EP0814171A1 - Pièce coulée en alliage d'aluminium - Google Patents

Pièce coulée en alliage d'aluminium Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0814171A1
EP0814171A1 EP97109128A EP97109128A EP0814171A1 EP 0814171 A1 EP0814171 A1 EP 0814171A1 EP 97109128 A EP97109128 A EP 97109128A EP 97109128 A EP97109128 A EP 97109128A EP 0814171 A1 EP0814171 A1 EP 0814171A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
die
casting
fill chamber
bore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP97109128A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0814171B1 (fr
Inventor
James R. Fields
Men Glen Chu
Lawrence W. Cisko
Donald L. Drane
George C. Eckert
George C. Full
Thomas R. Hornack
Thomas J. Kasun
Marshall A. Klingensmith
Jerri F. Mcmichael
Richard A. Manzini
Janel M. Miller
Victor A. Pajerski
M.K. Premkumar
Robert E. Robinson
Thomas J. Rodjom
Gerald D. Scott
William G. Truckner
Robert C. Wallace
Mohammad A. Zaidi
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Howmet Aerospace Inc
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Aluminum Company of America
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Priority claimed from US07/320,140 external-priority patent/US5076344A/en
Application filed by Aluminum Company of America filed Critical Aluminum Company of America
Publication of EP0814171A1 publication Critical patent/EP0814171A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/14—Machines with evacuated die cavity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/2007—Methods or apparatus for cleaning or lubricating moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/32—Controlling equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
    • C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining

