EP0801268B1 - Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Gasturbinenbrennkammer - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Gasturbinenbrennkammer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0801268B1 EP0801268B1 EP97810159A EP97810159A EP0801268B1 EP 0801268 B1 EP0801268 B1 EP 0801268B1 EP 97810159 A EP97810159 A EP 97810159A EP 97810159 A EP97810159 A EP 97810159A EP 0801268 B1 EP0801268 B1 EP 0801268B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- fuel mixture
- mixing section
- combustion chamber
- recirculation zones
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/34—Feeding into different combustion zones
- F23R3/343—Pilot flames, i.e. fuel nozzles or injectors using only a very small proportion of the total fuel to insure continuous combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/00015—Pilot burners specially adapted for low load or transient conditions, e.g. for increasing stability
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for operating a combustion chamber according to Preamble of claim 1.
- US-A-3,879,939 describes an input diffuser of an annular combustion chamber a premix of the fuel and the combustion air.
- the invention seeks to remedy this.
- the invention how it is characterized in the claims, the task lies based on a method for operating a combustion chamber of the type mentioned To propose measures that cover all load ranges effective combustion stabilization of the premix flame guarantee throughout the operation.
- part of what is formed therein becomes Air / fuel mixture branched off and into the outer recirculation zones mixed.
- the place of this interference is chosen so that a complete mixing of that Part of the branched mixture inside Recirculation zones with the hot gas stream recirculating there reached from the combustion within the combustion chamber before the outer recirculation zones with the rest Part of the air / fuel mixture from the mixing section come into contact.
- This ensures that a advantageous mixture ratio of air / fuel mixture and sets hot gas in the recirculation zones, and that branched air / fuel mixture in the manner of a self-igniting Pilot flame the stability of the flame front essential improved.
- the reason for the advantage under a) is that compared to a conventional mixture using shear layers between air / fuel mixture and recirculating Hot gas leading to a maximum of the probability density distribution the volume ratio between the two mentioned Media performs at about 50%, the inventive procedure the admixture of the air / fuel mixture in the external recirculation zones guaranteed such at about 30%. Based on measurements of the correlated autoignition times with the different probability density distributions for the different media it has been shown that a distribution with a maximum at 30% Air / fuel mixture within the outer recirculation zones the ignition delay time is an order of magnitude smaller fails, compared to those with a distribution with one Maximum at 50%.
- the only figure shows the final phase of one Mixing section with subsequent combustion chamber.
- the figure shows, as from the schematically drawn shaft axis 15 emerges, designed as an annular combustion chamber 1 Combustion chamber, which essentially consists of a coherent annular or quasi-annular cylinder.
- the combustion chamber can, however, also be made up of a number of axially, arranged quasi-axially or helically around said axis and individually exist in self-contained combustion chambers.
- a combustion chamber that consists of a single combustion chamber exists in the form shown is also possible.
- the present Annular combustion chamber 1 is arranged downstream of a mixing section 2, this mixing section without further component of a premix burner, as described, for example, in EP-0 321 809 B1.
- Mixing section 2 from which a swirl flow is provided will be part of a mixing tube, for example acts downstream of the aforementioned premix burner. in principle is within this mixing section 2 in the narrow or another sense about the formation of an air / fuel mixture for the subsequent combustion, such that this combustion then with minimized pollutant emissions, expires particularly in terms of NOx emissions.
- a combustion chamber 3 connects to the end of the mixing section 2, such that the transition between the two flow paths formed by a radial cross-sectional jump 5 which is initially the flow cross section of the combustion chamber 3 induced, this flow cross-section 2-10 times of the outlet cross section of the mixing section 2.
- the diameter of the Flow channels 4 which are approximately at an angle of 30-60 °, preferably 45 °, with respect to the shaft axis 15, so that they are roughly parallel to the wall streamlines of the Swirl flow is 3-8%, preferably 5% of the hydraulic diameter of the mixing section 2.
- the number of Flow channels 4 result from the mass flow ratio between the main flow and the secondary flow of the air / fuel mixture, where the mass flow ratio is approximately the area ratio of the two currents.
- the distance of the Flow channels 4 to the mixing section are preferably approximately 10% of the hydraulic diameter of the mixing section 2.
- Das Air / fuel mixture 9 through the flow channels 4 can be enriched with an additional fuel 6 by for example, one provided with holes 18 Ring line 19 in each flow channel 4 said fuel 6 is introduced, which then a reinforced and safe pilot flame in the outer recirculation zones 10 acts, which causes even in the transient Areas with minimized pollutant emissions lean deletion limit can be targeted.
- This allows the operating area from lean premix burners also to load ranges be expanded below 40%.
