EP0784660B1 - Procede et dispositif permettant de reduire la teneur en eau de lignite contenant de l'eau - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif permettant de reduire la teneur en eau de lignite contenant de l'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0784660B1
EP0784660B1 EP95933431A EP95933431A EP0784660B1 EP 0784660 B1 EP0784660 B1 EP 0784660B1 EP 95933431 A EP95933431 A EP 95933431A EP 95933431 A EP95933431 A EP 95933431A EP 0784660 B1 EP0784660 B1 EP 0784660B1
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Prior art keywords
bed
brown coal
process according
press
coal
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EP95933431A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0784660A1 (fr
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Karl Strauss
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/02—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
    • F26B17/026—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the material being moved in-between belts which may be perforated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10F—DRYING OR WORKING-UP OF PEAT
    • C10F5/00—Drying or de-watering peat
    • C10F5/04—Drying or de-watering peat by using presses, handpresses, rolls, or centrifuges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B7/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes using a combination of processes not covered by a single one of groups F26B3/00 and F26B5/00

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for Reduction of the water content of hydrated, granular lignite under the influence of thermal energy and pressure on the bed distributed material.
  • Peat is the youngest natural geologically Fuel, it is due to a high water content of 85-95% excellent. Unlike lignite, peat still contains parts of cellulose, so that the water only with little force on the Solid substance is bound and therefore largely by simple Squeezing can be removed.
  • Such a method is known from the DE-PS 3 59 440 known.
  • This patent describes a method for Dewatering of peat and the like is described, in which the dewatering material with a piston press in layers of less Pre-pressed starch after releasing the pressure of the effect of exposed to high tension steam and then a final pressing is subjected.
  • the is of particular importance Process step in which the material is exposed to the steam, wherein the space containing the material, delimited by a plunger by its withdrawal is expanded so that the material in this space can expand, thereby loosening the press cake is made possible by the action of the steam. Because of this The press cake can be loosened in the concerned Process step supplied, high-tension steam easily paths through the Spread the press cake and push the loosened material away, see above that channels can form due to the large amounts of steam flow through with practically no effect on the material. Through the Prepressing, which takes place when the material is cold, becomes this cold pressed water withdrawn, which in peat mostly as Surface water is contained in significant quantities. However, it is make sure that this pre-pressing with no too high pressure takes place, otherwise a solid press cake is formed, in which the steam does not more can easily penetrate.
  • brown coal If it is about the drainage of brown coal, it is assume that this material does not contain free water. In brown coal rather, water is molecularly bound and cannot be squeezed out cold will.
  • Lignite has a water content of up to 65% by weight. At The combustion of these brown coal in power plants must be considerable Share of the brown coal used either directly or the adequate Amount of heat from the combustion gases to evaporate the water be used. This proportion can be up to depending on the water content 22%. This energy loss can be reduced if the Water content of raw lignite in one before combustion efficient drying or dewatering processes is reduced. In addition, the upstream drying step reduces the Size of the boilers installed in the power plant and the downstream ones Plant components. For the generation of electricity from brown coal with high humidity can the overall efficiency of the power plant process through Upstream of an energetically favorable process for removing the Improve water significantly.
  • the invention is based on the object in the known Disadvantages arising from energy saving and Avoid reducing technical effort.
  • the features of claim 1 serve to solve this problem.
  • An essential advantage of the method according to the invention over the known method for thermal dewatering is that no pressure locks, valves or high pressure pumps are necessary for the continuous introduction or discharge of the brown coal and the dewatered brown coal. This eliminates the elements that can be a source of interference and that make continuous drainage difficult.
  • the saturated steam temperature of the supplied water vapor can be below the saturated steam temperature corresponding to the maximum surface pressure due to the inventive design of the method. Furthermore, because of the filter effect of the lignite bed and the low saturated steam temperature, the solids content of the water squeezed out and the ratio of the COD value to the BOD 5 value are lower than the values given in the literature for the known processes.
  • the surface pressure can be applied to the Change lignite, especially raise the process to the to be able to cheaply adapt the respective conditions of the material.
