EP0803017B1 - Structural element - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a component, in particular for Roof ceilings, for soundproof walls and the like, with a plate or sheet-shaped carrier and a top layer arranged essentially parallel to each other Natural straws, each with one end attached to the carrier are.

Such components are generally known and are used for example for roofing, see for example EP-A-0 546 276. The on roofs covered this way are supposed to look like those on traditional thatched thatched roofs look like the natural straws by hand directly on a suitable roof substructure be attached.

Traditional thatched roofs have due to their dense Natural straw top layer is voluminous and aesthetically pleasing appearance. The disadvantages are the complex laying and the high risk of fire.

The difficulty with prefabricated components made from natural straws consists in training the components so that the roofs covered with it have the same physical properties for example with regard to water resistance, Thermal insulation etc. as the traditional thatched roofs and at the same time look like them.

It is an object of the invention to provide a component that with a simple construction, a dense natural straw cover layer has and is versatile.

According to the invention, this task is essentially accomplished solved that the natural straws are combined in levels and end are held in a pocket that at least has a retaining tab attached to the carrier that a large number of such natural straw plains directly adjacent to one another and essentially parallel to each other on Carrier is fixed, and that the inclination of the natural straw levels and thus the packing density of the cover layer due to the holding tab inclination is specified.

The cover layer of the component according to the invention consists So from a multitude of scales that overlap Layers of natural straws lying side by side and pointing therefore a high packing density. One with these components covered roof looks like a traditional one Thatched roof, because of the carrier, pockets and holding straps existing substructure from the dense natural straw pack is covered.

In terms of building physics, too, one with the components according to Invention covered roof at least a traditional thatched roof Equal, as there are no holes or the like in the carrier requiring attachment of the receiving pockets is waterproof by means of retaining tabs and with the compact natural straw top layer for good thermal insulation provides.

In addition, by making carriers, receiving bags and retaining tabs made of flame retardant or flame retardant Material the fire risk compared to the traditional Thatched roof can be significantly reduced.

The compact cover layer also creates a good one Soundproofing and therefore allows advantageously also the use of the component according to the invention for Noise barriers.

Another advantage is that the manufacture of the carrier separate from that of the receiving pockets and from the attachment the natural straws can be placed in the pockets, which is a particularly efficient production of the invention Component allows.

The inclination of the natural straw planes with respect to the carrier is each by the angle between that attached to the carrier Holding tab and the receiving pocket determined. The provision a support element on the carrier according to a preferred Development of the invention causes one of the receiving pockets and thus the corresponding level of natural straw directly is supported by the support element, whereby this receiving pocket has a fixed inclination with respect to the carrier and as a support for the other pockets or natural straw layers.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are in specified in the subclaims.

Figur 1

eine Seitenansicht einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauelementes, das auf einem Dach angeordnet ist,

Figur 2

eine Draufsicht in Richtung der Naturhalmlängsachsen auf eine Ausführungsform einer Aufnahmetasche eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauelementes, und

Figur 3

eine Ansicht entsprechend Figur 2 auf eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Aufnahmetasche eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauelementes.

The invention is described below by way of example with reference to the drawing; in this shows:

Figure 1

2 shows a side view of an embodiment of a component according to the invention which is arranged on a roof,

Figure 2

a plan view in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the straw on an embodiment of a receiving pocket of a component according to the invention, and

Figure 3

a view corresponding to Figure 2 of a further embodiment of a receiving pocket of a component according to the invention.

According to Figure 1 is a component designed according to the invention 1 on a merely indicated roof or one suitable roof substructure 9 arranged. The component 1 consists essentially of a carrier 2 on the roof 9, for example, like a conventional roof tile or the like is attached, and a cover layer 3 from natural straws 4. The carrier 2 can be square or rectangular plate or web-shaped.

The cover layer 3 comprises a plurality of levels 5 which each consisting essentially of one or more individual layers Natural straws 4 arranged parallel to each other.

Between the two upper and lower natural straw level 5 further levels are provided, the clarity in Figure 1 for the sake of not being drawn.

The natural straws 4 are attached to the carrier 2 by means of Receiving pockets 6, each fixed to the carrier 2 with one Retaining tab 7 are provided.

The receiving pockets 6 are at a short distance from one another arranged, extend across the carrier 2 in a row essentially perpendicular to the natural straws 4 and thus approximately parallel to a ridge not shown in Figure 1 and take one end of each forming a level 5 Natural straws 4. The latter are for example Gluing or sewing to the walls of the receiving pockets 6 held in this.

Two strip elements 6a, b, each with a pocket Set 6 are on a common attachment area connected to the retaining tab 7 and form a channel-shaped Recording space for the ends of the corresponding level 5 assigned natural straws 4. This recording room expanded approximately U-shaped from the attachment area.

The inclination of each natural straw plane 5 with respect to the beam 2 is by the angle between the retaining tab 7 and the receiving pocket 6 determined so that when using a rigid arrangement with a predetermined angle between the retaining tab 7 and Recording pocket 6 the component 1 in question for one Preset natural straw plane inclination for each application having.

However, a support element 8 is preferably used, which is attached to the lower edge of the carrier 2 and the lowest receiving pocket 6 or the corresponding natural straw level 5 is supported, on which in turn the rest Support layers of natural straw so that a dense top layer 3 scales of natural straw layered on top of each other 5 arises. Depending on the size of the carrier 2, several can Support elements 8 are used.

The provision of support elements 8 enables an articulated Formation of the connection between the receiving pocket 6 and the retaining tab 7, so that the arrangement of holding tab 7, receiving pocket 6 and level 5 of natural straw by selecting one accordingly trained support element 8 on each desired inclination with respect to the carrier 2 is set can be.

