EP0815394B1 - Combustion plant - Google Patents

Combustion plant Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0815394B1
EP0815394B1 EP96905650A EP96905650A EP0815394B1 EP 0815394 B1 EP0815394 B1 EP 0815394B1 EP 96905650 A EP96905650 A EP 96905650A EP 96905650 A EP96905650 A EP 96905650A EP 0815394 B1 EP0815394 B1 EP 0815394B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
combustion
zone
combustion chamber
smelting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96905650A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0815394A1 (en
EP0815394B2 (en
Inventor
Theodor Koch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=4197730&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0815394(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0815394A1 publication Critical patent/EP0815394A1/en
Publication of EP0815394B1 publication Critical patent/EP0815394B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0815394B2 publication Critical patent/EP0815394B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/085High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23MCASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00Combustion
    • F23G2202/10Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/104Combustion in two or more stages with ash melting stage
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/101Furnace arrangements with stepped or inclined grate
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2206/00Waste heat recuperation
    • F23G2206/10Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00Specific waste
    • F23G2209/30Solid combustion residues, e.g. bottom or flyash

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device according to the Preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating such a device.
  • Combustion or Firing systems can actually be divided into two categories differentiate.
  • the first category are the so-called grate firing systems Such are suitable for fixed Fuels such as household waste, industrial waste, Coal etc. These fuels are on a grate burned.
  • a first phase the fuel dried and degassed. This is already partly done in the loading zone of the plant. This is done by the radiation from the combustion chamber and by adding preheated air triggered. This also takes place here Ignition of the fuel on its surface as a result of Flame radiation from the combustion chamber.
  • a second phase the main combustion now takes place, with the dried one Fuel ignites completely (not only on the surface). In this phase there is now more air than in the first phase fed.
  • solid Carbon instead of gaseous products, which by the Firebox in the afterburning chamber.
  • the phases shown here are usually in the Incineration plant also carried out separately, conventionally for example on a mobile Rust, which the fuel slowly in the combustion chamber transported forward.
  • a mobile Rust which the fuel slowly in the combustion chamber transported forward.
  • the transitions of the phases are fluent or not recognizable at all, especially with high fuel calorific values.
  • the second category of incinerators includes Melting processes, such as rotary tube or melting chambers.
  • the rotary tube systems in particular are particularly suitable for the Incineration of chemical waste in solid, pasty or suitable in liquid form. These last two Waste forms cannot be used in grate furnaces as they are not stored on the conventional grate or can be transported.
  • In the melting process become those left over from the combustion process Residues melted. This is done through heat exchange between the residues and the hot smoke gases from the Combustion process in the rotary tube or the melting chamber.
  • the the remaining slag is usually one water-cooled detoxifier fed and solidifies there a glazed granulate, which due to its Water insolubility can be easily deposited.
  • plants can also leave residues of Incinerators of the first category are melted, however, a very high energy input is necessary, since these residues are introduced in cold condition and must be heated up first.
  • Such systems are suitable bad for those due to their low throughput Burning large amounts of fuel, such as of household and / or commercial waste. You can also use the additionally supplied combustion air poorly press such garbage, which means that the Does not melt required combustion temperatures can always be reached or not reliably.
  • the object of the present invention was now to to provide an incinerator, which at a high throughput also solid and / or pasty Can burn fuels and the combustion residue can melt.
  • the afterburner can now on one Grate incinerator on the last grate area, at conventional systems the burnout area, sufficiently high Temperatures are reached to the combustion residues to melt here. This ensures that the remaining residue as a liquid and / or pasty Slag accumulates, for example in a water bath can be cooled, as is the case with a rotary kiln is known.
  • a cooled slag now contains Residual heavy metal residues in water-insoluble, glazed Form and shows only a very small proportion flammable residual material. Such slags can now can be deposited easily.
  • Such an arrangement according to the invention is particularly suitable Device for the combustion of household and Industrial waste.
  • Figures 1 to 3 are the three known types of Grate combustion systems shown schematically. Basically all of these systems have a feed device 1 with which the fuel 2 in the furnace is introduced. The plants usually have one Firing grate 3 and a burnout grate 4. The Fuel 2 is thereby by devices on the grate 3 and 4 itself in the direction of the slag opening 5 transported. For example, known ones for this movable gratings such as roller gratings, push-back gratings, Counter slide grates or counter slide grids used. The Afterburner 6 is in countercurrent firing, as in 1, right at the beginning of the combustion chamber 7 arranged. This leads to the smoke gases being counter to the Direction of movement of the fuel 2 only partially over this be managed.
  • a feed device 1 with which the fuel 2 in the furnace is introduced.
  • the plants usually have one Firing grate 3 and a burnout grate 4.
  • the Fuel 2 is thereby by devices on the grate 3 and 4 itself in the direction of the slag opening 5 transported.
  • the direct current firing according to FIG. 3 also brings no significant improvement in this regard.
  • the afterburner 6 a little further in Material flow direction arranged shifted, here in essentially only the combustion chamber 7 'above the actual one Combustion zone in the combustion chamber protruding edge 8 is easily completed.
  • Burnout rust 4 is not or only here slightly from the hot flue gases of the combustion zone affects.
  • combustion chamber 7 as for example in longitudinal section in FIG shown to the desired result.
  • combustion chamber 7 is formed behind the burnout grate 4, and in this area is preferably also narrowed the hot flue gases over the combustion residues 2 ' guided.
  • the narrowing causes an additional one Heating these combustion residues, among other things by additional heat radiation from the combustion chamber walls, with which that required for the melting of these residues 2 ' Temperature can only be reached.
  • the combustion chamber is preferably in the direction of the flue gas flow provided with swirling edges 9, which to a Swirl the flue gases. This vortex leads also to a better, i.e. homogeneous high Flue gas temperature, which reaches in the afterburning chamber 6 becomes.
  • the grids 3, 4 are not too fast due to the great heat worn out or destroyed, and still open additional air supply for the combustion resp. the Melting process can be dispensed with is preferred provided according to the invention, the grids 3, 4 through cooling channels to cool in the grates themselves.
  • the cooling can be done by gaseous or liquid coolants.
  • the coolant and its temperature can on the one hand the destruction or major wear of the grate 3,4 can be prevented and on the other hand also influence the Combustion process taken in the main combustion area become. It is now possible to approximate one constant stoichiometric combustion in this area too which also develops the hottest flue gases. This cannot be done with conventional grate furnaces can be guaranteed because the additional air is also used Cooling of the grids 3.4 is used. This leads to high calorific fuels cause combustion there must be done with excess air to make the grate 3.4 sufficient to cool.
  • the inventive arrangement of the combustion chamber the burnout grate 4 actually turns into a melting grate.
  • Such a device according to the invention can be universal for the combustion of all fuels are used, with the first area with the Rust combustion in particular also has a very high throughput for solid fuels can be achieved.
  • the walls 7 'of the combustion chamber 7 can chilled masonry can be built, as also on figure 4 can be seen.
  • the masonry for example Air channels available. Cooling air can now flow through these channels be guided and, if necessary, then the combustion chamber 7 are supplied as combustion air. This is Particularly advantageous if a fuel 2 is used low calorific value must be burned, at which a Heat loss through the combustion chamber walls 7 'can be prevented should, so that the melting of the slag is promoted.
  • the temperature of the walls 7 ' i.e. of the masonry preferably by an appropriately regulated or controlled supply of cooling air within a predetermined value held.
  • This temperature value should according to the invention just below the melting temperature of the the walls for the deposit of fly ash or Slag parts are kept.
  • fuel 2 with a high calorific value are with a Device higher temperatures in the combustion chamber 7 than this Slag melting temperature achieved.
  • By an appropriate Cooling of the combustion chamber walls will melt the Fly ash resp. Prevents slag. The melted one The masonry would be severely affected by slag pull. Due to the adjustability of this temperature moreover the thickness of the slag layer can be adjusted preferably only a very thin layer of slag sought.

