EP0788572B1 - Verfahren zum unterfangen von bauwerken - Google Patents

Verfahren zum unterfangen von bauwerken Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0788572B1
EP0788572B1 EP96938908A EP96938908A EP0788572B1 EP 0788572 B1 EP0788572 B1 EP 0788572B1 EP 96938908 A EP96938908 A EP 96938908A EP 96938908 A EP96938908 A EP 96938908A EP 0788572 B1 EP0788572 B1 EP 0788572B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bore
process according
concrete
building
reinforcement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96938908A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0788572A1 (de
Inventor
Roland Beck
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19547763A external-priority patent/DE19547763A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0788572A1 publication Critical patent/EP0788572A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0788572B1 publication Critical patent/EP0788572B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/48—Foundations inserted underneath existing buildings or constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D35/00—Straightening, lifting, or lowering of foundation structures or of constructions erected on foundations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for undertaking of buildings, according to the preamble of claim 1, and a method for forming reinforced concrete support elements, according to the preamble of claim 16.
  • GB-A-2 254 631 teaches parts of the masonry in the immediate vicinity To be removed near the ground or in the foundation area and stiffened with a reinforced concrete skeleton. With dilapidated or dilapidated structures or buildings this represents one considerable interference with the existing building fabric significant risks.
  • US-A-3,345,824 teaches the sealing of under-rinsed Buildings to be filled with concrete, if necessary iron armored sacks.
  • a cloth tube inside a cylinder made of wire mesh or the like arranged, being inside the fabric hose another wire mesh cylinder can be arranged.
  • the Fabric hose is together with the outer wire mesh cylinder squeezed under a foundation washed in by water and then pressed out through a pipe with a concrete mixture, until it goes through the outer wire mesh cylinder dimensionally stabilized, concrete filled hose between the Underside of the washed-out foundation and the opposite Bottom pressed, the inner wire mesh cylinder forms a kind of reinforcement.
  • WO-A-86/03532 teaches approximately according to the figures there 1 to 5 on the side next to the building to be underpinned to drill a horizontal shaft or tunnel. That tunnel runs between a start and a target shaft and must have a diameter that the insertion of the high-pressure injector, as shown in FIG. 3. Furthermore, this tunnel needs the considerable Must have a diameter so that a human being can at least get involved in it bent over or crawling, in regular motion Distances lateral breakthroughs through which an injection lance from inside the tunnel to the neighboring one Soil can be pushed. It is therefore about a "work tunnel" to the side of the building from which partially penetrated from under the building becomes.
  • FR-A-2 686 356 suggests going out from a starting shaft under the building a horizontal one To advance the shaft or tunnel towards a target shaft. The shaft is then filled with concrete, with one or more tie rods embedded become. The tunnel is driven in such a way that the or the foundations of the building pierced or be pierced. Given that to be underpinned Buildings in the vast majority already one have more or less damaged building structure appears drilling or puncturing the foundations is extremely questionable because risky. For example, when renovating Jordan would apply the procedure under FR-A-2 686 356 mean that the individual column foundations are pierced or need to be pierced. This poses a risk represents which probably no renovation company undertake would like to.
  • a first aspect of the present invention accordingly becomes a process for undertaking buildings created in which at least one support element under the structure is formed, and characterized in that is that the at least one support element is elongated / rod-shaped is trained; and that at least a support element substantially parallel to and below from a foundation of the structure in one previously trained there Hole is arranged.
  • a method of forming reinforced concrete support elements which in particular for the undertaking of Structures are used in which by means of a drilling device a hole below the element to be supported is formed by the drilling device from a Start area is moved to a target area, and at then a reinforced concrete support element in the hole is formed according to another aspect of the present Invention characterized in that according to the Production of the hole Steel wires inserted into the hole be used during the installation with additional reinforcement elements to be connected to a reinforcement.
  • the invention makes it particularly advantageous Way that an entire foundation section of a Structure can be supported.
  • the support element becomes the subsurface not so badly affected under the foundation that there are settlements.
  • Another major advantage is that the Risk of accident for the people working there is essential can be reduced as this is not immediately below the wall to be underpinned, but laterally spaced from the building.
  • Another advantage of the method is that common means in construction engineering and sewer construction can be applied.
  • the one required for implementation Technology is therefore available and relatively inexpensive.
