EP0814946B1 - Procede pour realiser une structure tridimensionnelle legere en materiau cimentaire - Google Patents

Procede pour realiser une structure tridimensionnelle legere en materiau cimentaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0814946B1
EP0814946B1 EP96909688A EP96909688A EP0814946B1 EP 0814946 B1 EP0814946 B1 EP 0814946B1 EP 96909688 A EP96909688 A EP 96909688A EP 96909688 A EP96909688 A EP 96909688A EP 0814946 B1 EP0814946 B1 EP 0814946B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
kilograms
mixture
fiber
water
cementitious
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96909688A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0814946A1 (fr
EP0814946A4 (fr
Inventor
Faiz Residential Centroamericano SIKAFFY
Osvaldo Moran
Eugene Berger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thermoflex Inc
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Thermoflex Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thermoflex Inc filed Critical Thermoflex Inc
Publication of EP0814946A1 publication Critical patent/EP0814946A1/fr
Publication of EP0814946A4 publication Critical patent/EP0814946A4/fr
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Publication of EP0814946B1 publication Critical patent/EP0814946B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/50—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles of expanded material, e.g. cellular concrete
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/50—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles of expanded material, e.g. cellular concrete
    • B28B1/503—Moulds therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
    • C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
    • C04B22/12—Acids or salts thereof containing halogen in the anion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0064—Moulds characterised by special surfaces for producing a desired surface of a moulded article, e.g. profiled or polished moulding surfaces
    • B28B7/0079—Moulds characterised by special surfaces for producing a desired surface of a moulded article, e.g. profiled or polished moulding surfaces with surfaces for moulding interlocking means, e.g. grooves and ribs
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method or process according to claim 1 of forming a light weight, cementitious, three dimensional structure, and in particular a cementitious building panel which is very strong, yet light in weight, and of a structure or panel made according to the process.
  • This invention also refers to a cementitious mixture to be used to form a light weight, cementitious three-dimensional structure as indicated in Claim 15.
  • This invention in one form is of a process which it has been found produces a cellular cement which is light in weight and highly resistant to impacts. Its structure is formed by spherical cells distributed in the mass of its mixture. Surrounding each cell, a fiber, that is added to the mixture, results in a panel with a very strong flexing strength characteristic. Another import characteristic of the panel according to the process described below is that it has a high thermo resistance with an "R" value of about 3.5 per inch of thickness. It further has the characteristic of high acoustic insulation. It is an excellent fire barrier; and it is light in weight and can be manufactured with a weight preferably of between 22 and 32 pounds per cubic foot. Moreover, a panel according to this invention is highly impermeable to the elements.
  • a mold or form 12 is preferably used, see Figure 1A, which is about 4" to 8" in thickness so as to make a panel about 4 feet wide by 4 to 12 feet in height.
  • the ingredients are poured into the mold whereupon in about four hours, the mixture 14 which is only about half of the depth of the mold, see Figure 1B, expands by about 100% of the original pour volume, see Figure 1C, to form a panel 16.
  • Molds or forms may be utilized to form wall panels or building blocks according to this invention. Gradually, initial adjustments of the pour of the mixture are made so that on completion of the pour expansion phase, the building panels are of uniform and correct size.
  • a quantity of water is measured. Also, once measured the water is preferably heated to between 25° - 30° centigrade.
  • about 425 kilograms of cement preferably Portland 1 cement, although other grades of Portland cement such as Portland 2 and Portland 3 can be used, and between approximately 40 and 60 grams of Ferric Chloride in a solution of 40% by volume or 40% strength, are also measured and are then mixed with the water.