- the hot gases 13 a not shown act on downstream turbine 14, the one shown here Combustion chamber 1 easily on the low pressure side built on a sequential combustion gas turbine group can be arranged and after an auto-ignition process is operable.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Description
- 1
- Brennkammer
- 2
- Mischstrecke
- 3
- Brennraum
- 4
- Durchflusskanäle
- 5
- Querschnittssprung
- 6
- Brennstoff
- 7
- Kontraktion
- 8
- Gesamtes Luft/Brennstoff-Gemisch
- 9
- Teilströmung des Luft/Brennstoff-Gemisches
- 10
- Äussere Rezirkulationszone
- 11
- Wirbelablösungen
- 12
- Rückströmzone, Vormischflamme, Flammenfront
- 13
- Heissgase
- 14
- Turbine
- 15
- Achse Rotorwelle, Wellenachse
- 16
- Hauptstrom des Luft/Brennstoff-Gemisches
- 17
- Rezirkulierende Heissgase
- 18
- Bohrungen
- 19
- Ringleitung
- 20
- Flammenfront
Claims (6)
- Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkammer (1) einer Gasturbogruppe, wobeidadurch gekennzeichnet, dassin einer Mischstrecke (2) Luft und Brennstoff zu einem Luft/Brennstoff-Gemisch (8) vermischt wird unddas Luft/Brennstoff-Gemisch (8) in einen nachgeschalteten Brennraum (3) geleitet und in dem Brennraum (3) unter Bildung einer Flammenfront (20) verbrannt wird, wobei am Übergang zwischen Mischstrecke (2) und Brennraum (1) ein Querschnittssprung (5) vorhanden ist,wobei sich in dem Brennraum (3) gegenüber dem Durchflussquerschnitt der Mischstrecke äussere Rezirkulationszonen (10) bilden, undwobei ein Teil des Luft/Brennstoff-Gemischs (8) aus der Mischstrecke (2) in die äusseren Rezirkulationszonen (10) geleitet wird,durch das in die äusseren Rezirkulationszonen (10) eingeleitete Luft/Brennstoff-Gemisch (8) eine die Flammenfront (20) stabilisierende Pilotflamme gebildet wird, die sich selbstständig entzündet.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
in die äusseren Rezirkulationszonen (10) 10 bis 30% des gesamten Luft/Brennstoff-Gemisch (9) der Mischstrecke (2) strömen. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
dem in die äusseren Rezirkulationszonen (10) eingeleiteten Luft/Brennstoff-Gemisch ein zusätzlicher Brennstoff (6) zugeführt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der zusätzliche Brennstoff (6) über eine mit Bohrungen (18) versehene Ringleitung (19) zugeführt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Luft/Brennstoff-Gemisch(8) in der Mischstrecke (2) verdrallt austritt. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Brennkammer (1) als Ringbrennkammer betrieben wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19614001A DE19614001A1 (de) | 1996-04-09 | 1996-04-09 | Brennkammer |
| DE19614001 | 1996-04-09 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0801268A2 EP0801268A2 (de) | 1997-10-15 |
| EP0801268A3 EP0801268A3 (de) | 1999-07-14 |
| EP0801268B1 true EP0801268B1 (de) | 2003-12-10 |
Family
ID=7790796
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97810159A Expired - Lifetime EP0801268B1 (de) | 1996-04-09 | 1997-03-18 | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Gasturbinenbrennkammer |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5885068A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0801268B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP3907779B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1165937A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19614001A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE59810347D1 (de) | 1998-09-10 | 2004-01-15 | Alstom Switzerland Ltd | Schwingungsdämpfung in Brennkammern |
| EP0994300B1 (de) * | 1998-10-14 | 2003-11-26 | ALSTOM (Switzerland) Ltd | Brenner für den Betrieb eines Wärmeerzeugers |
| DE19855034A1 (de) * | 1998-11-28 | 2000-05-31 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Verfahren zum Beschicken eines Brenners für Gasturbinen mit Pilotgas |
| US6295801B1 (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2001-10-02 | General Electric Company | Fuel injector bar for gas turbine engine combustor having trapped vortex cavity |
| US6286298B1 (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2001-09-11 | General Electric Company | Apparatus and method for rich-quench-lean (RQL) concept in a gas turbine engine combustor having trapped vortex cavity |
| JP2005516141A (ja) * | 2001-10-26 | 2005-06-02 | アルストム テクノロジー リミテッド | 高排気ガス再循環率で動作するように構成したガスタービンとその動作方法 |
| AU2003240374A1 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-03-19 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Hybrid burner and corresponding operating method |
| ITMI20032621A1 (it) * | 2003-12-30 | 2005-06-30 | Nuovo Pignone Spa | Sistema di combustione a basse emissioni inquinanti |
| US20060107667A1 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2006-05-25 | Haynes Joel M | Trapped vortex combustor cavity manifold for gas turbine engine |
| WO2006069861A1 (de) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-07-06 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Vormischbrenner mit mischstrecke |
