EP0801158A1 - Sensor for the working distance of card clothings - Google Patents

Abstract

The carding machine has at least one sensor to monitor the effective working gap of at least one card clothing. The gap is scanned from the side of the working width. The sensor generates a beam from a mounting at one side of the working width, aligned through the card working zone. Also claimed is an assembly, and an adjustment system to set the gap between a card clothing and a facing component (13), where the mantle surface (T') of the clothing is taken as the reference surface. The gap (KA) between the component (13) and the surface (T') is monitored without contact. The position of the component (13) in relation to the clothing is altered by an actuator (50) if necessary, to correct any deviation from a nominal value for the gap (KA).

Description

The invention relates to a sensor with which the working distance of card clothing (also called _" carding gap") can be measured, ie the effective distance of the tips of a clothing from a machine element opposite the clothing. The last-mentioned element can also have a clothing, but could instead be formed by a shuttering segment having a contact surface. The invention is designed in particular for measuring the working distance between the drum and the covers of a revolving cover assembly, but is not restricted to this.

The invention also deals with a regulation for "on-line" influencing the "carding gap", i.e. without interrupting the work of the card. The invention is particularly, but not exclusively, designed for use in the revolving card.

Meaning of the carding gap / starting position:

The carding gap is decisive for the carding quality.

The carding gap is the distance between a clothing and an element opposite the clothing. The size (width) of the carding gap is an essential machine parameter, which shapes both the technology (fiber processing) and the running behavior of the machine. The carding gap is set as closely as possible (it is measured in tenths of a millimeter) without taking the risk of a "collision" of the working elements. To ensure uniform processing of the fibers, the gap must be as uniform as possible over the entire working width of the machine. The working width of the conventional revolving flat card is approximately one meter, although wider cards have been proposed.

The carding gap is fundamentally influenced by two factors, namely the machine settings on the one hand and the condition of the clothing on the other.

The most important carding gap of the revolving card is in the main carding zone, i.e. between the drum and the revolving cover assembly. This gap has been set for decades using a so-called flexible arch. However, the adjustment work requires specially trained maintenance personnel and the machine cannot continue to run during the re-adjustment. The readjustment therefore normally only takes place when re-garnishing the machine or with a clothing service, i.e. after working intervals from a few months to two years. It is known that the carding work could be "optimized" by the "on-line" setting of the machine elements insofar as the inevitable changes in the condition of the clothing are at least partially compensated for by correspondingly adjusting the machine settings.

State of the art with regard to carding gap sensors:

DE-C-29 48 825 proposes (column 7, lines 15 to 22) to measure a distance (labeled "a") in the card directly. From the description of this distance "a" (column 4, lines 55 to 57) it is not possible to determine exactly whether or not it is the working distance in the aforementioned sense. In any case, there is no information on how the desired result could be achieved.

A similar task has been taken up again in DE-A-42 35 610. In this case, a measuring sensor should be provided in the garnished area. The sensor generates a measuring field which extends in the direction of one set, the "height" of the sensor being predetermined in relation to the other set. It is unclear how the system should react to changes in the second set (eg to wear) (cf. FIGS. 2 and 4C of DE-A-42 35 610).

The task of sensors:

A "set" consists of a large number of individual projections ("tips") which protrude from a carrier surface into the working area of the card (see manual of textile production, volume 2: cleaning and carding - The Textile Institute, author: W. Klein ). These peaks have the highest possible "density", yet do not form a continuous surface that can be scanned as such

The working distances between the sets of a modern card are very small (you measure them in tenths of a millimeter) and you strive to further reduce them. The working width of the card (i.e. the width of the garnished areas where fibers should be processed as evenly as possible) is approximately one meter or more. The working distance should be the same across the entire working width.

At least one set that is adjacent to the working distance is in motion, usually both. In order to increase the production of the card, one tries to choose the operating speed or the operating speed of the movable elements as high as the technology of the fiber processing allows.

The working distance changes depending on the operating conditions, as already explained in the above-mentioned prior art. A repetition of the explanation can be omitted here, since it is known to any expert anyway. The change takes place in the radial direction (starting from the axis of rotation of the drum).

Quite apart from the small dimensions of the working distances to be measured, the space in the card is scarce.

The invention in the field of _" sensors":

This invention is based on findings on the subject of "sensors" that it is only possible to infer the effective working distance if this distance is scanned "from the side" (the working width). This is because the variability of the measuring distance - you have to observe it in a direction that is transverse to the "direction of change".

It is desirable to have a tactile device that is effective from side to side across the entire working width, although it is of course necessary to work without contact. Such a requirement can only be met with one beam, e.g. with a light beam, in particular with a laser beam. The beam could be directed through the work area such that it is partially dispersed (or "blocked") by the elements adjacent to the working distance, using the amount of diffusion or the remaining light as a measure of the distance to be measured.

The measuring principle mentioned, however, places very high demands both on the accuracy of the alignment of the measuring device and on the evaluation of the signals obtained. Devices that can meet such requirements are mostly sensitive to environmental influences, e.g. Vibrations, temperature, dust content in the ambient air, flying, etc. It is therefore possible that they will prove to be too sturdy for long-term use in a spinning mill, but this will result in short-term use e.g. does not rule out when starting up the machine (specifying basic settings) or when maintaining or waiting (re-installing).

A relatively robust device will not be able to "penetrate" into the work area, ie it can only scan the conditions in the side zones of the work area. If these conditions are representative of the entire work area, the entire task can be solved. The results from a page zone can at best be supplemented by results obtained by other means, for example by a method according to DE-A-42 35 610. Finally, it can also prove useful to solve only a subtask.

A relatively robust device that is only suitable for observing a side zone can e.g. include a camera that works with an evaluation that enables image analysis. A possible problem is that, as already mentioned, a set (also from the side) does not form a continuous (closed) area, which could make image analysis considerably more difficult. This problem could be alleviated by the fact that the "aperture" of the camera (whether mechanical or electronic) is chosen so slowly in comparison to the speed of movement of the clothing elements that the elements nevertheless form a (sufficiently) closed surface in the resulting image. The same effect could be achieved by sequentially snapping images to create the composite image to be analyzed, which is easily possible with an electronic evaluation. What is important for this is the digitization of the image signals and their storage. The appropriate devices should preferably be prepared for the evaluation - the corresponding devices should preferably be provided in the evaluation.

