EP0819078B1 - Einrichtung zur kompensation von auf ein schienenfahrzeug wirkenden querkräften - Google Patents
Einrichtung zur kompensation von auf ein schienenfahrzeug wirkenden querkräften Download PDFInfo
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- EP0819078B1 EP0819078B1 EP96908143A EP96908143A EP0819078B1 EP 0819078 B1 EP0819078 B1 EP 0819078B1 EP 96908143 A EP96908143 A EP 96908143A EP 96908143 A EP96908143 A EP 96908143A EP 0819078 B1 EP0819078 B1 EP 0819078B1
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- Prior art keywords
- transverse
- cylinder
- valve
- pressure
- damping
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
- B61F5/22—Guiding of the vehicle underframes with respect to the bogies
- B61F5/24—Means for damping or minimising the canting, skewing, pitching, or plunging movements of the underframes
- B61F5/245—Means for damping or minimising the canting, skewing, pitching, or plunging movements of the underframes by active damping, i.e. with means to vary the damping characteristics in accordance with track or vehicle induced reactions, especially in high speed mode
Definitions
- the invention enters a device for compensating for a rail vehicle acting transverse forces according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the compensation device described therein against centrifugal forces in the following transverse compensation device called, comprises two, mounted in a rail vehicle chassis frame, each other opposite double-acting cylinders, the working chambers of which cross each other are connected. Both system branches are connected to a common air pressure reservoir Can be connected via switchable reusable valves.
- the facility provides the car body when driving through bends in the middle of the chassis, if centrifugal forces Attempt to push car body to the outside of the bow and works in dependence from the measured amount of lateral displacement.
- the cross suspension is in one pneumatic variant due to the compressibility of the cylinder filling, in hydraulic or electromotive variants with additional air or gas cushions. Consequently the transverse suspension hardens with every lateral deflection because of it system pressure then inevitably increases.
- Another cross compensation device known from DE-OS 40 40 047 is used, among other things, in wagons and power cars of railway trains.
- the above-mentioned version has a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, which with its an effective section, for example the cylinder, engages the bogie during the other effective section, in this case the piston, is articulated on the car body.
- the effective axis of the cylinder is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the rail vehicle arranged.
- such trains are equipped with a body inclination system, via which the body can be inclined in an arc depending on the radius of curvature of the curve and the driving speed in such a way that as little lateral forces act on the passenger. Based on the maximum possible lateral acceleration on the passenger without sacrificing driving comfort, this technology therefore enables significantly higher bow speeds than with trains that are equipped with a conventional chassis.
- the body can be actively moved laterally relative to the bogie by a transverse compensation device.
- the roll compensation of the car body can be set to a predetermined (target) position with the transverse compensation device.
- the roll axis is the virtual axis of rotation running parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, about which the car body rotates when traveling on bends due to the centrifugal force acting on it and possibly due to the effect of the car body inclination system.
- the aim is to set the roll position approximately at the seat height or, more precisely, at the stomach level of the passenger. This ensures that the wellbeing of the passenger is not adversely affected by centrifugal forces, even at high bow speeds.
- the invention has for its object a device for compensation the transverse forces acting on a rail vehicle with a transverse suspension create a one with minimal device engineering effort even when traveling through bends high driving comfort guaranteed and a controlled deflection of the car body the chassis center enables.
- the car body is inclined to the outside of the arc essentially only because of the quasi-static centrifugal forces.
- An additional inclination caused by the dynamic vibrations is largely prevented by the cross spring system.
- the clearance profile, which determines the maximum inclination of the car body, is not violated by the deflection effect of the dynamic vibrations.
- the transverse suspension thus allows driving at higher cornering speeds without violating the clearance profile. In addition, excessively high lateral accelerations are effectively buffered.
- the transverse suspension is designed as a passive system with a hydraulic accumulator, preferably a gas accumulator.
- a hydraulic accumulator For certain driving conditions, for example when driving straight ahead, it may be advantageous to switch off the transverse suspension.
- the connection to it can be designed to be shut off.
- both accumulators can be temporarily connectable to one another.
- the transverse compensator is designed with at least one cylinder, preferably two cylinders, one cylinder chamber of which can be controlled via a hydraulic circuit, while the other cylinder chamber is connected to a hydraulic accumulator.
- Driving comfort can be further increased if the transverse suspension has a damping device is assigned, preferably as a throttle valve with a variable orifice cross section is trained. Through this training can be at separate transverse vibration dampers required in conventional systems will. It is particularly advantageous to use the characteristic curve of the damping device mentioned depending on the acting lateral acceleration, the momentary Vehicle speed, route or track quality and / or vehicle loading to make changeable.