  • support elements in the form of a grid or Grid can be arranged, in particular at larger buildings, such as churches or the like. an effective undertaking of the entire structure become. Buildings of this type are usually constructed in such a way that the load of the structure on a grid of load-bearing Supports columns. These pillars are partly in the side walls and partly inside the building. By the grid-shaped The arrangement of the support elements becomes a targeted support of the respective load-bearing element possible. On gentle undertaking of the entire static support points of the building is therefore possible.
  • the individual Training support elements in that the bore with Steel mesh and grouted concrete is filled.
  • the concrete ring with the tension and compression strands essential.
  • the simpler or more complex one can be used here Method can be applied.
  • Such a bore with pressed tubes is advantageously by means of pipe pressing or Shield tunneling created. This can turn on common procedures from sewer construction can be used.
  • the upright holes are made with concrete and preferably steel reinforced concrete filled, the particular is introduced by high pressure injection. So that becomes a certain displacement of the unstable subsurface under the Foundation reached and the room filled with concrete. Provided if the subsurface cannot be ousted, it will be so far condenses that it is now stable.
  • the area between the at least a support element and the supporting element after insertion the upright holes and the ones made in them Support excavated and covered with concrete, which is preferred steel reinforced, to be filled. Even with that stable undertaking of the supporting element can be achieved.
  • reinforced concrete support elements can be therefore significantly simplify by after the manufacturing process of the hole, steel strands are individually inserted into the hole and during the installation with additional reinforcement elements to be connected to a reinforcement.
  • the reinforcement is connected to the tension element and pulled through this into the hole.
  • the advantage here is that the reinforcement is inserted in the bore is guided, and further that an insertion means Traction is much easier to manage than insertion by means of pressure forces. The danger of getting caught the reinforcement with the hole wall and thus one Blockage is significantly less.
  • the reinforcement is on the end connected to the traction element is not yet full is trained and e.g. forms a cone shape that is relative simply slides through the hole.
  • the steel cable with the attached Reinforcement using a preferably arranged in the target area Winch is pulled through the hole, can apply the forces required to insert the reinforcement be reliably applied. Furthermore, the progression of the introduction are controlled continuously, whereby a jerky slip or the like, e.g. when pulling in by hand due to a hooking of the Reinforcement with the bore wall can be prevented can be.
  • the reinforcement during withdrawing the drilling device or the drive to the drilling device in the start area in the hole is drawn in. It can be used to introduce a Tension element are dispensed with, since the retraction movement of the Drilling device as a drive for inserting the reinforcement Application. Arranging the reinforcement in the This further simplifies drilling.
  • the steel strands are rolled up, so the roles can be arranged in the start area and the Unroll the strands when pulling them into the hole. The bringing in this simplifies the steel strands in the bore essential.
  • the length of the steel strands on the Role predetermined, so the space required in the start area be kept low.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 represent a first embodiment to undertake buildings.
  • This is a building 1 with a foundation 2 of its front wall.
  • a first shaft 3 and a second shaft 4 created laterally spaced from the front wall.
  • Means a device, not shown, with an earth rocket is a bore 9 between the first shaft 3 and second shaft 4 spaced below the foundation 2 of the Building 1 generated.
  • a support element 5 in the form of a concrete ring with tension or compression strands 6 by a concreting process and by means of a suitable Formwork created (see Fig. 8).
  • the support element 5 also as a concrete bar with appropriate reinforcement be formed.
  • the support element 5 thus extends spaced below of the foundation 2.
  • the diameter of the support element 5 is chosen such that the introduction of the hole 9 the underground under the foundation 2 is not additionally unnecessary destabilized.
  • the support elements 5 are coupled together and form a foundation, which is like a "raft" on the Foundation 2 works.
  • the stabilizing effect of this multitude of support elements 5 on the foundation 2 of the front wall of the building 1 may already be sufficient to build the structure to protect.
  • An undertaking of the building 1 according to the one described Way can with an existing building on one side and - if necessary - on all sides or can be created under the partition walls in the building.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a three-aisled Church 10 shown in plan view.
  • the statics the church 10 is essentially based on structural elements or pillars 11.
  • the upright bores 13 can alternatively also through pressing concrete into the horizontal bores 9 for the support elements 5 are filled from below. In order to there is a good connection between the horizontal ones and upright holes.
  • the column 11 is thus underpinned by a concrete foundation and safely supported. A corresponding procedure is also on the other pillars 11 of the church 10 made, as well as if necessary on the foundations of the outer walls.