State of the art regarding re-adjustment:

The concept of "continuous" readjustment is listed in DE-C-29 48 825, according to which a working distance is changed as a function of a size that is related to the dimensions of a carding cylinder (with the reel diameter), this size being a "distance a "(Column 7, line 18). The continuous adjustment of the revolving lid assembly is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. However, the writing rather advises against trying to measure the distance "a" (column 7, lines 28 to 31).

EP-C-384 297 and DE-A-42 35 610 mainly deal with the problem of measuring sizes which are important for the assessment of a carding gap. A regulation for the carding gap is mentioned in both documents, although there are no concrete suggestions for the implementation therein. DE-A-41 15 960 sees a system according to which the continuous adjustment is carried out on the basis of a (quality) monitoring of the product of the card.

EP-A-627 508 also deals with the problem of the measuring system, but also shows in FIGS. 12 and 13 suggestions for the actuator system that could be used to reset machine elements.

Despite these suggestions, it has not yet been possible to make the regulation ready for practical use. The remaining problems lie partly in the high effort, partly in the reliable acquisition of a relevant measurement value as a guide value for the control and partly in the high risks that would be associated with a possible malfunction. It has to be taken into account that the card has an essential task in all types of spinning preparations (no alternative, no matter which spinning process is used), that each spinning preparation comprises several cards, that it is hardly worth regulating individual cards (except for test purposes), that the cards are used more or less continuously and that one can hardly count on 100% reliability of sensors over the long term. Furthermore, in the event of a "catastrophic error", the total loss of the machine itself (with the corresponding follow-up costs) must be expected.

It is therefore understandable that more cautious "strategies" have been developed to enable "readjustment without a machine stop" without having to accept the high risks of being dependent on measurement values that are difficult to verify. Such a proposal is in WO 95/33875, according to which setting devices are provided which can be operated manually in order to bring about a predeterminable adaptation of the machine settings. The system is as secure and as accurate as the people who use it. The still unpublished patent application EP 96 101 466 dated 02.02.1966 by the applicant (USSN 08/508704 dated 28.07.95) describes a controllable actuator system which enables readjustment on the basis of guide variables which can be determined from the operating conditions of the machine, for example from the Working time and production, which affect the current status of the set. These parameters only have an indirect (indirect) connection with the carding gap, but they are easier and more reliable to determine and they allow larger safety margins to be programmed.

The invention in the field of _" adjustment":

This aspect of the invention provides a card with a clothing, an element opposite this clothing and a controllable actuator to adjust the carding gap between the clothing and the element. The card also has a programmable controller that can act on the actuators. Furthermore, the card has a sensor system which is arranged to obtain at least one measured value which is related to the carding gap, with corresponding signals being supplied to the control. Furthermore, the control is arranged in such a way that it receives or develops data which are related to the clothing condition. These individual elements are all individually known from the prior art (but not together in a single font). According to the invention, these elements are linked together by programming in such a way that the carding gap is regulated under predetermined working conditions (“framework conditions”) on the basis of the measured values supplied by the sensor system, the control system being programmed in such a way that it can override the regulation. if the framework conditions are no longer met. However, the control can also be programmed in such a way that the carding gap can be changed further by the control on the basis of control signals, at most without taking into account the measured values supplied by the sensors. In other words, the controller is programmed in such a way that it allows the regulation to apply as long as the measured values supplied by the sensor system appear "plausible". If the plausibility is no longer given, the control can switch off the control and, if necessary, take over the control of the adjustment itself.

In the preferred solution, the controller is programmed such that it defines a "delivery limit" for the regulation, which results in an undesirable reduction the carding distance (e.g. due to a measurement error, an evaluation error or a communication error).

• die Betriebsdauer seit dem letzten Wartungsvorgang,
• die Gesamtproduktion seit dem letzten Wartungsvorgang,
• die Art des verarbeiteten Materials,
• die (kumulierte) Wirkung eingebauter Wartungsgeräte (z.B. nach EP-C-565 486).

The general conditions that effectively limit the scope of the control can also be programmed into the control, whereby the control must be able to check during operation or to determine whether the conditions are met. The fulfillment of the framework conditions can preferably be determined on the basis of data which are monitored by the controller anyway (for other reasons). Such data are, for example:

• the operating time since the last maintenance process,
• the total production since the last maintenance process,
• the type of material processed,
• the (cumulative) effect of built-in maintenance devices (e.g. according to EP-C-565 486).

However, special means can be provided to generate data that directly represent the fulfillment of the framework conditions, e.g. a sensor for the achieved deviation of the adjustment system from a predetermined "basic setting".

The sensors can work according to the known principles, e.g. according to DE-C-29 48 825, or EP-C-384 297, or DE-A-42 35 610, or DE-A-41 15 968. However, the preferred sensor system works according to the principles of the aforementioned sensor system, according to which the carding distance is scanned contactless from the side of the work area.

The actuators can also work according to existing principles, e.g. according to DE-C-29 48 825, or EP-A-627 508, or (in the preferred embodiment) according to EP application no. 96 101 466 from 2.2.1996.

The set mentioned can be drawn on the reel and the carding gap to be regulated or controlled can be present in the main carding zone (between the reel set and the cover sets).