Abstract

The invention concerns a device for burning solid or pasty material (2) by means of a furnace grate (3, 4), said device comprising a closed combustion chamber (7) above the grate region (3, 4). The secondary combustion chamber (6) is arranged after the entire grate region (3, 4). The hot flue gases are thus guided out of the first grate region (3), in which the material for combustion (2) is actually burned, via the rear region of the grate (4). In this way, the residues of combustion (2') are melted in this rear region (4). The residues of combustion remaining after the combustion of domestic and commercial waste can thus be minimized, such residues being practically free from material which is still combustible and including heavy metals associated such that they are insoluble in water.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 sowie ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen Vorrichtung.The present invention relates to a device according to the Preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating such a device.

Bekannte derartige Vorrichtungen, d.h. Verbrennungs- resp. Feuerungsanlagen lassen sich eigentlich in zwei Kategorien unterscheiden.Known such devices, i.e. Combustion or Firing systems can actually be divided into two categories differentiate.

Die erste Kategorie stellen die sogenannten Rost-Feuerungsanlagen dar. Solche eignen sich für feste Brennstoffe, wie beispielsweise Hausmüll, Industriemüll, Kohle etc. Diese Brennstoffe werden auf einem Rost verbrannt. In einer ersten Phase wird der Brennstoff getrocknet und entgast. Dies erfolgt teilweise bereits in der Beschickungszone der Anlage. Dieser Vorgang wird durch die Strahlung des Feuerraumes und durch Zugabe von vorgewärmter Luft ausgelöst. Ebenfalls erfolgt hier auch die Zündung des Brennstoffes an seiner Oberfläche infolge der Flammstrahlung des Feuerraumes. In einer zweiten Phase findet nun die Hauptverbrennung statt, wobei der getrocknete Brennstoff vollständig zündet (nicht nur an der Oberfläche). In dieser Phase wird nun mehr Luft als in der ersten Phase zugeführt. Dabei findet hier die Umsetzung von festem Kohlenstoff zu gasförmigen Produkten statt, welche durch den Feuerraum in die Nachbrennkammer resp. den Rauchgasabzug gelangen. In diesem Ofenabschnitt herrschen hohe Temperaturen. Je nach Heizwert des Brennstoffes wird in dieser Phase die Zufuhr der Luftmenge gesteuert resp. angepasst. Dieser Anpassung sind jedoch Grenzen gesetzt, da die zusätzlich zugeführte Luft auch zur Kühlung des Rostes dient und gerade bei hochkalorischem Brennstoff in der Regel mit Luftüberschuss aus eben diesen genannten Gründen gearbeitet werden muss. Als letzte Phase findet anschliessend die Restverbrennung statt. Der noch nicht vollständig ausgebrannte Brennstoff, d.h. der Verbrennungsrückstand, beispielsweise gepresstes Papier, grobe Stoffe und restlicher fester Kohlenstoff, gelangt hier zur Verbrennung resp. zum Ausbrand. Da hier ein möglichst geringer Wärmeverlust auftreten soll, damit die Restverbrennung möglichst vollständig durchgeführt werden kann, sollte hier auch nur eine entsprechend kleine Luftmenge zugeführt werden (wegen Abkühlungsgefahr des Verbrennungsrückstandes).The first category are the so-called grate firing systems Such are suitable for fixed Fuels such as household waste, industrial waste, Coal etc. These fuels are on a grate burned. In a first phase, the fuel dried and degassed. This is already partly done in the loading zone of the plant. This is done by the radiation from the combustion chamber and by adding preheated air triggered. This also takes place here Ignition of the fuel on its surface as a result of Flame radiation from the combustion chamber. In a second phase the main combustion now takes place, with the dried one Fuel ignites completely (not only on the surface). In this phase there is now more air than in the first phase fed. Here, the implementation of solid Carbon instead of gaseous products, which by the Firebox in the afterburning chamber. the flue gas outlet reach. This section of the furnace is high Temperatures. Depending on the calorific value of the fuel, in this phase controlled the supply of air volume or. customized. There are limits to this adjustment, however the additionally supplied air also for cooling the grate serves and especially with high-calorie fuel usually with excess air for precisely these reasons has to be worked. As the final stage then the residual combustion takes place. Not yet completely burned out fuel, i.e. of the Combustion residue, for example pressed paper, coarse materials and remaining solid carbon, get here for combustion or to burn out. Since here one if possible low heat loss should occur so that Residual combustion should be carried out as completely as possible can, should only be a correspondingly small one here Air volume are supplied (due to the risk of cooling of the Combustion residue).

Die hier dargestellten Phasen werden in der Regel in der Verbrennungsanlage auch örtlich getrennt vorgenommen, herkömmlicherweise beispielsweise auf einem beweglichen Rost, welcher den Brennstoff langsam in der Brennkammer vorwärts transportiert. Je nach Art des Brennstoffes sind die Übergänge der Phasen fliessend oder gar nicht erkennbar, insbesondere bei hohen Brennstoff-Heizwerten.The phases shown here are usually in the Incineration plant also carried out separately, conventionally for example on a mobile Rust, which the fuel slowly in the combustion chamber transported forward. Depending on the type of fuel the transitions of the phases are fluent or not recognizable at all, especially with high fuel calorific values.