Definitions

  • This invention relates to aluminum alloy casting, especially to castings from high-pressure die-casting processes.
  • the invention has particular application to that branch of the die-casting field where vacuum is used to facilitate the die-casting operation and/or enhance the product.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,583,579 of Miki et al. relates to the measuring of temperature and calculation of clearance of a plunger, sleeve and spool bush in a die casting machine, in order to control plunger retraction and determine the presence of abnormal operating conditions.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,544,355 disclosed a method and apparatus for lubricating a shot cylinder in a die casting machine.
  • Spray head means is adapted to be moved into position for spraying the lubricant directly into the interior of the shot cylinder.
  • an aluminum alloy casting characterized by an iron content of less than 0.5% by weight, and a gas content of ⁇ 5 milliliters (STP) per 100 grams of aluminum, said casting having a yield strength in tension (0.2% offset) ⁇ 110 MPa and a free bend deformation ⁇ 25 min.
  • a die-casting process incorporating this invention involves the following consideration:
  • embodiments of this invention include magnesium alloys
  • preferred embodiments are certain alloys of aluminum, one especially advantageous example being an aluminum-silicon-magnesium casting alloy (hereinafter referred to as the AlSi10Mg.1 alloy) of the following percentage composition:
  • Ti may be present, for instance in the range 0.05-0.10 percent.
  • B may also be present.
  • a reasonable limit for such other elements is that they not exceed a total of 0.25 percent.
  • Another choice of limits might be: Others each 0.05% max, others total 0.15% max.
  • the functions of the constituents of the alloy are as follows.
  • the silicon lends fluidity to the melt for facilitating the casting operation, as well as imparting strength to the casting.
  • the strontium provides a rounding of the silicon eutectic particles for enhancing ductility.
  • Magnesium provides hardening during aging based on Mg 2 Si precipitation.
  • Addition of iron suppresses soldering of the alloy to the iron-based mold and to iron-based conduits or containers on the way to the mold. Soldering leads to sticking of the cast part to the die surface, roughening of dies and of the walls of die casting machine fill chambers, to breakdown of sealing, to wear of the pistons of die-casting machines, and to surface roughening on the castings matching the surface roughening of the dies.
  • Soldering is particularly a problem in the casting of die castings, which have high gate velocities relative to other casting techniques.
  • Die-castings in general, have a metal velocity through the gate in the range 15 to 70 meters/sec (50 to 200 feet/sec).
  • High gate velocities may be necessary for a number of reasons. For instance, thin gates are of advantage and desired for mass-produced die castings, because it is then easy simply to break the gate material away from the casting during trimming.
  • thin gates (maximum thickness ⁇ about 2 millimeters) necessitate high metal flow velocities through them, and higher metal pressures and temperatures, particularly in the casting of complexly shaped parts, and these conditions have all been found to promote soldering.
  • Another reason for high gate velocities can be the need to get complete filling of a mold for making a thin-walled casting, e.g. castings containing walls of thickness ⁇ 5 mm.
  • the commonly used countermeasure against soldering is increased iron content, up to 1, or even 1.3, % iron.
  • the iron compositional range for compositions preferred is low compared to the usual iron level used for high-gate-velocity die castings.
  • iron can have a deleterious effect on ductility of the alloy and on the ability of cast parts to withstand crush tests.
  • low-gate-velocity, thick-gate castings may be die-cast without too much worry of causing soldering. Of course, then the gates have to be sawed off, rather than broken off. Iron contents in the 0.3-0.4% range are used in low-gate-velocity die casting, and iron may even be as low as 0.15%.
  • iron-based dies are to be used, and especially in the case of high-gate-velocity die casting, it can be of advantage to add to the above composition certain elements which will alter the effect of the iron on mechanical properties.
  • an element may be added for affecting morphology of the plate-shaped iron-bearing particles from a platelet shape to a more spheroidized shape, in order to maintain ductility at higher Fe levels.
  • Elements which are considered as candidates for altering the effect of iron are Ni, Co, Be, B, Mn, and Cr at levels about in the range 0.05 to 0.1, 0.2, or even 0.25 percent.
  • compositions can be used in conjunction with the present invention.
  • iron may be varied in the range beginning at 0.5% downwards, and, in some instances, iron may be as, low as 0.2%, perhaps even down to 0.1%. Silicon may be decreased to around 8%. And, magnesium may be brought down to 0.10%.
  • an alternate, composition may be: Si 7.5 - 8.5 Mg 0.08-0.12 Fe 0.15 -25 Sr 0.015 - 0.25 Remainder Al.