Especially when used as a roof covering according to FIG. 1 can thus the components 1 of the invention for everyone Roof slopes to the building physics and / or to be achieved optical effect can be adjusted.

So that to form a tight overall roof covering individual Carrier 2 can be arranged overlapping on the roof 9 a free edge area 2a is provided, which is not is covered by the cover layer 3. With sufficient beam thickness it is also possible to use the end faces of the carrier 2 Form tongue or groove and the cover layer 3 on the to provide the entire support surface.

Figures 2 and 3 show embodiments of a receiving pocket 6 for a component according to the invention. To recognize are those that run essentially parallel to each other Strip elements 6a, b and those arranged in between Natural straws 4.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 2 there is the natural straw plane 5 from a single layer 5a essentially parallel Natural straws 4. The retaining tab 7 of this embodiment comprises two individual tabs 7a, each at one end of the Recording pocket 6 are attached. If necessary, you can further individual tabs spaced apart along the Recording pocket 6 are arranged.

In the embodiment of a receiving pocket shown in Figure 3 6 for a component according to the invention the natural straw level 5 two individual layers 5a of natural straws 4, the blades 4 of a single layer 5a are offset in parallel extend to the straws 4 of the other individual layer 5a. This arrangement of the natural straws 4 on gap leaves a special dense natural straw level 5 arise, so that with a Many such layers of natural straw 5 with a top layer particularly high packing density can be achieved.

The retaining tab 7 of the embodiment according to FIG. 3 is as continuous, extending along the entire receiving pocket 6 Stripes formed.

The natural straws 4 of the component 1 according to the invention are Cut blades of reed, reed and / or china grass and / or other suitable reed-like species or Varieties.

For the carrier 2, the receiving pockets 6 and the holding tabs 7 is preferably waterproof, flexible, flame retardant and / or flame retardant material used. The carrier 2, the receiving pockets 6 and / or the holding tabs 7 are made of sheet metal, for example, the attachment of the retaining tabs 7 on the carrier by gluing, stapling, welding and / or soldering can.

For the carrier 2, for example, a mineral material such as concrete gas, concrete tiles, etc. are used in which the receiving pockets 6 are fixed or embedded. The holding tabs 7 can then optionally be dispensed with become.

In particular when using the component according to the invention 1 for roofing, the carrier 2 for training of ridges, ridges and the like from a permanently plastic or permanently elastic material such as Glass fiber mats are made on roofing felt. The Art and way of attaching the receiving pockets 6 and Retaining tabs 7 on the carrier 2 is then used by the particular one Carrier material determined.

Instead of the separately manufactured as described above and attachable to the carrier 2 by means of retaining tabs 7 Recording pockets 6 can be pocket-like recordings for the Natural straw ends also formed by such a carrier be made up of two essentially parallel and from each other slightly spaced single panels or sheets is constructed, with a single plate or web with Slots or the like is provided, in which the stalk ends are insertable.

The component according to the invention is except as a roof covering element for example for the construction of soundproof walls used.

Claims (13)

1. A building element, in particular for the covering of roofs, for sound insulating walls and the like, comprising a plate-like or sheet-like carrier (2) and a top layer (3) made of natural reeds (4) arranged substantially parallel to one another and respectively secured to the carrier (2) at one end,
   characterised in that the natural reeds (4) are combined in planes (5) and are held at the ends in a reception pocket (6) which has at least one holding tab (7) secured to the carrier (2);
   in that a plurality of such natural reed planes (5) are fixed to the carrier (2) in a directly adjoining manner and substantially parallel to one another; and
   in that the inclination of the natural reed planes (5), and thus the packing density of the top layer (3), is pre-set by the inclination of the holding tab.
2. A building element in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that at least some of the holding tabs (7) are made in strip-like manner and extend substantially perpendicular to the natural reeds (4) along the reception pocket (6), preferably over its whole length.
3. A building element in accordance with claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that at least some of the holding tabs (7) include a plurality of individual tabs (7a) which are arranged spaced from one another along the reception pocket (6).
4. A building element in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the carrier (2) has at least one support element (8) which directly supports one of the reception pockets (6) and thereby fixes the inclination of at least some of the natural reed planes (5).
5. A building element in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the reception pockets (6) consist substantially of two strip elements (6a, b) extending approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the natural reeds and forming a passage-like reception area for the natural reed ends which broaden from a common securing zone at the holding tab (7) in particular in a V or U shape.
6. A building element in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least some of the natural reed planes (5) each consist of a single layer (5a) of natural reed.
7. A building element in accordance with claims 1 to 6, characterised in that at least some of the natural reed planes (5) each consist of a plurality of individual layers (5a) of natural reed and the natural reeds (4) of individual layers (5a) are preferably arranged at the gaps of an adjacent layer.
8. A building element in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the carrier (2) has at least one free edge region (2a) not covered by the top layer (3).
9. A building element in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the ends of the carrier (2) are each formed as a tongue and groove.
10. A building element in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the holding tabs (7) are secured to the carrier (2) by bonding and/or by tacking and/or by welding and/or by soldering.
11. A building element in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the natural reeds (4) are held in the reception pockets (6) by bonding and/or sewing.
12. A building element in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the natural reeds (4) are produced from reed grass, rushes and/or China grass and/or other suitable reed-like species and/or breeds.
13. A building element in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the carrier (2), the reception pockets (6) and/or the holding tabs (7) are made of a material which is impermeable to water, flexible, permanently elastic, permanently plastic, inflammable and/or flame retardant.

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