EP0799898A2 - Procédé pour découper des pièces d'une matière plate, irrégulière, en particulier le cuir - Google Patents

Procédé pour découper des pièces d'une matière plate, irrégulière, en particulier le cuir Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0799898A2
EP0799898A2 EP97890042A EP97890042A EP0799898A2 EP 0799898 A2 EP0799898 A2 EP 0799898A2 EP 97890042 A EP97890042 A EP 97890042A EP 97890042 A EP97890042 A EP 97890042A EP 0799898 A2 EP0799898 A2 EP 0799898A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
cutting
computer
outline shape
stored
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97890042A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0799898B1 (fr
EP0799898A3 (fr
Inventor
Gottfried Dipl.-Ing. Blaimschein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GFM GmbH
Original Assignee
GFM GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GFM GmbH filed Critical GFM GmbH
Priority to AT97890042T priority Critical patent/ATE220115T1/de
Publication of EP0799898A2 publication Critical patent/EP0799898A2/fr
Publication of EP0799898A3 publication Critical patent/EP0799898A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0799898B1 publication Critical patent/EP0799898B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/3806—Cutting-out; Stamping-out wherein relative movements of tool head and work during cutting have a component tangential to the work surface
    • B26F1/3813—Cutting-out; Stamping-out wherein relative movements of tool head and work during cutting have a component tangential to the work surface wherein the tool head is moved in a plane parallel to the work in a coordinate system fixed with respect to the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/005—Computer numerical control means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/007—Control means comprising cameras, vision or image processing systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B17/00—Details of apparatus or machines for manufacturing or treating skins, hides, leather, or furs
    • C14B17/005—Inspecting hides or furs
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B5/00—Clicking, perforating, or cutting leather
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/20—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed
    • B26D5/30—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed having the cutting member controlled by scanning a record carrier
    • B26D5/34—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed having the cutting member controlled by scanning a record carrier scanning being effected by a photosensitive device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/01—Means for holding or positioning work
    • B26D7/018—Holding the work by suction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cutting blanks from flat, irregular workpieces, in particular pieces of leather, according to which the outline shape and the flaws of the workpieces spread on a support surface of a recording device are optically recorded by means of a camera, the flaws of the workpieces and preferably others workpiece-specific characteristics are manually marked and the markings are recorded together with the outline shape including a workpiece identifier and the corresponding data are entered into a computer, then entered by the computer for each workpiece on the basis of this data and the data stored in the computer about the number, shape and quality requirements of the blanks Cutting pattern is created and stored in association with the respective workpiece, the workpiece identification of a workpiece being used as the workpiece identifier for the assignment of the calculated cutting pattern , whereupon the workpieces are cut with a cutting device which can be controlled by the computer according to a control program which takes into account the associated cutting pattern.
  • nesting is understood to mean the compilation of the different blanks into a cutting pattern individually tailored to the respective workpiece. Since the flaws of the workpieces, such as holes, surface structure and color, expansion directions or the like, must of course be taken into account in such a nesting, an optimization of the material utilization is usually associated with an increase in the care and the time required for the nesting.
  • DE-A 41 11 304 and US-A 5 089 971 it is also known to manually mark the flaws of a workpiece and to optically record the outline shape and the manual markings and one Computer to enter the corresponding data for creating the cutting pattern
  • DE-A 41 11 304 and US-A 5 089 971 also already suggest separating the nesting and cutting process and also the recorded workpiece identification of a workpiece as workpiece identification for the assignment of the calculated pattern for the cutting process.
  • Fiddling the workpieces with their own workpiece carriers or positioning the workpieces in the correct position on the cutting table according to predefined projections is, however, associated with a considerable amount of work and time and jeopardizes the quality of the cutting process due to an incorrect position of the workpieces on the working surface of the cutting device.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of eliminating these deficiencies and of specifying a method of the type described at the outset which not only permits optimized nesting and a cutting of workpieces which may be intermediately separated from the nesting process, but above all also a substantial simplification of the cutting process Avoidance of cutting errors due to differences in position between the actual workpiece position and the control program-dependent target position.
  • a simple method for the exact and correct holding down of the workpieces for the actual cutting process is to be specified.
  • the invention solves this problem in that, in order to cut a workpiece, the outline shape and / or the markings together with the workpiece identifier of the workpiece placed on the working surface of a cutting device and additionally their existing actual position on the working surface are optically recorded and the corresponding data are entered into the computer which on the one hand defines the actual position in a coordinate system representing the work surface and on the other hand looks for the cutting pattern belonging to the registered mark from the saved cutting patterns and makes it available for the control program for controlling the cutting device in a relative position that is matched to the determined coordinate position of the outline shape and / or marking.
  • the fault locations of a workpiece placed on it are marked manually by the operator who is required to place it, with further individual markings, for example by means of a barcode Workpiece characteristics, such as different qualities and quality ranges, surface structure, color and. Like. Can be displayed, and there is a rapid and reliable error detection and classification compared to the machine detection.
  • the outlines of the respective workpiece and the features represented by the marking as well as, if necessary, their own coding as workpiece identifier are then quickly captured by a camera as an overall image and can be read in and stored in a suitable computer in a suitable data form.