• Fig. 1 schematisch eine Ansicht einer Karde,
• Fig. 2 schematisch vier Deckelstäbe in ihrer Arbeitsstellungen gegenüber dem Tambour, wobei die dargestellten Elemente von der Seite (in der gleichen Richtung wie in Fig. 1) betrachtet werden,
• Fig. 3 schematisch einen Teil des Arbeitsbereiches der Karde nach Fig. 2 in der Umfangsrichtung (rechtwinklig zur Betrachtungsrichtung nach Fig.1 gesehen,
• Fig. 4 schematisch eine erste Anordnuny nach der Sensorik-Erfindung, als eine Modifikation der Anordnung nach Fig. 3 dargestellt,
• Fig. 5 ein Detail aus der Anordnung nach Fig. 4, von der Seite (rechtwinklig zur Fig. 4) betrachtet,
• Fig. 6 das gleiche Detail bei einer Veränderung des Kardierabstandes,
• Fig. 7 schematisch eine zweite Anordnung nach der Sensorik-Erfindung, ebenfalls als eine Modifikation der Anordnung nach Fig. 3 dargestellt,
• Fig. 8 eine schematische Darstellung der Zähne der Tambourgarnitur (von der Seite betrachtet), um die Arbeitsweise der zweiten Ausführung zu veranschaulichen,
• Fig. 9 eine Seitenansicht des Arbeitsbereiches gemäss Fig. 2, um die Arbeitsweise der zweiten Ausführung näher zu erklären,
• Fig. 10 und 11 verschiedene Möglichkeiten zum Auswerten der Bilder,
• Fig.12 eine schematische Darstellung verschiedener Möglichkeiten zum Ausnutzen der Ergebnisse, die mittels Geräte nach der Fig. 4 bzw. nach der Fig. 7 erzielt werden können,
• Fig. 13 ein Diagramm zur Erklärung einer der Möglichkeiten,
• Fig. 14 schematisch einen Flexibelbogen mit einer steuerbaren Einstellaktorik,
• Fig. 15 ein Diagramm zur Erklärung einer Möglichkeit zum Steuern die Aktorik nach Fig. 14,
• Fig. 16 eine schematische Darstellung einer erweiterten Steuerung für die Aktorik nach Fig. 14,
• Fig. 17 ein Diagramm zur Erklärung der Notwendigkeit für gewisse Einschränkungen der Regelung nach Fig. 4 bzw. 13, und
• Fig. 18 eine schematische Darstellung einer Modifikation der Anordnung nach Fig. 14 gemäss der bevorzugten Ausführung der vorliegenden Erfindung.

Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the figures of the drawings. It shows:

• 1 schematically shows a view of a card,
• 2 schematically shows four flat bars in their working positions in relation to the drum, the elements shown being viewed from the side (in the same direction as in FIG. 1),
• 3 schematically shows a part of the working area of the card according to FIG. 2 in the circumferential direction (seen at right angles to the viewing direction according to FIG. 1),
• 4 schematically shows a first arrangement according to the sensor technology invention, shown as a modification of the arrangement according to FIG. 3,
• 5 shows a detail from the arrangement according to FIG. 4, viewed from the side (at right angles to FIG. 4),
• 6 shows the same detail when changing the carding distance,
• 7 schematically shows a second arrangement according to the sensor technology invention, also shown as a modification of the arrangement according to FIG. 3,
• 8 is a schematic representation of the teeth of the drum set (viewed from the side) to illustrate the operation of the second embodiment,
• 9 is a side view of the work area of FIG. 2 to explain the operation of the second embodiment in more detail,
• 10 and 11 different ways of evaluating the images,
• 12 shows a schematic representation of various possibilities for utilizing the results that can be achieved by means of devices according to FIG. 4 or according to FIG. 7,
• 13 is a diagram for explaining one of the ways
• 14 schematically shows a flexible sheet with a controllable setting actuator,
• 15 is a diagram for explaining a possibility for controlling the actuator system according to FIG. 14,
• 16 shows a schematic illustration of an expanded control for the actuator system according to FIG. 14,
• Fig. 17 is a diagram for explaining the need for certain restrictions of the control of Fig. 4 and 13, and
• 18 shows a schematic illustration of a modification of the arrangement according to FIG. 14 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

1, a revolving flat card known per se, for example the card C50 from the applicant, is shown schematically. The fiber material is fed into the filling shaft 2 in the form of dissolved and cleaned flakes, taken over by a breeze 3 (also called licker-in) as a wadding pattern, transferred to a drum (or drum) 4 and dissolved by the cooperation of the drum with a traveling cover set 5 and cleaned. The covers of the revolving cover set 5 are guided by a suitable drive system of the revolving cover assembly via deflection rollers 6 along a closed path (in the same direction or in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the drum). Fibers from the fleece located on the reel 4 are separated from one Removed 7 and formed into a sliver 9 in an outlet section 8 consisting of different rollers. This card sliver 9 is deposited from a sliver storage 10 into a transport can 11 in cycloidal turns.

The angular range of the drum circumference, which is directly opposite the revolving flat aggregate, can be referred to as the "main carding zone", where most of the carding work is done. The angular range between the licker-in 3 and the revolving flat unit can be referred to as the “pre-carding zone” and the angular range between the revolving flat unit and the consumer 7 as the “post-carding zone”. Finally, the angular range between the pickup 7 and the licker-in 3 can be referred to as the "under-carding zone". The invention is particularly concerned with measuring the carding distance in the main carding zone and the other figures show this zone only. However, the invention is not limited to this application, it can also be used to measure the distance of the drum set from other elements opposite it, as will be explained briefly in the end.

The traveling lid set 5 comprises flat bars, which are not shown individually in FIG. 1, but are indicated in FIG. 2 with the reference number 13. Each flat bar is provided with a clothing strip 14, which in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is formed as a "semi-rigid" or flexible clothing (see the above-mentioned manual, volume 2, page 52). The drum 4 also carries a set 15, which is designed as an all-steel set with teeth 16. The (opposite) directions of movement are indicated by the arrows, the flat bars 13 also being able to move in the opposite direction (in the same direction). The area AB between the cylindrical surface 17 of the drum 4 and the lateral surface 18 formed by the flat bars 13 is referred to herein as the "work area". A flat bar 13 is in its "working position" when its clothing 14 extends into the working area AB.

The radial depth of the working area AB can be determined when designing the machine, taking certain operating influences into account. Such Influences are, for example, the operating speed of the spool, which influences the expansion of the spool under the effect of centrifugal force, and the heat generation or cooling (if present), which influences the changes in the working elements under the effects of the operating temperatures. However, the depth of the working area AB is in itself of less importance for the quality of the carding work than the "carding distance" (or the _" carding gap") KA between the tips of the clothing sets 14, 15. The carding distance KA is determined by the depth of the Working area AB influences, since the sets originate from the surfaces 17, 18, but it is also influenced by the wear that occurs at the tips themselves while the card is in operation. This wear arises partly directly from the processing of fibers, but partly also from the grinding, which has to be carried out periodically in order to ensure the predetermined quality of the carding work over the long term.

• um die Grundeinstellungen der Karde bei der Montage bzw. bei der Wartung objektiv feststellen zu können,
• um die Grösse des Kardierabstandes als Bedienungshilfe anzeigen zu können, und
• um die Grösse des Kardierabstandes regeln zu können.