  • By adding more wedge-shaped Support element groups is also used in such a In case a safe support of the building is possible, because wedge the support element groups against each other.
  • This arrangement the support elements 5 can also on any transfer other use cases for the undertaking of buildings become. There are also other arrangements the support elements 5 in any way and the respective Requirements possible.
  • Fig. 7 it is possible to Upright support elements 5 and one Coupling them to form a wall in the ground that the formation of a basement under an existing building enables.
  • the underpinning as a wall of sufficient height on three sides of the building trained and sufficient on the fourth page Underpinning created in the sense of a static beam his. If the base plate of the existing building is the absorb static forces through the internal bearing walls can or with an underpinning again in Is provided in the sense of a beam, the soil of on the fourth side of the building.
  • the support elements can be arranged in a single row or multiple rows be, so that a kind of horizontal bar wall or bored pile wall.
  • a basement with the help of the support elements 5 can also be formed in a different way, wherein only care must be taken that the existing Building is adequately supported on the ground.
  • FIG. 8 shows how a support element according to a first embodiment is constructed. This points a concrete ring, which is provided with tension or compression strands 6 is. These tension or pressure strands 6 take the occurring Tensile or compressive loads.
  • the concrete ring is through Filling in the space between an outer and an inner Steel pipe 7 and 8 generated and finally with if necessary provided with reinforcement and poured with concrete.
  • pre-made pipes can also be pressed in and these are in turn arranged with steel mesh or suitably Tension or compression strands and pressed-in concrete fill out.
  • the hole 9 itself can be done using an anchor drill or an earth rocket be created, and if pipes are pressed in should, this can be done with the help of a pipe pressure or Shield driving can be achieved.
  • Pressing in prefabricated pipes is recommended especially on very loose ground, such as Sand or gravel, as it is very difficult here, a stable shape To produce a hole.
  • This method of stabilizing a hole or a cavity in the floor can also be used for other applications, e.g. be transferred in tunnel construction.
  • boring 9 can also be created by a milling process.
  • each The plane here has a plurality of juxtaposed Support elements 5. They are each rectified planes offset from each other, see above the effect of surface foundation increases.
  • the air in the cavity in a support element according to FIG. 8 can e.g. also used in this way on a damp surface that a buoyancy is generated.
  • the hollow Support element 5 therefore has a tendency to be on the groundwater table to "swim", which may even raise buildings can be.
  • additional ones can also be used Buoyancy body e.g. in the area of the side Manholes are arranged. It creates a "floating Foundation ", which stabilizes the building.
  • the building 1 is only through here three supports 22, 23 and 24 indicated for the foundations of the building.
  • first Pressure element 25 horizontally in the area of the supports 22, 23 and 24 arranged.
  • a first tension element 26 is below the supports 22, 23 and 24 passed through and on one side anchored in the stable rock layer 21.
  • the other side of the first tension element 26 is replaced by an upright Support element in the form of a pillar 27 on the stable Supported rock layer 21.
  • the tension and compression elements can be used with a single Steel strand, or with an arrangement of several steel strands or a reinforcement formed in concrete is embedded.
  • tension elements 28 and 29 are under the supports 22, 23 and 24 passed through.
  • a tension element 28 as shown in FIG. 10 is a single one Reach under support 22, or as with the traction element 29 indicated, several supports 23 and 24. In the latter Fall can pull the element by controlling the drilling device between the supports returned to the earth's surface become.
  • the other tension elements 28 and 29 are thereby additional printing elements 30-34 on the stable base layer 21 or supported on the first tension element 26.
  • the tension elements 26, 28 and 29 are tensioned and the supports 22, 23 and 24 of building 1 are supported.
  • the upright pressure elements 31-34 are e.g. placed directly on the first tension element 26 or on a Plurality of first tension members 26 to form a stable base to obtain.
  • Fig. 11 it is shown how the horizontal and Upright support elements can be coupled together to avoid moving or folding.
  • Here embrace e.g. two each arranged essentially horizontally Support elements from two directions an upright Support element in one area. This embrace can be at a location spaced from the first wrap done again so that the freedom of movement of the Upright support element is limited.
  • the upright support element is thus firmly encompassed and between the horizontal support elements clamped.
  • Fig. 12 shows how the support elements according to the invention 5 with different soil layers for stabilization of the underground e.g. under a base plate 37 Concrete can be used.
  • a gravel layer 38 and a clay layer 39 due to washes on it Stabilization can be achieved.
  • an earth rocket created.
  • the not shown in the figures Earth rocket is launched into launch area 3 and moved towards the target area 4 by means of a drive, that by displacing the soil a stable Bore 9 forms.