  • the present method can as well be applied to the die-casting of the class of aluminum alloys containing 7-11% magnesium.
  • Alloy products which can be casted in varying embodiments are: 356, 357, 369.1, 409.2, and 413.2, as listed in the Registration Record of Aluminum Association Alloy Designations and Chemical Composition Limits for Aluminum Alloys in the Form of Castings and Ingots, published by the Aluminum Association, Washington, D.C..
  • Material (such as the AlSi10Mg.1 alloy described above) of the correct composition is melted, adjusted in composition as required, and then held for feed to a die-casting machine as needed.
  • Adjustment of composition comprises three parts: Removal of dissolved gas, addition of alloying agents, and removal of solid inclusions.
  • Modifying agent e.g. strontium, sodium, calcium or antimony
  • addition for modifying the shape of silicon phase may be added, for instance, in the form of master alloy wire of composition 3-4% Sr, balance essentially aluminum, to a trough where the melt is flowing from a melting furnace where melting and hydrogen removal was performed to a holding furnace where the melt is stored preparatory to casting.
  • chlorine reacts with Sr
  • bubble inert gas such as argon
  • Master alloy wire of composition 3.5% Sr, balance aluminum has been found to be more effective for this modification of the silicon in the eutectic than master alloy wire of composition 9% Sr, balance aluminum.
  • the residence time of a satisfactory silicon modification is greater than at 732°C (1350°F) than at 760°C (1400°F).
  • Strontium content is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.03% in the molten metal and in the casting for effective silicon modification.
  • Solid inclusions not eliminated by skim removal in the melting ladle are removed by filtration, for example through ceramic foam or particulate filters. This may be carried out as the melt moves from the trough into the container in the holding furnace.
  • filtration for example through ceramic foam or particulate filters.
  • metal e.g. aluminum alloy
  • castings particularly die castings
  • Filter pore and/or grit size is chosen to meet the chosen standard. The desired flow rate through the filter is then obtained by appropriate filter area and pressure head.
  • the inclusion content of the metal is determined by metallographic examination of a statistically adequate sample removed from the area of the holding furnace from which the metal brought into the die casting machine is taken.
  • the sample is obtained using equipment as described, for instance, by R. D. Blackburn et al. in papers presented at the Pacific Northwest Metals and Minerals Conference, April 27, 1979, and involves the sucking of a statistically adequate quantity of metal through a filter and analyzing the inclusions retained on the filter.
  • the number of such inclusions found is divided by the quantity of metal sucked through the filter; the presence of inclusions of size greater than 20- ⁇ means the metal fails the test.
  • Molten material is brought from the holding furnace to the die casting machine through a suction tube.
  • the suction tube preferably extends into a region of the holding furnace container where, as melts is removed for casting, melt pressure head causes melt replenishment to move through a filter into such region.
  • the suction tube extends from the holding furnace to a fill, or charging, chamber, also called a shot sleeve, at a hole in the fill chamber referred to as the inlet orifice.
  • the suction tube is preferably made of graphite (coated for protection against oxidation on its outer surface) or ceramic, for preventing iron contamination of the melt and for facilitating suction tube maintenance.
  • a ceramic, e.g. boron nitride, inlet orifice insert may be used to reduce heat transfer, thus guarding against metal freezing in the inlet orifice, and to reduce erosion at that location. This may be coupled with a ceramic insert in the shot sleeve in the area of the inlet orifice, also to prevent erosion. Erosion may be handled, as well, with an H-13-type steel replacement liner at such location.
  • An electric inlet orifice heater also may be used to guard against metal freezing at the inlet orifice. This so-called pancake heater operates in the manner described below.
  • a moat in the fill chamber outside wall, in the portion of the outside wall surrounding the inlet orifice, may also be used for reducing heat transfer out of the area of the inlet orifice.
  • a secondary, crushable, die-formed (by ribbon compression) graphite-fiber seal at the inlet orifice outside of primary seals may be used to guard against air leakage at the primary seals into the melt at the junction between the suction tube and the shot sleeve.
  • the fill chamber seats a piston, or ram, which is preferably made of beryllium copper.
  • the piston serves for driving melt from the fill chamber to the die, or mold.
  • means for applying coatings or lubricants are associated with this section of the die-casting machine to occupy the interfaces between the fill chamber and piston and between the fill chamber and the melt.