- a bypass line with a check valve is provided, which build up pressure in Cylinder bypassing the damping device of a cylinder allowed, so that Damping valve only works in one flow direction.
- the effective area in the cylinder space can be varied by the measure of forming a reduction body in the cylinder space, which plunges into a correspondingly shaped piston recess when the piston moves.
- the piston surface in the cylinder space and the piston surface in the annular space are thus matched to one another. It is possible to use a pump with a comparatively high system pressure, which is required anyway, for example, to control the active body tilt system.
- a single pump can thus be used for different hydraulic systems of the rail vehicle; it can e.g. B. also supply the hydraulic accumulator. With a pressure reducing valve between the pump and the hydraulic cylinder, a predetermined pressure can be set in a supply line to the hydraulic cylinder.
- a cross section of a rail vehicle 1 is shown, which is in the curve.
- This has a car body 2, which is supported by a suspension with air springs 3 on two bogies 4, of which only one is visible here.
- Wheels 6 or wheel groups are guided in each bogie 4 and roll on the rails 8 of a track.
- the car body 2 tilts due to the centrifugal forces and possibly due to the corresponding actuation of the car body inclination system (not shown), the maximum inclination angle ⁇ being predetermined by an envelope curve of the so-called clearance profile 10, which is not in any driving state by the rail vehicle 1 may be injured.
- the right side of the rail vehicle 1 would be the outside of the arc, too towards the body 2 tends due to centrifugal forces. In this state it is 1 air spring 3 on the right is compressed, while that on the opposite side (left) lying air spring 3 'is partially relieved.
- the chassis of the rail vehicle 1 and its driving speed are to be designed such that even under limit conditions the clearance profile 10 is not violated, so that, for example, when driving through Tunnels do not collide with the tunnel wall or with the side of the track outside arranged components can occur in said envelope.
- a transverse compensator 12 is provided, by means of which the car body with Reference to the bogie 4 can be moved in the horizontal transverse direction (y direction).
- the body 2 could by means of the cross compensator 12 are shifted to the left in the direction of arrow Z from the center position shown, where a virtual roll pole P of the car body from a position in the amount of Bogie 4 is raised to a position P 'at the level of the car body.
- a virtual roll pole P of the car body from a position in the amount of Bogie 4 is raised to a position P 'at the level of the car body.
- a transverse suspension 14 is assigned to the transverse compensator 12 shown in FIG. 1, the structure of which is shown schematically in FIG. 2 .
- the transverse compensator has two double-acting cylinders 16, 17, the cylinder housings of which are each articulated on the frame of the bogie 4, while the pistons 18 are fastened to the car body 2 with their oppositely arranged piston rods (possibly via a driving pin).
- the orientation of the cylinders 16, 17 could also be kinematically reversed, so that the piston rods extend toward the bogie while the cylinder housings are attached to the body.
- the cylinder spaces 20 of both cylinders 16, 17 are connected via working lines 22, 23 to a hydraulic circuit 24, which will be explained in more detail below.
- a hydraulic accumulator 28 or 29 is connected to an annular space 26, 27 of each cylinder 16, 17, preferably designed as a gas accumulator, so that the piston 18 moves against the spring action of the hydraulic accumulator 28 or 29.
- These two system branches are normally not connected to the two system branches connected to the hydraulic circuit 24, so that a uniform, i.e. motion-neutral pressure increase in the cylinder spaces 20 of the two cylinders 16, 17 cannot have a direct effect on the pressures in the gas stores 28, 29.
- the already mentioned additional buffers to achieve an even higher elasticity on the hydraulic side can be connected to the lines 22, 23 separately according to system branches.
- To increase the mechanical elasticity one could mount the bearing eyes of the piston rods and / or cylinders in rubber, provide the driving pin with a defined elasticity, etc. These advantageous options are not shown here.
- each hydraulic accumulator 28, 29 are designed as proportional valves Damping valves 32, 33 switched. In a first end position (shown in Fig. 2) shut off the feed lines 30, 31. In the second end position and the transition positions allow the pressurization of the associated annular space 26, 27 via the associated hydraulic accumulator 28, 29 with variable flow cross sections. If both damping valves are completely shut off, the connection between the Annular spaces 26, 27 interrupted to the hydraulic accumulators and is the cross compensation device hydraulically blocked in its current position.
- Each damping valve 32, 33 comprises a measuring orifice with a variable cross section.