  • the head of the Earth rocket removed and the propulsion device finally withdrawn to start area 3.
  • a steel cable 16 is attached to it, whereby this in turn pulled through the bore 9 becomes.
  • the steel cable 16 is from a not shown Cable winch rolled off in target area 4. After this the steel cable 16 has reached the start area 3, the Earth rocket propulsion device from launch area 3 taken.
  • the steel strands 6 a concrete delivery hose 17 is also drawn into the bore 9 and is now at the end of the bore 9 in the area of target area 4.
  • the opening of hole 9 at the target area 4 can now, if necessary, by formwork be closed and then concreting begins the hole 9.
  • concrete is fed through the concrete delivery hose 17 introduced into the bore 9.
  • the concrete delivery hose 17 is continuously coordinated Way with the flow rate of concrete towards the start area 3 withdrawn. A full fill of hole 9 in each area below the foundation 2 of the structure 1 is thus achieved.
  • a repressing hose can also be used with inserted into the bore 9 to a concrete pressure to allow the complete filling of the bore 9th ensures.
  • reinforced concrete support element 5 After hardening, there is now a reinforced concrete support element before that as an underpinning for a building 1 with ailing building substance is suitable.
  • the reinforced concrete support element 5 is shown in FIG. 15 trained. This shape with arranged in a ring Steel strands allow e.g. the good reception of train and Compression forces perpendicular to the main direction of the reinforced concrete support element 5.
  • the procedure shown can always then be applied as soon as any reinforced concrete element between a start and a finish point should.
  • This is not just limited to drilling, but can e.g. can also be used for open formwork.
  • tubular reinforced concrete support elements be trained, provided another Formwork for the core is used.
  • the number of steel strands used during training the reinforcement can vary arbitrarily, with certain Cases a single steel strand could be sufficient.
  • the type of additional reinforcement elements is limited not on the spiral 14 shown here, but also others Elements such as steel baskets e.g. with steel mats or similar can be used.
  • the spiral 14 be in practice partly also ring elements applied in some use cases are usually cheaper but then not the high bending stiffness and the high Load resistance achieved when using the spiral.
  • the spiral 14 can also on both outside and inside the steel strands are arranged.
  • the application of the method according to the invention is limited also not trained on horizontally Reinforced concrete elements, but can also be used for example Formation of vertical support columns in old walls or when stabilizing soil or rock formations Find use.
  • the steel strands wound on the strand rolls can be of any length or can be pre-selected Length can be set. Furthermore, it is of course possible to do without the heald rolls and the healds fed individually from the top edge of the shaft.
  • the steel strands 6 are with the other reinforcement elements assembled in a known manner to form a reinforcement 15. This can be done by connecting using wires, the so-called structural steel braiding, happen, or e.g. also by welding of the reinforcement elements with each other.
  • the static calculation of the underpinning according to the invention can be based on a combination of the known static Calculation method for the bored pile wall or the surface foundation respectively.
  • the arrangement of the support elements, e.g. 7, can be in the sense of a lying Bored pile wall are treated, making a calculation with minor modifications is possible. Let the results themselves in connection with results from a calculation process similar to the foundation of the area makes sense to the invention apply. The undertaking of buildings can thus based on a reliable static calculation.
  • the invention thus shows a method for undertaking of structures on, below the to be underpinned Building 1 at least one elongated / rod-shaped support element 5 essentially parallel to the foundation 2 of the building 1 is arranged.
  • This can be an underpinning in one go reached an entire side wall of the building 1 become unnecessary without the existing subsurface is weakened.
  • the elongated support elements 5 can be a kind of foundation and also created a secure foundation for building 1 become. This also allows the structure of preserve very old buildings in a gentle way. About that in addition, the process is very fast and with relatively little Effort feasible. It can also be done in this way increase the seismic safety of buildings. This can by means of water-filled cavities in the solid underground Attenuation of shock waves can be achieved.
  • voids in the floor can be stabilized. This is achieved in that in the course of cavity production a binder in the periphery of the cavity is introduced.
  • Funds are used. Examples include concrete, Resins, silicates or other suitable mineral Fabrics or plastics.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
  • Controlling Rewinding, Feeding, Winding, Or Abnormalities Of Webs (AREA)
EP96938908A 1995-08-17 1996-08-16 Verfahren zum unterfangen von bauwerken Expired - Lifetime EP0788572B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19530304 1995-08-17
DE19530304 1995-08-17
DE19547763A DE19547763A1 (de) 1995-08-17 1995-12-20 Verfahren zum Unterfangen von Bauwerken
DE19547763 1995-12-20
PCT/DE1996/001526 WO1997007295A1 (de) 1995-08-17 1996-08-16 Verfahren zum unterfangen von bauwerken