  • the piston one important aspect involves protection from its being a source of harmful gases, for instance air from the environment, leaking into the molten material contained under vacuum in the fill chamber.
  • the piston must be able to execute its different functions of first containing and then moving the melt to the die. It must be movable and yet sealed as much as possible against the encroachment of contamination into melt contained in the fill chamber.
  • Advantageous features provided for the piston in the present invention include 1) aspects of sealing, 2) a joint between the piston and the piston rod, and 3) measures taken to control temperature to stabilize the sliding fit between the fill chamber bore and the piston exterior.
  • the seal extends between the fill chamber and the piston rod. This feature assures sealing for as long as desired during piston travel.
  • a flexible envelope between the fill chamber and the piston rod accommodates different alignments of the piston and rod. This arrangement also prevents damage to sealing gaskets by aluminum solder or flash which is generated by movement of the piston.
  • the piston includes a flexible skirt for fitting against variations in the bore of the fill chamber, in order to better seal the piston-fill chamber bore interface against gas leakage into melt in the fill chamber.
  • a swivel, or ball, joint, or articulation, between the piston and the piston rod may also be provided to allow the piston to follow the bore of the fill chamber.
  • the piston is cooled, this assisting, for instance, in freezing the so-called biscuit against which it rams in the final filling of the die.
  • Temperature is controlled, to resist contamination of the melt by gas leaking through the interface between piston and bore. Measures used include direct monitoring and controlling of piston temperature, which in turn permits control of cooling fluid flow to the piston based on timing or cooling fluid temperature.
  • the fill chamber itself may be made of H13 steel, which preferably has been given a nitride coating using the ion-nitriding technique.
  • the fill chamber may optionally have ceramic lining for providing decreased erosion, reduced release agent (lubricant) application or reduced heat loss.
  • ceramic lining for providing decreased erosion, reduced release agent (lubricant) application or reduced heat loss.
  • 2,671,936 of Sundwick can be provided in ceramic form, together with substitution of other parts of his molten metal supply equipment toward the goal of providing a hot chamber die caster resistant to attack by the metal being cast, particularly aluminum alloy.
  • Ceramic liners provide compositional choices not subject to the aluminum-iron interaction and can, therefore, stay smooth longer, this being of advantage, for instance, for preventing wear in the flexible skirt.
  • the fill chamber section additionally includes means for applying and maintaining vacuum.
  • Vacuum is achieved by adequate pumping and, even more importantly, it is maintained by attention to sufficient sealing. In general, it is poor practice to increase pumping and not give enough attention to the seals. Insufficient sealing will mean larger amounts of gas sweeping through the evacuated fill chamber and a concomitant risk of melt contamination.
  • Vacuum quality may be monitored by pressure readings (vacuum levels are kept at 40 to 60 mm Hg absolute, preferably less than 50 mm absolute, down to even less than 25 mm Hg absolute) and additionally by measures such as gas tracing, for instance argon and/or helium tracing, and gas mass flow-metering, under either feedback or operator control.
  • An important aspect of the fill chamber section involves the application of coatings or lubricants. Measures such as ion nitriding are done once and serve for making many castings. Other coatings and lubricants are applied of often, for instance before the forming of each casting.
  • Coatings and lubricants may be applied manually, using nozzles fed by the opening of a valve. Or, they may be applied by use of so-called “rider tubes” which ride with the piston to lubricate the bore of the fill chamber. Rider tubes typically involve the use of a non-productive piston stroke between each die feeding stroke for lubricating the fill chamber bore preparatory for the next filling of melt into the fill chamber. Another option for lubrication is the "drop oiler” method, where oil is placed on the sides of the, piston when it is exposed, for subsequent distribution to the bore of the fill chamber during piston stroke.
  • a fill chamber "die-end” lubricator is provided. It is called a “die-end” lubricator, because it accesses the fill chamber bore from the end of the fill chamber nearest the die, when the die halves are open.
  • the die-end lubricator eliminates the non-productive stroke.
  • Other important advantages of the die-end lubricator are uniform, thorough application of coatings and lubricants, the drying of the water and/or alcohol component of water and/or alcohol-based coatings and lubricants, and the sweeping, or evacuation, of solder, or flash, and evaporated water and/or alcohol from the fill chamber bore by pressurized gas blow.