  • the mixture of water, cement and ferric chloride will preferably be mixed with one another in a high speed mixer for approximately one minute, thereby forming an appropriate mixture of the water, cement, and ferric chloride.
  • a quantity of Sodium Hydroxide is added to the water, cement, and ferric chloride prior to mixing.
  • the sodium hydroxide is preferably added in a 50% solution by volume, but can also be added in solid, flake form.
  • the quantity of sodium hydroxide will preferably be about 5 grams.
  • a quantity of aluminum, a silicate derivative, a calcium derivative and fiber are measured and mixed with the previously mixed cement, water and ferric chloride.
  • between approximately .620 kilograms and 1.347 kilograms of substantially pure, and preferably 98% pure, powdered aluminum, between approximately .230 kilograms and .710 kilograms of Hexafluorosilicate, and between approximately .560 and .680 kilograms of calcium formate are measured mixed.
  • between approximately 4 and 8 kilograms of fiber are also measured and mixed.
  • This fiber which is preferably polypropylene fiber, can be any synthetic, organic or mineral fiber. In the preferred embodiment, this further mixing will be for approximately 20 seconds.
  • the un-risen mixture is poured into molds, preferably filling the molds to only 50% capacity.
  • the mixture will rise, increasing its overall volume by 100% and filling the entire mold.
  • the molds can be filed to a greater or lesser capacity and the waiting time will be corresponding lower or increased to attain 100% filling.
  • the mixture in the filled molds is then allowed to cure, preferably by covering the molds with plastic and steaming for about 2 to 4 hours, after which the formed panel is removed from the molds and used or stored until needed.
  • the mold need not only be a building panel mold, but rather can be any configuration of mold to form any cementitious three dimensional structure.
  • the completed mixture is allowed to rise and then poured into an extruding machine which will function to extrude any of a variety of three dimensional structures, as needed. These structures can similarly be immediately used or stored for future use.
  • FIGS 2A, 2B, and 2C which illustrate a panel in one preferred configuration or form
  • the panel 18 and, accordingly, the mold in which it is formed is of a rather particular configuration.
  • a centrally located longitudinally extending generally U-shaped groove, see 24 and 26, is defined; and along the upper surface 28, a similar groove 30 is defined.
  • a wall section as seen in Figure 3 is formed by positioning two panels 32 and 34 which have been raised adjacent one another and a steel rod 36 has been positioned centrally between them. The panels are then moved into abutting relation as indicated by the arrowed lines 38 and 40.
  • a construction according to this invention will be described referring to a corner zone of the construction, in this illustration.
  • a skeletal framework generally designated 42, is embedded in concrete and is spanned by building panels according to this invention.
  • a concrete slab 50 which may have a peripheral footing, not shown, there is preferably a peripheral lower slab portion, see at 52 and 54. This is about 7-5/8" across or about 8". Beneath this portion, steel reinforcing rods, such as 56 and 58 and 60 and 62, are embedded in the concrete of the slab. Also extending upwardly at spaced locations, there are reinforcing rods such as 64 and 66 which in assembly will be steel studs in the center of the U-shaped grooves of adjacent panels, described above.
  • steel reinforcing rods such as 68 and 70 and 72 and 74 are arranged.
  • 76 generally, the ends of the rods are bent into close abutting relation as seen at 76.
  • the rods are welded together which in effect defines a skeletal framework of steel reinforcing rods embedded in concrete lengths spanned by cementitious panels such as 78 and 80 in Figure 4, preferably made according to the process of this invention.
  • a suitable facing may be provided as at 82 and 84 which may be drywall on the inside surface and stucco on the outside surface.
  • blocks configured with the U-shaped grooves along their edges and the top of the top most block may be assembled and utilized as described above.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Procédé de réalisation d'une structure légère à base de ciment en trois dimensions, comprenant les étapes dans lesquelles :