It is an old wish of the card designer to be able to measure the carding distance KA without contact, for various reasons, e.g.

• in order to be able to objectively determine the basic settings of the card during assembly or maintenance,
• in order to be able to display the size of the carding distance as an operating aid, and
• to control the size of the carding distance.

None of the previous proposals has been able to convincingly fulfill this wish. New approaches for such solutions are explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 4 to 11. For the time being, the problem is explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 3.

FIG. 3 again shows the cylindrical surface 17 of the reel 4 and the outer surface 18 of the working positions of the flat bars 13, namely over the entire working width KB of the card. The working width KB of a conventional card for processing today of cotton or fibers with a corresponding pile length is approximately 1 meter. The wires 20 and the teeth 16 of the sets 14, 15 are also partially shown in FIG. 3 in order to be able to indicate the carding distance KA again schematically, it being mentioned that the ratios of the sizes in the figure had to be distorted in order to avoid the To enable representation at all. The carding distance in the main carding zone of a revolving flat card is approximately 0.2 to 0.25 mm today. It has been assumed in FIG. 3 that the tip height of both sets and the depth of the working area AB are constant over the entire working width KB. This assumption is not necessarily correct in practice.

A first embodiment according to this invention is explained below with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6, the general arrangement of the elements in FIG. 4 corresponding to the arrangement according to FIG. 3 and the same reference symbols being used wherever possible. The card according to FIG. 4 additionally comprises a laser 22 on one side S1 in order to generate a laser beam 24 which is directed from side to side of the card through the working area AB. On the other side S2, there is a receiver 26 opposite the laser 22, which outputs an output signal to an evaluation 28 as a function of the intensity of the received light beam 24. The evaluation 28 can be designed according to various principles, as explained below for both versions.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show the laser beam 24 “in cross section”, each with individual teeth 16 of the drum set and individual wires 20 of the flat rod sets. It is assumed in these figures that the beam 24 is round in cross section, but this is not essential for the invention. It is also assumed that the beam 24 remains stationary in space (opposite the card frame, not shown). FIGS. 5 and 6 differ with regard to the carding distance - the distance KAI in FIG. 5 is significantly smaller than the distance KAII in FIG. 6, because in the latter case the teeth 16, 20 have "receded" with respect to the jet 24 due to wear .

In FIG. 5, a significant proportion of the beam cross section is "blocked" by the teeth 16, 20 shown, so that a corresponding proportion of the beam 24 is scattered ( _" blocked") by the side surfaces of the clothing tips and cannot penetrate as far as the receiver 26. If you consider that neither the tips 16 of the drum set 15 nor the tips 20 of the cover sets 14 are in rows, but rather staggered, distributed over the working width, it becomes clear that the laser beam 24 can only penetrate through the distance KA and above the envelope G and below the envelope T the beam is largely extinguished. In FIG. 6, a significantly smaller part of the radiation cross section is scattered through the clothing, so that the radiation intensity perceived by the receiver 26 is much higher.

The test results would of course be falsified by movements of the beam relative to the frame (the sets) or of the receiver relative to the beam. Such movements could e.g. caused by shocks or vibrations. However, such disturbances will normally only be of short duration, while a change in the carding distance is relatively slow. The evaluation can be designed accordingly, steep signal changes can e.g. be filtered out. This also prevents the system from responding to tufts of fibers, particles such as shell parts and individual peaks that break through the envelope.

This version represents an "electronic gauge" which responds to the effective carding distance across the entire working width. Laser 22 can be energized by a driver stage (not shown) and beam 24 can be generated continuously or periodically. In the latter case, a common control (not shown) must be provided for the laser 22 and for the receiver 26 so that they can be synchronized with one another.

FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment, the general arrangement here also corresponding to that of FIG. 4 and the same reference numerals being used. In this case there is a camera 30 on the side of the card in the height of the working area AB provided. On the other side of the card, opposite the camera 30, a light source 32 can be provided, although this is not absolutely necessary since the camera can effectively only image the edge region of the working width. If there is too little light in this edge area, a light source (a flash lamp, not shown) can be provided on the same side of the card. The camera 30 takes a snapshot of the edge region opposite it, the image obtained thereby is digitized by suitable, known means 34 (shown only schematically) and the signal resulting therefrom (a sequence of "bits") is stored in a buffer memory 36. The signal can be checked by evaluating 28 predetermined patterns by means of the image analysis means which are conventional today. The patterns are explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. A camera can be provided on both sides of the card.

FIG. 8 schematically shows the teeth 16 'of a part from the outer wire winding on the reel 4 (not shown in FIG. 8). The teeth 16 'are shown by solid lines in first angular positions where they are at the moment when the "shutter" of the camera 30 is opened to snap it. A fraction of a second later, the same teeth 16 'are in the angular positions shown by dashed lines. If the diaphragm is kept open for such a long time, the teeth 16 'form an envelope curve T' due to their movement, which envelope curve T closely resembles the arrangement according to FIGS. 5 and 6. Even if the diaphragm is closed again immediately, it is possible to form the envelope curve by opening it again in order to snap the teeth 16 'into their second angular positions, the second image being "placed" on the first image in the evaluation . This process can be repeated as many times as necessary to build up the required "continuity" of the envelope T '. If, however, the evaluation can take on additional tasks, it is not even necessary to build up the envelope curve T ', rather it can be "constructed" by evaluating the position of the tooth tips in the analyzed image.

The envelope curves T and T 'differ in any case in that the curve T' is formed only by the marginal teeth 16 ', while many tips of the clothing 15 contribute to the envelope curve T. If, however, the marginal teeth 16 'are representative of the working conditions across the entire width AB, the envelope curves T and T' can be regarded as effectively identical.

FIG. 9 schematically shows the "image section" (or the _" viewfinder") 40 of the camera 30, as well as the marginal teeth 16 'and marginal wires 20' which are in the field of view of the camera 30 when the aperture is opened. The "bezel" here may include a mechanical device, but may alternatively be formed by an electronic device that changes the state of the camera 30 to allow a snapshot. The frame 40 is shown as square, but this is of no importance for the invention. Like the teeth 16 ', the wires 20' form an envelope curve G 'and the carding distance KA is given by the distance between the envelope curves T', G ', which can be determined by the image analysis.

