EP0807052A1 - Dispositif flottant - Google Patents

Dispositif flottant

Info

Publication number
EP0807052A1
EP0807052A1 EP95909138A EP95909138A EP0807052A1 EP 0807052 A1 EP0807052 A1 EP 0807052A1 EP 95909138 A EP95909138 A EP 95909138A EP 95909138 A EP95909138 A EP 95909138A EP 0807052 A1 EP0807052 A1 EP 0807052A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steel
column
concrete
floater
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95909138A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hakon C. Pedersen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kvaerner AS
Original Assignee
Kvaerner AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kvaerner AS filed Critical Kvaerner AS
Publication of EP0807052A1 publication Critical patent/EP0807052A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/107—Semi-submersibles; Small waterline area multiple hull vessels and the like, e.g. SWATH
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B5/00—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material
    • B63B5/14—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B75/00—Building or assembling floating offshore structures, e.g. semi-submersible platforms, SPAR platforms or wind turbine platforms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B2001/128—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising underwater connectors between the hulls

Definitions

  • the Invention relates to a floater, having a submerged buoyancy section of concrete, a column section comprising one or a plurality of concrete column(s) protruding up from the buoyancy section, and a deck section of steel supported above the surface of the water by the column section, said one or said plurality of concrete column(s) being extended to the deck section as a hollow steel column ready for equipment.
  • a floater is an installation floating on the sea for the purpose of exploiting the resources in and below the ocean- It may be dynamically positioned or anchored.
  • Typical floaters are maritime installations such as drilling platforms, production platforms, loading buoys, etc.
  • the stability and general movement characteristics of a floater are closely connected with the height of the material centre of gravity in interaction with the centre of buoyancy and the metacentre distance above the centre of buoyancy.
  • the height of the metacentre plus the centre of buoyancy shall be defined positively greater than the height of the material centre of gravity if the floater is to achieve a satisfactory stability. It is thus clear that there will be great optimization gains connected with having the whole material centre of gravity lowered as much as possible. This also means that while the heavy structure of a concrete floater is an undisputed advantage with respect to its bottom elements, the opposite will be true with respect to the upper part of the floater.
  • a deck section formed as a steel structure contributes in a positive direction to stability.
  • This object can be achieved by exploiting the advantages of concrete, with respect to sturdiness, heaviness and corrosion resistance, in the underwater, lower parts, i.e., the portion of the floater located below the surface of the water, in combination with the elasticity/plasticity of steel and its resulting, well documented stress levelling and distribution power, in all parts above the surface of the water.
  • a floater as mentioned by way of introduction characterized in that the dividing line between concrete and steel in the column is located at a distance from the deck support (the load's point of impact) where the concentrations of stresses from the concentrated loads on the deck support (the loads' point of impact) are distributed along the shell of the steel column to a low and relatively even level.
  • the use of steel will contribute to weight reduction.
  • the area of steel/concrete interaction will be advantageously moved, providing the opportunity for a desirable utilization of a certain area where forces are distributed, extending down along the columns.
  • the dis ⁇ tribution area should in principle extend as far down the columns as possible.
  • the dividing line in a floater may advantageously be located at a distance in the magnitude range of 20 to 30 m from the deck support.
  • the interaction level may preferably be located some distance above the surface of the water, partly to prevent exposure of the interaction area to high, external water pressure and thus a theoretical danger of leakage, and partly to secure access for maintenance and corrosion inspection, procedures considered essential since the floater may last as long as 50 years.
  • the interaction steel/concrete should therefore be placed at a reasonable, yet shortest possible, distance upward from this elevation.
  • the column diameter will be about 25 m.
  • the length of the steel column should therefore be within the same magnitude range, at the same time as the concrete/steel connection should be located about 5 m above the anticipated water line, thus offering reaso ⁇ nable opportunities for periodic inspection and maintenance.
  • two separate construction sites may be used, one for the concrete part and one for the steel part. These two construc ⁇ tion sites will be able to work toward a common milestone (date) for the completion of the work.
  • the use of steel columns is instrumental in reducing the time required for completing the project, a time reduction corresponding to the reduced work load with respect to the concrete portion.