  • the maximum surface pressure Value of at least about 2 MPa.
  • the water vapor is overheated to ensure an immediate Condensation of the water vapor at its point of entry into the material to avoid.
  • This overheating is at least about 10 ° C. Because of this overheating there is also the advantage that in Area of supply of water vapor via supply pipes and the like does not occur in advance of condensation.
  • the water vapor is supplied in a favorable manner such that the heating of the brown coal to process temperature in one Condensation zone of the water vapor takes place in a Bed surface is almost parallel to the plane and perpendicular to it Plane propagated into the bed.
  • the steam supply can be designed in this way that if the condensation zone is the outer boundary surface reached, the entire bedding material is heated. That way a steam escape avoided without expensive shut-off devices become necessary; it is rather sufficient that the bedding material through the walls to support that the material does not flow outwards.
  • a bed with a grain size-specific layering and result in a pre-compression for the implementation of the method manages to optimize the drainage of brown coal Different provenance required adjustment with regard to process temperature and heating rate. This will be useful thereby achieved that the flow resistance of the deck and / or Bottom layer of the coal bed is changed in that this layer is either formed from coal with low grain size, or, in particular when performing the method with the plate press according to claim 20, is pre-compressed accordingly.
  • the process can be carried out continuously with location-dependent pressure in a continuous press as well as discontinuously with a time-dependent Carry out pressure loading in a plate press.
  • An apparatus for performing the continuous process in one Continuous press is conveniently done using a double belt press a lower and an upper conveyor belt and an infeed area for a bed-like, distributed image of the material and its increasing compression as well as a multitude of steam supply lances in the inlet area, from the bed of the material are enclosed.
  • Double belt presses with one lower and one upper conveyor belt for example, in connection with the continuous production of chipboard used.
  • Such Double belt press is e.g. disclosed in DE OS 40 10308.
  • a favorable outlet is at least the lower conveyor belt of one Double belt press with passages for the extraction of the pressed Water.
  • the upper conveyor belt can be adjusted in height arranged and provided with pressing elements, the pressing force is adjustable. In this way, the double belt press can be used on different Adjust operating conditions.
  • the conveyor belts are expediently heated in order to also pass through the Conveyor belts also add heat to the solid material can.
  • a plate press with press ram and Press pad that receives the bed-like material, wherein at least the press pad with openings for the supply of Steam and provided with outlets for the squeezed water is.
  • Fig. 1 shows the brown coal bunker 1, which on a certain Particle size contains pre-broken brown coal.
  • steam or hot water supply lines or Heat exchanger surfaces are installed, which preheat the Enable coal.
  • the pre-broken lignite is extracted from the Coal bunker 1 bed-like on the lower dashed line Conveyor belt 2, through which the coal is transported in the direction of the arrow, distributed.
  • an upper conveyor belt 3 also shown in dashed lines, moves (Printing tape) in the direction of the arrow, the speed of which corresponds to that of the Conveyor belt 2 almost matches.
  • the distance between conveyor belt 2 and conveyor belt 3 becomes smaller in the running direction in the inlet area 8 and thus enables the pressure increase on the coal bed 4.
  • the Conveyor belt 3 is depending on the throughput and water content Lignite throughout its course via power transmission Press elements 5 adjustable in height. Between conveyor belt 2 and conveyor belt 3 are a variety of dotted in the moving drawn coal bed 4 projecting steam supply lances 6 arranged, whose steam outlet openings end at a point in the inlet area 8, in which the pressure on the coal below the maximum surface pressure in Course of the conveyor belts 2 and 3 is.
  • the one from the steam supply lances 6 escaping water vapor gives off its heat to the coal and condenses. Due to the multitude of different in length and feed lances 6 of different heights become one ensures relatively even heating of the coal bed 4.
  • This heat effect while increasing pressure in the inlet area 8 has the following chemical and physical Processes in which the colloidal structure of the Lignite and water properties change:
  • the parameters pressure and temperature can be adjusted via the height adjustable Conveyor belt 3 and the water vapor pressure or the temperature of the supplied heating steam can be set.