FIGS. 10 and 11 each show the envelopes G (G ') and T (T'), which are created according to one or the other of the methods described and are recorded in an _" image" (this image at best from _" bits" consists). The two figures show two ways of _" analyzing" or evaluating the images. In Fig. 10 a _"fictitious carding gauge" is provided, wherein the evaluation as many _"pages" of predetermined thickness B between the envelope curves _"inserts", is filled up to the distance therethrough. The number of sheets B recorded indicates the distance KA. In Fig. 11, the evaluation places a _" scale" S on the image, from which the distance KA can be read.

FIG. 12 now shows three options for evaluating the results of the evaluation 28. According to a first variant, the determined distance is shown in a display 43, for example as a number or even as a (possibly scaled) figure which must be interpreted by the user. This variant is of great use, for example, when setting the card during assembly, since it gives objective values that are independent of the fitter (or his blade gauge).

In a second variant, the determined distance is compared in a comparator 45 with a predetermined limit value (for example via a keyboard 47), so that a display or an alarm can be generated if a tolerance is reached or exceeded. The limit value can be entered by the end user (e.g. by the spinning mill master) and the resulting "on-line" monitoring is useful in determining the time for maintenance (for example grinding or re-garnishing), but also for displaying faulty conditions caused by the Personnel should be examined.

In a third variant, the determined distance is fed to a control 49, where it is compared with a predetermined target value, so that in the event of a deviation A from the target value, actuators 50 can be actuated in order to redetermine the position of the flat bars relative to the drum and thereby to compensate for the deviation. The latter mode of operation, which enables "on-line" optimization, is explained somewhat more closely with reference to FIG. 13, the arrangement according to FIG. 4 being adopted and the reference symbols already used indicating the same elements as before.

In addition to the elements already described, FIG. 13 shows schematically two flexible sheets 44, 46 (one per card side), on which the flat bars 13 slide. The aforementioned actuator system 50 comprises a motor M and a suitable motor controller 48, which converts the output signals of the comparator 49 into control signals for the motor M in order to adjust the position of one or the other or both flexible bends 44, 46 relative to the card frame (not shown) change and thereby change the carding distance KA accordingly. A suitable setting actuator for the flexible bend has been shown in EP 96 101 466 from 2.2.96. The full content of the latter application is integrated in the present application, so that a repetition of the corresponding description can be dispensed with.

• 1) Der Strahl 24 wird derart ausgerichtet, dass unter gegebenen Betriebsverhältnissen (Tambourdrehzahl bzw. -temperatur, sowie Zahnhöhe der Zähne 16) ein vorgegebener Teil des Strahles 24 unterhalb der Hüllkurve T (Fig. 5) vom Empfänger 26 abgeblockt wird. Dieser (Grund)Zustand muss spezifisch eingerichtet werden, vorzugsweise durch speziell dafür ausgebildetes Personal.
• 2) Die Aktorik 50 wird dann derart betätigt, dass die Hüllkurve G (Fig. 5) innerhalb eines vorbestimmten Toleranzbereiches gegenüber der Hüllkurve T liegt. Dieser Ausangszustand gehört ebenfalls zum Grundzustand, der speziell herbeigeführt werden muss, z.B. mittels der Anzeige 43 (Fig. 12) sowie einer manuellen Betätigung der gesteuerten Aktorik 50.
• 3) Der Regler 49,48 wird nun eingeschaltet, beginnt den IST-Wert des Kardierabstandes KA mit dem vorgegebenen Sollwert zu vergleichen und steuert den Motor M, um allfällige Abweichungen zu eliminieren. Es spielt daher keine Rolle, dass die Karde vor der Inbetriebnahme in ihren Grundzustand eingestellt wird, die anschliessenden Änderungen in den Arbeitselementen während des Hochlaufes werden vom Regler ausgeglichen werden, so dass der vorgegebene Kardierabstand stets eingehalten wird. Wichtig ist aber, dass der Grundzustand die Stellung der Zähne 16 beim Erreichen des Betriebszustandes berücksichtigt.
• 4) Während des normalen Betriebes (unter stabilen Arbeitsverhältnissen) ändern sich die Stellungen der Zähne 16 bzw. Drähte 13 wegen Temperaturänderungen nur unwesentlich. Die Zahnhöhe bzw. die Drahthöhe ändert sich aber wegen "Verschleiss", was hier die Wirkung des Schleifens einschliesst. Die Zähne 16 bilden sich dementsprechend gegenüber dem Strahl 24 zurück und die Drähte 13 werden gegenüber dem stationären Strahl 24 verkürzt, wobei die Aktorik 50 stets vom Regler 49,48 betätigt wird, um den Kardierabstand KA möglichst konstant am Sollwert zu halten. Die Hüllkurve T bildet daher stets eine "Referenzfläche" und die Aktorik 50 wird gesteuert, um das Wanderdeckelaggregat derart einzustellen, dass der Kardierabstand KA gegenüber der Referenzfläche eingehalten wird.

Basically, you can now proceed as follows:

• 1) The beam 24 is aligned in such a way that under given operating conditions (drum speed or temperature, and tooth height of the teeth 16), a predetermined part of the beam 24 below the envelope curve T (FIG. 5) is blocked by the receiver 26. This (basic) condition must be set up specifically, preferably by specially trained personnel.
• 2) The actuator system 50 is then actuated in such a way that the envelope curve G (FIG. 5) lies within a predetermined tolerance range with respect to the envelope curve T. This initial state also belongs to the basic state, which must be brought about specifically, for example by means of the display 43 (FIG. 12) and by manual actuation of the controlled actuator system 50.
• 3) The controller 49, 48 is now switched on, begins to compare the actual value of the carding distance KA with the predetermined target value and controls the motor M in order to eliminate any deviations. It is therefore irrelevant that the card is set to its basic state before commissioning; the subsequent changes in the working elements during startup are compensated by the controller so that the specified carding distance is always maintained. However, it is important that the basic state takes into account the position of the teeth 16 when the operating state is reached.
• 4) During normal operation (under stable working conditions), the positions of the teeth 16 or wires 13 change only insignificantly due to temperature changes. The tooth height or the wire height changes due to "wear", which includes the effect of grinding. The teeth 16 correspondingly recede with respect to the beam 24 and the wires 13 are shortened with respect to the stationary beam 24, the actuator 50 being always actuated by the controller 49, 48 in order to keep the carding distance KA as constant as possible at the desired value. The envelope curve T therefore always forms a “reference surface” and the actuator system 50 is controlled in order to set the revolving cover assembly in such a way that the carding distance KA compared to the reference surface.