- the connections 30, 31 to the hydraulic accumulators 28, 29 are variably controlled via the orifice plate. Dynamic vibrations in the system or in the cross compensator through the damping valves intercepted, undesirable car body movements are dampened.
- a controller 34 controls the damping valves 32, 33 while the cross compensator 12 is controlled by a further controller 36. Both systems are independent controllable from each other; however, they can depend on one and the same Measurand, e.g. B. the measured lateral acceleration of the rail vehicle or Car body, are influenced.
- transverse suspension 14 and Cross compensator 12 are shown as a unit, both systems can if necessary can also be arranged separately.
- the two cylinder spaces 20 of the transverse compensator 12 are supplied with hydraulic fluid via a pump P.
- a pump line 38 branches off from the pump and branches into branch lines 38a and 38b. These are each led to the inlet connections of a pressure reducing valve 40, 41. From the outlet of the respective pressure reducing valve, the two pump lines are led to the input of a 4/2-way valve 44, which in its switching position shown blocks the two pump lines 38a, 38b from the working lines 22, 23, but connects the latter to one another.
- each branch line 38a, 38b is connected to a working line 22, 23, so that the two cylinder spaces 20 can be supplied with hydraulic fluid or can flow out again
- the working lines 22, 23 can optionally be connected to the tank T (return) in the second switching position of the directional valve 44.
- a z. B. cylinder chamber can be pressurized by the pump P, while the hydraulic fluid in the other cylinder chamber is discharged into the tank by the piston movement.
- the valve spool of the damping valves 32, 33 is shown by a spring in the biased end position. It acts on the other control side of the valve spool a control pressure proportional to the difference between the accumulator pressure and the annulus pressure, so that when the pressure in the annular space 26 (27) increases, the damping valve 33 (32) opens while it is controlled when the pressure drops.
- the damping valves are controlled so that practically always one Connection to the respective hydraulic accumulators 28, 29 exists.
- a bypass line 46, 47 is provided parallel to the respective damping valve 32, 33, in each of which a check valve 48 is arranged, which a flow of the hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic accumulator 28, 29 to the corresponding annular space 26, 27 bypassing the Damping valve allows.
- a tank line 50, 51 branches off from each supply line 30, 31, in each of which a pressure-limiting valve 52 is arranged. If the pressure rises above an approved limit pressure in the feed line 30, 31, the hydraulic fluid is automatically discharged into the tank.
- the two hydraulic accumulators 28, 29 are connected to one another via a short-circuit line 54, in which a switching valve 56 is arranged. In its basic position shown, it locks the short-circuit line 54. In its second switching position, it opens the short-circuit line 54.
- a pressure line 58 branches off from the latter and can be connected to the pump line 38 is.
- There is another one between the pump line and the pressure line Switching valve 63 is provided, the connection in its spring-loaded basic position interrupts and in its second switching position the connection between the pressure line and pump line enables.
- the pump is a constant pressure pump that for example, can deliver a pressure of about 200 bar. This is therefore due to line pressure losses apart from in front of the pressure reducing valves 40, 41.
- a reduction body 62 is provided in the cylinder space 20 of each cylinder 16, 17, which is designed as a tube in the embodiment shown.
- the reduction body 62 protrudes towards the piston in the axial direction of the cylinder into the cylinder chamber 20 in.
- the piston head has a blind hole shape Recess 64, in which the reduction body can dip fluid-tight. Of the between the walls of the recess 64 and the end face of the reduction body 62 enclosed space is vented.
- the reduction body 62 which replaces a second piston rod with the advantage that it does not require any movement space outside the cylinder, reduces the piston area by the cross-sectional area of the reduction body, so that an effective piston area A K results. This corresponds approximately to the effective piston area A R in the annular space, so that the forces acting on the piston at the same pressures are approximately the same on both sides of the piston or differential forces across the piston are negligibly small.
- This cylinder construction thus enables the supply of hydraulic fluid via the high pressure pump.
- Fig. 4 shows an embodiment for a damping valve 32 or 33.
- This has a valve spool 67 which is guided in a valve bore 68 of a valve housing 70.
- the valve spool 67 has a cup-shaped structure, with a pilot valve being assigned to it, the control needle 72 of which plunges into the space formed by the valve spool 67.
- an outlet opening 74 formed in the bottom of the valve slide can be opened or closed, which opens into the valve bore.
- the control needle 72 is biased in the closing direction by means of an actuating spring 76 and can be actuated by means of a magnet coil 78.
- an inlet bore 78 is provided in the bottom of the valve slide 67, which connects the inlet line 30, 31 to the control chamber 80 of the pilot valve.