Der Nachteil dieser ersten Kategorie von Verbrennungsanlagen liegt insbesondere darin, dass die in fester Form anfallenden Verbrennungsrückstände sich aufgrund ihrer Wasserlöslichkeit nicht auf einfache Weise deponieren lassen. Ebenfalls weisen diese Rückstände noch einen verhältnismässig hohen Anteil an unverbranntem Material auf, und die darin enthaltenen Schwermetalle sind nicht immobilisiert. Dies liegt daran, dass in der Ausbrandzone kein Schmelzen des Restbrennstoffes und der Rückstände erfolgt.The disadvantage of this first category of incinerators is in particular that the in solid form resulting combustion residues due to their Do not simply deposit water solubility to let. These residues also have one relatively high proportion of unburned material, and the heavy metals it contains are not immobilized. This is because in the burnout zone no melting of the residual fuel and residues he follows.

In die zweite Kategorie von Verbrennungsanlagen gehören die Schmelzverfahren, wie Drehrohr- oder Schmelzkammern. Insbesondere die Drehrohranlagen sind besonders für die Verbrennung von chemischen Abfällen in fester, pastöser oder flüssiger Form geeignet. Gerade diese beiden letzten Abfallformen können nicht in Rost-Feuerungsanlagen verwendet werden, da sie nicht auf dem herkömmlichen Rost gelagert oder transportiert werden können. Beim Schmelzverfahren werden die aus dem Verbrennungsprozess übrigbleibenden Rückstände geschmolzen. Dies erfolgt durch Wärmeaustausch zwischen den Rückständen und den heissen Rauchgasen aus dem Verbrennungsprozess im Drehrohr oder der Schmelzkammer. Die danach verbleibende Schlacke wird einem in der Regel wassergekühlten Entschlacker zugeführt und erstarrt dort zu einem verglasten Granulat, welches sich aufgrund seiner Wasserunlöslichkeit leicht deponieren lässt. In solchen Anlagen können beispielsweise auch Rückstände von Verbrennungsanlagen der ersten Kategorie geschmolzen werden, wobei allerdings eine sehr hohe Energiezufuhr notwendig ist, da diese Rückstände in kaltem Zusand eingebracht werden und zuerst aufgeheizt werden müssen.The second category of incinerators includes Melting processes, such as rotary tube or melting chambers. The rotary tube systems in particular are particularly suitable for the Incineration of chemical waste in solid, pasty or suitable in liquid form. These last two Waste forms cannot be used in grate furnaces as they are not stored on the conventional grate or can be transported. In the melting process become those left over from the combustion process Residues melted. This is done through heat exchange between the residues and the hot smoke gases from the Combustion process in the rotary tube or the melting chamber. The the remaining slag is usually one water-cooled detoxifier fed and solidifies there a glazed granulate, which due to its Water insolubility can be easily deposited. In such For example, plants can also leave residues of Incinerators of the first category are melted, however, a very high energy input is necessary, since these residues are introduced in cold condition and must be heated up first.

Derartige Anlagen, insbesondere Drehrohranlagen, eignen sich aufgrund ihrer geringen Durchsatzleistung schlecht für die Verbrennung von grossen Brennstoffmengen, wie beispielsweise von Haus- und/oder Gewerbemüll. Ebenfalls lässt sich die zusätzlich zugeführte Verbrennungsluft schlecht durch solchen Müll pressen, was zur Folge hat, dass die zum Schmelzen erforderlichen Verbrennungstemperaturen nicht immer oder nicht zuverlässig erreicht werden können.Such systems, in particular rotary tube systems, are suitable bad for those due to their low throughput Burning large amounts of fuel, such as of household and / or commercial waste. You can also use the additionally supplied combustion air poorly press such garbage, which means that the Does not melt required combustion temperatures can always be reached or not reliably.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung bestand nun darin, eine Verbrennungsanlage bereitzustellen, welche bei einer grossen Durchsatzleistung auch feste und/oder pastöse Brennstoffe verbrennen kann und den Verbrennungsrückstand schmelzen kann.The object of the present invention was now to to provide an incinerator, which at a high throughput also solid and / or pasty Can burn fuels and the combustion residue can melt.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch die Kennzeichen nach Anspruch 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characteristics solved according to claim 1.

Durch die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung der Brennkammer resp. der Nachbrennkammer können nun auf einer Rostverbrennungsanlage auf dem letzten Rostbereich, bei herkömmlichen Anlagen dem Ausbrandbereich, genügend hohe Temperaturen erreicht werden, um die Verbrennungsrückstände hier zu schmelzen. Damit wird erreicht, dass der übrigbleibende Rückstand als flüssige und/oder pastöse Schlacke anfällt, welche beispielsweise in einem Wasserbad abgekühlt werden kann, wie dies bei Drehrohr-Schmelzofen bekannt ist. Eine solche abgekühlte Schlacke enthält nun Restschwermetallrückstände in wasserunlöslicher, verglaster Form und weist nur noch einen sehr geringen Anteil an brennbarem Restmaterial auf. Derartige Schlacken können nun problemlos deponiert werden.Due to the arrangement of the combustion chamber according to the invention. the afterburner can now on one Grate incinerator on the last grate area, at conventional systems the burnout area, sufficiently high Temperatures are reached to the combustion residues to melt here. This ensures that the remaining residue as a liquid and / or pasty Slag accumulates, for example in a water bath can be cooled, as is the case with a rotary kiln is known. Such a cooled slag now contains Residual heavy metal residues in water-insoluble, glazed Form and shows only a very small proportion flammable residual material. Such slags can now can be deposited easily.

Weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen 2 bis 16 dargelegt.Further preferred embodiments of the invention are in dependent claims 2 to 16.

Erfindungsgemäss wird für den Betrieb der Vorrichtung ein Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 17 bis 21 vorgeschlagen.According to the invention, one is used to operate the device Method according to claims 17 to 21 proposed.