  • the coal bed 4 In the course of the first Process section (inlet area 8) is the coal bed 4 from above on the conveyor belt 3 by means of continuously increasing, mechanically impressed Forces under pressure. After reaching a maximum to be determined The solidified coal bed 4 enters the following area Process section in which the from the upper conveyor belt 3rd applied pressure is kept constant or is only slightly varied.
  • the Pressure in connection with the increased temperature Consequence that free and released water from the coal bed 4 pressed out and through passages 7 on the conveyor belt 2 and optionally additionally deducted on the conveyor belt 3 in one or more stages can be.
  • the hot water emerging from the passages 7 or a partial flow of this water can be used to preheat the brown coal be used.
  • the one emerging at the end of the double belt press up to a certain one Dehydrated coal can be dewatered with the help of a facility Pieces of a given size divided and on a continuation Conveyor belt transported to mills over a certain distance in which the coal is used for combustion or gasification required grain size is crushed.
  • Fig. 2 shows a plate press with the press pad 9 and Press die 10.
  • the press base 9 rests here only in principle illustrated supports 11 and 12.
  • the ram 10 depends on the Tappet 13, which is opened by a press mechanism, not shown here. and is deported. Acting in the design of this plate press it is basically state of the art.
  • the press pad 9 is trough-shaped here, so that in it Solid material 14 are applied in a bed-like, flat distribution can.
  • Press pad 9 and press ram 10 are with water outlets 15 and 16 and steam supply ports 21 and 22 are provided, whereby in the case of the closed plate press shown in FIG Solid material 14 water vapor supplied and escaping water can be dissipated.
  • the water outlets 15 and 16 and the Steam supply openings 21 and 22 are via channels 17 and 18 and 23 and 24 with the bottom of the press pad 9 and the front of the Press ram 10 connected so that squeezed water and drain Water vapor can flow into the solid material 14.
  • Fig. 3 shows the plate press according to FIG. 2 in the closed position, in the the ram 10 is lowered against the press base 9 and that Solid material 14 compresses.
  • the Solid material 14 acting compared to the maximum pressure lowered Pressure becomes water vapor via the steam supply openings 21 and 22 introduced in the solid material 14, whereby this is heated.
  • the pressure caused by the ram 10 on the Solid material 14 increased to the maximum pressure, so that now water contained in the solid material 14 is squeezed out and over the outlets 15 and 16 can emerge.
  • Fig. 1 referenced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Procédé pour réduire la teneur en eau d'une lignite granulaire contenant de l'eau, sous l'action d'une énergie thermique et d'une pression appliquées à un matériau réparti en planches bidimensionnelles, caractérisé en ce que
    a) la lignite est exposée à une pression superficielle initiale appliquée par voie mécanique, pression qui est inférieure à la pression superficielle maximale apparaissant dans le procédé, et sous laquelle une énergie thermique est amenée à la lignite, grâce à la vapeur d'eau qui par condensation chauffe la lignite,
    b)puis, sans autre apport de vapeur d'eau, on élève la pression superficielle à au moins 2,0 MPa jusqu'à ce que l'eau contenue dans la lignite chauffée en soit exprimée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la contrainte spécifique de pression mécanique est de l'ordre de grandeur de la pression de vapeur d'eau utilisée.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la vapeur d'eau est surchauffée.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la surchauffe est d'au moins environ 10°C.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la lignite (4, 14), avant sa répartition bidimensionnelle, est ramenée à une granulométrie d'au plus environ 20 mm.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la lignite (4, 14) est, avant sa répartition en planches, préchauffée par des chaleurs de récupération.