- valve slide 67 In its basic position, the valve slide 67 rests on its valve seat, so that the connection between the hydraulic accumulator 28 and the feed line 30 is interrupted.
- the hydraulic fluid in the feed line 3 ⁇ acts on the end face A 0 of the valve spool and reaches the control chamber 80 via the inlet throttle 78, so that a rear side A 2 of the valve spool is pressurized. Furthermore, a step surface A 1 of the control needle 72 is applied.
- the control needle 72 is moved upward against the pretension of the actuating spring 76, so that the drain opening 74 is opened and a control volume flow Q i which causes a pressure drop in the control chamber 80 bie on the valve slide rear side A 2 force is equal to the force acting on the valve spool end face A 0 .
- the valve slide 67 is raised, so that the connection to the hydraulic accumulator 28 is opened.
- damping valves 32 can also be used, in which a predetermined one Number of discrete intermediate stages can be called up, in which case instead of a proportional valve a solution with multiple switching valves can be used that the Allow setting of three intermediate levels, for example.
- the switching valve 56, the brought further switching valve 60 and the directional valve 44 in their open positions and the Hydraulic accumulator 28, 29 and the cylinder spaces 20 of the cylinders 16, 17 are supplied with hydraulic fluid.
- the annular spaces of the pistons are also bypass lines 46, 47 the pump pressure. Then the hydraulic accumulators are at their operating pressure brought and the piston 18 of the cylinder clamped in its central position.
- the hydraulic system Since the hydraulic system is charged when it is cold, it can be used when the temperature rises pressure rises occur during the operation of the rail vehicle. This are in the tank via the pressure relief valves 52 used as safety valves T relaxable.
- the body 2 When traveling through bends, the body 2 can be moved laterally with respect to the bogie 4 by, for example, the right cylinder chamber 20 in FIG. 3 via the pressure reducing valve 41 and the directional valve 44 is pressurized while the left cylinder chamber connected to the tank T via the directional valve 44 and the pressure reducing valve 40 is what the pressure reducing valve 40 is activated accordingly by its controller 36.
- the transverse suspension When the transverse suspension is activated, the two damping valves 32, 33 are in the bend travel switched into a through position while the switching valve 56 is closed. Vibrations are damped by the throttling action of the damping valves 32, 33.
- the two bypass lines 46, 47 ensure that only that damping valve 32 or 33 is effective, via which a pressure build-up towards the hydraulic accumulator 28, 29 happens.
- the other damping valve 33 or 32 is then from the backflow from the associated hydraulic accumulator 28, 29 via the bypass line 46, 47 and bypassed the check valve 48.
- the damping effect can be adjusted accordingly Activation of the damping valves 32, 33 via the transverse damping control 34 influence, so that different degrees of damping are adjustable.
- the damping valves 32, 33 In the event that the control of the damping valves 32, 33 fails, they will automatically brought into a state in which a maximum Throttling effect is present and the hardest damping level is set. Furthermore, the system can be provided with an emergency spring, which should the Hydraulic circuit takes over the transverse suspension. If the control fails, it will Directional valve 44 brought into its position shown, in which the two cylinder spaces 20th are interconnected. Then there is a balance between those on the end faces the piston 18 acting forces. The transverse movements of the car body will then no longer influenced by the active cross compensator. Furthermore, the switching valve 56 brought into its closed position in the event of control failure, so that the hydropneumatic suspension remains effective. This changes the driving comfort insignificant in some driving conditions, but driving safety is increased.
- FIG. 5 finally shows a simulation model with which the driving dynamics of a chassis provided with the transverse compensation device according to the invention can be simulated.
- the car body mass on which the pistons 18 of the cylinders 16, 17 act is designated by m.
- the cylinder spaces 20 of the cylinders 16, 17 can be connected either to the pump P or to the tank T via the pressure reducing valves 40, 41.
- the annular spaces 26, 27 of the cylinders 16, 17 are each connected to the hydraulic accumulators 28, 29, the damping valve 32, 33 being provided in the feed line 30, 31, respectively.
- the (secondary) air springs 3 are arranged, which form the vertical and in part also transverse support of the body 2. Desired driving conditions can be simulated by applying forces to the car body 2 and / or the bogie, which simulate the centrifugal force F (t) and the forces F '(t) caused by track position disturbances etc.
- the pressure reducing valves 40, 41 and the damping valves 32, 33 are controlled via their controls 34, 36.
- the transverse compensator is preferably hydropneumatic Acting transverse suspension assigned, which optionally depending on the route, the carriageway and the condition of the carriageway can be activated.