Insbesondere eignet sich eine solche erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung für die Verbrennung von Haushalt- und Gewerbeabfällen.Such an arrangement according to the invention is particularly suitable Device for the combustion of household and Industrial waste.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachstehend anhand von Zeichnungen noch näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 den schematischen Längsschnitt einer herkömmlichen Rostfeuerungsanlagen mit Gegenstromfeuerung;
  • Fig. 2 den schematischen Längsschnitt einer herkömmlichen Rostfeuerungsanlage mit Mittelstromfeuerung;
  • Fig. 3 den schematischen Längsschnitt einer herkömmlichen Rostfeuerungsanlage mit Gleichstromfeuerung;
  • Fig. 4 den schematischen Längsschnitt einer erfindungsgemässen Feuerungsanlage;
  • Fig. 5 den schematischen Längsschnitt einer erfindungsgemässen Feuerungsanlage mit Drehrohr.
  • Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. Show it
  • Figure 1 is a schematic longitudinal section of a conventional grate furnace with counterflow.
  • 2 shows the schematic longitudinal section of a conventional grate combustion system with medium-flow combustion;
  • 3 shows the schematic longitudinal section of a conventional grate combustion system with direct current combustion;
  • 4 shows the schematic longitudinal section of a furnace according to the invention;
  • Fig. 5 shows the schematic longitudinal section of a furnace according to the invention with a rotary tube.
  • In den Figuren 1 bis 3 sind die drei bekannten Typen von Rostfeuerungsanlagen schematisch dargestellt. Grundsätzlich weisen alle diese Anlagen eine Aufgabevorrichtung 1 auf, mit welcher das Brennmaterial 2 in die Feuerungsanlage eingebracht wird. Die Anlagen weisen in der Regel einen Feuerungsrost 3 und einen Ausbrandrost 4 auf. Das Brennmaterial 2 wird dabei durch Vorrichtungen am Rost 3 und 4 selbst in Richtung der Schlackenfallöffnung 5 transportiert. Beispielsweise werden hierfür bekannte bewegliche Roste wie Walzenroste, Rückschubroste, Gegenschubroste oder Gegenüberschubroste eingesetzt. Die Nachbrennkammer 6 ist bei der Gegenstromfeuerung, wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, gleich am Anfang des Brennraumes 7 angeordnet. Dies führt dazu, dass die Rauchgase entgegen der Bewegungsrichtung des Brennmaterials 2 nur teilweise über dieses geführt werden. Allerdings gelangen die heissesten Rauchgase aus dem eigentlichen Haupverbrennungsbereich (durch Pfeile über dem Brennmaterial 2 angedeutet) praktisch direkt in die Nachbrennkammer 6. Dabei wird dem Verbrennungsrückstand 2' auf dem Ausbrandrost 4 Wärme entzogen. Damit wird kein Schmelzen des Verbrennungsrückstandes 2' auf dem Nachbrennrost 4 ermöglicht, und die in die Schlackenfallöffnung 5 gelangenden Rückstände 2' weisen noch einen relativ hohen Anteil an brennbarem Material auf und sind überdies noch flüssigkeitslöslich. Derartige Abfälle können nicht einfach deponiert werden, sondern sind als Sonderabfälle gesondert zu handhaben; sie können demnach gegebenenfalls nochmals separat, beispielsweise in separaten Drehofen, verbrannt werden.In Figures 1 to 3 are the three known types of Grate combustion systems shown schematically. Basically all of these systems have a feed device 1 with which the fuel 2 in the furnace is introduced. The plants usually have one Firing grate 3 and a burnout grate 4. The Fuel 2 is thereby by devices on the grate 3 and 4 itself in the direction of the slag opening 5 transported. For example, known ones for this movable gratings such as roller gratings, push-back gratings, Counter slide grates or counter slide grids used. The Afterburner 6 is in countercurrent firing, as in 1, right at the beginning of the combustion chamber 7 arranged. This leads to the smoke gases being counter to the Direction of movement of the fuel 2 only partially over this be managed. However, the hottest arrive Smoke gases from the actual main combustion area (indicated by arrows above the fuel 2) practical directly into the afterburning chamber 6 Combustion residue 2 'on the burnout grate 4 heat withdrawn. This will not melt the Combustion residue 2 'on the afterburner 4 enables, and in the slag fall opening 5 residues 2 'still have a relatively high Share of combustible material and are still liquid soluble. Such waste cannot be easy are deposited, but are separated as special waste to handle; you can therefore, if necessary, again burned separately, for example in separate rotary kilns become.

    Dieselbe Problematik tritt auch bei der Mittelstromfeuerung auf, welche schematisch in Figur 2 dargestellt ist. Dabei ist die Nachbrennkammer 6 in der Mitte der Roste 3,4 angeordnet. Auch hier können die Rückstände 2' auf dem Ausbrandrost 4 nicht geschmolzen werden.The same problem also occurs with medium-current firing on, which is shown schematically in Figure 2. Here the afterburning chamber 6 is in the middle of the grids 3, 4 arranged. Here too, the residues 2 'on the Burnout grate 4 cannot be melted.

    Auch die Gleichstromfeuerung nach Figur 3 bringt diesbezüglich keine wesentliche Verbesserung. Hier ist zwar die Nachbrennkammer 6 noch ein wenig weiter in Materialflussrichtung verschoben angeordnet, wobei hier im wesentlichen nur der Brennraum 7' über der eigentlichen Verbrennungszone mittels einer in den Brennraum hineinragenden Kante 8 leicht abgeschlossen wird. Der Ausbrandrost 4 wird hingegen auch hier nicht oder nur geringfügig von den heissen Rauchgasen der Verbrennungszone tangiert.The direct current firing according to FIG. 3 also brings no significant improvement in this regard. Here is though the afterburner 6 a little further in Material flow direction arranged shifted, here in essentially only the combustion chamber 7 'above the actual one Combustion zone in the combustion chamber protruding edge 8 is easily completed. Of the Burnout rust 4, however, is not or only here slightly from the hot flue gases of the combustion zone affects.

    Hier führt nun die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung der Brennkammer 7, wie beispielsweise in Figur 4 im Längsschnitt dargestellt, zum gewünschten Resultat. Indem der Brennraum 7 bis hinter den Ausbrandrost 4 ausgebildet wird, und in diesem Bereich vorzugsweise auch noch verengt wird, werden die heissen Rauchgase über die Verbrennungsrückstände 2' geführt. Die Verengung bewirkt noch eine zusätzliche Erwärmung dieser Verbrennungsrückstände, unter anderem auch durch zusätzliche Wärmeabstrahlung der Brennraumwände, womit die für das Schmelzen dieser Rückstände 2' erforderliche Temperatur erst erreicht werden kann.The arrangement according to the invention now leads here Combustion chamber 7, as for example in longitudinal section in FIG shown to the desired result. By the combustion chamber 7 is formed behind the burnout grate 4, and in this area is preferably also narrowed the hot flue gases over the combustion residues 2 ' guided. The narrowing causes an additional one Heating these combustion residues, among other things by additional heat radiation from the combustion chamber walls, with which that required for the melting of these residues 2 ' Temperature can only be reached.