The regulation is not restricted to the use of the electronic teaching according to FIG. 4 and also not to the use of a measuring device at a single measuring point, although for the sake of simplicity the illustrations only show such a measuring point. Several such measuring points, each provided with its own measuring device, can be distributed along the flexible arch 44, 46, e.g. according to the conventional setting positions today, where the fitter uses the leaf gauge. Each measuring device can then be assigned its own controlled actuator system, so that an individual carding distance can be specified for each such measuring point and can then be maintained automatically afterwards.

According to a further variant, the measuring device can, however, be carried by a movable holder, which can be moved from one setting position to the next, along a flexible arc, in order to scan the carding distance at each such position. A measuring device with a camera is well suited for this. In principle, the device could even scan the working area along the carding distance without interruption (video camera) in order to reproduce a _" continuous" picture of the carding distance from one end of the working area to the other or over a _" distance" of the working area, which is predetermined at best or could even be selected.

The latter variant will probably not be possible in conventional cards due to the structure of the frame, but can be taken into account in new designs. The mapping of the entire work area (or at least a substantial part of it) is worth striving for, because it enables information about the _" overall condition" of the work area to be obtained. Where only individual locations are to be mapped, a controller must be provided in order to trigger the device at the predetermined locations. The measuring device could, for example, be carried by a swivel arm that can swivel around an axis that is aligned with the drum axis. The measuring device could also be carried by a sled,

which runs along the flexible arch on a rail. A measuring device should possibly be provided on both sides of the card.

The invention is not restricted to use in the main carding zone. A similar arrangement can be used to monitor or regulate the distance between the pickup 7 and the licker-in 3 from the drum 4. It is even easier to use the measuring, monitoring and control principles described in connection with the compliance with the specified distances of the reel set of stationary elements, such as fixed carding elements in the pre- and postcarding zone, or fixed guide segments in the subcarding zone or fixed lid of a fixed lid card.

The term "envelope curve" in this description includes the approximation in the form of a straight _" envelope line", for example a tangent to the envelope curve.

A modern card is equipped with a microprocessor or microcomputer control - examples can be found in EP-A-701 012 and DE-A-31 20 133. This control is indicated in FIG. 1 by reference number 12. No specific connections between the controller 12 and other elements of the machine are indicated in FIG. 1, but examples of such connections can be found in the aforementioned prior publications and further connections are explained in the course of the description below. It is also conventional practice today to provide an input device (e.g. a keyboard) 21 in order to be able to enter data into the memory (not indicated) of the computer 12.

It is of course possible to program a card according to different systems. The programming chosen will normally require certain key data from the user to be able to control the machine, and this key data will usually include one or the other combination of belt weight (ktex), delivery speed (m / min) and production (kg / h). Based on such basic data, the controller 12 is able to generate control signals for the various elements in order to achieve the results specified by the user over the operating period and monitor the results achieved. For this purpose, the machine is equipped with sensors (not shown in FIG. 1) that deliver signals to the control. This fact has been exploited in the invention according to EP 96 101 466, as the following description shows with reference to FIGS. 14 to 16.

In Fig. 14, a flexible sheet 30 of such a card is now shown in a detail, with revolving covers 13 (only two shown) running around it, which are slowly moved by a toothed belt. Adjustment elements 32 are provided on this flexible sheet 30, with which the carding distance can be adjusted. The actuating elements 32 can be automatically adjusted by means of actuators, for example small actuators 34. This actuator system is connected to the controller 12, which determines the setting of the flexible sheet 30, and thus the carding distance; for example according to an adjustment characteristic according to FIG. 15.

15 shows a diagram which shows the change in the carding distance KA on the abscissa as a function of the accumulated card sliver production P in tons (kg) on the ordinate for various processed material types. The curve S indicates the target distance, that is to say the carding distance, which would have been given without wearing the drum set (and the revolving cover). Depending on the carding work that is necessary to process a certain material (influenced, for example, by the contamination, the fiber length and the nits of the fed-in fiber material), there is now a greater or lesser degree of wear as a function of production, as with curves a and b for the different fiber materials A and B is clarified. The degree of wear depending on the current production for the different provenances of the fiber material (A or B) is either known or can be determined empirically, so that this data can be entered into the controller 12 (FIG. 1), and the adjusting elements 32 are adjusted on the basis of this information can be.

The total production of a card from a given point in time (e.g. from a set change or a set service) is determined by the programmable control of the machine and displayed on request, which means that such data is usually already available in the machine control. The "zero point" for the calculation of this total production can of course also be used as the zero point for controlling the adjustment of the carding distance. A prerequisite is that the elements to be adjusted are in a predetermined state at the zero point, which must be guaranteed by the operating personnel. Otherwise it becomes necessary to monitor the "starting position" of the elements with a suitable sensor system and to report it to the control system.

The controller 12 can be programmed by the machine supplier with the adjustment characteristic, that is to say the characteristic is entered in the memory of the control. The user can then call up the appropriate characteristic by entering the material to be processed.

The adjustment is preferably not continuous, but intermittent (step by step) depending on the capabilities of the actuators. The actuator system is preferably able to reliably perform an adjustment that is only a fraction (e.g. maximum 10%) of the normal carding distance. Such distances today are in the range of 20 to 30 hundredths of a millimeter. Preferably, the actuator system can reliably perform adjustment steps in the range of 1 to 3 hundredths.

The system is best suited for the user who processes a given material type over a longer period. The calculation of the "total production" with frequent material changes will prove to be difficult.

If the material type and delivery remain unchanged over a long period and the benefit is predictable, time can be used as a control parameter instead of production. The benefit here means the effective production time in a given time period.

A double of the arrangement according to FIG. 14 must be provided in mirror image on the other side of the card in order to be able to set the corresponding flexible sheet.