  • the lubricants and coatings used in the fill chamber and die have been found to be especially advantageous for enabling high pressure die casting of parts in low iron, precipitation hardenable aluminum alloy.
  • the die castings have low gas content and can be heat treated to states of combined high yield strength and high crush resistance.
  • Both fill chamber bore and the cast-metal-receiving faces of the die are preferably given a nitride coating using the ion-nitriding technique.
  • Ion nitriding also known as plasma nitriding, is a commonly utilized surface treatment in die casting. Ion nitriding is used in conventional die casting mainly to reduce die wear caused by high velocity erosion.
  • This surface treatment of the fill chamber bore and the die preferably in combination with the use of lubricant, especially the halogen salt-containing lubricant has been found to be particularly effective for inhibiting soldering in the high pressure die casting of low iron, precipitation hardenable aluminum alloy.
  • Lubrication is important for long and successful runs which avoid soldering, i.e. attack of the steel fill chamber and die walls by aluminum alloy melt.
  • die and sleeve lubricants for the most part have very different functions, both lubricants have the common function that they must minimize the soldering salt reaction.
  • a halogenated of an alkali metal is added to die and fill chamber lubricants to achieve a marked reduction in soldering, particularly in the case of die-casting low-iron aluminum silicon alloys.
  • potassium iodide added to lubricant (2 to 7% in sleeve lubricant and 0.5 to 3% in die lubricant) inhibits the formation of solder buildup and enables a reduction in the lubricating species, for instance organic, required for performance.
  • the lubricating species in the water-based lubricants to which it is added emulsion, water soluble synthetic, dispersion or, suspension
  • An example of lubricating species is polyethylene glycol at 1% in the water base.
  • Graphite is another lubricating species, which may be added to facilitate release of the castings from the die.
  • Lubricants containing halogenated salt of alkali metal provide an overall reduction in gas content in the cast parts.
  • die-end lubricator equipment to apply lubricant to the fill chamber bore.
  • Thee equipment enables the use of water and/or alcohol based lubricants for the bore.
  • the die-end lubricator has brought consistency to the lubricant application and provides the ability to apply inorganic materials, such as potassium iodide.
  • steam generated by the evaporation of the water is removed from the sleeve by the sweeping action of the drying air emitted from its nozzle.
  • the casting may be allowed to cool to room temperature and sand blasted, if desired, for removing surface-trapped lubricant, to reduce gas effects during subsequent treatment, for instance to reduce blistering during subsequent heat treatment and outgassing during welding.
  • the sand blasting can also remove surface microcracks on die casting this leading to improved mechanical properties in the die castings, particularly improved crush resistance.
  • Heat treatment of die castings of the AlSi10Mg.1 aluminum alloy is designed to improve both ductility and strength.
  • Heat treatment comprises a solution heat treatment and an aging treatment.
  • Solution treatment is carried out in the range 482 to 510°C (900 to 950°F) for a time sufficient to provide a silicon coarsening giving the desired ductility and to provide magnesium phase dissolution.
  • the lower end of this range has been found to give desired results with much reduced tendency for blistering to occur. Blistering is a function of flow stress and the lower temperature treatment (which are associated with lower flow stress) therefore helps guard against blistering.
  • the lower end of the range also provides greater control over silicon coarsening, the coarsening rate being appreciably lower at the lower temperatures.
  • Aging, or precipitation hardening follows the solution heat treatment. Aging is carried out at temperatures lower than those used for solution and precipitates Mg2Si for strengthening.
  • the concept of the aging integrator as set forth in U.S. Patent No. 3,645,804, may be employed for determining appropriate combinations of times and temperatures for aging. Should the casting be later subjected to paint-bake elevated temperature treatments, the aging integrator may be applied to ascertain the effect of those treatments on the strength of the finished part.
  • This solution plus aging treatment has been found to permit the selection of combined high ductility and high strength, the ductility coming from the solution treatment, the strength coming from the aging treatment, such that a wide range of crush resistance, for instance in box-shaped castings, can be achieved.
  • solution heat treatment temperatures at the lower end of the solution heat treatment temperature range be used.
  • Time at solution heat treatment temperature has an effect.
  • the yield strength obtainable by aging decreases as time at solution heat treatment temperature increases.
  • Achievable yield strength falls more quickly with time at solution heat treatment temperature for the higher solution heat treatment temperatures, for instance 510°C (950°F), than is the case for lower solution heat treatment temperatures, for instance 493°C (920°F).
