EP0782477B1 - Cyclone separator - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a cyclone sifter according to the preamble of claim 1.

From DE-B 10 90 940 is a centrifugal dust separator known, the features of the preamble of claim 1 and in particular has feed channels which are tangential to the Separation room are introduced. The channels rise at an angle from bottom to top before they open into the separation area. Details, such as the mouth of the feed channels in the Separation space is formed, DE-B 10 90 940 are not too remove.

Furthermore, a cyclone separator from EP 398 864 A2 known to separate at least one solid or liquid Substance from a liquid or gaseous medium by centrifugal forces.

The invention has for its object a cyclone sifter specify with the features of the preamble of claim 1, which with a very simple construction is a very good sighting of the visible material can be achieved.

This object is achieved in that the Channel has an area formed as a spiral channel is that the viewing space rises diagonally from bottom to top and flows in a spiral loop into the visual space, and that the spiral channel in the looping area towards the viewing area is open.

Through the at least one diagonally upwards into the viewing room The channel becomes a spiral in the visual space directed upwards and causes that by the Gravity-sinking visible material is repeatedly conveyed upwards is and thus remains in the visual space for a long time. Thereby it is possible to separate the visual goods more precisely what has a positive effect, especially in the middle faction area. The coarse material is transferred to the Housing wall crowded and sinks there, while the fines flows out with the classifying air in the central area of the classroom.

This considerable advantage of the longer dwell time of the material to be viewed in the visual space it is achieved in a very simple way, without causing an increased technical effort for the cyclone sifter is coming.

Fig. 1 eine Prinzipskizze einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Zyklonsichters,

Fig. 2 einen Schnitt durch den Zyklonsichter von Fig. 1 entlang der Linie II-II in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 eine Aufrißansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Zyklonsichters, bei dem aus Gründen der besseren Darstellung das Tauchrohr um 90° in die Zeichenebene gedreht wurde,

Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf den Zyklonsichter von Fig. 3,

Fig. 5 eine Prinzipskizze einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Zyklonsichters gemäß der Erfindung,

Fig. 6 einen Schnitt durch den Zyklonsichter von Fig. 5 entlang der Linie VI-VI in Fig. 5 und

Fig. 7 einen Schnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Zyklonsichters mit Leitschaufeln und einem Sichterrad.

Preferred and advantageous embodiments of the cyclone sifter according to the invention are the subject of the dependent claims and are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. It shows:

1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a cyclone sifter according to the invention,

2 shows a section through the cyclone sifter of FIG. 1 along the line II-II in FIG. 1,

3 is an elevation view of a cyclone sifter according to the invention, in which, for reasons of clarity, the dip tube has been rotated 90 ° into the plane of the drawing,

4 is a top view of the cyclone sifter of FIG. 3;

5 shows a schematic diagram of a further embodiment of a cyclone sifter according to the invention,

Fig. 6 shows a section through the cyclone classifier of Fig. 5 along the line VI-VI in Fig. 5 and

Fig. 7 shows a section through a further embodiment of a cyclone classifier according to the invention with guide vanes and a classifier wheel.

As in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 Invention can be seen, the cyclone classifier has a housing 1 on, which delimits a viewing space 2 in which the visible material by centrifugal forces due to the different weight of the individual particles of the material being sighted.

There are two for supplying classifying air and possibly classifying material Spiral channels 3 and 4 are provided which are diametrically opposed to each other opposite each other and running from bottom to top at 3 'or 4' open into the visual space, whereby they the visible air and the Issue a movement component against gravity.

In one embodiment of the invention, the visible material can be shared supplied with the visual air through channels 3, 4 will. In another embodiment, shown in FIG. 1 According to the invention, the visible material can also be passed through channels 5, 6, that open in the area of the upper end of the viewing space 2, are supplied and via a spreading plate 7, which has a Shaft 8 is mounted in the housing 1 and driven by this will be brought into the viewing room 2. Will be at the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment, the visible material with the Channels 5, 6 and the spreading disc are supplied with visible air 7 of course not available.