By means of the designs already described, the carding distance can be automatically adjusted in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner during ongoing production; this avoids unnecessary downtimes. The readjustment or readjustment of the carding distance can also be carried out depending on the grinding of a set, in particular on the automatic grinding of the reel set. This significantly increases the operating times of the carding machines in a spinning mill without having to accept significant losses in quality. A suitable embodiment is described below with reference to FIG. 16.

16 schematically shows the drum 4, briseur (licker-in) 3, pickup 7 and the grinding system, which is indicated as a whole by reference number 46. The system 46 comprises a grindstone, its holder, a drive motor and a guide means (not shown) which guides the grindstone holder over the width of the card during a lifting movement. FIG. 16 also shows the drive motor 50 for the card, which rotates the drum 4, for example via a toothed belt 52, when the card is in operation. The motor 50 is controlled by signals from a card controller 12 and reports its status back to this controller. The card control 12 also controls the grinding system 46, it being assumed in the example shown that the grinding system is provided with its own "sub-control" 56, which carries out certain control functions autonomously on the basis of control commands from the main control 12.

This controller 12 also includes a time signal generator, which is indicated schematically at 62.

• a) die Anzahl Hubbewegungen des Schleifsteines während einer bestimmten Betriebsphase,
• b) die Betriebsgeschwindigkeit derartiger Bewegungen (dies kann aber in der Untersteuerung 56 einprogrammiert sein),
• c) ein Startsignal zum Auslösen einer Betriebsphase gemäss einer vorprogrammierten Steuerfunktion.

The main controller 12 now issues the following control commands to the sub-controller 56:

• a) the number of strokes of the grindstone during a certain operating phase,
• b) the operating speed of such movements (but this can be programmed in the sub-controller 56),
• c) a start signal for triggering an operating phase according to a preprogrammed control function.

• 1. Das Schleifen und das Verstellen wird jedes für sich, d.h. unabhängig voneinander, gesteuert (programmgemäss ausgelöst).
• 2. das Verstellen wird im Anschluss an einen Schleifvorgang ausgelöst.
• 3. Das Verstellen und das Schleifen kann unabhängig voneinander ausgelöst werden, wobei das Verstellen auch im Anschluss an einen Schleifvorgang ausgelöst werden kann.

Depending on the programming of the controller 12, various combinations are now conceivable, namely:

• 1. The grinding and the adjustment is controlled individually (ie independently of each other) (triggered according to the program).
• 2. The adjustment is triggered after a grinding process.
• 3. The adjustment and the grinding can be triggered independently of one another, wherein the adjustment can also be triggered after a grinding process.

The preferred solution provides for adjustment after a grinding operation, namely after a number of grinding operations carried out by the control. The adjustment also programmed then depends both on the number of operations mentioned and on the intensity of the grinding.

According to an advantageous execution of the program, the use of the grinding system is not strictly controlled according to the time, but according to the production. For this purpose, the user can measure the desired service life of the set Enter the amount of material produced (tons) into the control. According to a predefined characteristic in the memory of the control system, the latter can then determine how often grinding has to be carried out. This characteristic can only be adapted to the material type and / or the clothing type, or the appropriate type must be called up by the user from the memory. This characteristic in turn determines both the total number of grinding cycles (e.g. the double stroke of the grinding stone) over the set service life of the set, and the distribution of these grinding cycles over the service life.

The adjustment of the flexible arch can now be controlled using the same characteristics, since it will probably only be possible to take into account the change in tooth shape by adjusting the arch after a few grinding cycles.

As particularly illustrated in FIG. 16, the controller 12 can also take into account other variables relevant to the carding gap, e.g. the operating speed of the reel 4 (the speed of the motor 50) and / or the operating temperature at selected locations where temperature measuring devices (not shown) can be attached to also provide their output signals to the controller 12.

Insofar as the control according to FIG. 13 is able to keep the carding distance KA reliably at a predetermined target value, it is not necessary to take into account the various sizes that were explained in connection with FIGS. 15 and 16. The system shown schematically in FIG. 13 is, however, dependent on the output signal of the sensor 26 or on the evaluation of this signal. Certain plausibility tests can be installed in the electronics themselves in order to reduce the risk of a malfunction, although for reasons of cost, redundancy is hardly an option as a safety measure. The consequences of a malfunction are nevertheless considerable (at most catastrophic), because it is normally about the "delivery" of the tips 20 to the tips 16 - with corresponding risks, which lie between the "simple streak" (sparks - at most fire -, clothing damage) , Loss of quality due to Scatter fiber processing errors) and a collision of the revolving cover assembly with the reel.

Basically, the plausibility of the measured values or the signals that are delivered to the controller depends on the "working state" of the machine. The relevant information relating to this state is not present in the electronics of the sensor system, but is nevertheless present in the controller 12, as will be explained below with reference to FIG. 17. The latter figure shows only two cover wires 20 and a tooth 16, which are sufficient to explain the principle.

In a "basic setting" (immediately after re-garnishing), the tooth 16 has a tooth height H and there is a preset distance KA between the wires 20 and the tooth 16. While the drum set is standing, the tooth height (due to wear and grinding) is reduced to h. The carding distance KA should remain constant, however, so that the wire tips should then be on plane E (dash-dotted). In order to compensate for the "loss" on the drum set, the revolving cover assembly must approach the drum by an amount (H-h), which of course takes place gradually over the life of the set. This infeed is not sufficient, however, because the wires 20 have in the meantime been shortened by an amount B (be it due to wear and tear or be it through grinding), which must also be compensated for by the infeed movement (the illustrated ratios H / h and B / H should not be understood as practical, but only to explain the principle). The entire infeed movement is designated by W.

As already mentioned, the delivery should take place step by step, so that it is possible to divide the entire path W into, for example, eight steps S1 to S8 (see the right margin of FIG. 17). On the basis of the machine data known to the machine manufacturer, it is also possible to determine in the programming of the controller 12, for example after how many operating hours the delivery by step S1 is plausible. The same applies to steps S2 to S8. If (for whatever reason) the measuring device requests a "delivery step" before the specified operating hours have expired, which is not plausible after programming, the controller 12 can prevent the requested step from being carried out.

The further behavior of the system also depends on the programming of the controller 12. The control programs can e.g. be designed in such a way that the control by means of the measuring device 26, 28 is switched off even with the first “error message”. However, it is unlikely that this will lead to a machine stop. The controller 12 can therefore "report the defect", but the machine can continue to work, the controller 12 being able to further control the infeed movement according to the principles explained with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16. The controller 12 could, however, simply “block” individual false signals from the measuring device 26, 28, while taking plausible signals into account, the defects also being reported for inspection by the personnel.