  • the computer carries out a nesting based on a suitable computer program with the previously entered data about the blanks, which can also optionally be entered via optical detection, due to the large number of Workpieces can optimize the use of materials across all of these workpieces and individually select the most suitable cuts for each workpiece, taking into account the characteristics of the workpiece. In this way, a specific, optimized cutting pattern is calculated for each of the workpieces, the assignment between the workpiece and the cutting pattern being made by the respective workpiece identification.
  • the cutting patterns assigned to the respective workpieces are stored and are available for the subsequent cutting process for cutting out the blanks from the respective workpieces as a basis for a corresponding control program. If one of the workpieces for cutting is now placed on the work surface of a suitable cutting device, the respective outline shape and marking of the workpiece and its identification as well as its actual position on the work surface and the computer is recorded via a camera, which can be the same as when the first image was taken entered, which selects the associated cutting pattern on the basis of this indicator, and this selected cutting pattern is provided as a control program template in a coordinate position adapted to the respective relative position of the workpiece lying on the work surface.
  • the computer must move the outline shape and / or marking in a comparison with the stored outline shapes and / or markings until they match and then move the found pattern into one of the positions indicated by the actual position of the Bring the relative position belonging to the workpiece to the predetermined coordinate position on the work surface so that the control program determined therefrom also controls the cutting device in accordance with the actual position of the workpiece.
  • individual codes or the like can be applied to the workpiece, but the outline shape and / or markings of the workpiece itself can also be recorded as a workpiece identifier in a particularly rational manner and processed by the computer.
  • the control program for controlling the cutting device is adapted to the actual position of the workpiece and not As before, adapting the actual workpiece position to the control program tailored to a specific desired workpiece position, the desired improvement and simplification of the entire cutting process is achieved.
  • this method can of course also be used with the same success with other flat materials, such as honeycamb, prepregs or the like, and in particular it is also suitable for the rational use and processing of different residual materials.
  • some of the cuts can be interactively combined into groups in the computer and these cutting groups can be specified as a unit in the computer for creating the pattern. Because of the human ability to see figures and skillful combination of shapes, the operator can pick out inexpensive combinations of figures that are immediately recognizable for the operator and then pre-program them to the actual nesting as a unit for the computer, which shortens the calculation processes when creating the pattern.
  • This interactive group formation can be carried out independently of manual error marking or special workpiece identification, but together with it the nesting is considerably improved and the whole process is accelerated.
  • the workpiece contour when placing the workpiece on the working surface of the cutting device gives a different outline shape than when the workpiece was originally placed on the bearing surface of the receiving device, so that the computer could have difficulties in identifying the workpiece .
  • the workpiece identifier with the least deviations can be selected from the stored workpiece identifiers and recreate the corresponding cutting pattern taking into account the deviations, which automatically compensates for a deviation when placing the workpieces.
  • the computer then only changes the pattern individually and adapts it to the respective workpiece using the existing blanks.
  • the computer can search for the workpiece identifier with the greatest matches from the stored workpiece identifiers and the associated cutting pattern for the different sub-area recreate, which results in a rational adjustment process.
  • he could also ask for a change in the position of the workpiece placed in the deviating sub-area, preferably with the display of the relevant stored outline shape and / or marking, so that in the case of partially deviating outline shapes and / or markings the operator ensures a correction of the actual position of the placed workpiece and the flawless cutting process is guaranteed even without creating a new pattern.
  • the operator can make the identification easier for the computer by appropriately identifying the workpieces placed on the support surface of the receiving device, whereby the computer then, when acquiring such a specific identification of a workpiece placed on the working surface of the cutting device, looks for the outline form associated with this identification and at least partially displays it from the stored outline shapes, so that the identification is made via the workpiece identification and a different workpiece part is immediately brought into the correct position can be used to avoid inaccuracies in the pattern assignment.
  • the computer could search for the cutting pattern belonging to this identifier from the stored cutting patterns and, if the stored outline shape did not match, the detected one Convert the outline shape of the placed workpiece to adapt to the placed workpiece, which in turn provides an optimized cutting pattern also for workpieces with a changed outline shape due to the requirement.
  • a classification of the workpiece is advantageously carried out by means of a specific workpiece identification and the computer creates a cutting pattern for this workpiece according to a computer program which takes the respective classification into account.
  • known special features of certain workpieces can be taken into account and the programming of the individual creation of the cutting pattern can be adapted to these special features.
  • the workpieces placed on the work surface of the cutting device must be properly fixed in their respective actual positions, for which it is known according to EP 0 566 817 A to hold the workpieces down on the work surface by applying a vacuum, the work surface for applying a vacuum to a large number Suction zones arranged next to one another in a grid-like division, each of which can be connected via a shut-off device to a negative pressure source, and the shut-off devices can be controlled individually and / or in groups.
  • the outline shape and the existing actual position of a workpiece spread on the work surface are optically recorded by means of a camera and the corresponding data entered into a computer which, by controlling the shut-off elements selected as a function of this data, only pressurizes the suction zones located in the support area of the workpiece. This ensures that the actually used to hold the Suction zones contributing to the workpiece are connected to the vacuum source and the workpiece is actually properly held down, but the suction zones lying outside the workpiece support area remain inactive and thus the suction of large quantities of false air and the risk of the vacuum source collapsing are avoided.
  • Such a method is ideally suited for carrying out a wide variety of cutting processes, of course also the cutting process described above, according to which the camera, which is present anyway and is assigned to the cutting device, optically detects the outline shape of the workpieces in each case and enters the corresponding data into the computer, which inputs this data now also processed to control the suction zones.