- the Cross spring can also with a preferably active damping system can be combined to effectively dampen high-frequency vibrations.
- the invention System can control the quasi-static lateral force through active pressure control the cylinders are held.
- the dynamic transverse vibrations are caused by the Secondary air springs and the transverse suspension added.
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Description
Unabhängig davon, ob ein Schienenfahrzeug mit dem Wagenkasten-Neigungssystem ausgerüstet ist, läßt sich der Wagenkasten gegenüber dem Drehgestell durch eine Querkompensationseinrichtung aktiv seitlich verschieben. Durch die Querkompensationseinrichtung wird der Wagenkasten entgegen der auf ihn einwirkenden Fliehkraft etwa in seiner Mittelstellung gehalten, so daß die Querfederung des Schienenfahrzeugs bei Geradeausfahrt und bei Bogenfahrt etwa im gleichen Bereich ihrer Kennlinie arbeitet, in dem eine weichere Federung erzielt wird als in einem Bereich, bei dem der Wagenkasten stark seitlich verschoben ist und an Gummipuffern mit einer steilen Kennlinie (=harte Federung) anliegt. Darüberhinaus läßt sich mit der Querkompensationseinrichtung der Wankpol des Wagenkastens auf eine vorbestimmte (Soll-)Position einstellen. Als Wankpol wird die virtuelle, parallel zur Fahrzeuglängsrichtung verlaufende Drehachse bezeichnet, um die der Wagenkasten bei der Bogenfahrt aufgrund der einwirkenden Fliehkraft und ggf. aufgrund der Wirkung des Wagenkasten-Neigungssystems dreht. Üblicherweise wird angestrebt, den Wankpol etwa auf Sitzhöhe oder, genauer gesagt, auf Magenhöhe des Fahrgasts einzustellen. Damit kann man auch bei hohen Bogengeschwindigkeiten gewährleisten, daß das Wohlbefinden des Fahrgasts nicht durch Fliehkraftwirkungen negativ beeinträchtigt wird.
Diese Schwingungen können bei schnell ansprechenden Querkompensationssystemen zu entsprechenden Reaktionen im Regelkreis führen, so daß es bei bestimmten Fahrzuständen, insbesondere bei der Bogenfahrt, zu ständigen Änderungen der Wagenkastenposition quer zum Fahrgestell kommen kann, so daß die Laufruhe des Schienenfahrzeugs im Bogen nicht den geltenden hohen Ansprüchen genügen kann. Legt man aber die Regelung so träge aus, daß sie auf die dynamischen Schwingungen nicht reagiert, so läßt sich ebenfalls nicht der gewünschte Fahrkomfort erzielen.
Die Querfederung erlaubt somit ein Fahren mit höheren Kurvengeschwindigheiten ohne Verletzung des Lichtraumprofils. Darüber hinaus werden übermäßig hohe Querbeschleunigungen wirksam gepuffert.
Ein besonders einfach aufgebautes und zuverlässig arbeitendes System erhält man, wenn der Querkompensator mit zumindest einem Zylinder, vorzugsweise zwei Zylindern ausgebildet ist, deren einer Zylinderraum über einen Hydraulikkreislauf ansteuerbar ist, während der andere Zylinderraum jeweils an einen Hydrospeicher angeschlossen ist.
Mit einem Druckreduzierventil zwischen der Pumpe und dem Hydraulikzylinder kann in einer Zuleitung zum Hydraulikzylinder ein vorbestimmter Druck eingestellt werden.
- Fig. 1
- einen Querschnitt durch ein Schienenfahrzeug mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zur Kompensation von Querkräften,
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Querkompensators mit einer Querfederung,
- Fig. 3
- einen Hydraulikschaltplan für ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Einrichtung zum Kompensation von Querkräften,
- Fig. 4
- ein in einer Schaltung gemäß Fig. 3 verwendetes Dämpfungsventil und
- Fig. 5
- ein Simulationsmodell für die Simulation der Fahrdynamik eines Schienenfahrzeugs mit einer Querfederung.
Diese beiden Systemzweige sind mit den beiden an die Hydraulikschaltung 24 angeschlossenen Systemzweigen normalerweise nicht verbunden, so daß sich eine gleichmäßige, also bewegungsneutrale Druckerhöhung in den Zylinderräumen 20 der beiden Zylinder 16, 17 nicht unmittelbar auf die Drücke in den Gasspeichern 28, 29 auswirken kann.
Die bereits erwähnten zusätzlichen Puffer zum Erzielen einer noch höheren Elastizität auf der hydraulischen Seite können an die Leitungen 22, 23 getrennt nach Systemzweigen angeschlossen werden.