FIG. 18 shows a modification of FIG. 14, according to which a corresponding measuring device 26, 28 is provided for each motor 34 on the work area in the main carding zone in order to deliver respective measured values to the controller 12 (two measuring points, two setting positions). Each motor 34 could additionally be equipped with a "position sensor" 40, e.g. an encoder or an angle encoder, which reports the current position to the controller 12. In this case, it is possible, for example, to use the basic setting as a reference for position monitoring, as a result of which further plausibility tests by the controller 12 are possible.

Figure 18 also shows on the "screen" 41 the preferred solution for pre-programming the machine in order to simplify the entry of data by the user. The controller 12 can namely be programmed according to the characteristic diagram principle, which is explained in EP-A-452 676, reference being made to the aforementioned document for further details. The map shown is two-dimensional, it represents the parameter vectors "carding intensity" KL and "cleaning or opening intensity" R / OI. The carding intensity KI is influenced by the carding distance KA, which can now be controlled by means of the designs already described and by the user in the Enter the form of a setpoint. The cleaning intensity is influenced, for example, by the spool speed and the briseur speed (if the briseur is provided with its own drive), and these sizes are likewise to be defined by the user via the controller 12. It is not essential for the present invention to use the map principle for preprogramming the machine, the individual settings could be entered individually by the user. The map pre-programming simplifies the operation of a machine with complex interactions between the various setting options, such as a card.

Claims (36)

A textile machine, in particular a card, with a sensor for the effective working distance of at least one clothing, characterized in that the distance is scanned from the side (the working width). Machine according to claim 1, characterized by a probe which is effective from side to side over the entire working width. Machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the sensing means works on the basis of a beam, e.g. with a light beam, in particular with a laser beam. Machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the jet is directed through the working area in such a way that it is partly scattered by the elements adjacent to the working distance. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the measure of the light remaining in the beam after the scattering is used as a measure of the distance to be measured. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a scanning means is provided to scan the conditions in the peripheral zones of the work area. Machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the sensing means comprises a camera which e.g. works with an evaluation that enables image analysis. Machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the sensing means enables the formation of an envelope at the clothing tips. Machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the formation of an envelope curve is made possible by sequentially snapped images to create a composite image to be analyzed or by the fact that the aperture of the camera is operated slowly compared to the speed of movement of the clothing elements . Machine according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the image signals are digitized and stored, for which purpose the corresponding devices are provided in the evaluation. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensing means can be moved along the carding gap. Machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the sensing means is designed to map a distance of the working gap. A sensing device for the working distance from a clothing of a textile machine, characterized by: Means for generating a beam, and - Means for attaching the jet generator to one side of the work area such that the beam can be directed through the work area. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the fastening means is designed in such a way that the jet generator can be moved along the working area. Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the beam generator can be used to map a section of the working area. Device according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that means for receiving the beam are provided and in such a way that the beam receiver on the other side of the work area, opposite the producer. Device according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the beam is a laser beam. A sensing device for the working distance from a clothing of a textile machine, characterized by means for generating an image of at least a part of the working area viewed from the side. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized by means for analyzing said image. Apparatus according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the means for generating an image is arranged such that an envelope can be formed on clothing elements in the work area in the image obtained. Apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that the image to be analyzed is created as a composite of sequentially obtained individual images of the work area. A device or a method for regulating the distance between a clothing (15) and an element (13) opposite the clothing, characterized in that the lateral surface (T; T ') of the clothing (15) serves as a reference surface, the distance (KA) of the element (13) is scanned contactlessly from this surface (T; T ') and the position of the element (13) relative to the clothing (15) is changed by an actuator system (50) if necessary to avoid deviations from a desired value to compensate for the distance (KA). Apparatus or method according to claim 22, characterized in that the reference surface (T; T ') is formed by scanning the clothing (15) from the side. Device or method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the element (13) is also provided with a clothing (14). Device or method according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that the distance (KA) is scanned by optical means. Device or method according to one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that the clothing (15) is provided on the reel (4) of a card. Card, which is provided with a set, a part opposite this set and a controllable actuator system to set the carding gap between the set and the element, and with a programmable controller that can act on the actuator system, and a sensor system that is used to win of at least one measured value which is related to the carding gap and is arranged to deliver corresponding signals to the control, the control being arranged in such a way that it receives or develops data which are related to the condition of the clothing, characterized in that that the elements mentioned are linked to one another by the programming in such a way that the carding gap is regulated under predetermined working conditions (“framework conditions”) on the basis of the measured values supplied by the sensors, the control system being programmed in such a way that it can override the regulation, if the framework conditions no longer meet llt are. Card according to claim 27, characterized in that the control is programmed such that the carding gap can be further changed by the control using control signals after the control has been switched off. Card according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that the control system is programmed in such a way that it defines a "delivery limit" for the control system, thereby preventing an undesirable reduction in the carding distance (for example due to a measurement error, an evaluation error or a communication error) can. Card according to one of the preceding claims 27 to 29, characterized in that the general conditions are also programmed into the control. Card according to claim 30, characterized in that the fulfillment of the general conditions can be determined on the basis of data which are monitored (for other reasons) by the controller anyway. Card according to claim 31, characterized in that the data are selected from the following group: - the operating time since the last maintenance process, - the total production since the last maintenance process, - the type of material processed, - the (cumulative) effect of built-in maintenance devices. Card according to one of claims 27 to 32, characterized in that means are provided to generate data which directly represent the fulfillment of the framework conditions, e.g. a sensor for the achieved adjustment from a predetermined "basic setting". Card according to one of the preceding claims 27 to 33, characterized in that the sensor system comprises a measuring device which scans the card gap from the side of the working area. Method for readjusting the work elements of a textile machine, characterized in that the readjustment is effected according to a control system, as long as the measured values that are processed by the control system withstand a plausibility test, wherein the control can be switched off if the required plausibility is no longer given is. A method according to claim 35, characterized in that if the plausibility is no longer present, the readjustment can nevertheless be carried out in a controlled manner on the basis of further data.

Images