  • Achievable yield strength starts out higher in the case of solution heat treatment at 510°C (950°F) but falls below that achievable by solution heat treatment at 493°C (920°F) as time at solution heat treatment temperature increases.
  • Free bend test deformation is determined using a test setup as shown in Fig. 15.
  • the radii on the heads, against which the specimen deflects measure 1.27 cm (0.5 inches.)
  • the specimen measuring 2 mm thick by 7.62 cm (3 inches) long by 1.52 cm (0.6 inches) wide, is given a slight bend, such that the specimen will buckle as shown when the loading heads are moved toward one another.
  • For specimens thicker than 2 mm they are milled, on one side only, down to 2 mm thickness, and bent such that the outside of the bend is on the unmilled side.
  • the top and bottom loading beads close at a constant controlled stroke rate of 50 mm/min. Recorded as "free bend test deformation” is the number of millimeters of head travel which has occurred when specimen cracking begins. Free bend test deformation is a measure of crush resistance.
  • Gas level is determined by metal fusion gas analysis of the total casting, including mass spectrographic analysis of the constituents. Typically, gas level is below 5 ml, standard temperature and pressure (STP), i.e. 1.033 Kg/cm 2 (1 atmosphere pressure) and 24°C (75°F), per 100g metal.
  • STP standard temperature and pressure
  • the practice of melting the total casting is to be contrasted with the possibility of testing individual portions cut from a casting. Melting the total casting provides a good measure of the real quality being attained by the casting equipment and process.
  • Weldability is determined by observation of weld pool bubbling, using an A, B, C scale; A is assigned for no visible gassing, B for a light amount of outgassing, a light sparkling effect, but still weldable, and C for large amounts of outgassing and explosions of hydrogen, making the casting non-weldable.
  • gas level is a measure of weldability, weldability being inversely proportional to gas level.
  • Corrosion resistance is determined by the EXCO test, ASTM Standard G34-72.
  • Fig. 1 shows a side view, partially in section, of a die-casting machine.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cast piece from the die in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of melting practice.
  • Fig. 4 is an elevational, cross-sectional, detail view of one embodiment of the region around the fill chamber end of the suction tube in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is an elevational, cross-sectional, detail view of a second embodiment of the region around the fill chamber end of the suction tube in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5A is schematic, perspective view of a third embodiment of the region around the fill chamber end of the suction tube in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 6 is an elevational, cross-sectional, detail view of a seal for sealing the piston-fill chamber interface.
  • Figs. 6A and 6R are views as in Fig. 6 of modifications of the seal.
  • Fig. 7 is an axial cross section of a second embodiment of a piston.
  • Fig. 8 is an axial cross section of a third embodiment of a piston.
  • Fig. 9 is a cross sectional, plan, schematic view of the die-casting machine as seen using a horizontal cutting plane in Fig. 1 containing the axis of the fill chamber 10.
  • Fig. 10 is a view as in Fig. 9, showing more detail and a subsequent stage of operation.
  • Fig. 11 is a view based on cutting plane XI-XI of Fig. 10.
  • Fig. 12 is a view based on cutting plane XII-XII of Fig. 10.
  • Fig. 13 is a view based on cutting plane XIII-XIII of Fig. 10.
  • Fig. 14 is a view based on cutting plane XIV-XIV of Fig. 13.
  • Fig. 15 is an elevational view of the test setup for measuring free bend test deformation.
  • Fig. 16 is an oblique view of a casting.
  • Fig. 17A is a schematic, partially cross-sectioned, view of an internally cooled piston-in a heated fill chamber bore.
  • Figs. 17B to 17D are control diagrams.
  • a complex casting had the configuration as shown in Fig. 16. For sake of a name, it is referred to as the hat casting. It is composed of a 100 mm section 330 of 5 mm wall thickness and a 200 mm section 332 of 2 mm wall thickness. The casting has a height 334 and depth 336 both of 120 mm. The main gate 342 measured 4 mm x 60 mm in cross section and the two lateral gates 344 each had cross sections of 2 mm x 10 mm. The casting was produced as the 32nd casting of a 95 casting run in a vacuum die casting machine as shown in Fig.
  • Cycle time 0.0 minutes vacuum during Phase 1 of about 20 mm Hg abs., piston diameter of 70 mm, Phase 1 piston velocity of about 325 mm/sec, Phase 2 piston velocity of about 1785 mm/sec, Phase 3 metal pressure of 868 Dyne/cm 2 (12,580 psig (868 bar)), 141 ml of 1% KI lubricant on the die faces, 7.6 ml of 5% KI lubricant on the fill chamber bore, and metal temperature in holding furnace of 710°C (1310°F). Holding furnace metal analysis was 10.1% Si, 0.3% Fe, 0. 13% Mg, 0.03% Sr, 0.052% Ti.
  • the die casting machine included the bellows-seal of Fig.

