EP0809077A2 - Sol pour foyer - Google Patents

Sol pour foyer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0809077A2
EP0809077A2 EP97108147A EP97108147A EP0809077A2 EP 0809077 A2 EP0809077 A2 EP 0809077A2 EP 97108147 A EP97108147 A EP 97108147A EP 97108147 A EP97108147 A EP 97108147A EP 0809077 A2 EP0809077 A2 EP 0809077A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spars
channel
combustion chamber
floor
firebox
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97108147A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0809077A3 (fr
EP0809077B1 (fr
Inventor
Heribert Posch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0809077A2 publication Critical patent/EP0809077A2/fr
Publication of EP0809077A3 publication Critical patent/EP0809077A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0809077B1 publication Critical patent/EP0809077B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/16—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B5/00—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion
    • F23B5/04—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion in separate combustion chamber; on separate grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B7/00—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus
    • F23B7/002—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus characterised by gas flow arrangements
    • F23B7/005—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus characterised by gas flow arrangements with downdraught through fuel bed and grate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the design of the combustion chamber, in particular the combustion chamber floor, in the case of a fire operated with solid fuel.
  • the basic combustion in which the fuel is on a solid surface and is burned there with the supply of combustion air from above or from the side. This usually results in a relatively complete combustion of the fuel, but this process takes a relatively long time since - once a pile of embers has formed - only the top and thus the outside of the volume of the embers are smeared by the combustion air. In the interior of the embers, the combustion is therefore relatively slow, and because of the prevailing lack of oxygen, more carbon monoxide is often generated than is desirable.
  • this object is achieved in that the top of the firebox floor slopes away from the outside inwards at least in the side areas, the firebox floor above a part of its floor plan has a closed glow support surface and the spars of the grate are at least partially hollow, have outlet openings for the secondary air and are connected to a secondary air supply.
  • this secondary air can be supplied exactly at the transition to the afterburning chamber, despite the fact that the pre-combustion chamber and the afterburning chamber connect directly to one another, so that there is very good afterburning.
  • the closed part of the firebox floor should preferably be arranged in the low-lying region of the firebox floor, so that the embers sliding off the inclines are preferably at least partially concentrated on the closed embersupport surface.
  • the outlet openings for the secondary air should be arranged on the bars of the grate at those locations between the bars where the distance between the bars is the smallest, that is to say preferably in the case of a nozzle-like tapering of the space between the bars in the region or shortly after the smallest Cross-sectional location of this free space.
  • the spars themselves - preferably they are arranged parallel to one another - either have a round outer cross section or a rectangular outer cross section, but then on the tip standing, so that they are also directed towards each other with the lateral tips, which results in a space tapered in the middle between the bars.
  • the secondary air supply in the spars is preferably carried out by means of a channel which runs longitudinally, that is to say transversely to the direction of the spars, from which the hollow spars strive and whose interior spaces are connected to one another.
  • the top of the channel can also be used as the closed glow support surface.
  • one side of the combustion chamber floor can be formed through this channel and the other side through the spars, which form the grate and cross-strut from the channel, the upper sides of which form a V-shaped configuration with respect to one another.
  • the channel will preferably be located in the center and the spars will strive from this channel symmetrically on both sides.
  • the channel can preferably have a trapezoidal contour that widens from top to bottom, so that the upright struts can be attached at right angles to the side surfaces of the trapezoidal channel.
  • the combustion is further improved if the top of the channel 12, and thus the closed glow support surface, is not a flat surface, but rather has elevations in order to allow the fuel to rest on the elevations as far as possible, so that underneath, between the fuel and the top of the channel , a flow of combustion air is still possible.
  • the channel can have a rectangular cross-section, on the vertical outer sides of which the obliquely upwardly striving tubular spars are attached obliquely.
  • a control slide can be arranged in the interior of the channel parallel to the side surfaces in which the through openings to the hollow spars for the secondary air are located, by means of its longitudinal displacement with respect to the channel, the free passage and thus the amount of those flowing through at each individual opening separately Secondary air is regulated.
  • Such a control is far more efficient than changing the inflow opening of the secondary air into the duct, because from a certain reduction in the inflow opening the fluidic effect very often occurs that the through openings close to the inflow opening into the duct still supply the spars with secondary air, which passage openings further away and therefore spars practically no longer emit secondary air into the burning point.
  • it is also necessary to have a positive influence on the afterburning taking place below the combustion chamber floor in the afterburning chamber.
  • a partial flue gas extraction can be arranged in the primary combustion chamber, i.e. above the combustion chamber floor, so that flames can flare up visibly there, and result in the usual, upward rising image of fire.
  • the primary combustion air is supplied, for example, through supply openings arranged in the side walls of the primary combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber floor 4 which separates the combustion chamber 1 located above it, that is to say the primary combustion chamber, from the post-combustion chamber 9 underneath.
  • the solid firing material (not shown) is placed on the firebox floor 4.
  • the primary combustion air 16 is supplied, for example, via primary air ducts 27 arranged in the side walls of the combustion chamber 1, as is known per se.
  • the fuel gases generated in the main combustion in the combustion chamber 1 then flow - at least for the most part - down through the side grates 14a, 14b into the afterburning chamber 9, initially directed against the obliquely downward baffle surfaces 19, bouncing off, swirling in the process and get into the central area of the afterburning chamber 9, where the flue gas outlet 13 for the fuel gases is usually also located.
  • the fired material usually wood
  • the fired material will initially be placed on the entire surface of the combustion chamber floor 4, i.e. both in the area of the grids 14a, 14b and in the area of the continuous, glowing support surface 5 which is closed at the bottom and through the top of the channel 12 is formed.
