EP0810335B1 - A modular structure - Google Patents

A modular structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0810335B1
EP0810335B1 EP97108719A EP97108719A EP0810335B1 EP 0810335 B1 EP0810335 B1 EP 0810335B1 EP 97108719 A EP97108719 A EP 97108719A EP 97108719 A EP97108719 A EP 97108719A EP 0810335 B1 EP0810335 B1 EP 0810335B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connector
structural elements
insulating material
thermally insulating
structural
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97108719A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0810335A2 (en
EP0810335A3 (en
Inventor
Giuseppe Barale
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GIUSEPPE BARALE D.I.
Original Assignee
Giuseppe Barale DI
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giuseppe Barale DI filed Critical Giuseppe Barale DI
Publication of EP0810335A2 publication Critical patent/EP0810335A2/en
Publication of EP0810335A3 publication Critical patent/EP0810335A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0810335B1 publication Critical patent/EP0810335B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a modular structure, as described in US-A-4 020 611 and US-A-3 299 270. It is known in building construction to form vertical walls, for example of a load-bearing type, by casting pillars of reinforced concrete and filling the space between adjacent pillars with a curtain wall comprising prefabricated sheet-like elements or elementary modules (normally made from brick and/or concrete) connected together. These vertical walls are then finished with a layer of thermally insulating material which is normally placed in a cavity within the curtain wall or is applied to an outer face.
  • this cavity and, in any case, the arrangement of the thermally insulating layer takes a long time to carry out (and this involves additional costs) and must be effected by a specialised workforce.
  • the application of the layer of thermally insulating material involves additional construction time (and hence costs) and must be carried out by a specialised workforce.
  • US-A-3 802 134 describes a modular structure according to the preamble of claim 1 and a combination according to the preamble of claim 14.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a structural element which can be used in combination with other structural elements to form a modular structure usable as a vertical wall or a horizontal platform, in which the arrangement of the thermally insulating layer is carried out in a single operation with the creation of the modular structure itself.
  • the present invention provides a modular structure of the type described in Claim 1. According to the present invention there is also provided a combination of structural element for a modular structure and connector means of the type described in the Claim 14.
  • the element 1 includes a central portion 3 comprising a flat rectagular sheet and two side connector portions 5, 6 formed as straight side walls integral with the sheet 3 and projecting from the longer sides thereof. More particularly, the structural element 1 has a channel section with the walls 5, 6 extending substantialy perpendicularly from a flat rear face 8 of the sheet 3; the walls 5, 6 have substantially the same height h and a cross-section which tapers towards a free edge (for example the walls 5, 6 may have a trapezoidal cross-section).
  • the central portion 3 and the side connector portions 5, 6 are made from reinforced concrete.
  • the side walls 5, 6 have respective opposite end portions 5a, 5b and 6a, 6b from which project metal elements 7 forming part of the inner reinforcement (not shown) of the reinforced cement portions. More particularly one metal element 7 may be in the form of a hook usable for engagement and lifting of the structural element 1.
  • the structural element 1 further includes a layer of thermally (and acoustically) insulating material 10, conveniently made from a rectangular sheet of expanded polystyrene (or other thermally insulating material), coupled to the central portion 3 in contact with the rear face 8. More particularly, the sheet 10 is rectangular with longer edges 10a, 10b located in contact with base portions of the straight side walls 5, 6. Thus the sheet 10 extends between the walls 5 and 6 over the entire width L of the rear face 8.
  • the structural element 1 further includes an outer facing layer 12 applied to a front face 14 of the rectangular sheet 3 and having a substantially constant thickness.
  • the outer facing layer may, for example, comprise lightweight concrete, cellular concrete, hydraulic lime mixed with polystyrene, a fire-retardant material in general or an outer cladding of brick or stone.
  • the structural element 1 is adapted to cooperate with a connector element device 18 (Figure 2) which, in the embodiment illustrated in Figure 2, comprises a parallelepipedal block of thermally insulating material (for example expanded polystyrene) of a length at least equal to the length of the structural element 1.
  • the connector element device 18 has two straight trapezoidal-section channels 21, 22 which extend parallel to each other in a flat face 23 of the parallelpipedal block 18.
  • the structural element 1 may, to advantage, be used to form a horizontal platform, for example a load-bearing slab, as illustrated in Figure 2.
  • a load-bearing slab as illustrated in Figure 2.
  • the rectangular sheets 3 are also located so as to be coplanar, for example by the placing of the structural elements on a flat supporting surface 24 (illustrated schematically) of a load-bearing structure (not illustrated).
  • the end portions (not illustrated) of the structural elements 1 may also be rested on respective vertical load-bearing walls (not shown) which support the structural elements themselves.
  • the blocks 18 are also located so as to interconnect the adjacent structural elements, the channels 21, 22 of a block 18 housing respective walls 6 and 5 of adjacent structural elements.
  • each block 18 is in cooperating contact with the insulating layers 10 of the adjacent structural elements so as to form therewith a substantially continuous covering layer 25 of the modular structure comprising the adjacent structural elements 1 interconnected by the connector elements 18.
  • the adjacent parallelepipedal blocks 18 also define, with the layer 10, straight, rectangular-section channels 28 in which steel reinforcements 30 may be arranged and in which a cement layer 33 may subsequently be cast so as to form load-bearing beams when the cement has hardened.
  • the structural elements 1 may be used with connector elements 18a each comprising an elongate, substantially parallelepipedal body with a pair of parallel channels 21a, 22a in a first face 36 and a pair of parallel channels 40, 41 in a second face 46 of the body 18a opposite the face 36.
  • the body 18a, as described for the connector element 18, has a length at least equal to the length of the structural element 1 to which it is applied.