  • the concrete/steel design saves a great deal of time in addition to offering the benefits of separated construction sites, such as better general access (availabi ⁇ lity of cranes, etc.) and more space per operator, cir ⁇ cumstances which contribute to increased safety and a more efficient use of personnel and equipment, to a reduction in the number of work disciplines within a restricted area, which is of essential Importance for productivity, and to less vulnerability to design changes late In the project since the production of the steel portion starts later than that of the concrete portion.
  • a floater according to the invention will also offer the advantage that the winches of the floater's anchoring system can be mounted in one or several of said steel columns. Thus, this part of the anchoring system may be finished and ready for use as soon as the steel column is mounted.
  • Typical anchoring systems for floaters are use of ordinary slack anchoring cables or tension stays.
  • the floater according to the invention comprised two diametrically opposed steel columns mounted In the column section, since this would make possible an anchoring system where only the two mentioned steel columns were equipped with the anchoring system of the floater's buoyancy section (winches, tension devices, etc.)
  • Such a simplified anchoring system is assumed to have an independent inventive signifi ⁇ cance.
  • a floater according to the invention may have many different structural embodiments.
  • the column section may advantageously consist of a number of closely grouped columns, an embodiment which might, for example, be especial ⁇ ly appropriate for a floater planned as a loading buoy.
  • the floater according to the invention may have the type of design where the submerged floater section is incorporated in the column section.
  • the deck section may also be greatly reduced and simply consist of a top part of the column section.
  • a floater according to the invention can conceivably be built as a maritime structure where the individual floater sections cannot, in terms of appearance, be distinguished from each other.
  • Fig. 1 shows the mounting of a steel column on a concrete column
  • Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a possible embodiment of a floater according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows another possible embodiment of a floater according to the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows a partly cross-sectional view of a steel column used in the floater of Fig. 3
  • Fig. 5 shows, in an elevational view, the steel column in Fig. 4 mounted on the underlying concrete column
  • Fig. 6 shows an enlarged section from Fig. 5, taken from the interaction area con ⁇ crete/steel
  • Fig. 7 shows a corresponding section of a modified embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 the upper terminating portion of a concrete column 1 is shown.
  • This concrete column 1 represents a part of a floater and protrudes, as shown, up through the water surface 2.
  • a steel column 3 is shown while being lifted into position on top of the concrete column 1 by means of two crane barges 4, 5.
  • the combined column 1, 3 may, for example, be one of the elements of the floater shown in Fig. 2.
  • the floater in Fig. 2 is of a type where the submerged buoyancy section is incorporated in the column section, or vice versa, and no clear division thus exists between the submerged buoyancy section 6 and the floater's column section 7.
  • a deck section 8 is indicated by dotted lines. This deck section may be of many different designs and may even be so small that it practically disappears, for example, in the case of a loading buoy existing only in the form of a helicopter platform or a suitable termination of the top of the column section.
  • the floater as shown, is constructed of closely grouped columns 1, 9, 10 and 11.
  • the concrete part is cast as a continuous structure, here up to a level above the surface of the water 2, and then extends upward in the form of steel columns 3, 12, 13 and 14.
  • the dividing lines between concrete/steel are indicated by reference numerals 15, 16 and 17.
  • a floater such as this may be constructed by using two separate construction sites, one for the concrete part and one for the steel part.
  • the steel columns can be almost fully completed before they are mounted on the concrete columns (Fig. 1).
  • each steel column may be finished with all its decks ready for various mechanical equipment, and the necessary equipment may also be placed in the steel columns prior to their installation in the floater.
  • the slackly anchored floater in Fig. 2 will, as soon as the steel columns are mounted, have its anchoring system accessible.
  • the floater in Fig. 2 for example, in this case may have the necessary anchoring winches 18, 19 in Its equipped steel columns 3 and 13, so that the suggested anchorage may readily be established by means of the slack anchoring cables 20 - 23. From Fig.
  • the anchoring system conceivably can be activated by using only two steel columns, diametrically mounted in the column section viz. the steel columns 3 and 13. Moreover, it is not required that all columns should have terminating steel portions, as in Fig. 2. Thus, when it is considered useful or suitable, steel columns 12 and 14 may be omitted, and the concrete columns 9 and 11 will thus be terminated at the dividing line 16 or possibly higher or lower than this dividing line. Such a group of columns may obviously also consist of a larger or smaller number, of separate or more or less fused, columns.
  • FIG. 3 another possible embodiment of a floater according to the invention is shown, here in the form of a tension stay platform.