Zum Erhöhen der mechanischen Elastizität könnte man die Lageraugen der Kolbenstangen und/oder Zylinder in Gummi lagern, den Mitnehmerzapfen mit einer definierten Elastizität versehen etc. Diese vorteilhaften Optionen sind hier nicht dargestellt.
Demgemäß werden die beiden Zylinderräume 20 des Querkompensators 12 über eine Pumpe P mit Hydraulikfluid versorgt. Dazu geht von der Pumpe eine Pumpenleitung 38 ab, die in Zweigleitungen 38a und 38b verzweigt. Diese sind jeweils zu Eingangsanschlüssen eines Druckreduzierventils 40, 41 geführt. Vom Ausgang des jeweiligen Druckreduzierventils sind die beiden Pumpenleitungen zum Eingang eines 4/2-Wegeventils 44 geführt, das in seiner gezeigten Schaltstellung die beiden Pumpenleitungen 38a, 38b gegenüber den Arbeitsleitungen 22, 23 absperrt, jedoch letztere miteinander verbindet. In der zweiten Schaltstellung des Wegeventils 44 ist jede Zweigleitung 38a, 38b mit einer Arbeitsleitung 22, 23 verbunden, so daß die beiden Zylinderräume 20 mit Hydraulikfluid versorgbar sind bzw. dieses auch wieder abfließen kann
Indem in der ersten Schaltstellung des Wegeventils 44 die beiden Arbeitsleitungen 22, 23 und damit die Zylinderräume 20 miteinander verbunden sind, wird bei einer von außen aufgeprägten Bewegung der Kolben 18 nur Hydraulikfluid zwischen den Zylinderräumen 20 hin- und her gepumpt. Durch entsprechende Ansteuerung der elektromagnetisch betätigbaren Druckreduzierventile 40, 41 lassen sich die Arbeitsleitungen 22, 23 wahlweise in der zweiten Schaltstellung des Wegeventils 44 mit dem Tank T (Rücklauf) verbinden. So kann ein z. B. Zylinderraum mit Druck von der Pumpe P beaufschlagt werden, während das Hydraulikfluid im anderen Zylinderraum durch die einsetzende Kolbenbewegung in den Tank abgeführt wird.
Des weiteren zweigt von jeder Zuleitung 30, 31 eine Tankleitung 50, 51 ab, in der jeweils ein Druckbegrenzungsventil 52 angeordnet ist. Bei einer Drucküberhöhung über einen zugelassenen Grenzdruck in der Zuleitung 30, 31 hinaus wird das Hydraulikfluid selbsttätig in den Tank abgeführt.
Durch entsprechende Ansteuerung der Druckreduzierventile 40, 41 läßt sich in dem sich verkleinernden Zylinderraum 20 ein entsprechender Vordruck einstellen, der ebenfalls eine Dämpfung der Querkompensatorbewegung bewirkt.
Dabei ist mit m die Wagenkastenmasse bezeichnet, an der die Kolben 18 der Zylinder 16,17 angreifen. Die Zylinderräume 20 der Zylinder 16, 17 sind über die Druckreduzierventile 40, 41 wahlweise mit der Pumpe P oder mit dem Tank T verbindbar. Die Ringräume 26, 27 der Zylinder 16, 17 sind jeweils mit den Hydrospeichern 28, 29 verbunden, wobei in der Zuleitung 30, 31 jeweils das Dämpfungsventil 32, 33 vorgesehen ist.
Gewünschte Fahrzustände lassen sich simulieren, indem der Wagenkasten 2 und/oder das Drehgestell mit Kräften beaufschlagt werden, die die Fliehkraft F(t) und die durch Gleislagestörungen usw. verursachten Kräfte F'(t) simulieren. Die Druckreduzierventile 40, 41 und die Dämpfungsventile 32, 33 werden über ihre Steuerungen 34, 36 angesteuert.