  • Combustion residues i.e. small parts of the combustible material or embers, can fall down through the gaps between the individual bars 15a and 15b, which form the grids 14a, 14b, and along the inclined baffle surfaces 19 into the ash pan located below the afterburning chamber 9 11 fall into ashes 10.
  • the support surface 5 is not a flat surface, but on this upper side of the channel 12 are elevations, preferably the transverse segments 15c, of the tubes which form the bars 15a, 15b of the grids on both sides, so that combustion air above the segments 15c lies on these segments Channel 12 can still flow under the kiln.
  • the channel 12 is a box with a closed cross-section, usually welded from sheet metal, which runs in the direction of view of FIG. 1 and to which the bars 15a, 15b are attached, as a rule welded on, at an incline, are, with the formation of corresponding passage openings for the secondary air, which is introduced into the channel 12 and discharged via the outlet openings 6 of the spars 15a, 15b.
  • the free ends 26 of the spars 15a, 15b are closed, in general welded, by a sheet which is preferably continuous in the viewing direction of FIG. 1.
  • the spars 15a, 15b sit vertically in the solution of FIG. 1 on the side surfaces 29 of the channel 12.
  • the channel 12 forms from its lower outer Edges 20 projecting downwards, preferably outwardly at an angle in the direction of the side surfaces 29, which are thus directed in the direction of the baffle surfaces of the afterburning chamber 9 which run obliquely downwards inward.
  • the combustion gases which flow through the grate 14a, 14b are directed through this extension 20, which preferably extends over the entire length of the channel 12, in the direction transverse to the plane of the grate 14a, 14b and thus on a collision course to the baffle surface 19.
  • the turbulence that occurs serves to improve the afterburning.
  • the passage between the extension 20 and the baffle surface 19 should still be larger from the entire surface than the entire passage area through the associated grate 14a or 14b, so that the passage on the extension 20 does not act as an additional throttle.
  • the baffle surface 19 is inclined downwards at an acute angle 28 with respect to the plane of the grate 14a or 14b.
  • the ash pan 11 is located below the free opening between the lower ends of the baffle 19.
  • the secondary air 7 can be fed into the duct 12 from the rear of the combustion chamber, but also from the front, with the duct 12 on this front - or the rear can extend through a corresponding opening with little play, so that the longitudinal expansion of the channel 12 can be easily absorbed when heated.
  • Fig. 1 is also - in addition to the main flue gas 13 in the area of the afterburning chamber 9, namely in the middle, located below the channel 12 - a partial flue 25, which can be equipped with a flap also / or used as fuel gas , arranged in the upper combustion chamber 1, via which a part of the fuel gases is discharged in order to offer an upward rising flame pattern.
  • the flue gases withdrawing via this partial flue gas outlet 25 can either be fed directly into the chimney or can be fed to the afterburning chamber 9 bypassing the grate 14a, 14b.
  • Fig. 2 shows a top view of the furnace floor, it being apparent that the bars 15a, 15b, which form the grids 14a, 14b, together with the segments 15c, which extend across the channel 12 of the continuous glow contact surface 15, are formed in one piece are, that is, each consist of a single tube, in which the tube cross-section is notched in the central area so that the remaining segment 15c is placed on the top of the channel 12 and welded there, if necessary, along the side edges.
  • the pipe cross sections that are completely present in the side area are attached laterally to the side surfaces 29 of the channel 12 as spars 15a and 15b and are also sealed or welded there.
  • FIG. 4 also shows the shape of the control slide 21 shown in FIG. 1, which is preferably arranged on both sides 29 of the box 12 on the inside thereof.
  • the control slide 21 has recesses 22 which are aligned with the passage openings of the spars 15 to the channel 12.
  • FIG. 4 shows a spar 15a with a round cross-section in the left part of the figure, and a spar 15a with a square cross-section standing on the tip in the middle part of the figure, in the latter case the profiles of the individual spars 15a with the corners are to each other, or at least the side surfaces of the rectangular profiles are inclined to the level of the grate.
  • the passage openings 6 are located approximately on the center line, that is to say at the narrow point between two spars 15a, since contamination with penetration of the ashes etc. is not very likely with a round cross-section.
  • the passage opening 6 is located in the direction of passage of the flue gases shortly after the laterally striving corners, that is to say when only such square profiles are used, shortly after the constriction 23.
  • a spar 15a is shown with a triangular contour, the tip of which is directed against the inflowing flue gas.
  • This triangular spar 15a does not consist of a single piece, but of an angular profile 31 with its tip against the incoming flue gases, which is essentially closed on its free rear side by a transverse cover plate 32, so that a free cross section is created between them.
  • the outlet openings are formed by the spaced apart free ends of the cover plate 32 on the one hand and of the angle profile 31 on the other.
  • the free ends of the cover plate 32 are cranked so that they run parallel and at a distance from the free ends of the angle profile 31.
  • Fig. 3 shows a view similar to Fig. 1, but with an asymmetrical version of the firebox floor.
  • a grating 14 strives from the duct 12 on one side only, again formed by hollow spars 15 attached to the duct 12.
  • This upper side of the channel 12 is also preferably designed to rise obliquely from the inside to the outside, so that together with the upper side of the grate 14 a flat V-shaped upper side is formed, viewed in cross section, the lowest point of which is the transition between the channel 12 and the spars 15 is.
  • FIG. 5 shows a somewhat different solution from FIG. 3.
  • the grate 14 on the one hand and the glow support surface 5 on the other hand form a V-shaped bottom which rises obliquely from the center outwards, but in the solution according to FIG channel 12 located in the wall of the combustion chamber, via which the secondary air for the spars 15 is supplied.
  • the solid glow contact surface 5 can be a solid 33 not flowed through by combustion air, that is to say a closed welding part made of metal or, most simply, a solid fireclay part.
  • Fig. 1 the inclusion of the free ends 26 of the bars 15a, 15b and thus the furnace floor 4 in the surrounding components of the burner is also shown. Due to the strong thermal expansion of the metal from which the firebox floor 4 is made, there is a strong change in the To compensate for the difference in length between the opposite ends 26a and 26b.
  • This side part 30 can be a solid component consisting, for example, of fireclay, or just a hollow body made of sheet steel, as shown, for example, in the right-hand part of FIG. 1.
  • U-profile 18 specially designed for receiving the ends 26b, above the side part 30, the thickness of which corresponds to the thickness of the side wall of the burner and is oriented with its open side towards the center, i.e. towards the combustion chamber 1 , so that the spars 15b can extend into the U-profile 18 through this open side and a length compensation can also be carried out.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)
  • Wick-Type Burners And Burners With Porous Materials (AREA)
EP97108147A 1996-05-20 1997-05-20 Sol pour foyer Expired - Lifetime EP0809077B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19620264 1996-05-20
DE19620264A DE19620264C1 (de) 1996-05-20 1996-05-20 Feuerraumboden