An immersion tube 9 projects into the viewing space 2 from below Mouth 10 is arranged radially centrally in the viewing space 2. The Dip tube 9 can, as shown in Fig. 1, one piece be curved below the mouth 10 and laterally from the Housing 1 are brought out. About the dip tube 9 is Clear air and fines are removed. The coarse material sinks at the Outer wall of the housing 1 through an approximately annular space 11, which is formed between the dip tube 9 and the housing wall 1 is down and is via a discharge opening 19th dissipated.

A guide device is located on the dip tube 9 in the region of its mouth 10 12 arranged. The guide device 12 is a conical one Sheet metal ring that with its upper edge with smaller Diameter attached to the outside of the dip tube 9 gas-tight is, whereas its lower edge is larger in diameter protrudes all around from the outer peripheral surface of the dip tube 9. This guide device 12 has the following effect:

The guide device 12 hardly changes the Peripheral speed (flow conditions) and thus the Centrifugal forces in the viewing area 2 in the approximately annular space 11 by the curved lead out Dip tube 9 occurring flow disturbances from the viewing area 2 shielded.

The advantageous effect of the guide device 12, as in Fig. 5 shown, can also be provided twice, can by a guide ring 13, which in all embodiments of the Cyclone classifier according to the invention can be provided, still be improved. The guide ring 13 has the shape of a top and bottom tapered jacket of a truncated cone and is gas-tight with its upper edge with a larger diameter attached to the inside of the housing wall 1, whereas be lower edge with a smaller diameter compared to the edge of the Housing 1 is offset inwards. The guide ring 13 is thus from the wall of the housing 1 downwards and inwards.

On the inner wall of the housing 1, as shown in Fig. 2 is, baffles 20 are attached, which inwards protrude the viewing space 2. These baffles 20 contribute to one Rinsing the visible material flung against the housing wall 1 at, which in particular the finer visible material back in the visual space 2 is carried back because the space between the Baffles 20 from that fed through the channels 3, 4 Visible air is flushed out. The baffles 20 extend as shown in Fig. 1 only on a single baffle 20 is, either over the entire height of the viewing space 2 to Guide ring 13 down or just about the height of merging channels 3, 4.

To improve the flow behavior in the cyclone classifier, i.e. To straighten the flow better and reduce eddies can an embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 7 also a number of guide vanes 14 may be provided, which on Dip tube 9 in the area of the transition of the viewing space 2 in an outflow chamber 15 are arranged. The outflow space 15 is the space that is approximately in the axial extension of the dip tube 9 extends upwards.

The guide vanes 14 are, as can be seen in FIG. 7, in the Cross-section curved and can preferably be adjustable, to the respective circumstances, especially the flow rate to be able to adapt. Through the guide vanes 14 ensures that the classifying air with the fine material largely undisturbed from the rotating in the radial direction of movement and can go further into the axial, whereby the flow resistances decrease, which in turn affects the necessary energy use has a positive effect. Preferably the guide vanes 14 can be arranged so that they extending from the opening 10 of the dip tube 9 upwards incline towards the main axis 16 of the cyclone sifter, whereby the Transition of the flow from the radial to the axial direction is further improved.

In addition, a classifier wheel 17 with blades can also be used 18 can be provided to the coarse material even better from the fines separate. The classifier wheel 17 rotates outside the guide vanes 14 and extends substantially over the entire Height of the viewing area 2.

It is understood that in order to achieve a higher throughput of the To achieve cyclone classifier according to the invention, more than two feed channels can be provided. Furthermore, additional to the lower immersion tube 9 shown in the figures a second dip tube can be provided, the lower dip tube 9 opposite from above into the housing 1 and Visible room 2 protrudes.