Claims (15)
- Einrichtung zur Kompensation von auf ein Schienenfahrzeug (1) wirkenden Querkräften, dessen Wagenkasten (2) über eine Federung (3, 3') auf zumindest einem Fahrgestell (4) abgestützt ist, mit einem über einen Steuerkreis (24) ansteuerbaren Querkompensator (12) mit zwei Zylindern (16, 17) zum Verschieben des Wagenkastens quer zum Fahrgestell, wobei dem Querkompensator (12) eine Querfederung (14) zur Abfederung dynamischer Schwingungen zugeordnet ist und die Zylinder (16, 17) jeweils zwei Zylinderräume (20; 26, 27) aufweisen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß jeweils ein Zylinderraum (20) der Zylinder (16, 17) des Querkompensators (12) mit einer Druckquelle (P) und der jeweils andere Zylinderraum (26, 27) mit jeweils einem Hydrospeicher (28, 29) verbindbar ist. - Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Querfederung (14) mindestens einen insbesondere als Gasspeicher ausgeführten Hydrospeicher (28, 29) hat. - Einrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß eine Zuleitung (30, 31) zu dem Hydrospeicher (28 , 29) absperrbar ist. - Einrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zwischen den beiden Hydrospeichern (28, 29) eine von einem Schaltventil (56) aufund zuschaltbare Verbindung (54) vorgesehen ist. - Einrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß in die Zuleitung (30, 31) zwischen Hydrospeicher (28, 29) und Zylinder (16, 17) eine Dämpfungseinrichtung (32, 33) geschaltet ist. - Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Dämpfungsgrad der Dämpfungseinrichtung (32, 33) in Abhängigkeit von Fahrparametern des Schienenfahrzeugs (1) veränderbar ist. - Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Dämpfungseinrichtung ein Proportionalventil (32, 33) mit veränderbarem Blendenquerschnitt ist. - Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zur Überbrückung der Dämpfungseinrichtung (32, 33) eine mit einem Rückschlagventil (48) versehene Bypaßleitung vorgesehen ist. - Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß jeder Zylinder (16, 17) des Querkompensators einen in einen Zylinderraum (20) ragenden Reduktionskörper (62) hat, der in eine entsprechende Ausnehmung (64) des Kolbens (18) eintaucht. - Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Kolben (18) jedes Zylinders am Wagenkasten (2) angelenkt ist. - Einrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zwei einander entsprechende Zylinderräume (20) der Zylinder (16, 17) über ein Wegeventil (44) in einer ersten Schaltstellung miteinander verbindbar und in einer zweiten Schaltstellung an eine Druckleitung (38) anschließbar sind. - Einrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß in einer Zuleitung (22, 23) zu jedem Zylinder (16, 17) ein Druckreduzierventil (40, 41) zum Aufbau eines vorbestimmten Zylinderdrucks vorgesehen ist, über das der Zylinderraum (20) wahlweise mit einer Pumpe (P) oder mit einem Rücklauf/Tank (T) verbindbar ist. - Einrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Pumpe eine Konstantdruckpumpe ist. - Einrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 2 und 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Pumpe (P) sowohl den Querkompensator (12) als auch den Hydrospeicher (28, 29) versorgt. - Einrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche, kombiniert mit einer Vorrichtung zum aktiven Steuern der Seitenneigung des Wagenkastens.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19512437A DE19512437A1 (de) | 1995-04-03 | 1995-04-03 | Einrichtung zur Kompensation der auf ein Schienenfahrzeug wirkenden Querkraft |
DE19512437 | 1995-04-03 | ||
PCT/EP1996/001341 WO1996031385A1 (de) | 1995-04-03 | 1996-03-27 | Einrichtung zur kompensation von auf ein schienenfahrzeug wirkenden querkräften |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0819078A1 EP0819078A1 (de) | 1998-01-21 |
EP0819078B1 true EP0819078B1 (de) | 1998-12-09 |
Family
ID=7758657
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96908143A Expired - Lifetime EP0819078B1 (de) | 1995-04-03 | 1996-03-27 | Einrichtung zur kompensation von auf ein schienenfahrzeug wirkenden querkräften |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5943962A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0819078B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE174277T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2217222A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19512437A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2129959T3 (de) |
NO (1) | NO307650B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996031385A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
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CN110539770A (zh) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-12-06 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | 一种列车减震器阻尼控制方法及装置 |