    Bevorzugterweise ist der Brennraum in Rauchgasstromrichtung hin mit Verwirbelungskanten 9 versehen, welche zu einer Verwirbelung der Rauchgase führen. Diese Verwirbelung führt ebenfalls zu einer besseren, d.h. homogenen hohen Rauchgastemperatur, welche in der Nachbrennkammer 6 erreicht wird.The combustion chamber is preferably in the direction of the flue gas flow provided with swirling edges 9, which to a Swirl the flue gases. This vortex leads also to a better, i.e. homogeneous high Flue gas temperature, which reaches in the afterburning chamber 6 becomes.

    Vorzugsweise ist erfindungsgemäss vorgesehen, zwischen dem Feuerungsrost 3 und dem Ausbrandrost 4 zusätzlich hochkalorischen Brennstoff, beispielsweise Kohlenstaub, zuzugeben. Dies kann vorzugsweise über Zuführöffnungen erfolgen, welche in einer Stufe 10 zwischen dem Feuerungsrost 3 und dem Ausbrandrost 4 angeordnet sind. Damit wird die Wärmezufuhr weiter erhöht. Damit kann der in den Verbrennungsrückständen 2' noch enthaltene Restbrennstoff (Brennbares Material, Kohlenstoff) bei nur geringer oder gar ausbleibender zusätzlicher Luftzufuhr, welche von unten durch den Ausbrandrost 4 zugeführt werden kann, vergast und oxydiert werden. Eine solche zusätzliche Luftzufuhr würde den Verbrennungsrückständen 2' wieder Wärme entziehen, weshalb dies eigentlich unerwünscht ist. Die in Form von flüssiger Schlacke anfallenden Verbrennungsrückstände gelangen anschliessend über die Schlackenfallöffnung 5 in einen beispielsweise wassergefüllten Entschlacker und erstarren zu einem glasartigen Granulat. Dieses Granulat ist nun wasserunlöslich, weist praktisch keinen Restbrennstoff mehr auf und kann daher problemos deponiert werden.It is preferably provided according to the invention between the Firing grate 3 and the burnout grate 4 additionally high-calorific fuel, for example coal dust, to admit. This can preferably be done via feed openings take place in a stage 10 between the Firing grate 3 and the burnout grate 4 are arranged. This further increases the heat input. So that in the combustion residues 2 'still contained Residual fuel (combustible material, carbon) at only little or no additional air supply, which are fed from below through the burnout grate 4 can be gasified and oxidized. Such an additional Air supply would heat the combustion residues 2 'again withdraw why this is actually undesirable. In the Form of liquid slag accumulating Combustion residues then reach the Slag fall opening 5 in one example water-filled detoxifiers and solidify into one glassy granules. This granulate is now water-insoluble, has practically no residual fuel and can therefore be deposited without any problems.

    Damit nun die flüssige Schlacke auf dem Ausbrandrost 4 zur Schlackenfallöffnung 5 gelangen kann, ohne dabei nach unten in den Zuluftbereich zu fallen, ist dieser Ausbrandrost 4 vorzugsweise geneigt, vorzugsweise ca. 20° aus der Horizontalen, und vorzugsweise auch im Querschnitt konkav ausgebildet. Damit fliesst die Schlacke in der Mitte des Ausbrandrostes 4 gegen die Schlackenfallöffnung 5 hin.So that the liquid slag on the burnout grate 4 Slag fall opening 5 can reach without going down this burnout grate is to fall into the supply air area 4 preferably inclined, preferably about 20 ° from the Horizontal, and preferably also concave in cross section educated. So that the slag flows in the middle of the Burnout grate 4 against the slag fall opening 5.

    Damit die Roste 3,4 durch die grosse Wärme nicht zu schnell verschleissen oder zerstört werden, und dabei trotzdem auf zusätzliche Luftzufuhr für die Verbrennung resp. den Schmelzvorgang verzichtet werden kann, ist vorzugsweise erfindungsgemäss vorgesehen, die Roste 3,4 durch Kühlkanäle in den Rosten selbst zu kühlen. Die Kühlung kann dabei durch gasförmige oder flüssige Kühlmittel erfolgen. Durch die Wahl des Kühlmittels und auch dessen Temperatur kann einerseits die Zerstörung oder grosser Verschleiss des Rostes 3,4 verhindert werden und andererseits auch Einfluss auf den Verbrennungsprozess im Hauptverbrennungsbereich genommen werden. Damit ist nun auch möglich, eine angenähert konstante stöchiometrische Verbrennung in diesem Bereich zu erreichen, welche auch die heissesten Rauchgase entwickelt. Bei herkömmlichen Rostfeuerungen kann dies nicht gewährleistet werden, da die Zusatzluft auch noch zur Kühlung der Roste 3,4 dient. Dies führt gerade bei hochkalorischen Brennstoffen dazu, dass dort die Verbrennung mit Luftüberschuss erfolgen muss, um den Rost 3,4 genügend zu kühlen.So that the grids 3,4 are not too fast due to the great heat worn out or destroyed, and still open additional air supply for the combustion resp. the Melting process can be dispensed with is preferred provided according to the invention, the grids 3, 4 through cooling channels to cool in the grates themselves. The cooling can be done by gaseous or liquid coolants. By choice the coolant and its temperature can on the one hand the destruction or major wear of the grate 3,4 can be prevented and on the other hand also influence the Combustion process taken in the main combustion area become. It is now possible to approximate one constant stoichiometric combustion in this area too which also develops the hottest flue gases. This cannot be done with conventional grate furnaces can be guaranteed because the additional air is also used Cooling of the grids 3.4 is used. This leads to high calorific fuels cause combustion there must be done with excess air to make the grate 3.4 sufficient to cool.

    Durch die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung der Brennkammer wird der Ausbrandrost 4 eigentlich zum Schmelzrost. Der Vorteil der geschmolzenen Schlacke liegt, wie bereits vorgängig dargelegt, im praktisch vollständigen Ausbrand des Materials, der Zerstörung von giftigen Stoffen wie Dioxin und Furanen, der Immobilisierung von Schadstoffen wie Schwermetall sowie der Reduktion des spezifischen Volumens der Verbrennungsrückstände selbst im Vergleich zu einem Ausbrand.The inventive arrangement of the combustion chamber the burnout grate 4 actually turns into a melting grate. The advantage the molten slag lies, as before set out in the virtually complete burnout of the Materials, the destruction of toxic substances like dioxin and furans, the immobilization of pollutants such as Heavy metal and the reduction of the specific volume of the combustion residues themselves compared to one Burnout.