    (a) on mesure une quantité d'eau ;
    (b) on dose environ 425 kilogrammes de ciment et entre environ 40 et 60 grammes de chlorure ferrique en solution à 40 % en volume, pour environ 278 litres de ladite eau ;
    (c) on mélange ladite eau, ledit ciment et ledit chlorure ferrique pour former un mélange ;
    (d) on dose d'autres matières comprenant entre environ 0,620 et 1,347 kilogramme d'aluminium, entre environ 0,230 et 0,710 kilogramme d'un dérivé de silicate, entre environ 0,560 et 0,680 kilogramme d'un dérivé de calcium, et entre environ 4 et 8 kilogrammes de fibre, pour environ 278 litres de ladite eau ;
    (e) on combine ledit mélange et lesdites autres matières pour former une combinaison ;
    (f) on mélange ladite combinaison pour former une combinaison mélangée ;
    (g) on attend jusqu'à ce que ladite combinaison mélangée lève ; et
    (h) on forme une structure légère, à base de ciment, en trois dimensions, à partir de ladite combinaison mélangée après que ladite combinaison mélangée a levé.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit aluminium est de l'aluminium en poudre sensiblement pur.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit dérivé de silicate est de l'hexafluorosilicate.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit dérivé de calcium est du formiate de calcium.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel lesdites autres matières comprennent en outre environ 5 grammes d'hydroxyde de sodium pour environ 278 litres de ladite eau.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite étape de formation (h) comprend l'étape consistant à verser ladite combinaison mélangée levée dans une machine d'extrusion et à extruder ladite structure légère, à base de ciment, en trois dimensions.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre l'étape consistant, avant ladite étape d'attente (g), à verser ladite combinaison mélangée dans un moule à environ 50 % de la capacité dudit moule, dans lequel, dans ladite étape d'attente (g), ladite combinaison mélangée lève à environ deux fois son volume d'origine, et ladite étape de formation (h) comprend l'étape d'étuvage de ladite combinaison mélangée levée dans ledit moule jusqu'à durcissement.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite étape de mélange (f) a une durée d'environ 20 secondes.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite étape de mélange (f) est exécutée à une vitesse élevée pendant environ 1 minute.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite fibre comprend une fibre synthétique.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, dans lequel ladite fibre synthétique est une fibre de polypropylène.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite fibre comprend une fibre organique.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite fibre comprend une fibre minérale.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite étape de formation (h) comprend l'étape d'addition d'au moins un élément d'armature.
  15. Mélange à base de ciment destiné à être utilisé pour former une structure légère, à base de ciment, en trois dimensions, ledit mélange comprenant : de l'eau, environ 425 kilogrammes de ciment, entre environ 40 et 60 grammes de chlorure ferrique, entre environ 0,620 et 1,347 kilo-gramme d'aluminium, entre environ 0,230 et 0,710 kilogramme d'un dérivé de silicate, entre environ 0,560 et 0,680 kilo-gramme d'un dérivé de calcium, et entre environ 4 et 8 kilogrammes de fibre, toutes quantités pour environ 278 litres de ladite eau.
  16. Mélange selon la revendication 15, dans lequel ledit aluminium est de l'aluminium en poudre sensiblement pur.
  17. Mélange selon la revendication 15, dans lequel ledit dérivé de silicate est de l'hexafluorosilicate.
  18. Mélange selon la revendication 15, dans lequel ledit dérivé de calcium est du formiate de calcium.
  19. Mélange selon la revendication 15, comprenant en outre environ 5 grammes d'hydroxyde de sodium pour environ 278 litres de ladite eau.
EP96909688A 1995-03-14 1996-03-13 Procede pour realiser une structure tridimensionnelle legere en materiau cimentaire Expired - Lifetime EP0814946B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/403,109 US5814253A (en) 1993-03-25 1995-03-14 Process for making a lightweight, cementitious, three dimensional structure
US403109 1995-03-14
PCT/US1996/003455 WO1996028289A1 (fr) 1995-03-14 1996-03-13 Procede pour realiser une structure tridimensionnelle legere en materiau cimentaire