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0788572A1 EP0788572A1 (de) 1997-08-13
EP0788572B1 true EP0788572B1 (de) 2001-07-11

Family

ID=26017796

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96938908A Expired - Lifetime EP0788572B1 (de) 1995-08-17 1996-08-16 Verfahren zum unterfangen von bauwerken

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6062770A (da)
EP (1) EP0788572B1 (da)
AT (1) ATE203075T1 (da)
CZ (1) CZ292795B6 (da)
DK (1) DK0788572T3 (da)
ES (1) ES2158362T3 (da)
GR (1) GR3036352T3 (da)
PT (1) PT788572E (da)
WO (1) WO1997007295A1 (da)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102795554A (zh) * 2012-08-10 2012-11-28 中油吉林化建工程有限公司 固定式塔吊整体迁移机构及迁移方法

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US20030233798A1 (en) * 2002-06-21 2003-12-25 Berkey John William Post-tensioned, below-grade concrete foundation system
US7618216B1 (en) * 2006-11-17 2009-11-17 Lucas Tong Faultline fearless nanotube homes
US20080163567A1 (en) * 2007-01-05 2008-07-10 Jordan Alfred A S&T Jordan PowerStructure System
KR101026731B1 (ko) * 2010-12-16 2011-04-08 주식회사고려이엔시 준공된 건축물의 지하실 시공방법
CN106150118A (zh) * 2015-04-24 2016-11-23 贵州中建建筑科研设计院有限公司 一种旧墙体托换施工方法及其梁板改造承重结构
JP6675173B2 (ja) * 2015-11-10 2020-04-01 株式会社竹中工務店 基礎構築方法
WO2017133911A1 (en) * 2016-02-04 2017-08-10 Teobaldelli Ivan Foundation
CN107642252B (zh) * 2017-09-21 2019-09-10 青岛静力工程股份有限公司 老旧建筑免拆除双增改造施工工艺
CN113323011B (zh) * 2021-06-30 2022-12-27 武汉武建机械施工有限公司 既有建筑地基基础下钢管新型托换施工方法

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102795554A (zh) * 2012-08-10 2012-11-28 中油吉林化建工程有限公司 固定式塔吊整体迁移机构及迁移方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ292795B6 (cs) 2003-12-17
PT788572E (pt) 2001-10-31
US6062770A (en) 2000-05-16
ATE203075T1 (de) 2001-07-15
EP0788572A1 (de) 1997-08-13
WO1997007295A1 (de) 1997-02-27
DK0788572T3 (da) 2001-09-24
CZ151097A3 (cs) 1998-02-18
ES2158362T3 (es) 2001-09-01
GR3036352T3 (en) 2001-11-30

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