrangement of the components 44, 45 can cause thermal expansion as a result of Temperature differences are compensated.

As can also be seen in FIG. 1, the dedusting device is 21 integrated into the vapor collection chamber 19. The dedusting device 21 comprises fabric filters 51, in which the from the fluidized bed dryer unit 3 escaping hydrocarbon vapor from its KWD Dust load is freed. For this, the dust-laden Hydro vapor KWD expediently radially in the direction indicated by the arrows (KWD) the fabric filter 51 out.

Above the fabric filter 51 is a pneumatic one Cleaning device 52 arranged. Be over nozzles 53 the fabric filter 51 is pressurized with compressed air and the deposited filter cake is blown off.

The separated dust falls down into a collecting funnel 54. Such a collecting funnel 54 is here for the sake of clarity only in the right half of the picture Figure 1 shown.

The dust arrives via a pipeline from the collecting funnel 54 55, which passes through the vapor collection chamber 19, in the trigger 22. To avoid a pressure short circuit, the dust is given to the trigger 22 in the inlet chamber 23. The outer wall 56 of the receiving funnel 54 also serves for Routing of hydrocarbon vapor KWD above the fluidized bed dryer unit 3, so that it is radial in the fabric filter 51 occurs.

The cleaned hydro vapor KWD is then above the cleaning device 52 via a central suction line 57 sucked in by means of a radial compressor 58. The radial compressor 58 is in the housing 7 below the Fluidized bed dryer unit 3 arranged. The cleaned one Hydro vapor KWD emerges radially here is used as a vortex medium WM through inlet openings 59 in the Grate nozzle bottoms 20 initiated.

Excess hydrocarbon vapor KWD can be drawn off 60 removed from Appendix 1 and for example in an external turbine can be used.

List of reference symbols

1

- Steam fluid bed drying plant

2nd

- deduction unit

3rd

- Fluid bed dryer unit

4th

- Nozzle base unit

5

- heat exchanger unit

6

- Task unit

7

- Casing

8th

- cellular wheel sluice

9

- cellular wheel sluice

10th

- chute

11

- chute

12th

- funnel

13

- funnel

14

- pipeline

15

- pipeline

16

- heat exchanger tube

16 '

- heat exchanger tube

16 ''

- heat exchanger tube

17th

- Partition wall

18th

- fluidized bed cell

19th

- steam collecting chamber

20th

- grate nozzle bottom

21

- dedusting device

22

- deduction

23

- inlet chamber

24th

- drain chamber

25th

- Ground

26

- nozzle unit

27

- pipeline

28

- Swell weir

29

- discharge chamber

30th

- wall

31

- passage

32

- pipeline

33

- buffer tank

34

- cellular wheel sluice

35

- steam distribution chamber

36

- pipeline

37

- Wall v. 35

38

- tube sheet outside

39

- Inside tube sheet

40

- installation

41

- sinker

42

- sinker

43

- installation

44

- component v. 43

45

- component v. 43

46

- sinker

47

- Drilling

48

- centering rod

49

- tube sheet outside

50

- Inside tube sheet

51

- fabric filter

52

- cleaning device

53

- nozzles

54

- collecting funnel

55

- pipeline

56

- outer wall

57

- suction line

58

- radial compressor

59

- Inlet openings v. 20th

60

- deduction

FG

- damp

TG

- dry goods

ML

- Central longitudinal axis

World Cup

- vortex medium

KWD

- hydro vapor

FM

- pumped medium

HD

- heating steam

t1

- Pipe division, inside

t2

- Pipe division, outside

Q _v

- vertical passage cross section

Claims (11)

System for steam fluidized bed drying of water-containing solids, which has a feed unit (6) for the moist material (FG) and a fluidized bed dryer unit (3) with integrated heat exchanger unit (5) and nozzle base unit (4) as well as a fume cupboard ( 22) for the dry material (TG), characterized in that the dry material (TG) can be transported away by a pneumatic conveying medium (FM) which can be introduced into the fume cupboard (22). Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the extractor (22) in an S-shaped configuration comprises an inlet chamber (23) and a downstream outlet chamber (24), a nozzle unit (26) for the bottom (25) of the outlet chamber (24) the conveying medium (FM) is arranged to convey the dry material (TG) via a swelling weir (28) which separates the discharge chamber (24) from a downstream discharge chamber (29). Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that cooling surfaces are provided in the discharge chamber (24). Plant according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the heat exchanger unit (5) is designed in a circular shape and has heat exchanger tubes (16) which run essentially radially to the vertical central longitudinal axis (ML) of the fluidized bed dryer unit (3). Plant according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the heat exchanger unit (5) is divided by a partition (17) into at least two segment-like fluidized bed cells (18). Installation according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the heat exchanger unit (5) does not close a steam distribution chamber (35). Installation according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that between two adjacent heat exchanger tubes (16 ', 16'') the V-shaped internals (40, 43) are provided which compare the vertical passage cross section (Q _v ). Installation according to Claim 7, characterized in that each installation (43) has two parts (44, 45) which are movable relative to one another, one part (44) on the outer tube sheet (49) and the other part (45) on the inner tube sheet (50 ) is set. Plant according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that a common steam collection chamber (19) is arranged above all fluidized bed cells (18). Installation according to claim 9, characterized in that a dedusting device (21) is integrated in the steam collecting chamber (19). Plant according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the feed unit (6), the fluidized bed dryer unit (3) and the take-off unit (2) are incorporated in a housing (7) which can be pressurized.

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