  • the structural elements 1 of Figure 3 are used to form a vertical load-bearing wall.
  • a first plurality of structural elements 1a is arranged alongside each other with the walls 5, 6 parallel and adjacent.
  • the rectangular sheets 3 are then disposed vertically and in the same plane, for example with the use of an external supporting framework (described below).
  • the blocks 18a are arranged so as to interconnect the adjacent structural elements, with the channels 21a, 22a of a block 18a housing respective walls 6 and 5 of adjacent structural elements.
  • the face 36 of each block 18a is in cooperating contact with the insulating layers 10 of the adjacent structural elements to form therewith a substantially continuous first covering layer 25a.
  • a second plurality of structural elements 1b is arranged side by side and facing the structural elements of the first plurality, with the rectangular sheets 3 vertical and parallel to the corresponding sheets of the structural elements 1a.
  • the blocks 18a are disposed so as to interconnect adjacent structural elements 1b, the channels 40, 41 of a block 18a housing respective walls 6 and 5 of the adjacent structural elements 1b.
  • the connector elements 18a are interposed between the connector wall portions 5, 6 of the structural elements 1a and the connector portions 5, 6 of the structural elements 1b.
  • the connector elements 18a thus fulfil the dual function of interconnecting the adjacent structural elements 1a and 1b and separating and spacing apart the facing structural elements 1a, 1b.
  • each block 18a is in cooperating contact with the insulating layers 10 of the structural elements 1b to form therewith a second substantially continuous covering layer 50 parallel to and facing the covering layer 25a.
  • a structural element 1a and a structural element 1b facing each other together define, with the pair of connector elements 18a which separate them, a substantially parallelepipedal cavity 55 bounded by the facing layers of insulating material 10 and the side faces of the connector elements 18a.
  • a steel reinforcement (not shown) may be arranged in the cavity 55 and subsequently a layer of cement mortar (not illustrated) may be cast around it so as to form, when the cement has hardened, load-bearing pillars which are firmly connected to the structural elements 1a and 1b.
  • Pipes, connecting cables etc. may also be housed in the cavity 55.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a plurality of first and second vertical structural elements arranged facing each other to form a vertical load-bearing wall similar to that illustrated in and described with respect to Figure 3.
  • Rectangular apertures 60 are left open in this vertical load-bearing wall and are bounded by facing side wall portions 61, 62 of the vertical wall; each is defined by lateral portions 5, 6 of the facing structural elements and by the connector element 18 interposed between them.
  • the aperture 60 may be closed by a rectangular panel 65 having a rectangular aperture 66 defining a doorway in the vertical wall.
  • the lower part of the aperture 66 may be closed by a rectangular panel 67 to form a window opening in the vertical load-bearing wall.
  • the side wall portions 60, 61 may also be faced with rectangular sheets 68, 69 having a height substantially equal to the height of the aperture 66 and adapted to support an upper L-shaped cross-beam for resting on peripheral portions of the shorter sides of the sheets 68, 69.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the upper portion of a vertical load-bearing wall similar to that illustrated in, and described with reference to, Figure 3.
  • This vertical wall supports a plurality of structural elements 1 arranged horizontally and having straight end portions located so as to face upper straight portions of the vertical wall.
  • the metal elements 7 which project from the horizontal structural elements close to the vertical wall extend into an upper region T of the vertical wall into which the metal elements 7 of the vertical wall itself also extend.
  • Cement mortar may be poured into this region T so as to form a reinforced concrete beam which extends across the top of the vertical wall and connects the latter to the horizontal structural elements.
  • the horizontal structural elements disposed next to each other and in alignment have adjacent end portions from which metal elements 7 project so as to face each other across a region R.
  • the region R extends along the adjacent portions of the structural elements 1 and is adapted to house a metal reinforcement over which cement may be poured to form a section-break, horizontal, load-bearing cross-member extending transverse the structural elements 1 and interconnecting their adjacent end portions.
  • the cross-members do not interrupt the thermally insulating layer defined by the horizontal structural elements.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a framework 80 used for supporting the vertical structural elements to form a vertical load-bearing wall as described above with reference to Figure 3.
  • the framework 3 comprises a plurality of straight connector devices 81 coupled together so as to form straight retaining structures which extend on opposite sides of the vertical wall.
  • Each connector device comprises a rectangular plate 83 from which extend two parallel, straight tie-bars 84, 85.
  • Each connector device 81 further includes a straight appendage 87 which projects from the opposite side of the plate 83 from the straight tie-bars 84, 85.
  • the straight appendage 87 ( Figure 7) has a hook-shaped end portion 87a which is adapted to fit into a slot 90a in a first end of a straight plate 90 extending through the connector element 18 and having a second end portion with a slot 90b coupled to the straight appendage 87 of a connector device 81 located on the opposite side of the vertical wall.
  • the plate 90 interconnects the straight appendages of two connector device 81 on opposite sides of the vertical wall, ensuring the relative positioning of the structural elements 1a and 1b facing each other.
  • the plate 90 is withdrawn from the connector element 18 after casting in order to eliminate the thermal bridge which the plate 90 itself would form if retained within the vertical wall. Following the withdrawal of the plate 90, the insulating material constituting the element 18 expands into the slit in which the plate 90 was housed, closing this slit.
  • the free end portions 84a, 85a ( Figure 6) of the tie-bars 84, 85 are also connected to a plate 83 of a contiguous connector device so as to be slidable axially but fixed against rotation and, hence, without the possibility of separation from the vertical wall.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
EP97108719A 1996-05-31 1997-05-30 A modular structure Expired - Lifetime EP0810335B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO960471 1996-05-31
IT96TO000471A IT1285383B1 (it) 1996-05-31 1996-05-31 Struttura modulare