  • the floater in Fig. 3 has a submerged buoyancy section 25 of concrete, designed as a frame structure (seen in the plan view), having concrete columns 26, 27, 28 and 29 protruding from each corner of the frame.
  • the concrete columns 26-29 extend through the surface of the water 30 up to a certain level 32, 33, 34, 35.
  • the individual column continues as a steel column 36, 37, 38 and 39.
  • the steel columns carry supporting structures/framework 40 for supporting deck modules (not shown) and for binding the columns together.
  • the floater in Fig. 3 is a tension stay platform.
  • the necessary tension stays are indicated by reference numerals 41, 42, 43 and 44, and the handling/tigh ⁇ tening equipment for the tension cables is mounted in the respective steel columns.
  • This equipment is in Fig. 3 indicated by reference numerals 45, 46, 47 and 48.
  • the connection between the tension stays and the floater is not shown in further detail.
  • FIG. 4 A typical steel column, as used in the floater in Fig. 3, is shown in Fig. 4 in partial cross section.
  • the support structure 40 of the deck section Is such that the support of the modules (not shown) of the deck section will be eccentric in relation to the centre line of the columns of the floater. Therefore, the steel columns have in this case a special design, a reinforcement bulkhead 50 being extended from the periphery of the column and a bulkhead 51 introduced parallel to this under the support system 40 (Fig. 3).
  • two parallel bulkheads 52, 59 are introduced between the bulkhead pairs 50, 51.
  • these parallel bulkheads might be used as, for example, storage tanks for water and diesel oil, since they might be designed with considerable inner storage volume.
  • the required number of steel decks 54, 55 can be constructed inside the steel column.
  • Fig. 5 the dividing line between concrete and steel is shown, and Figs. 6 and 7 show in detail a possible interac ⁇ tion between concrete and steel , the sections being taken from the section area 56 indicated in Fig. 5.
  • the concrete column is indicated by reference numeral 27 (see also Fig. 3)
  • the steel column is indicated by reference numeral 37 (see also Fig. 3).
  • the interaction area which is shown in detail for two possible embodiment forms in respectively Figs. 6 and 7, comprises a thick steel plate 57 placed on top of and conti ⁇ nuously around the upper part of the concrete column 27. Under the steel plate there are welded bolts of reinforcement steel or other types of bolts 58, which are embedded in the concrete. The number and dimensions of these bolts will depend upon existing tensile/compressive forces. Between the bolts there is welded a shearing plate 59 continuously around the circumference. This has the triple function of receiving and transmitting horizontal shearing forces, safeguard against water leakage and, additionally, being made of H- profiles, receiving and distributing vertical compressi- ve/tensile forces.
  • Fig. 7 the connection is shown in an alternative embodiment, and the bolts are replaced by two plates of H-profiles 60.
  • the dividing line between concrete and steel in the column should ideally be positioned at a reasonable yet shortest possible distance upward, calculated from an elevation where the stresses which are due to the compressive loads from the deck section have reached a low, primarily constant, level. This elevation can be calculated, it being assumed that the compressive stresses spread down the cylindrical steel shell of the steel column in a fan shape.
  • Another second requirement which ought to be satisfied is to place the dividing line at a suitable height above the waterline of the structure, for example about 5 m above it, since such a placement will provide reasonable possibilities for inspection and mainte- nance.
  • This will be a great advantage since it is expedient to have the whole steel column accessible for inspection and maintenance even though the connection concrete/steel supposedly is sealed against leakage, taking into account that a floater can have a specified expected operational life of as much as 50 years.
  • the advantages of the concrete version are exploited with respect to sturdiness, heaviness and corrosion resistance in the underwater, lower parts, i.e., those parts of the floater that are below the surface of the water, in combination with the elasticity/plasticity of steel and its resulting, well documented power to level and distribute stress, in all parts above the surface of the water.
  • the stability and general movement characteristics are improved because the material centre of gravity is lowered as much as possible. It is also possible fully to exploit the advantage of having two building sites, including the particular advantage of having the steel parts fully equipped before the connection with the concrete structure is established.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une plate-forme flottante, faite d'une combinaison d'acier et de béton, qui possède une coque ou une partie submergée (25), en béton, assurant la flottabilité et d'où partent des colonnes en béton vers le haut (26, 27, 28, 29). Les colonnes se prolongent par des colonnes d'acier (36, 37, 38, 39) jusqu'à un pont (40) en acier. Les colonnes d'acier sont construites séparément et elles peuvent être entièrement équipées avant d'être montées et fixées sur la partie en béton.
EP95909138A 1993-08-05 1995-02-01 Dispositif flottant Withdrawn EP0807052A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO932794A NO177897C (no) 1993-08-05 1993-08-05 Flyter
PCT/NO1995/000023 WO1996023690A1 (fr) 1993-08-05 1995-02-01 Dispositif flottant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0807052A1 true EP0807052A1 (fr) 1997-11-19