In summary, the invention can be as follows, for example being represented:

The cyclone classifier has a housing 1, which approximately one encloses rotationally symmetrical viewing space 2, and one Device 3, 4 for supplying visual air and optionally Visible material in the viewing space 2, which is approximately tangential in the viewing space 2 flows. The cyclone classifier also has an outlet 19 for coarse material and an immersion tube 9 for removing the visual air with Fine goods on. The device for supplying visual air is formed by two channels 3, 4, which spiral around the The main axis 16 of the cyclone sifter is curved into the viewing space 2 flow into.

Claims (20)

1. Cyclone separator with a vertical principal axis (16), having a housing (1) surrounding an approximately rotationally symmetrical separation chamber (2), having at least one duct (3, 4) for supplying separation air and, optionally, material for separation into the separation chamber, the duct leading approximately tangentially to the separation chamber (2), having a discharge opening (19) for coarse material and having an outlet (10) for the separation air with fine material, characterised in that the duct (3, 4) has a region which is in the form of a spiral duct (3', 4') which, climbing the separation chamber (2) diagonally from the bottom to the top and winding round it in the form of a spiral, opens out into the separation chamber (2), in that the spiral duct (3', 4') is open, in the winding region, towards the separation chamber (2), and in that the opening at the beginning of the winding region is at a distance from the upper end of the separation chamber (2).
2. Cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterised in that at least two ducts (3, 4) arranged diametrically opposite one another are provided for supplying separation air.
3. Cyclone separator according to claim 2, characterised in that the outlet (10) for the separation air and fine material is a mouth of an immersion pipe (9) opening into the separation chamber centrally and from below.
4. Cyclone separator according to claim 3, further characterised in that an immersion pipe protruding into the separation chamber (2) centrally and from above is provided for removing the separation air and fine material.
5. Cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a device (7, 8), preferably in the form of a distributing plate, for supplying material for separation is arranged in the upper region of the separation chamber (2).
6. Cyclone separator according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that a guide device (12) is arranged on the lower immersion pipe (9) near to the mouth (10).
7. Cyclone separator according to claim 6, characterised in that the guide device (12) tapers conically in an upward direction towards the mouth (10) of the immersion pipe (9).
8. Cyclone separator according to claim 6 or claim 7, characterised in that more than one guide device (12), preferably two guide devices (12), in the form of truncated cone casings which taper towards the mouth (10) of the immersion pipe (9), are provided on the lower immersion pipe (9).
9. Cyclone separator according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterised in that an inwardly protruding guide ring (13) is arranged on the wall of the housing (1) in the region of the separation chamber (2) and in the region of the mouth (10) of the lower immersion pipe (9).
10. Cyclone separator according to claim 9, characterised in that the guide ring (13) is in the form of a truncated cone casing which tapers from the top to the bottom.
11. Cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the discharge opening (19) for coarse material is arranged at the lower end of a substantially ring-shaped chamber (11) delimited by the housing (1) and by the lower immersion pipe (9).
12. Cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that guide vanes (14) are arranged in the separation chamber (2).
13. Cyclone separator according to claim 12, characterised in that the guide vanes (14) extend approximately over the axial extension of the separation chamber (2).
14. Cyclone separator according to claim 12 or claim 13, characterised in that the separation chamber (2) surrounds an air exhaust chamber (15) arranged centrally and in the axial (16) extension of the device (10) for removing separation air and fine material, and in that the guide vanes (14) are arranged in the border region between the separation chamber (2) and the air exhaust chamber (15).
15. Cyclone separator according to claim 14, characterised in that the guide vanes (14) protrude into the air exhaust chamber (15).
16. Cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the guide vanes (14) have a curved cross-section.
17. Cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the guide vanes (14) are adjustable in terms of their radial orientation.
18. Cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterised in that guide plates (20) projecting inwards into the separation chamber (2) are arranged on the inner wall of the housing (1).
19. Cyclone separator according to claim 18, characterised in that the guide plates (20) extend over the entire height of the separation chamber (2).
20. Cyclone separator according to claim 18, characterised in that the guide plates (20) extend approximately over the height of the spiral ducts (3', 4').

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