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0810335A2 EP0810335A2 (en) 1997-12-03
EP0810335A3 EP0810335A3 (en) 1998-11-11
EP0810335B1 true EP0810335B1 (en) 2004-01-07

Family

ID=11414682

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97108719A Expired - Lifetime EP0810335B1 (en) 1996-05-31 1997-05-30 A modular structure

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0810335B1 (it)
AT (1) ATE257532T1 (it)
DE (1) DE69727097T2 (it)
ES (1) ES2214566T3 (it)
IT (1) IT1285383B1 (it)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2692497A1 (en) 2012-08-02 2014-02-05 Elcom di Barale Giuseppe e Riccardo S.n.c. Method of producing a modular construction insulating member, and modular member produced using such a method

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH692211A5 (it) * 1997-10-03 2002-03-15 Carmine Franco Valente Elementi in laterizio per la costruzione di pannelli modulari per l'edilizia.

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3802134A (en) * 1972-12-26 1974-04-09 R Mccorvey Building of telescoping and interlocking parts
IT1104425B (it) * 1978-02-28 1985-10-21 Isotecnica Spa Elemento portante a forma di trave a t composta da pannelli isolanti
US5381635A (en) * 1991-08-27 1995-01-17 Royal Wall Systems, Inc. Construction wall panel and panel structure
GB2286612B (en) * 1994-02-19 1997-01-15 Roxbury Ltd Improvements in or relating to structural beams

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2692497A1 (en) 2012-08-02 2014-02-05 Elcom di Barale Giuseppe e Riccardo S.n.c. Method of producing a modular construction insulating member, and modular member produced using such a method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITTO960471A1 (it) 1997-12-01
ES2214566T3 (es) 2004-09-16
ATE257532T1 (de) 2004-01-15
DE69727097T2 (de) 2004-11-11
ITTO960471A0 (it) 1996-05-31
DE69727097D1 (de) 2004-02-12
EP0810335A2 (en) 1997-12-03
EP0810335A3 (en) 1998-11-11
IT1285383B1 (it) 1998-06-03

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