    Um nun in der Nachbrennkammer 6 den in diesem Bereich geforderten restlichen Gasausbrand in jedem Fall zu erreichen, sind weiter erfindungsgemäss Einblasdüsen 11 für das Einblasen von Rauchgas vorgesehen. Diese Düsen weisen vor ihren Düsenöffnungen Platten 12, vorzugsweise aus keramischem Werkstoff auf. Durch diese Platten 12 wird eine Verwirbelung der eingeblasenen Rauchgase erzielt, was zu einem guten Gasausbrand und Selbstreinigung der Düsen 11 führt. Ohne eine solche Verwirbelung würden die Düsen in kurzer Zeit durch die im Rauchgas enthaltenen Russpartikel verstopfen. Im weiteren Verlauf wird wie üblich, um den Gasausbrand und den geforderten Sauersoffgehalt sicherzustellen, Sekundärluft über die Düsen 11' zugegeben.To now in the afterburning chamber 6 in this area required remaining gas burnout in any case achieve, are further injection nozzles 11 for the blowing of flue gas is provided. These nozzles point in front of their nozzle openings plates 12, preferably made of ceramic material. Through these plates 12 Whirling of the blown fumes achieves what good gas burnout and self-cleaning of the nozzles 11 leads. Without such swirling, the nozzles would be in due to the soot particles contained in the flue gas clog. In the further course, as usual, around the Gas burnout and the required oxygen content ensure secondary air is added via the nozzles 11 '.

    Damit nun mit dieser Vorrichtung auch noch flüssige Stoffe verbrannt werden können, ist es erfindungsgemäss vorgesehen, im Anschluss an den Ausbrandrost 4 noch ein Drehrohr 13 anzuordnen, wie aus Figur 5 ersichtlich ist. Damit können nun durch entsprechend angeordnete Speiseöffnungen 14 flüssige Brennstoffe direkt in dieses Drehrohr 13 eingebracht und dort verbrannt werden. Der grosse Vorteil dabei ist darin zu sehen, dass durch die erfindungsgemässe Führung der heissen Rauchgase aus dem Brennraum 7 über den Ausbrand- resp. Schmelzrost 4 in das Drehrohr 13 in diesem gleich zu Beginn sehr hohe Temperaturen erreicht werden können. Damit kann auch die Länge des Drehrohres 13 im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Drehrohranlagen viel kürzer ausfallen. Insbesondere können auch pastöse oder feste Brennstoffe mit einem sehr kleinen Heizwert kurt vor dem Drehrohr 13 auf den Schmelzrost 4 aufgebracht werden. Diese werden dann dort sehr schnell getrocknet und entgast und gelangen anschliessend bereits sehr heiss in das Drehrohr 13 zum Schmelzen. Eine derartige erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung kann universell für die Verbrennung aller Brennstoffe eingesetzt werden, wobei durch den ersten Bereich mit der Rostverbrennung ein sehr hoher Durchsatz insbesondere auch für feste Brennstoffe erzielt werden kann.So now also liquid substances with this device can be burned, it is provided according to the invention following the burnout grate 4, a rotary tube 13 to arrange, as can be seen from Figure 5. So that can now through appropriately arranged feed openings 14 liquid fuels directly into this rotary tube 13 brought in and burned there. The big advantage it can be seen in that by the inventive Guiding the hot smoke gases from the combustion chamber 7 over the Burnout or Melting grate 4 in the rotary tube 13 in this very high temperatures can be reached right from the start can. So that the length of the rotary tube 13 in Much shorter compared to conventional rotary tube systems fail. In particular, pasty or solid Fuels with a very low calorific value come before the Rotary tube 13 are applied to the melting grate 4. This are then dried and degassed there very quickly and then get very hot into the rotary tube 13 to melt. Such a device according to the invention can be universal for the combustion of all fuels are used, with the first area with the Rust combustion in particular also has a very high throughput for solid fuels can be achieved.

    Schliesslich können die Wände 7' des Brennraumes 7 aus gekühltem Mauerwerk aufgebaut sein, wie ebenfalls auf Figur 4 ersichtlich ist. Dabei sind im Mauerwerk beispielsweise Luftkanäle vorhanden. Durch diese Kanäle kann nun Kühlluft geführt werden und gegebenenfalls anschliessend dem Brennaum 7 als Verbrennungsluft zugeführt werden. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn ein Brennmaterial 2 mit niedrigem Heizwert verbrannt werden muss, bei welchem ein Wärmeverlust durch die Brennraumwände 7' verhindert werden soll, damit das Schmelzen der Schlacke begünstigt wird.Finally, the walls 7 'of the combustion chamber 7 can chilled masonry can be built, as also on figure 4 can be seen. In the masonry, for example Air channels available. Cooling air can now flow through these channels be guided and, if necessary, then the combustion chamber 7 are supplied as combustion air. This is Particularly advantageous if a fuel 2 is used low calorific value must be burned, at which a Heat loss through the combustion chamber walls 7 'can be prevented should, so that the melting of the slag is promoted.

    Die Temperatur der Wände 7', d.h. des Mauerwerks, wird vorzugsweise durch eine entsprechend geregelte oder gesteuerte Zuführung der Kühlluft innerhalb eines vorbestimmten Wertes gehalten. Dieser Temperaturwert soll erfindungsgemäss knapp unter der Schmelztemperatur der an den Wänden zur Ablagerung gelangenden Flugaschen- resp. Schlackenteile gehalten werden. Gerade bei Brennmaterial 2 mit hohem Heizwert werden mit einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung höhere Temperaturen im Brennraum 7 als diese Schlackenschmelztemperatur erzielt. Durch eine entsprechende Abkühlung der Brennraumwände wird ein Schmelzen der Flugasche resp. Schlacke verhindert. Die geschmolzene Schlacke würde das Mauerwerk sehr stark in Mitleidenschaft ziehen. Durch die Einstellbarkeit dieser Temperatur kann überdies die Dicke der Schlackenschicht eingestellt werden, vorzugsweise wird eine nur sehr dünne Schlackenschicht angestrebt.The temperature of the walls 7 ', i.e. of the masonry preferably by an appropriately regulated or controlled supply of cooling air within a predetermined value held. This temperature value should according to the invention just below the melting temperature of the the walls for the deposit of fly ash or Slag parts are kept. Especially with fuel 2 with a high calorific value are with a Device higher temperatures in the combustion chamber 7 than this Slag melting temperature achieved. By an appropriate Cooling of the combustion chamber walls will melt the Fly ash resp. Prevents slag. The melted one The masonry would be severely affected by slag pull. Due to the adjustability of this temperature moreover the thickness of the slag layer can be adjusted preferably only a very thin layer of slag sought.