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise en tant que source de chaleur de récupération l'eau exprimée de la lignite (4, 14) dans le cadre du procédé.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la répartition de la lignite (4, 14) en planches est réalisée sur une hauteur moyenne de 0,4 à 1 m, qui se traduit par une hauteur de compression, résultant de la contrainte de pression, d'au moins environ 0,2 m.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la hauteur de compression est au plus d'au moins 0,6 m.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la pression superficielle agit en permanence sur le matériau solide.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la pression superficielle initiale est choisie (au moins 0,2 MPa) de façon que la lignite forme une masse ayant une résistance à l'écoulement uniforme sur toute la surface de la planche, vis-à-vis d'une traversée de la vapeur.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'amenée de la vapeur d'eau s'effectue de telle sorte que le chauffage de la lignite ait lieu dans une zone de condensation plane, presque parallèle à la surface de la planche, zone qui progresse perpendiculairement à la surface de la planche jusqu'à pénétrer dans la planche de lignite.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que, pour arriver à une vitesse de progression optimale de la zone de condensation à l'intérieur de la planche de lignite, on augmente la résistance de passage avec la distance à la surface de la planche par le fait que la granulométrie maximale de la masse déversée de lignite est limitée à environ 2 mm dans approximativement un dixième de l'épaisseur de couche de la planche de lignite.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que, pour arriver à une résistance de passage qui varie avec la distance à la surface de la planche, on soumet à une compression préalable, avec une pression superficielle d'environ 1 MPa, une partie de la quantité de lignite correspondant à une couche ayant une épaisseur d'environ un dixième de la hauteur maximale de la planche.
  15. Appareil pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé par :
    a)une presse à double bande, comportant une bande transporteuse inférieure et une bande transporteuse supérieure (2, 3) ainsi qu'une zone d'alimentation (8), destinée à recevoir la lignite (4) répartie en planche bidimensionnelle, et pour la soumettre à une compression croissante,
    b)un grand nombre de lances (6) d'amenée de vapeur dans la zone d'alimentation (8), qui sont entourées par la planche (4) (Fig. 1).
  16. Appareil selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins la bande transporteuse inférieure (2) est pourvue de passage (7) pour évacuer l'eau exprimée.
  17. Appareil selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que la bande transporteuse supérieure (3) est disposée réglable en hauteur et est pourvue d'éléments de compression (5) dont la force de compression est réglable.
  18. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 15 à 17, caractérisé en ce que les bandes transporteuses (2, 3) peuvent être chauffées.
  19. Appareil pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé par une pression à plateau comportant un piston (10) et une selle d'appui (9), qui reçoit la lignite (14) répartie en planche bidimensionnelle, auquel cas au moins le piston (10) est pourvu d'ouvertures (21, 22) pour amener la vapeur d'eau, et au moins la selle d'appui (9) est pourvue de sorties (15, 16) pour évacuer l'eau exprimée de la lignite (14) (Fig. 2, 3).
  20. Appareil selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que le piston (10) et/ou la selle d'appui (9) sont chauffés.
EP95933431A 1994-09-27 1995-09-26 Procede et dispositif permettant de reduire la teneur en eau de lignite contenant de l'eau Expired - Lifetime EP0784660B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4434447A DE4434447A1 (de) 1994-09-27 1994-09-27 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung des Wassergehaltes von kohlenstoffhaltigen Feststoffmaterialien