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0814946A1 EP0814946A1 (fr) 1998-01-07
EP0814946A4 EP0814946A4 (fr) 1998-12-02
EP0814946B1 true EP0814946B1 (fr) 2002-11-06

Family

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EP96909688A Expired - Lifetime EP0814946B1 (fr) 1995-03-14 1996-03-13 Procede pour realiser une structure tridimensionnelle legere en materiau cimentaire

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US5814253A (fr)
EP (1) EP0814946B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11503399A (fr)
KR (1) KR19980703040A (fr)
CN (1) CN1184444A (fr)
AR (1) AR004478A1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE227250T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU723218B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9607213A (fr)
CA (1) CA2215302A1 (fr)
CO (1) CO4600699A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69624689T2 (fr)
NL (1) NL1002613C2 (fr)
PE (1) PE20010073A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996028289A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA962090B (fr)

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US6676862B2 (en) 1999-09-15 2004-01-13 Advanced Building Systems, Inc. Method for forming lightweight concrete block
US6457524B1 (en) 2000-09-15 2002-10-01 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Well cementing compositions and methods
US20050183632A1 (en) * 2004-02-11 2005-08-25 Sturre Daryl J. Lightweight cast stone composition and method
US8490354B2 (en) * 2004-09-25 2013-07-23 Supreme Wall Building Systems, Inc. Apparatus, system, and method for constructing a wall using wall blocks
US7668872B2 (en) * 2006-02-17 2010-02-23 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Data management systems and methods for networks
US20080028711A1 (en) * 2006-08-07 2008-02-07 Logan J Richard Cement shutter hanging system
US20080141608A1 (en) * 2006-12-19 2008-06-19 Logan J Richard Foam core cement and urethane shutters
US20080292868A1 (en) * 2007-05-21 2008-11-27 Logan J Richard Foam core gypsum shutter
CA2659649A1 (fr) * 2008-03-21 2009-09-21 Tapco International Corporation Systeme de simulation de maconnerie en pierres
US20100101169A1 (en) * 2008-09-25 2010-04-29 Tapco International Corporation Siding system or roof shingle system comprising cementitious material, and systems and methods for manufacturing the same
WO2010083506A1 (fr) * 2009-01-19 2010-07-22 Tapco International Corporation Parement moulé comprenant des fibres de renfort, ainsi que son système et son procédé de fabrication
WO2010121248A1 (fr) * 2009-04-17 2010-10-21 Tapco International Corporation Bardage moulé comprenant une construction de poutre en i formée d'un seul tenant
US20100304122A1 (en) * 2009-06-01 2010-12-02 Tapco International Corporation Cementitious siding having encapsulated foam core, and system and method for making the same
US20120041087A1 (en) 2010-08-12 2012-02-16 Evgeniy Nikolaevich Yastremskiy Dry mixture for manufacturing cellular fibro concrete and method thereof
KR101083012B1 (ko) 2010-11-18 2011-11-15 주식회사트라이포드 실리케이트­포르메이트계 유무기 복합 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 콘크리트 조성물
US9623451B2 (en) * 2011-08-26 2017-04-18 King Saud University EAFD stabilizer for returned concrete and mixer drum wash water
JP5910156B2 (ja) * 2012-02-22 2016-04-27 宇部興産株式会社 耐酸水硬性組成物、モルタル組成物及びモルタル硬化体
CN104129959B (zh) * 2014-08-04 2016-02-24 马鞍山十七冶工程科技有限责任公司 一种含中空陶粒的自保温轻质墙板及制备方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69624689T2 (de) 2003-07-24
NL1002613A1 (nl) 1996-09-18
PE20010073A1 (es) 2001-04-19
ZA962090B (en) 1997-08-27
AR004478A1 (es) 1998-12-16
EP0814946A1 (fr) 1998-01-07
CN1184444A (zh) 1998-06-10
BR9607213A (pt) 1998-11-17
US5814253A (en) 1998-09-29
CO4600699A1 (es) 1998-05-08
JPH11503399A (ja) 1999-03-26
AU723218B2 (en) 2000-08-24
WO1996028289A1 (fr) 1996-09-19
NL1002613C2 (nl) 1999-03-02
DE69624689D1 (de) 2002-12-12
KR19980703040A (ko) 1998-09-05
AU5310596A (en) 1996-10-02
EP0814946A4 (fr) 1998-12-02
CA2215302A1 (fr) 1996-09-19
ATE227250T1 (de) 2002-11-15

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