    Claims (22)

    1. Apparatus for the combustion of solid and/or pasty material (2), said apparatus having a material feeder (1), a furnace and complete combustion grate (3, 4), means for feeding combustion air onto the grate zone, a combustion chamber (7) arranged above the grate, and a secondary combustion chamber (6) associated with said chamber (7), characterised in that the combustion chamber (7) is arranged in a closed manner above the entire grate zone (3, 4) and opens out into the secondary combustion chamber (6) not before the end of the grate zone (3, 4) that is remote from the material feeder (1).
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the grate (3, 4) has transport means for conveying the material for combustion (2).
    3. Apparatus according to either of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that in front of the mouth which opens out into the secondary combustion chamber (6), the combustion chamber (7) has at least one swirl edge (9) which is directed at the grate zone (3, 4).
    4. Apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the furnace grate (3, 4) is divided into at least two zones, a first combustion zone (3) and following it a smelting zone (4).
    5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterised in that above the smelting zone (4) the combustion chamber (7) has a smaller cross-section, preferably a lesser height, than above the combustion zone (3).
    6. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that in the combustion zone (3) the grate slopes by at least 5° from the horizontal towards the secondary combustion chamber (6).
    7. Apparatus according to any of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that in the smelting zone the grate (4) slopes by at least 5°, preferably 25°, from the horizontal towards the secondary combustion chamber (6).
    8. Apparatus according to any of claims 4 to 7, characterised in that between the combustion zone (3) and the smelting zone (4) the grate has a step (10).
    9. Apparatus according to any of claims 4 to 8, characterised in that in the smelting zone (4) the grate slopes more steeply from the horizontal than does the grate in the combustion zone (4).
    10. Apparatus according to any of claims 4 to 9, characterised in that in the smelting zone (4) the grate has a concave cross-section.
    11. Apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that at least part of the grate (3, 4) has cooling ducts for receiving coolant.
    12. Apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that in addition to the primary material feeder (1), at least one other material feeder is provided, which is arranged inside the grate zone (3, 4).
    13. Apparatus according to any of claims 4 to 11, characterised in that at least one additional material feeder is provided between the combustion zone (3) and the smelting zone (4).
    14. Apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that arranged in the secondary combustion chamber (6) are injection jets (11) for supplying secondary air and/or recycled flue gas, which have plates (12), preferably made of ceramic material, before their outlet ports.
    15. Apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that after the furnace grate (3) and complete combustion grate (4) there is provided a rotating tube (13), and that the secondary combustion chamber (6) is only arranged after said rotating tube (13), the outlet port of the combustion chamber (7) being disposed in such a way that the flue gases produced therein pass completely through the rotating tube (13) before they arrive in the combustion chamber (7).
    16. Apparatus according to claim 15, characterised in that means (14) are provided for introducing liquid fuel through the combustion chamber (7) into the rotating tube (7).
    17. Method for the operation of apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that
      material for combustion (2) is taken to the start of the grate (3) by means of a feeder device (1),
      the material for combustion (2) is transported away from the feeder device (1) through the combustion chamber (7) by means of moving parts of the grate (3, 4),
      approximately stoichiometric combustion being achieved at least in the first grate zone (3) by feeding in additional air,
      the flue gas in the combustion chamber (7) is conducted via the grate zone (3, 4) right to the end thereof and only thereafter to the secondary combustion chamber (6).
    18. Method according to claim 17, characterised in that in the rear grate zone (4) fuel of a high calorific value, preferably in powder, liquid or pellet form, is fed onto the residues from combustion in order to aid the smelting operation in said zone (4).
    19. Method according to claim 17 or 18, characterised in that fly ash is added to the residues from combustion (2') in the rear grate zone (4).
    20. Method according to any of claims 17 to 19, characterised in that the walls (7') of the combustion chamber are cooled to a preset temperature and, after flowing through the combustion chamber walls (7'), the cooling air is conducted into the combustion chamber (7) as combustion air.
    21. Method according to any of claims 17 to 20, characterised in that a controlled or regulated supply of cooling air keeps the combustion chamber walls (7') at a temperature that is only slightly lower, preferably a maximum of 50°, than the smelting temperature of the fly ash material or slag material being deposited on the walls of the combustion chamber.
    22. Use of apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 16 for the combustion of domestic and commercial refuse and smelting of the residues from combustion.
    EP96905650A 1995-03-30 1996-03-12 Combustion plant Expired - Lifetime EP0815394B2 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (4)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    CH89795 1995-03-30
    CH897/95 1995-03-30
    CH89795 1995-03-30
    PCT/CH1996/000093 WO1996030701A1 (en) 1995-03-30 1996-03-12 Combustion plant

    Publications (3)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0815394A1 EP0815394A1 (en) 1998-01-07
    EP0815394B1 true EP0815394B1 (en) 1999-09-15
    EP0815394B2 EP0815394B2 (en) 2002-04-17

    Family

    ID=4197730

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP96905650A Expired - Lifetime EP0815394B2 (en) 1995-03-30 1996-03-12 Combustion plant

    Country Status (9)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0815394B2 (en)
    JP (1) JPH11502603A (en)
    KR (1) KR19980703333A (en)
    AT (1) ATE184693T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE59603073D1 (en)
    DK (1) DK0815394T3 (en)
    ES (1) ES2137672T3 (en)
    GR (1) GR3031827T3 (en)
    WO (1) WO1996030701A1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    AT411705B (en) * 2001-06-01 2004-04-26 Bios Bioenergiesysteme Gmbh INSTALLATION AND METHOD FOR BURNING BIOMASS
    KR20020092318A (en) * 2002-11-14 2002-12-11 김기경 An incinerator with fixed type water-cooled combustion grate
    CN101922719A (en) * 2010-08-27 2010-12-22 江苏太湖锅炉股份有限公司 Combined fire grate structure of biomass boiler

    Family Cites Families (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    FR1348314A (en) * 1963-02-25 1964-01-04 Forni Ed Impianti Ind Ingg De Bartolomeis Spa Improvement of grate ovens for the incineration of household waste
    US3745941A (en) * 1971-12-03 1973-07-17 B Reilly Slagging refuse incinerators
    DK168245B1 (en) * 1990-07-03 1994-02-28 Lund Milj Teknik A S V Process and plant for incineration of solid and possibly liquid waste of various kinds
    DE4219231C1 (en) * 1992-06-12 1993-10-21 Babcock Anlagen Gmbh Waste incineration process and incinerator