| US20070204624A1 (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2007-09-06 | Smith Kenneth O | Fuel injector for a turbine engine |
| DE102006041955A1 (de) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-20 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Verfahren zur Steuerung der Verbrennung in einer Brennkammer und Brennkammervorrichtung |
| EP1950494A1 (de) * | 2007-01-29 | 2008-07-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Brennkammer für eine Gasturbine |
| EP2107312A1 (de) * | 2008-04-01 | 2009-10-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Pilotverbrennkammer in einem Brenner |
| FR2940865B1 (fr) | 2009-01-08 | 2011-04-01 | Augier | Procede et systeme de transmission de l'energie electrique |
| CN101776283B (zh) * | 2009-01-13 | 2012-06-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | 带射流注入的火焰稳定装置 |
| CN102877984B (zh) * | 2012-10-24 | 2014-12-03 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种带前缘气缝结构的超燃冲压发动机火焰稳定装置 |
| EP2889542B1 (de) * | 2013-12-24 | 2019-11-13 | Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG | Verfahren zum betrieb einer brennkammer für eine gasturbine und brennkammer für eine gasturbine |
| CN104566460A (zh) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 北京华清燃气轮机与煤气化联合循环工程技术有限公司 | 一种具有突扩通道的燃料空气混合器 |
| CN108006695B (zh) * | 2016-11-01 | 2019-12-06 | 北京华清燃气轮机与煤气化联合循环工程技术有限公司 | 优化用于燃气轮机的预混合燃料喷嘴的方法 |
| US11174792B2 (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2021-11-16 | General Electric Company | System and method for high frequency acoustic dampers with baffles |
| US11156164B2 (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2021-10-26 | General Electric Company | System and method for high frequency accoustic dampers with caps |
| FR3099546B1 (fr) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-08-06 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Chambre de combustion comportant des systèmes d'injection secondaires injectant de l'air et du carburant directement dans des zones de recirculation de coin, turbomachine la comprenant, et procédé d'alimentation en carburant de celle-ci |
| CN112128975B (zh) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-11-09 | 郑州釜鼎热能技术有限公司 | 一种空煤气上喷卷吸高温烟气蓄热体中燃烧与传热的热风炉 |
| CN112984500B (zh) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-12-06 | 杭州聚能环保科技股份有限公司 | 一种卧式单炉胆煤粉锅炉 |
| CN113279857B (zh) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-03-15 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | 一种适用于无人飞行器的高推重比燃气涡轮发生器 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3879939A (en) * | 1973-04-18 | 1975-04-29 | United Aircraft Corp | Combustion inlet diffuser employing boundary layer flow straightening vanes |
| DE2460740C3 (de) * | 1974-12-21 | 1980-09-18 | Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Muenchen Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen | Brennkammer für Gasturbinentriebwerke |
| US4395223A (en) * | 1978-06-09 | 1983-07-26 | Hitachi Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd. | Multi-stage combustion method for inhibiting formation of nitrogen oxides |
| US4488869A (en) * | 1982-07-06 | 1984-12-18 | Coen Company, Inc. | High efficiency, low NOX emitting, staged combustion burner |
| JPS6057131A (ja) * | 1983-09-08 | 1985-04-02 | Hitachi Ltd | ガスタ−ビン燃焼器の燃料供給方法 |
| CH674561A5 (de) * | 1987-12-21 | 1990-06-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | |
| US5359847B1 (en) * | 1993-06-01 | 1996-04-09 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Dual fuel ultra-flow nox combustor |
| DE4408136A1 (de) * | 1994-03-10 | 1995-09-14 | Bmw Rolls Royce Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kraftstoff-Aufbereitung für eine Gasturbinen-Brennkammer |
| DE4426351B4 (de) * | 1994-07-25 | 2006-04-06 | Alstom | Brennkammer für eine Gasturbine |
| US5638682A (en) * | 1994-09-23 | 1997-06-17 | General Electric Company | Air fuel mixer for gas turbine combustor having slots at downstream end of mixing duct |
-
1996
- 1996-04-09 DE DE19614001A patent/DE19614001A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-03-18 DE DE59711087T patent/DE59711087D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-18 EP EP97810159A patent/EP0801268B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-31 US US08/828,540 patent/US5885068A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-09 JP JP09037997A patent/JP3907779B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-09 CN CN97110271A patent/CN1165937A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0801268A2 (de) | 1997-10-15 |
| US5885068A (en) | 1999-03-23 |
| CN1165937A (zh) | 1997-11-26 |
| DE19614001A1 (de) | 1997-10-16 |
| JPH1038275A (ja) | 1998-02-13 |
| DE59711087D1 (de) | 2004-01-22 |
| JP3907779B2 (ja) | 2007-04-18 |
| EP0801268A3 (de) | 1999-07-14 |
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