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  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
EP97109128A 1989-03-07 1990-03-06 Pièce coulée en alliage d'aluminium Revoked EP0814171B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US320140 1989-03-07
US07/320,140 US5076344A (en) 1989-03-07 1989-03-07 Die-casting process and equipment
EP90905277A EP0462218B1 (fr) 1989-03-07 1990-03-06 Procede et equipment de coulage sous pression

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90905277A Division EP0462218B1 (fr) 1989-03-07 1990-03-06 Procede et equipment de coulage sous pression
EP90905277.1 Division 1990-09-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0814171A1 true EP0814171A1 (fr) 1997-12-29
EP0814171B1 EP0814171B1 (fr) 2002-12-04

Family

ID=23245052

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97109128A Revoked EP0814171B1 (fr) 1989-03-07 1990-03-06 Pièce coulée en alliage d'aluminium
EP97109129A Expired - Lifetime EP0813922B1 (fr) 1989-03-07 1990-03-06 Procédé et dispositif de coulée sous pression sous vide

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97109129A Expired - Lifetime EP0813922B1 (fr) 1989-03-07 1990-03-06 Procédé et dispositif de coulée sous pression sous vide

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0814171B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR100187514B1 (fr)
AT (3) ATE174828T1 (fr)
BR (1) BR9007214A (fr)
DE (3) DE69033755T2 (fr)
ES (3) ES2158405T3 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108543939A (zh) * 2018-05-24 2018-09-18 广州现代康体设备有限公司 一种生产设备机械智能控制系统
CN111151728A (zh) * 2020-01-06 2020-05-15 广州市丹爵通讯科技有限公司 一种用于5g信号增强器的安全系数高的压铸设备
CN112974784A (zh) * 2021-02-20 2021-06-18 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 一种钢包包盖存放装置及快速钢包加盖、揭盖的方法

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JP3921513B2 (ja) 2002-04-17 2007-05-30 株式会社木村工業 成型装置及びそれに用いる型ユニット
US7666353B2 (en) * 2003-05-02 2010-02-23 Brunswick Corp Aluminum-silicon alloy having reduced microporosity
US6923935B1 (en) 2003-05-02 2005-08-02 Brunswick Corporation Hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloy having reduced microporosity
DE10327165B4 (de) * 2003-06-15 2008-08-07 Kern Gmbh Magnesium-Giesstechnik Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Leichtmetallgusserzeugnissen
DE20320840U1 (de) * 2003-07-04 2005-03-31 Alutec Belte Ag Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken und Wärmebehandeln eines Gussteils
DE102004024952B4 (de) * 2004-05-21 2008-06-05 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Druckgusswerkzeug
DE102007012424A1 (de) * 2007-03-15 2008-09-18 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Aluminium-Legierung
DE102012025447B4 (de) * 2012-12-21 2016-11-03 Wieland Anlagentechnik Gmbh Druckgussvorrichtung, Schmiermittelversorgungssystem und Schmierverfahren
DE102013208151B4 (de) * 2013-05-03 2020-11-19 Breuckmann GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung von Erzeugnissen aus Metall
CN111212695B (zh) 2018-04-12 2021-06-15 株式会社阿雷斯提 铸造装置、铸件的制造方法以及密封构造
CN112589385A (zh) * 2020-11-26 2021-04-02 宁德特波电机有限公司 一种防止软性材质轴承室变形工艺
CN115415502B (zh) * 2022-08-05 2024-03-08 苏州市艺达精工有限公司 一种多穴位压铸模具