DE4434447 1994-09-27
PCT/EP1995/003814 WO1996010064A1 (fr) 1994-09-27 1995-09-26 Procede et dispositif permettant de reduire la teneur en eau de lignite contenant de l'eau

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0784660A1 EP0784660A1 (fr) 1997-07-23
EP0784660B1 true EP0784660B1 (fr) 1998-12-02

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EP95933431A Expired - Lifetime EP0784660B1 (fr) 1994-09-27 1995-09-26 Procede et dispositif permettant de reduire la teneur en eau de lignite contenant de l'eau

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0784660B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH10506145A (fr)
CN (1) CN1160418A (fr)
AU (1) AU695187B2 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ79597A3 (fr)
DE (2) DE4434447A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI971271A (fr)
HU (1) HUT77187A (fr)
PL (1) PL319381A1 (fr)
TR (1) TR199501177A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996010064A1 (fr)

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DE10346234A1 (de) * 2003-10-06 2005-05-04 Rag Ag Abreinigungsförderer

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DE19710711A1 (de) * 1995-09-22 1998-09-17 Dieffenbacher Gmbh Maschf Verfahren, Filterpresse sowie Steuer- und Regeleinrichtung zur Reduzierung des Wassergehaltes von Feststoffmaterialien und/oder Schlämmen
DE19710708B4 (de) * 1995-09-22 2009-01-29 Dieffenbacher Gmbh + Co. Kg Anlage und Presse zur Reduzierung des Wassergehaltes von Feststoffmaterialien wie Schlämmen und/oder Rohbraunkohle sowie eine Steuer- oder Regeleinrichtung hierfür
DE19535315B4 (de) * 1995-09-22 2006-02-02 Dieffenbacher Gmbh + Co. Kg Verfahren, Anlage und Presse zur Reduzierung des in Faserzellen kapillar gebundenen Wassergehaltes von Kohlenstoffhaltigen, fein zerkleinerten Feststoffmaterialien und/oder Schlämmen, insbesondere Rohbraunkohle
DE19537286B4 (de) * 1995-09-22 2006-03-23 Dieffenbacher Gmbh + Co. Kg Presse zur Reduzierung des Wassergehaltes von Schlämmen
DE19606238A1 (de) * 1996-02-20 1997-08-21 Dieffenbacher Gmbh Maschf Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung des Wassergehaltes von wasserhaltiger Braunkohle
DE19606153C2 (de) * 1996-02-20 2003-04-03 Karl Strauss Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Heißdampf zum Betreiben eines Dampfkraftwerkes
DE19606152A1 (de) * 1996-02-20 1997-08-21 Karl Prof Dr Strauss Verfahren zur Reduzierung des Wassergehaltes von wasserhaltiger Braunkohle
AU725794B2 (en) * 1997-03-14 2000-10-19 Maschinenfabrik J. Dieffenbacher Gmbh & Co. Method, filter press as well as control and regulating device to reduce the water content of solid materials and/or sludges
DE19742610A1 (de) 1997-09-26 1999-04-01 Karl Prof Dr Ing Straus Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung des Wassergehaltes von wasserhaltigen, fossilen Brennstoffen und Verbrennung in einer Feuerungsanlage
DE19752653B4 (de) * 1997-11-27 2007-08-16 Dieffenbacher Gmbh + Co. Kg Anlage und Filterpresse zur Entfeuchtung von pastösen Feststoffen
DE19914098C2 (de) * 1999-03-27 2002-09-19 Rwe Energie Ag Verfahren zur Entwässerung von Rohbraunkohle durch Zentrifugieren
DE102004038235B4 (de) * 2004-08-05 2013-01-31 Rwe Power Ag Verfahren zur Demineralisierung von Braunkohle
CN102061211B (zh) * 2011-01-04 2013-08-28 内蒙古工业大学 水泥生产中一体化褐煤催化轻度热解提质集成系统及工艺
CN103087796B (zh) * 2013-02-07 2014-04-16 中国矿业大学 褐煤振动热压脱水提质工艺及系统
DE102015010056A1 (de) * 2015-08-01 2017-02-02 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Entwässerung von Wasser enthaltendem Gut
CN113091443B (zh) 2021-04-27 2022-05-24 中国矿业大学 一种褐煤瞬态脱水提质及温压瞬发装置系统

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4434447A1 (de) 1996-03-28
WO1996010064A1 (fr) 1996-04-04
AU695187B2 (en) 1998-08-06
AU3609695A (en) 1996-04-19
EP0784660A1 (fr) 1997-07-23
PL319381A1 (en) 1997-08-04
DE59504443D1 (de) 1999-01-14
JPH10506145A (ja) 1998-06-16
FI971271A0 (fi) 1997-03-26
CN1160418A (zh) 1997-09-24
CZ79597A3 (en) 1997-07-16
HUT77187A (hu) 1998-03-02
TR199501177A2 (tr) 1996-11-21
FI971271A (fi) 1997-03-26

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