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    DK0815394T3 (en) 2000-04-03
    DE59603073D1 (en) 1999-10-21
    EP0815394A1 (en) 1998-01-07
    ES2137672T3 (en) 1999-12-16
    WO1996030701A1 (en) 1996-10-03
    KR19980703333A (en) 1998-10-15
    JPH11502603A (en) 1999-03-02
    GR3031827T3 (en) 2000-02-29
    ATE184693T1 (en) 1999-10-15
    EP0815394B2 (en) 2002-04-17

    Similar Documents

    Publication Publication Date Title
    EP1261827B8 (en) Reactor and method for gasifying and/or melting materials
    EP0408702B1 (en) Process and device for combustion and post-combustion of residues
    EP0767342B2 (en) Process for disposal of irregular waste
    EP0413799B1 (en) Arrangement of grates for incineration of refuse and waste and method of its operation
    DE3512810A1 (en) METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR THE COMBUSTION OF WASTE
    EP0862019A1 (en) Method and device for thermal treatment of fly ash from grate incinerators
    EP0101462B1 (en) Burner for pulverulent, gaseous and/or liquid fuels
    EP0815394B1 (en) Combustion plant
    DE19806823C2 (en) Device and method for the combustion of fuels containing vanadium
    EP0674134B1 (en) Combustion method for pulverous materials
    EP0683358B1 (en) Method for gaining calorific energy from waste material, especially garbage
    EP0704658B1 (en) Process for thermal treatment of waste material, especially refuse
    DE4119742C2 (en) Waste incineration process and apparatus for carrying out this process
    DE4027908A1 (en) COMBUSTION METHOD AND DEVICE THEREFOR
    EP0115247B1 (en) Burner installation for glass melting furnaces
    EP0959049A1 (en) Method and apparatus for thermal transforming of waste
    EP0595067A1 (en) Burn-out device and process for fuels
    EP0568104B1 (en) Pyrolysis and combustion installation
    DE2721932C2 (en) Method and device for the production of a material suitable for landfill or as an intermediate product from fly ash
    DE1254801B (en) Process and system for incinerating solid, liquid or pasty substances
    DE2007117A1 (en)
    DD216779A5 (en) FUELING DEVICE FOR GLASS MELTING OVEN
    DE3934581A1 (en) Incineration of refuse of different compositions - is delivered step by step to combustion chamber agitated during combustion
    DD301204A7 (en) Process and apparatus for burning high energy solid waste, in particular thermoplastics consisting exclusively of hydrocarbons
    DE19844311A1 (en) Incinerator for domestic and industrial refuse with metals removed from ash and with combustion gasses burnt in higher temperature furnace

    Legal Events

    Date Code Title Description
    PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

    17P Request for examination filed

    Effective date: 19970823

    AK Designated contracting states

    Kind code of ref document: A1

    Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI NL PT SE

    17Q First examination report despatched

    Effective date: 19980205

    GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

    GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

    GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

    GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

    ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

    Owner name: STUDIO INGG. FISCHETTI & WEBER

    GRAA (expected) grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

    AK Designated contracting states

    Kind code of ref document: B1

    Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI NL PT SE

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: FR

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 19990915

    REF Corresponds to:

    Ref document number: 184693

    Country of ref document: AT

    Date of ref document: 19991015

    Kind code of ref document: T

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: CH

    Ref legal event code: NV

    Representative=s name: TROESCH SCHEIDEGGER WERNER AG

    Ref country code: CH

    Ref legal event code: EP

    REF Corresponds to:

    Ref document number: 59603073

    Country of ref document: DE

    Date of ref document: 19991021

    ET Fr: translation filed
    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: IE

    Ref legal event code: FG4D

    Free format text: GERMAN

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: ES

    Ref legal event code: FG2A

    Ref document number: 2137672

    Country of ref document: ES

    Kind code of ref document: T3

    GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

    Effective date: 19991206

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: PT

    Ref legal event code: SC4A

    Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION

    Effective date: 19990930

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: IE

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20000312

    Ref country code: GB

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20000312

    Ref country code: DK

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20000312

    Ref country code: AT

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20000312

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: SE

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20000313

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: GR

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20000331

    Ref country code: FI

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20000331

    Ref country code: BE

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20000331

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: DK

    Ref legal event code: T3

    PLBI Opposition filed

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260

    PLBF Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO

    26 Opposition filed

    Opponent name: ABB ALSTOM POWER COMBUSTION GMBH

    Effective date: 20000614

    BERE Be: lapsed

    Owner name: KOCH THEODOR

    Effective date: 20000331

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: NL

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20001001

    NLR1 Nl: opposition has been filed with the epo

    Opponent name: ABB ALSTOM POWER COMBUSTION GMBH

    GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

    Effective date: 20000312

    EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

    Ref document number: 96905650.6

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: DK

    Ref legal event code: EBP

    PLBF Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO

    NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

    Effective date: 20001001

    PLBF Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: IE

    Ref legal event code: MM4A

    PLAB Opposition data, opponent's data or that of the opponent's representative modified

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009299OPPO

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: FR

    Ref legal event code: ST

    R26 Opposition filed (corrected)

    Opponent name: ALSTOM POWER BOILER GMBH

    Effective date: 20000614

    PLAW Interlocutory decision in opposition

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IDOP

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: PT

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20010930

    PLAW Interlocutory decision in opposition

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IDOP

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: PT

    Ref legal event code: MM4A

    Free format text: LAPSE DUE TO NON-PAYMENT OF FEES

    Effective date: 20010930

    PUAH Patent maintained in amended form

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009272

    STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

    Free format text: STATUS: PATENT MAINTAINED AS AMENDED

    27A Patent maintained in amended form

    Effective date: 20020417

    AK Designated contracting states

    Kind code of ref document: B2

    Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI NL PT SE

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: CH

    Ref legal event code: AEN

    Free format text: AUFRECHTERHALTUNG DES PATENTES IN GEAENDERTER FORM

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: ES

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

    Effective date: 20020728

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: PT

    Ref legal event code: MP4A

    Effective date: 20020717

    EN Fr: translation not filed
    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: DE

    Payment date: 20030430

    Year of fee payment: 8

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: CH

    Payment date: 20030528

    Year of fee payment: 8

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: LI

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20040331

    Ref country code: CH

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20040331

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: DE

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20041001

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: CH

    Ref legal event code: PL

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: IT

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20050312

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: PT

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20000312

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: ES

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

    Effective date: 20000331