  • the suction zones are partially pressurized by the computer depending on the cutting process, the influence of false air in the edge area of the workpiece can be reduced due to the suction zones only partially covered here, since these suction zones are only activated in the respective controlled sub-area, which Subareas can be activated in succession or overlapping according to the cutting process.
  • a further improvement is achieved in that, during the cutting, the computer pressurizes the suction zones which lie completely within the support area for the entire duration of the cutting process and the suction zones which partially protrude into the support area only as a function of the cutting process. This results in a proper holding down of the entire workpiece, the edge areas also being subjected to a vacuum in the course of cutting.
  • a further possibility of a rational negative pressure application results from the fact that the computer pressurizes the suction zones within a certain environment around the cutting tool, so that actually only the workpiece parts lying in the vicinity of the cutting cutting tool are held down, but the remaining areas remain without a negative pressure application.
  • a receiving device 1 with a support surface 2 for the workpieces W and a camera 3 for optical workpiece detection, an intermediate storage 4 for intermediate storage of the workpieces W before the actual cutting and one Cutting device 5 with a work surface 6 and a cutting unit 7 which can be moved over the work surface 6 and an associated control device 8.
  • a camera 9 is also assigned to the work surface 6 and is used for workpiece detection.
  • a computer 10 with a suitable computer part and memory part is connected on the input side to the two cameras 3, 9 and a reading device 11 for storing data and interactive intervention in arithmetic operations and connects on the output side to the control device 8 of the cutting unit 7 and a display device (not shown further) .
  • the available workpieces W are placed individually on the support surface 2 of the receiving device 1 and their flaws F and possibly other workpiece-specific features or additional processing instructions are manually marked by the operator or applied as a mark, such as geometric characters, color characters, barcodes or the like.
  • the outline shape U of the workpieces W and the markings F are optically recorded with the camera 3 and corresponding data is entered into the computer 10 and stored.
  • the workpiece W is removed from the receiving device 1 and stored in the intermediate storage 4.
  • the computer 10 creates by calculating the outline and marking data with the data entered via the input device 11 A corresponding cutting pattern M for each workpiece W about the number, shape and quality requirements of the blanks Z, the blanks Z being optimized over all workpieces W, and stores the individual cutting patterns M in association with the respective workpieces W.
  • the outline shape U and / or the applied markings F of the respective workpiece W serve as workpiece identification.
  • the workpieces W are individually removed from the intermediate storage 4 and placed on the work surface 6 of the cutting device 5 in any order.
  • the camera 9 again detects the outline shape U and the markings F of the workpiece W placed on it and also the actual position of this outline shape or markings relative to the work surface 6 represented by a coordinate system X, Y and reads the data into the computer 10.
  • the latter now determines the actual position I in the coordinate system X, Y on the one hand and on the other hand searches for the cutting pattern M associated with the respective workpiece W by comparing the outline shape U and / or marking F with the stored outline shapes U and / or marking F and presents it in one relative position matched to the coordinate position of the outline shape U and / or marking F for the control program for controlling the cutting device 5.
  • this cutting pattern M is then processed into the corresponding control program and passed on to the control device 8, which controls the cutting unit 7 for cutting the workpiece W according to the cutting pattern M.
  • the computer 10 can be given interactively grouped cuts Z via the input device 11, which then bases these cutting groups as a unit E together with the remaining individual cuts Z on the further nesting process.
  • the cutting device 5 has a cutting table 600 which forms the working surface 6 and which, in order to hold down the workpieces W placed on the working surface 6 by means of negative pressure, has a plurality of suction zones arranged next to one another in a grid-like division and covered with an air-permeable support plate 601 602, which are each connected to a vacuum source 605 via a suction bore 603 and a shut-off element 604.
  • the shut-off devices 604 consist, for example, of solenoid valves 606 which Corresponding control lines 607 can be controlled by a control device 801, so that the suction zones 602 can be subjected to negative pressure individually by corresponding actuation of the shut-off elements 604, one for maintaining the required negative pressure in the negative pressure source 605 to the cavity 608 forming the cutting table 601 via a negative pressure line 609 Vacuum pump 610 connects.
  • shut-off devices 604 can be activated individually so that only the suction zones 602 are pressurized. which are located in the support area of the workpiece W, which on the one hand ensures that the workpieces are properly held, but on the other hand the vacuum source is not endangered by excessive amounts of false air.
  • the work surface 602 can also be divided into partial areas T and the computer 10 can be programmed so that the suction zones are only partially pressurized, depending on the cutting profile, for example only in the partial area T1 , in which the cutting tool 71 of the cutting unit 7 is currently located.
  • the suction zones 602 in the support area of the workpiece W are activated only in this partial area, all others remain inactive.
  • the adjacent sub-areas can also be controlled in an overlapping manner, so that there is no fear of interruptions in the workpiece holder when the sub-areas are exceeded.
  • a further improvement in the vacuum pressure results from the fact that the computer 10, via the control device 801, presses the suction zones lying completely within the support area, for example the suction zone 602a, during the entire cutting time, the suction zones which only partially protrude into the support area, for example the suction zone 602b, but only as a function of the cutting course, that is, for example, within the activated partial area T1.
  • One possibility of expedient pressurization of the vacuum is also achieved by the computer 10 using the control device 801 to pressurize the suction zones within a certain environment S around the cutting tool 71, whereby only the suction zones lying in the region of the cutting process are activated, the others not.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Control Of Cutting Processes (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
EP97890042A 1996-04-02 1997-03-07 Procédé pour découper des pièces d'une matière plate, irrégulière, en particulier le cuir Expired - Lifetime EP0799898B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT97890042T ATE220115T1 (de) 1996-04-02 1997-03-07 Verfahren zum ausschneiden von zuschnitten aus flachen, unregelmässigen werkstücken, insbesondere lederstücken