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DE19703322C1 (de) * | 1997-01-30 | 1998-03-26 | Abb Daimler Benz Transp | Neigungssteuerung für Schienenfahrzeuge |
DE19806347C1 (de) * | 1998-02-12 | 1999-07-15 | Mannesmann Ag | Vorrichtung zur aktiven Querzentrierung und Schwingungsdämpfung bei Schienenfahrzeugen (AQZ-Zylinder) |
DE10116882A1 (de) * | 2001-04-04 | 2002-10-17 | Bombardier Transp Gmbh | Verfahren zur Steuerung des Neigungswinkels eines Wagenkastens gegenüber einem Fahrwerk eines Fahrzeugs und Fahrzeug zur Ausübung des Verfahrens |
DE10157368A1 (de) * | 2001-11-23 | 2003-06-12 | Bombardier Transp Gmbh | Positionseinstellung eines Fahrzeug-Wagenkörpers |
US7269947B2 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-09-18 | Caterpillar Inc. | Vibration control method and vibration control system for fluid pressure control circuit |
AT503256B1 (de) * | 2006-03-13 | 2011-10-15 | Siemens Ag Oesterreich | Elektronische luftfedersteuerung zur reduktion des luftverbrauches und zur schnellen ausregelung des sollniveaus |
CN101674967B (zh) * | 2007-12-06 | 2011-10-26 | 萱场工业株式会社 | 铁路车辆的车体倾斜装置 |
EP2226233B1 (de) * | 2009-03-06 | 2017-05-31 | Construcciones Y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles, S.A. | Neigungssteuerungssystem für Schienenfahrzeuge |
DE102009014866A1 (de) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-28 | Bombardier Transportation Gmbh | Fahrzeug mit Wankkompensation |
JP4982593B2 (ja) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-07-25 | 日本ムーグ株式会社 | リニアアクチュエータ及び鉄道車両用の揺動制御装置 |
JP4850978B1 (ja) * | 2011-05-09 | 2012-01-11 | ピー・エス・シー株式会社 | 車体傾斜装置及び車体傾斜装置に用いられる二層三方弁 |
WO2012176348A1 (ja) * | 2011-06-23 | 2012-12-27 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 列車運行制御システム |
KR101970508B1 (ko) * | 2012-07-13 | 2019-08-27 | 가와사키 쥬코교 가부시키가이샤 (디/비/에이 가와사키 헤비 인더스트리즈, 리미티드) | 차체 지지 장치 및 철도 차량 |
EP2871110B1 (de) * | 2013-11-07 | 2018-07-04 | Bombardier Transportation GmbH | Seitenwindstabilisierungsverfahren und zugehöriges schienenfahrzeug |
JP2015214201A (ja) * | 2014-05-08 | 2015-12-03 | 日本車輌製造株式会社 | 鉄道車両の異常検知装置および鉄道車両の異常検知方法 |
JP6444120B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-30 | 2018-12-26 | 東日本旅客鉄道株式会社 | 車体傾斜制御装置 |
DE102015113078A1 (de) | 2015-08-07 | 2017-02-09 | Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH | Verfahren zur Inbetriebnahme eines Bremssystems mit vorgegebenen Zulassungsvoraussetzungen sowie System zur Inbetriebnahme eines Bremssystems mit vorgegebenen Zulassungsvoraussetzungen |
JP6654943B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-24 | 2020-02-26 | Kyb株式会社 | 鉄道車両用制振装置 |
JP6650337B2 (ja) * | 2016-04-28 | 2020-02-19 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 鉄道車両の輪重調整装置 |
US10272929B2 (en) | 2016-05-11 | 2019-04-30 | Progress Rail Locomotive Inc. | System and apparatus to maintain minimum clearance between train and railway infrastructure |
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DE102018009962B3 (de) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-04-23 | Aventics Gmbh | Ventilanordnung und Verfahren zur Regelung des Luftfederungsniveaus eines Schienenfahrzeugs |
DE112020007720T5 (de) * | 2020-10-20 | 2023-08-10 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Fehlerbestimmungseinrichtung, bremsensteuerungseinrichtung und fehlerbestimmungsverfahren |
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-
1995
- 1995-04-03 DE DE19512437A patent/DE19512437A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-03-27 CA CA002217222A patent/CA2217222A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-03-27 US US08/930,138 patent/US5943962A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-27 WO PCT/EP1996/001341 patent/WO1996031385A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1996-03-27 EP EP96908143A patent/EP0819078B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-27 AT AT96908143T patent/ATE174277T1/de active
- 1996-03-27 DE DE59600969T patent/DE59600969D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-27 ES ES96908143T patent/ES2129959T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-10-02 NO NO974560A patent/NO307650B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110539770A (zh) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-12-06 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | 一种列车减震器阻尼控制方法及装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO974560D0 (no) | 1997-10-02 |
NO974560L (no) | 1997-10-02 |
EP0819078A1 (de) | 1998-01-21 |
CA2217222A1 (en) | 1996-10-10 |
ATE174277T1 (de) | 1998-12-15 |
US5943962A (en) | 1999-08-31 |
ES2129959T3 (es) | 1999-06-16 |
NO307650B1 (no) | 2000-05-08 |
WO1996031385A1 (de) | 1996-10-10 |
DE19512437A1 (de) | 1996-10-10 |
DE59600969D1 (de) | 1999-01-21 |
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