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0809077A2 true EP0809077A2 (fr) 1997-11-26
EP0809077A3 EP0809077A3 (fr) 2002-01-02
EP0809077B1 EP0809077B1 (fr) 2003-08-20

Family

ID=7794794

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97108147A Expired - Lifetime EP0809077B1 (fr) 1996-05-20 1997-05-20 Sol pour foyer

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0809077B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE247802T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19620264C1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3343106A1 (fr) * 2016-12-29 2018-07-04 Heribert Posch Déclencheur primaire pourvu d'espace à écoulement tourbillonnaire inversé

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2398265A1 (fr) * 1977-07-20 1979-02-16 Alexander Charles Grille de cheminee
US4515147A (en) * 1984-01-23 1985-05-07 Grouw Samuel J Van Clean burning grate for fireplaces and wood stoves
GB2159938A (en) * 1984-05-29 1985-12-11 Doulton Ind Products Ltd Apparatus for burning waste material

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3610179A (en) * 1970-02-27 1971-10-05 Alexander Shaw Jr Incinerator
DE4215234A1 (de) * 1992-05-09 1993-11-11 Gerhard Bleickert Ofen

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2398265A1 (fr) * 1977-07-20 1979-02-16 Alexander Charles Grille de cheminee
US4515147A (en) * 1984-01-23 1985-05-07 Grouw Samuel J Van Clean burning grate for fireplaces and wood stoves
GB2159938A (en) * 1984-05-29 1985-12-11 Doulton Ind Products Ltd Apparatus for burning waste material

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3343106A1 (fr) * 2016-12-29 2018-07-04 Heribert Posch Déclencheur primaire pourvu d'espace à écoulement tourbillonnaire inversé

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0809077A3 (fr) 2002-01-02
EP0809077B1 (fr) 2003-08-20
DE19620264C1 (de) 1997-09-18
DE59710599D1 (de) 2003-09-25
ATE247802T1 (de) 2003-09-15

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