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0059096A AT405497B (de) 1996-04-02 1996-04-02 Verfahren zum ausschneiden von zuschnitten aus flachen, unregelmässigen werkstücken, insbesondere lederstücken
AT590/96 1996-04-02
AT59096 1996-04-02

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0799898A2 true EP0799898A2 (fr) 1997-10-08
EP0799898A3 EP0799898A3 (fr) 1998-09-23
EP0799898B1 EP0799898B1 (fr) 2002-07-03

Family

ID=3494623

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97890042A Expired - Lifetime EP0799898B1 (fr) 1996-04-02 1997-03-07 Procédé pour découper des pièces d'une matière plate, irrégulière, en particulier le cuir

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5953232A (fr)
EP (1) EP0799898B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT405497B (fr)
DE (1) DE59707621D1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP1067200A1 (fr) * 1999-07-02 2001-01-10 Gerhard Winter Machine-outil à découper en continu des éléments en forme de feuilles, en particulier des peaux et analogue
DE10212284A1 (de) * 2002-03-20 2003-10-02 Guenter Grosmann Vorrichtung zum Ausschneiden von Zuschnitten
DE102010021274A1 (de) * 2010-05-19 2011-11-24 Wolfgang Bruder Verfahren zum Nesten von Naturleder und Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE102011050627A1 (de) * 2011-05-24 2012-11-29 Matthias Felber Verfahren, durch welches festgelegt wird, von wo aus einem material auszuschneidende teile aus dem material auszuschneiden sind
US20150328794A1 (en) * 2012-11-05 2015-11-19 Peter Ondrus Method of automatic tool identification and tool identified
WO2016180856A1 (fr) * 2015-05-12 2016-11-17 Fortuna Spezialmaschinen Gmbh Installation et procédé de parage de découpes de matériau non rigide
EP3392047A1 (fr) * 2017-04-18 2018-10-24 HP Scitex Ltd Agencements d'ensembles d'aspiration

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US5953232A (en) 1999-09-14
ATA59096A (de) 1999-01-15
EP0799898B1 (fr) 2002-07-03
ATE220115T1 (de) 2002-07-15
EP0799898A3 (fr) 1998-09-23
DE59707621D1 (de) 2002-08-08

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