Family

ID=26648431

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95909138A Withdrawn EP0807052A1 (fr) 1993-08-05 1995-02-01 Dispositif flottant

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0807052A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11503383A (fr)
AU (1) AU698598B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9510165A (fr)
DE (1) DE807052T1 (fr)
FI (1) FI973158A (fr)
NO (1) NO177897C (fr)
RU (1) RU2133690C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996023690A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE526284C2 (sv) 2003-02-18 2005-08-16 Gva Consultants Ab Semisubmersibel offshore-plattform och metoder för positionering av operationsmoduler på nämnda plattform
SE527745C2 (sv) 2004-04-02 2006-05-30 Gva Consultants Ab Ett semisubmersibelt offshore-fartyg och metoder för att positionera arbetsmoduler på sagda fartyg
MD2981G2 (ro) * 2005-09-15 2006-12-31 Технический университет Молдовы Statie hidraulica
CN101798807B (zh) * 2010-03-30 2012-04-18 中国海洋石油总公司 一种深吃水桁架立柱组合式平台
CN101844605B (zh) * 2010-05-31 2011-07-13 南通中远船务工程有限公司 一种超深海大型圆筒形钻井平台主船体的制造工艺方法
CN101857072B (zh) * 2010-06-09 2012-09-26 中国海洋石油总公司 无条件稳性整装型深吃水浮式采油平台及其海上安装方法
US9032896B2 (en) 2010-06-09 2015-05-19 China National Offshore Oil Corporation Grouting and welding combined connection joint applied to a deepwater floating type platform and an offshore installation method thereof
SE1250244A1 (sv) 2012-03-15 2013-09-16 Bassoe Technology Ab Ramformig däckboxstruktur
KR101491660B1 (ko) * 2013-03-22 2015-02-09 삼성중공업 주식회사 이동식 지지 장치
CN104328774B (zh) * 2014-09-28 2016-02-10 中国海洋石油总公司 大型组块的荷载转移装置
FR3064695B1 (fr) * 2017-03-28 2019-06-14 Dcns Energies Flotteur hybride d'eolienne offshore
FR3064694B1 (fr) * 2017-03-28 2019-06-14 Dcns Energies Flotteur hybride d'eolienne
FR3065038B1 (fr) * 2017-04-07 2019-06-21 Dcns Energies Flotteur par exemple d'eolienne offshore
WO2022173854A1 (fr) * 2021-02-09 2022-08-18 Exmar Offshore Company Système de treillis et procédés d'utilisation de celui-ci pour des plates-formes en mer
EP4324735A1 (fr) * 2022-08-19 2024-02-21 SolarDuck Holding B.V. Structure flottante

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO773076L (no) * 1977-09-06 1979-03-07 Moss Rosenberg Verft As Flytende anlegg for off-shore flytendegjoering, mellomlagring og lasting av lng
NO823489L (no) * 1982-10-20 1984-04-24 Kvaerner Eng Flytende offshore-plattform.
NO841671L (no) * 1984-04-27 1985-10-28 Jan Stageboe Strekkstagplattform (tlp) av betong.
NO173816C (no) * 1991-09-10 1994-02-09 Kvaerner Rosenberg As Fremgangsmaate ved oppbygging av en offshore-konstruksjon

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9623690A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO932794D0 (no) 1993-08-05
FI973158A (fi) 1997-09-02
NO932794L (no) 1995-02-06
AU698598B2 (en) 1998-11-05
FI973158A0 (fi) 1997-07-30
AU1719395A (en) 1996-08-21
NO177897B (no) 1995-09-04
JPH11503383A (ja) 1999-03-26
NO177897C (no) 1996-02-20
RU2133690C1 (ru) 1999-07-27
BR9510165A (pt) 1998-06-02
DE807052T1 (de) 1998-03-26
WO1996023690A1 (fr) 1996-08-08

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