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FR918574A (fr) * 1945-08-21 1947-02-12 Procédé de purification des métaux et alliages
US3087808A (en) * 1960-07-28 1963-04-30 Chemetron Corp Process for cleaning and degassing molten aluminum and aluminum alloys
AT333452B (de) * 1973-10-31 1976-11-25 Elin Union Ag Einrichtung zum entgasen von metallschmelzen
US4049248A (en) * 1971-07-16 1977-09-20 A/S Ardal Og Sunndal Verk Dynamic vacuum treatment
JPS5967350A (ja) * 1982-10-08 1984-04-17 Toshiba Corp アルミニウム材
EP0248459A1 (fr) * 1986-05-06 1987-12-09 van Wijk, Gijsbert Willem Meindert Procédé et appareillage de purification d'un bain d'un métal léger, en particulier d'un bain d'aluminium
EP0258567A1 (fr) * 1986-07-02 1988-03-09 Union Carbide Corporation Procédé permettant de contrôler la densité de pièces en aluminium par réglage de la teneur en hydrogène des bains d'aluminium

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US2864140A (en) * 1955-10-31 1958-12-16 Package Machinery Co Vacuum die casting means
DE2641116A1 (de) * 1976-09-13 1978-03-30 Walter Reis Vorrichtung zum druckgiessen von metallen, z.b. aluminium, unter evakuierung der druckgiessformen
US4534403A (en) * 1980-10-14 1985-08-13 Harvill John I Hot chamber die casting machine
DE3041340A1 (de) * 1980-11-03 1982-05-13 Maschinenfabrik Weingarten Ag, 7987 Weingarten Druckgiessverfahren zur herstellung von gasarmer, porenarmer und oxydarmer gussstuecke sowie druckgiessmaschine zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens

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US3087808A (en) * 1960-07-28 1963-04-30 Chemetron Corp Process for cleaning and degassing molten aluminum and aluminum alloys
US4049248A (en) * 1971-07-16 1977-09-20 A/S Ardal Og Sunndal Verk Dynamic vacuum treatment
AT333452B (de) * 1973-10-31 1976-11-25 Elin Union Ag Einrichtung zum entgasen von metallschmelzen
JPS5967350A (ja) * 1982-10-08 1984-04-17 Toshiba Corp アルミニウム材
EP0248459A1 (fr) * 1986-05-06 1987-12-09 van Wijk, Gijsbert Willem Meindert Procédé et appareillage de purification d'un bain d'un métal léger, en particulier d'un bain d'aluminium
EP0258567A1 (fr) * 1986-07-02 1988-03-09 Union Carbide Corporation Procédé permettant de contrôler la densité de pièces en aluminium par réglage de la teneur en hydrogène des bains d'aluminium

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108543939A (zh) * 2018-05-24 2018-09-18 广州现代康体设备有限公司 一种生产设备机械智能控制系统
CN111151728A (zh) * 2020-01-06 2020-05-15 广州市丹爵通讯科技有限公司 一种用于5g信号增强器的安全系数高的压铸设备
CN112974784A (zh) * 2021-02-20 2021-06-18 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 一种钢包包盖存放装置及快速钢包加盖、揭盖的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE202305T1 (de) 2001-07-15
BR9007214A (pt) 1992-03-24
DE69034025T2 (de) 2003-07-24
ATE174828T1 (de) 1999-01-15
ES2184006T3 (es) 2003-04-01
EP0814171B1 (fr) 2002-12-04
KR100187514B1 (ko) 1999-04-01
DE69034025D1 (de) 2003-01-16
EP0813922A1 (fr) 1997-12-29
DE69033755D1 (de) 2001-07-26
ES2125221T3 (es) 1999-03-01
EP0813922B1 (fr) 2001-06-20
DE69032853D1 (de) 1999-02-04
DE69033755T2 (de) 2002-05-29
ATE229090T1 (de) 2002-12-15
KR920700809A (ko) 1992-08-10
DE69032853T2 (de) 1999-07-22
ES2158405T3 (es) 2001-09-01

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